Despite multiple attempts using various properties and approaches, no SPARQL query has returned any results for finding the movies Gerard Butler has acted in. The data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to movies might be more complex or different from what was initially assumed.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what movies gerard butler has been in?

[Assistant] To answer the question about what movies Gerard Butler has been in, I first need to identify his Wikidata entity. I'll use the `search_entity` function to find him.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Gerard Butler, also known as Gerard James Butler (wd:Q169982): Scottish actor and film producer (born 1969), television actor, film producer, stage actor, film actor, lawyer, actor
2. Gerard A Butler (wd:Q11309355): horse trainer
3. Locky Butler, also known as Lochlann Gerard Butler (wd:Q125534277): Irish rugby union player, rugby union player
4. Gerard Butler/Shakira, also known as Saturday Night Live S35E4, Saturday Night Live, season 35 episode 4 (wd:Q110037076): episode of Saturday Night Live (S35 E4)
5. Michael Gerard Butler (wd:Q102340012): Ph.D. University of Michigan 1993
6. Butler, Edward Gerard (DNB00) (wd:Q19095193): entry in Dictionary of National Biography
7. James Robert Gerard Butler (wd:Q112436568): university teacher, economist
8. Gerard 't Hooft, also known as G. Hooft, Gerardus 't Hooft, Gerardus, G.W. 't Hooft, Hooft (wd:Q184592): Dutch theoretical physicist, theoretical physicist, university teacher, non-fiction writer, physicist, pedagogue, professor
9. Butler, also known as Butler, PA, Butler, Pennsylvania (wd:Q1017948): city and the county seat of Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States
10. Butler, also known as Butler, MO, Butler, Missouri (wd:Q955151): city in Missouri, United States

[Assistant] The correct entity for Gerard Butler is `wd:Q169982`. Next, I need to find the property that links actors to the movies they've acted in. I'll use the `search_property` function to find a suitable property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
2. character role, also known as role, plays, performer of, as, acting role (wd:P453 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): specific role played or filled by subject -- use only as qualifier of "cast member" (P161), "voice actor" (P725)
3. class of object(s) of occurrence, also known as may happen to, may occur to items of the class, object class of action, object class of occurrence, of (wd:P12913 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): class that includes the object(s) to which this occurrence (or class of occurrence) occurs or occurred
4. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
5. performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject
6. cast member, also known as feat., starring (film/play), film starring, starring, actor (wd:P161 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) and...use "recorded participant" (P11108) for non-fiction productions], significant person, performer
7. present in work, also known as is shown in, in work, in narrative, character in, from work (wd:P1441 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person appea...r works, P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)
8. agent of action, also known as being done by, initiator, initiated by, done by, doer (wd:P12995 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): particular item that initiates this action or class of actions
9. agents of action have role, also known as actors have role, agent has role, agent of action has role, agents have role, done by agent(s) with role (wd:P12993 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): role that agents of this action take on in the context of this action
10. describes actor of (wd:P12027 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): predicate sense whose actor (an agent or a cause—basically the instigator of an action) is denoted by this sense

[Assistant] The property `wdt:P161` (cast member) seems to be the most appropriate for linking actors to the movies they've acted in. Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the list of movies Gerard Butler has been in.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that the direct query using `wdt:P161` did not return any results. This might be because the property `wdt:P161` is not directly connecting Gerard Butler to the movies he has acted in. Instead, it might be connecting him to the roles he played. To get the movies, we need to connect through the roles he played.

Let's try another approach where we first find the roles he played (`wdt:P453`) and then find the movies those roles are in (`wdt:P161`).

I will modify the SPARQL query accordingly:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P453 ?role .
  ?movie wdt:P161 ?role .
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en". }
}
```

However, since the `SERVICE wikibase:label` clause is not supported in the QLever endpoint, I will remove it and just fetch the movie URIs.

Let's execute the modified query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P453 ?role .
  ?movie wdt:P161 ?role .
}
```

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the approach using `wdt:P453` (character role) and `wdt:P161` (cast member) did not yield any results either. This suggests that the data might be structured differently in Wikidata.

Another common property used to link actors to their movies is `wdt:P101` (occupation) combined with `wdt:P31` (instance of) to filter out movies. However, this approach might be too broad and include other types of works.

Instead, let's try a simpler approach by directly querying the movies Gerard Butler has acted in using `wdt:P161` (cast member) and see if we can get any results.

Here is the simplified query:

```sparql
SELECT ?movie WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P161 ?movie .
}
```

Let's execute this query:

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the direct approach using `wdt:P161` (cast member) is also not yielding any results. This suggests that the data might be structured differently or that there might be a different property linking actors to the movies they have acted in.

Given that `wdt:P161` didn't work, let's try another property that might link actors to movies. One possibility is `wdt:P168` (award received for performance in), which could be used to find movies where Gerard Butler received awards. Another possibility is `wdt:P1411` (participant of), which might link actors to events or performances.

Let's try using `wdt:P1411` to see if it yields any results:

```sparql
SELECT ?movie WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P1411 ?movie .
  ?movie wdt:P31 wd:Q11424. # Filter to only include movies
}
```

This query will check if Gerard Butler participated in any movies. Let's execute this query:

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the property `wdt:P1411` (participant of) is also not yielding any results. Given that none of the properties we tried have returned any results, it's possible that the data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to movies is different from what we initially assumed.

Let's try a broader approach by searching for movies that Gerard Butler has acted in using the `search_object_of_property` function to find the movies directly.

I'll use the `search_object_of_property` function to find movies that Gerard Butler has acted in:

[Tool]
Falling back to an unconstrained search on the full precomputed search indices:
Got more than the maximum supported number of object candidates (131,072)

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Gerard Butler, also known as Gerard James Butler (wd:Q169982): Scottish actor and film producer (born 1969), television actor, film producer, stage actor, film actor, lawyer, actor
2. Gerard A Butler (wd:Q11309355): horse trainer
3. Locky Butler, also known as Lochlann Gerard Butler (wd:Q125534277): Irish rugby union player, rugby union player
4. Gerard Butler/Shakira, also known as Saturday Night Live S35E4, Saturday Night Live, season 35 episode 4 (wd:Q110037076): episode of Saturday Night Live (S35 E4)
5. Michael Gerard Butler (wd:Q102340012): Ph.D. University of Michigan 1993
6. Butler, Edward Gerard (DNB00) (wd:Q19095193): entry in Dictionary of National Biography
7. James Robert Gerard Butler (wd:Q112436568): university teacher, economist
8. Gerard 't Hooft, also known as G. Hooft, Gerardus 't Hooft, Gerardus, G.W. 't Hooft, Hooft (wd:Q184592): Dutch theoretical physicist, theoretical physicist, university teacher, non-fiction writer, physicist, pedagogue, professor
9. Butler, also known as Butler, PA, Butler, Pennsylvania (wd:Q1017948): city and the county seat of Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States
10. Butler, also known as Butler, MO, Butler, Missouri (wd:Q955151): city in Missouri, United States

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant]
The `search_object_of_property` function did not provide useful results for finding movies that Gerard Butler has acted in. This indicates that the data structure might be more complex than initially anticipated.

Given that the direct approaches did not work, let's try a different strategy. We can use the `list` function to explore the properties and objects associated with Gerard Butler (`wd:Q169982`) to understand how his roles and movies are linked.

I'll use the `list` function to find the properties and objects associated with Gerard Butler:

[Tool]
Got 692 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                         | object                                                                                |
| -------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | human (wd:Q5)                                                                                |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | occupation (wdt:P106)            | actor (wd:Q33999)                                                                            |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)          | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                           |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | given name (wdt:P735)            | Gerard (wd:Q1261347)                                                                         |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | date of birth (wdt:P569)         | 1969-11-13T00:00:00Z                                                                         |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Gerard Butler                                                                                |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerard%20Butler%20%2829681162176%29.jpg> |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | country of citizenship (wdt:P27) | United Kingdom (wd:Q145)                                                                     |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | family name (wdt:P734)           | Butler (wd:Q2664624)                                                                         |
| Gerard Butler (wd:Q169982) | place of birth (wdt:P19)         | Paisley (wd:Q211870)                                                                         |
| ...                        | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the list of properties and objects associated with Gerard Butler, it does not appear that there is a direct property linking him to the movies he has acted in. However, we can infer that the movies he has acted in might be listed under his roles or performances.

Since the direct properties did not work, let's try a more indirect approach by looking at the roles he has played and then finding the movies those roles are in. We can use the `wdt:P453` (character role) to find the roles he has played and then use `wdt:P161` (cast member) to find the movies those roles are in.

Here is the revised SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P453 ?role .
  ?movie wdt:P161 ?role .
}
```

Let's execute this query to see if it returns any results:

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
Despite trying multiple approaches, none of the queries have returned any results. This suggests that the data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to the movies they have acted in might be more complex or different from what we initially assumed.

Given that the direct and indirect approaches did not work, let's try a different strategy. We can use the `search_object_of_property` function to find movies that Gerard Butler has acted in by searching for movies that have Gerard Butler as a cast member.

I'll use the `search_object_of_property` function to find movies that Gerard Butler has acted in, but this time focusing on the movies themselves rather than the roles:

```json
{
  "name": "search_object_of_property",
  "arguments": {
    "kg": "wikidata",
    "property": "wdt:P161",
    "query": "Gerard Butler"
  }
}
```

[Tool]
Falling back to an unconstrained search on the full precomputed search indices:
Got more than the maximum supported number of object candidates (131,072)

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Gerard Butler, also known as Gerard James Butler (wd:Q169982): Scottish actor and film producer (born 1969), television actor, film producer, stage actor, film actor, lawyer, actor
2. Gerard A Butler (wd:Q11309355): horse trainer
3. Locky Butler, also known as Lochlann Gerard Butler (wd:Q125534277): Irish rugby union player, rugby union player
4. Gerard Butler/Shakira, also known as Saturday Night Live S35E4, Saturday Night Live, season 35 episode 4 (wd:Q110037076): episode of Saturday Night Live (S35 E4)
5. Michael Gerard Butler (wd:Q102340012): Ph.D. University of Michigan 1993
6. Butler, Edward Gerard (DNB00) (wd:Q19095193): entry in Dictionary of National Biography
7. James Robert Gerard Butler (wd:Q112436568): university teacher, economist
8. Gerard 't Hooft, also known as G. Hooft, Gerardus 't Hooft, Gerardus, G.W. 't Hooft, Hooft (wd:Q184592): Dutch theoretical physicist, theoretical physicist, university teacher, non-fiction writer, physicist, pedagogue, professor
9. Butler, also known as Butler, PA, Butler, Pennsylvania (wd:Q1017948): city and the county seat of Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States
10. Butler, also known as Butler, MO, Butler, Missouri (wd:Q955151): city in Missouri, United States

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant]
It seems that the `search_object_of_property` function is not providing useful results for finding movies that Gerard Butler has acted in. Given this, let's try a different approach by constructing a more comprehensive SPARQL query that explores the relationships between Gerard Butler and the movies he has acted in.

We can use the `wdt:P161` (cast member) property to find the movies Gerard Butler has acted in, but we need to ensure that we are correctly identifying the roles he played and the movies those roles are in.

Here is a more comprehensive SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 wdt:P453 ?role .  # Find the roles Gerard Butler played
  ?movie wdt:P161 ?role .      # Find the movies those roles are in
  ?movie rdfs:label ?movieLabel .  # Get the label of the movie
  FILTER(LANG(?movieLabel) = "en")
}
```

This query will find the roles Gerard Butler played and then find the movies those roles are in, while also retrieving the labels of the movies in English.

Let's execute this query:

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
Given that the previous attempts have not yielded any results, it seems that the data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to the movies they have acted in might be more complex than expected. Let's try a different approach by exploring the relationships more broadly.

One possibility is that the data might be structured such that the movies are linked to Gerard Butler through a different property or a combination of properties. Let's try a broader query that looks for any movies Gerard Butler has been involved in, regardless of the specific role or property.

Here is a more general SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q169982 ?property ?movie .
  ?movie wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .  # Ensure that the item is a movie
  ?movie rdfs:label ?movieLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?movieLabel) = "en")
}
```

This query will find any movies that Gerard Butler is linked to through any property and ensure that the item is classified as a movie.

Let's execute this query to see if it returns any results:

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
Given that the previous attempts have not yielded any results, it seems that the data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to the movies they have acted in might be more complex or different from what we initially assumed. Let's try one last approach by exploring the relationships more comprehensively.

We can use a broader query that looks for any movies Gerard Butler has been involved in, including any properties that might link him to the movies. Additionally, we can try to find movies that have Gerard Butler as a cast member directly.

Here is a more comprehensive SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  {
    wd:Q169982 wdt:P161 ?movie .  # Directly find movies Gerard Butler is a cast member of
  } UNION {
    wd:Q169982 ?property ?role .  # Find roles Gerard Butler played
    ?movie wdt:P161 ?role .       # Find the movies those roles are in
  }
  ?movie wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .      # Ensure that the item is a movie
  ?movie rdfs:label ?movieLabel . # Get the label of the movie
  FILTER(LANG(?movieLabel) = "en")
}
```

This query will:
1. Directly find movies Gerard Butler is a cast member of.
2. Find roles Gerard Butler played and then find the movies those roles are in.
3. Ensure that the item is classified as a movie.
4. Retrieve the labels of the movies in English.

Let's execute this query to see if it returns any results:

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
Given that all previous attempts have not yielded any results, it seems that the data structure in Wikidata for linking actors to the movies they have acted in might be more complex or different from what we initially assumed. Despite our efforts, we have not been able to find a satisfactory SPARQL query that retrieves the movies Gerard Butler has been in.

I will now cancel the process and explain why we could not find a satisfactory SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q145 wdt:P37 | wdt:P2936 ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}
LIMIT 100

Got 13 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| ?language                   | ?languageLabel  |
| --------------------------- | --------------- |
| Polari (wd:Q1359130)        | Polari          |
| Scots (wd:Q14549)           | Scots           |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English         |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English         |
| Welsh Romani (wd:Q2097387)  | Welsh-Romani    |
| ...                         | ...             |
| Scottish Cant (wd:Q3915671) | Scottish Cant   |
| Angloromani (wd:Q541279)    | Angloromani     |
| Irish (wd:Q9142)            | Irish           |
| Welsh (wd:Q9309)            | Welsh           |
| Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314)  | Scottish Gaelic |

Some of the major languages spoken in the United Kingdom include English (wd:Q1860), Scots (wd:Q14549), Welsh (wd:Q9309), Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314), and Irish (wd:Q9142).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what are the major languages spoken in the united kingdom?

[Assistant]
To answer the question about the major languages spoken in the United Kingdom, I first need to identify the entity representing the United Kingdom and the property that links countries to their spoken languages.

I'll start by searching for the entity representing the United Kingdom.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. United Kingdom, also known as U.K., UK, U. K., U K, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (wd:Q145): country in north-west Europe
2. United Kingdom, also known as U K, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, The UK, U. K., Great Britain and Northern Ireland (wd:Q145): country in north-west Europe
3. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as Great Britain and Ireland, UK, UKGBI, United Kingdom (wd:Q174193): historical sovereign state (1801–1922)
4. A United Kingdom, also known as United Kingdom (wd:Q21528200): 2016 film by Amma Asante
5. United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010, also known as United Kingdom (wd:Q974636)
6. United Kingdom (wd:Q108280869): 1989 studio album by American Music Club
7. Pedlars Act 1871, also known as Pedlars Act 1881, United Kingdom, (wd:Q55629342): 1871 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Act of Parliament 34 & 35 Vic c. 96
8. United Kingdom (wd:Q110577800): Manny Montes's single
9. United Kingdom (wd:Q7887906): album by Manny Montes
10. United Kingdom (wd:Q96412324)

[Assistant] The correct entity for the United Kingdom is `wd:Q145`. Next, I need to find the property that connects a country to its spoken languages. I will search for properties related to languages in the context of the United Kingdom.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as wdt/p): language designated as official by this item, language used
2. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as wdt/p): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
3. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
4. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
5. culture, also known as archaeological culture, civilisation, civilization (wd:P2596 as wdt/p): human culture or people (or several cultures) associated with this item, part of
6. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as wdt/p): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
7. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
8. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, attested in
9. Libraries Australia ID, also known as CNLKIN, NLA Kinetica Service identifier, NLA (Australia) identifier, NLA (Australia) ID, Libraries Australia identifier (wd:P409 as wdt/p): identifier issued by the National Library of Australia (see also...F component. Format: 1-12 digits, removing leading zero-padding.
10. religion or worldview, also known as believes, worldview, religious affiliation, religion or world view, religion (wd:P140 as wdt/p): religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property `wdt:P37` (official language) seems to be the most relevant for identifying the official languages spoken in the United Kingdom. However, it might not cover all major languages spoken there. To ensure we capture all major languages, I will also consider `wdt:P2936` (languages used).

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve both the official languages and the languages used in the United Kingdom.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Error while executing a SERVICE request to <http://wikiba.se:80/ontology#label>: SERVICE responded with HTTP status code: 301, Moved Permanently. First 100 bytes of the response: '<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently'

[Assistant]
It appears that the SERVICE request to `wikibase:label` is failing due to a redirect issue. Since we agreed not to use `SERVICE wikibase:label`, I will modify the query to directly fetch the labels using `rdfs:label` and place it within an optional clause to avoid affecting the main query results.

Let's try the updated query:

[Tool]
Got 13 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| ?language                   | ?languageLabel  |
| --------------------------- | --------------- |
| Polari (wd:Q1359130)        | Polari          |
| Scots (wd:Q14549)           | Scots           |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English         |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English         |
| Welsh Romani (wd:Q2097387)  | Welsh-Romani    |
| ...                         | ...             |
| Scottish Cant (wd:Q3915671) | Scottish Cant   |
| Angloromani (wd:Q541279)    | Angloromani     |
| Irish (wd:Q9142)            | Irish           |
| Welsh (wd:Q9309)            | Welsh           |
| Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314)  | Scottish Gaelic |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query returned a list of languages spoken in the United Kingdom, including both official and widely used languages. Here are some of the major languages:

- English (wd:Q1860)
- Scots (wd:Q14549)
- Welsh (wd:Q9309)
- Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314)
- Irish (wd:Q9142)

These results include both official and widely used languages in the United Kingdom.

Now, I will provide the final SPARQL query and the answer based on the results.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?causeOfDeath WHERE {
  wd:Q40933 wdt:P509 ?causeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?causeOfDeath rdfs:label ?causeOfDeathLabel
  }
  FILTER ( LANG( ?causeOfDeathLabel ) = 'en' ) .
}

Eva Peron died from cervix uterine cancer.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what type of cancer did eva peron die from?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to first identify Eva Peron's entity in the knowledge graph. Then, I'll look for the property that indicates the cause of death and check if it specifies the type of cancer she died from.

Let's start by searching for Eva Peron's entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Eva Perón, also known as Evita Perón, Maria Eva Duarte de Peron, Evita, María Eva Duarte de Perón, Maria Eva Duarte Peron (wd:Q40933): Argentine actress and politician (1919–1952), women's rights activist, trade unionist, stage actor, suffragist, politician, film actor
2. Eva Perón: The True Story, also known as Eva Peron, Eva Perón (wd:Q953441): 1996 film by Juan Carlos Desanzo
3. Fray Luis Beltrán, also known as Eva Perón, Eva Perón tanker, Fray Luis Beltrán tanker (wd:Q113059537): tanker
4. Eva Perón (wd:Q113030601): tanker
5. Hospital Lagomarsino, also known as Eva Perón (wd:Q5902632): hospital in Merlo, Buenos Aires
6. Uruguay, also known as Eva Perón (wd:Q113330807): 1951 passenger ship
7. Eva Perón (wd:Q47512378): painting by Boris Chaliapin
8. Estadio Eva Perón, also known as Estadio Eva Peron (wd:Q5400194): football stadium in Junín, Argentina
9. Puerto Eva Perón (wd:Q972928): ciudad en la provincia de Chaco, Argentina
10. Eva Perón Foundation (wd:Q2004004): former Argentine foundation

[Assistant] The correct entity for Eva Peron is `wd:Q40933`. Now, I need to find the property that indicates the cause of death. I will use the `search_property` function to find a property related to the cause of death.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
2. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
3. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
4. number of deaths, also known as dead, qty fatalities, qty deaths, number of fatalities, fatalities (wd:P1120 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): total (cumulative) number of people who died since start as a direct result of an event or cause
5. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
6. case fatality rate, also known as fatality rate, CFR, case fatality ratio, case fatality, case fatality risk (wd:P3457 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): proportion of patients who die of a particular medical condition out of all who have this condition within a given time frame
7. death rate, also known as mortality rate (wd:P10091 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): the total number of persons dead per 1,000 population per year
8. killed by, also known as slaughtered by, slain by, shot dead by, murderer, murdered by (wd:P157 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): person or organization who killed the subject, significant person
9. has effect, also known as has symptom, implies, leads to, led to, outcome (wd:P1542 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): effect of this item, followed by
10. category for deaths in this time period (wd:P12687 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): category item for people who died in this time period, point in time

[Assistant] The property `wdt:P509` represents the cause of death. Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the cause of Eva Peron's death.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?causeOfDeath                      |
| ---------------------------------- |
| cervix uterine cancer (wd:Q160105) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query returned that Eva Peron died from cervix uterine cancer (wd:Q160105).

Now, I will provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  {
    wd:Q408 wdt:P37 ?language .
  } UNION {
    wd:Q408 wdt:P1412 ?language .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
}

People in Australia speak Auslan (wd:Q29525) and Australian English (wd:Q44679).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what do people in australia speak?

[Assistant] To answer the question about what languages people in Australia speak, I need to identify the country Australia and the property that links a country to the languages spoken there. I'll start by searching for the entity representing Australia.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Australia, also known as AU, The Commonwealth of Australia, Stria, Straya, Stralia (wd:Q408): country in Oceania
2. Australian continent, also known as New Holland, Sahul, Nova Hollandia, Meganesia, Australinea (wd:Q3960): continent in the Earth's Southern Hemisphere
3. Australia (wd:Q275180): 2008 film by Baz Luhrmann
4. Australia (wd:Q205546): 1989 film by Jean-Jacques Andrien
5. Australia (wd:Q4823546): 1996 single by Manic Street Preachers
6. Australia (wd:Q781244): board game
7. Australia (wd:Q16835533): Racehorse
8. Australia, also known as Australia (KA–5) (wd:Q4823541): yacht that raced in the Americas Cup
9. Australia (wd:Q4823543): 2000 album by Howie Day
10. Australia (wd:Q25907685): albedo feature on the planet Mercury

[Assistant] The first result is the correct entity for Australia, which has the identifier `wd:Q408`. Next, I need to find the property that connects a country to the languages spoken there. I will search for properties related to languages spoken in a country.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
2. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language designated as official by this item, language used
3. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
4. number of speakers, writers, or signers, also known as signers of a language, speakers of language, writers of a language (wd:P1098 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): number of people who use a language
5. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
6. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
7. language style, also known as manner, term register, obsolete, register, sense register (wd:P6191 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): to denote of the way a sense of a word is used, e.g., slang, vulgarism, babytalk, colloquialism, etc.
8. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed
9. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
10. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale

[Assistant] The property `wdt:P1412` (languages spoken, written or signed) seems to be the most appropriate for identifying the languages spoken in a country. Now I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the languages spoken in Australia using these entities and properties.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] It appears that the direct query using `wdt:P1412` did not return any results. This might be because the property is not directly used for countries. Instead, it might be used for people or ethnic groups. Let me try another approach by looking at the official languages of Australia, which could be found using the property `wdt:P37` (official language).

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| ?language                      |
| ------------------------------ |
| Auslan (wd:Q29525)             |
| Australian English (wd:Q44679) |

[Assistant]
The query returned two languages: Auslan and Australian English. These are the official languages of Australia according to the data. However, it's worth noting that there might be other commonly spoken languages in Australia that aren't listed as official languages. To provide a more comprehensive answer, I will include both the official languages and any other languages spoken in Australia.

Let's refine the query to include both the official languages (`wdt:P37`) and the languages spoken, written, or signed (`wdt:P1412`).

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| ?language                      |
| ------------------------------ |
| Auslan (wd:Q29525)             |
| Australian English (wd:Q44679) |

[Assistant]
The refined query still returns only two languages: Auslan and Australian English. Since the query did not return additional languages, it seems that the data available in Wikidata for languages spoken in Australia is limited to these two official languages.

I will now provide the final SPARQL query and the answer based on the results obtained.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?currency WHERE {
  wd:Q38 wdt:P38 ?currency .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?currency rdfs:label ?currencyLabel
  }
  FILTER ( LANG( ?currencyLabel ) = 'it' )
}

Money in Italy is called the Euro.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is money called in italy?

[Assistant] To answer the question "What is money called in Italy?", I need to find out what the currency of Italy is. I'll start by searching for the property that represents the currency of a country in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. currency, also known as base currency, used money (wd:P38 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): currency used by item, uses
2. ISO 4217 code, also known as currency code, ISO 4217, ISO 4217 alphabetic code, ISO currency code (wd:P498 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): identifier for a currency per ISO 4217
3. price, also known as cost, exchange rate, list price, MSRP, published price (wd:P2284 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): published price listed or paid for a product (use with unit of currency)
4. prize money, also known as money, purse, value (wd:P2121 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): amount in a specific currency
5. cash (wd:P2232 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): the value of cash and securities held by a state government
6. currency symbol description (wd:P489 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): item with description of currency symbol, notation
7. face value, also known as coin value, numeric value of coin, value of coin (wd:P3934 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): value printed on a coin, stamp or banknote by the issuing authority
8. quantity, also known as amount, total number, total, qty, occurrences (wd:P1114 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): number of instances of this subject in the universe of the subje...e actual number of instances in Wikidata may be lower or higher)
9. item of property constraint, also known as claim value, value, qid, property value, item qualifier (wd:P2305 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with "property constraint" (P2302)
10. numeric value, also known as numerical value, value (wd:P1181 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): numerical value of a number, a mathematical constant, or a physical constant

[Assistant] The property "currency" (wd:P38) seems to be the correct one to use for finding out the currency of a country. Next, I will search for Italy in Wikidata to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Italy, also known as Italia, Republic of Italy, Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic, ITA (wd:Q38): country in Southern Europe
2. Italian Peninsula, also known as Apennine Peninsula, Italic Peninsula, Italy, lo Stivale, península Itálica (wd:Q145694): peninsula of southern Europe
3. Kingdom of Italy, also known as IT, Italy, Regno d’Italia (wd:Q172579): kingdom in Southern Europe from 1861 to 1946
4. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, Regno d'Italia, Royaume d’Italie, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q223936): kingdom in southern Europe between 1805 and 1814
5. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italian Kingdom, Italy, Regnum Italiae, Regnum Italicorum, Regnum Italicum (wd:Q838931): (817–1014) constituent kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire
6. Italy, also known as Italy, Texas, Italy, TX (wd:Q977238): town in Ellis County, Texas, United States
7. Italy, also known as Italy, NY (wd:Q3708720): town in New York
8. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Regnum Italicum, Regno d'Italia, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q5343710): kingdom in Southern Europe between 781 and 962
9. Pessione, also known as Italy (wd:Q2028109): human settlement in Chieri, Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, Italy
10. Archivio di Stato di Parma, also known as archiviodistatoparma.beniculturali.it, Italy, Parma State Archive, Parma State Archives, State Archive of Parma (wd:Q3621658): archives in Italy

[Assistant] The correct entity for Italy is wd:Q38. Now I will construct a SPARQL query to find out the currency of Italy using the property "currency" (wd:P38).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| ?currency       |
| --------------- |
| Euro (wd:Q4916) |

[Assistant] The currency of Italy is the Euro (wd:Q4916). Therefore, the answer to the question "What is money called in Italy?" is the Euro.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ?wife ?wifeLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q34969 wdt:P26 ?wife .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?wife rdfs:label ?wifeLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?wifeLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Deborah Read Franklin

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was the name of benjamin franklin wife?

[Assistant]
To answer the question about Benjamin Franklin's wife, I first need to identify Benjamin Franklin's entity in the Wikidata knowledge graph. Then, I will look for the property that represents a spouse relationship and use it to find his wife's entity. Finally, I will retrieve her name.

Let's start by searching for Benjamin Franklin's entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Benjamin Franklin, also known as The First American, Silence Dogood, Poor Richard, Ben Franklin, Franklin (wd:Q34969): American polymath and statesman (1706–1790), politician, polymath, diplomat, writer
2. Benjamin Franklin, also known as The First American, Silence Dogood, Poor Richard, Franklin, Ben Franklin (wd:Q34969): American polymath and statesman (1706–1790), politician, polymath, diplomat, writer
3. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Franklin Statue (wd:Q4888607): statue in Washington, D.C.
4. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as statue of Benjamin Franklin (Boston), Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q49474378): statue in Boston, Massachusetts
5. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q23016654): sculpture in San Francisco
6. Benjamin Franklin, also known as Sir Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888611): military physician, British surgeon, surgeon
7. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888609): 1974 miniseries
8. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888604): 2002 television series
9. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888606): statue outside College Hall, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
10. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q22021867): statue in Portland, Oregon

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Benjamin Franklin is `wd:Q34969`. Next, I will search for the property that represents a spouse relationship in order to find Benjamin Franklin's wife.

I'll use the `search_property` function to find a property related to spouses.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. unmarried partner, also known as romantic partner, partner of, partners, posslq, relationship (wd:P451 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): someone with whom the person is in a relationship without being married. Use "spouse" (P26) for married couples, significant person
4. married name, also known as full name (married) (wd:P2562 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage, name
5. place of marriage, also known as marriage location, wedding location, wed at, married in, married at (wd:P2842 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): location where the marriage was celebrated. Use as qualifier for property "spouse" (P26), significant place
6. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
7. connects with, also known as contacts, couples with, intersects at grade, links to, mates with (wd:P2789 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): item with which the item is physically connected, physically interacts with
8. companion of, also known as has astronomical companion, has companion, companion, astronomic companion of, astronomic companion (wd:P399 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): two or more astronomic bodies of the same type relating to each other
9. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time
10. relation (wd:P2309 as pq/psn/pr/prn/pqv/psv/wdtn/pqn/wdt/p/ps/prv): qualifier to define a property constraint in combination with P2...h the property "relative" is "type of kinship" (P1039), not this

[Assistant]
The relevant property for finding a spouse is `wdt:P26`.

Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find Benjamin Franklin's spouse using the identified entity and property. After identifying his spouse, I will retrieve her name.

Let's execute the SPARQL query to find Benjamin Franklin's spouse.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Error while executing a SERVICE request to <http://wikiba.se:80/ontology#label>: SERVICE responded with HTTP status code: 301, Moved Permanently. First 100 bytes of the response: '<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently'

[Assistant]
It seems there was an issue with the SERVICE request in the SPARQL query. As per the guidelines, I will avoid using `SERVICE wikibase:label` and instead directly fetch the label using `rdfs:label` in an optional clause.

Let's adjust the SPARQL query accordingly and try again.

Here is the revised query:

```sparql
SELECT ?wife ?wifeLabel
WHERE {
  wd:Q34969 wdt:P26 ?wife .
  OPTIONAL { ?wife rdfs:label ?wifeLabel FILTER(LANG(?wifeLabel) = "en") }
}
```

I will now execute this revised query to find Benjamin Franklin's wife and her name.

[Tool]
Failed to call function execute:
failed to parse input: no matching token found from position 127: '\"en\") }
}'

[Assistant]
It appears there was an issue with the escaping of the double quotes in the SPARQL query. Let's correct the query and ensure proper escaping of the double quotes around "en".

Here is the corrected query:

```sparql
SELECT ?wife ?wifeLabel
WHERE {
  wd:Q34969 wdt:P26 ?wife .
  OPTIONAL { ?wife rdfs:label ?wifeLabel FILTER(LANG(?wifeLabel) = "en") }
}
```

I will now execute this corrected query to find Benjamin Franklin's wife and her name.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| ?wife                               | ?wifeLabel            |
| ----------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Deborah Read Franklin (wd:Q3020859) | Deborah Read Franklin |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query returned the result that Benjamin Franklin's wife was Deborah Read Franklin, whose Wikidata entity is `wd:Q3020859`.

Therefore, the answer to the question "What was the name of Benjamin Franklin's wife?" is Deborah Read Franklin.

I will now provide the final SPARQL query and the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process