PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  ?movie wdt:P161 wd:Q6107 .
  ?movie wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?movie rdfs:label ?movieLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?movieLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                                            | movieLabel                             |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------- |
| Thug Angel: The Life of an Outlaw (wd:Q11704796) | Thug Angel: The Life of an Outlaw (en) |
| Poetic Justice (wd:Q1537562)                     | Poetic Justice (en)                    |
| Straight Outta Compton (wd:Q18154625)            | Straight Outta Compton (en)            |
| Above the Rim (wd:Q2128630)                      | Above the Rim (en)                     |
| Biggie & Tupac (wd:Q2451402)                     | Biggie & Tupac (en)                    |
| ...                                              | ...                                    |
| Juice (wd:Q642419)                               | Juice (en)                             |
| Tupac: Resurrection (wd:Q749899)                 | Tupac: Resurrection (en)               |
| Tupac: Assassination (wd:Q7853467)               | Tupac: Assassination (en)              |
| Bullet (wd:Q911823)                              | Bullet (en)                            |
| Gridlock'd (wd:Q951966)                          | Gridlock'd (en)                        |

Tupac Shakur starred in the following movies: Thug Angel: The Life of an Outlaw, Poetic Justice, Straight Outta Compton, Above the Rim, Biggie & Tupac, Juice, Tupac: Resurrection, Tupac: Assassination, Bullet, and Gridlock'd.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what movies did tupac star in?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what kind of drugs does charlie sheen do?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q103939 wdt:P1050 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Charlie Sheen, also known as Carlos Irwin Estévez, Carlos Irwin Estevez, Carlos Estévez, Carlos Estevez (wd:Q103939): television actor, American actor, film producer, screenwriter, voice actor, film actor

Using properties:
medical condition, also known as disability, suffers from, suffer from, sickness, paralympic disability (wd:P1050 as wdt): any state relevant to the health of an organism, including diseases and positive conditions

Example 2:
Question:
where was the gettysburg war located?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q33132 wdt:P276 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Battle of Gettysburg (wd:Q33132): 1863 battle of the American Civil War

Using properties:
location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

Example 3:
Question:
what is the name of currency used in spain?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q29 wdt:P38 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain (wd:Q29): country in southwestern Europe with territories in Africa

Using properties:
currency, also known as base currency, used money (wd:P38 as wdt): currency used by item, uses

[Assistant] The examples show how to query for specific properties of an entity. Now, I will search for the entity "Tupac" to find the exact identifier for Tupac Shakur in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Tupac Shakur, also known as Tupac, Tupac Amaru Shakur, Makaveli, Tupac Omar Shakur, Lesane Crooks (wd:Q6107): American rapper (1971–1996), television actor, songwriter, film actor, lyricist, activist, writer, singer, rapper, actor, poet
2. Tupaç (wd:Q13207507): human settlement in Minzälä District, Tatarstan
3. Tupac (wd:Q56694162): given name
4. tupać (wd:Q109124857): entry of Polish etymological dictionary
5. Tupac (wd:Q19694412): Argentine supercomputer
6. Tupac (wd:Q131322757)
7. Túpac, also known as Túpac (family name), Túpac (surname) (wd:Q110874391): family name
8. Tupac (wd:Q37768448)
9. Tupac (wd:Q91876227): 2019 audio track by DaBaby
10. Tupac, also known as "They Got Money for War but Can't Feed the Poor" (wd:Q115681771): Painted electrical in Roxbury, Massachusetts

[Assistant] The entity for Tupac Shakur is wd:Q6107. Now I will search for properties related to movies or films for this entity to find the relevant property that indicates movies he starred in.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
2. Douban movie celebrity ID, also known as https://movie.douban.com/celebrity, https://movie.douban.com, https://m.douban.com, Douban person ID, douban.com person ID (wd:P5284 as p/wdt): identifier for a celebrity at the Douban movie website
3. Cinematografo.it name or company ID (new), also known as CineDataBase cast ID, Cinematografo.it cast ID (new) (wd:P11345 as p/wdt): Cinematografo.it name or company ID
4. TMDB person ID, also known as TMDb person identifier, the movie db person id, themoviedb.org person identifier, themoviedb.org person ID, The Movie Database person identifier (wd:P4985 as p/wdt): identifier for a person at The Movie Database
5. Ciné-Ressources person ID, also known as Cine person ID, Ciné-Ressources person identifier, cineressources.net person identifier, cineressources.net person ID, Cine person identifier (wd:P3204 as p/wdt): page of a person on the website "Ciné-Ressources"
6. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
7. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
8. MYmovies actor ID (former scheme), also known as MYmovies.it actor ID (wd:P4779 as p/wdt): identifier for an actor in MYmovies.it
9. IMDb ID, also known as IMDb identifier, Internet Movie Database identifier (wd:P345 as p/wdt): identifier for the IMDb (with prefix 'tt', 'nm', 'co', 'ev', 'ch' or 'ni')
10. Filmportal ID, also known as Filmportal (wd:P2639 as p/wdt): identifier of the German Filmportal.de

No other items found

[Assistant] The search did not directly return a property indicating movies Tupac starred in. I will try searching for properties related to "film" or "movie" for Tupac Shakur.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
2. Filmportal ID, also known as Filmportal (wd:P2639 as p/wdt): identifier of the German Filmportal.de
3. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
4. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as p/wdt): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
5. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
6. instrument, also known as uses this instrument, teaches instrument, instruments, plays this instrument, plays instrument (wd:P1303 as p/wdt): musical instrument that a person plays or teaches or used in a music occupation, uses
7. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
8. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
9. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as p/wdt): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
10. OFDb person ID, also known as OFDb ID, OFDb person identifier, Online-Filmdatenbank ID, Online-Filmdatenbank identifier (wd:P9404 as p/wdt): identifier for a person in OFDb (Online Filmdatenbank)

No other items found

[Assistant] The properties related to films for Tupac Shakur do not directly indicate movies he starred in. I will try a different approach by searching for movies where Tupac Shakur is listed as an actor. For this, I will search for the property "cast member" or "actor" and find movies with Tupac as the cast member.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. cast member, also known as feat., starring (film/play), film starring, starring, actor (wd:P161 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) and...use "recorded participant" (P11108) for non-fiction productions], significant person, performer
2. agent of action, also known as being done by, initiator, initiated by, done by, doer (wd:P12995 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): particular item that initiates this action or class of actions
3. performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject
4. agents of action have role, also known as actors have role, agent has role, agent of action has role, agents have role, done by agent(s) with role (wd:P12993 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): role that agents of this action take on in the context of this action
5. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
6. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
7. character role, also known as role, plays, performer of, as, acting role (wd:P453 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): specific role played or filled by subject -- use only as qualifier of "cast member" (P161), "voice actor" (P725)
8. describes actor of (wd:P12027 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): predicate sense whose actor (an agent or a cause—basically the instigator of an action) is denoted by this sense
9. notable role, also known as notable character role, notable for character role, notable for role (wd:P10606 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): role in a theatrical, motion picture, television, or other work that a performer is particularly known for, notable work
10. film crew member (wd:P3092 as ps/psv/wdtn/pr/p/wdt/pqv/prn/prv/pqn/pq/psn): member of the crew creating an audiovisual work, used for miscel... available: notably for cast member (P161), director (P57), etc., significant person

[Assistant] The property "cast member" (wdt:P161) is used to indicate actors in a film. I will now write a query to find movies where Tupac Shakur (wd:Q6107) is a cast member.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                                            | movieLabel                             |
| ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------- |
| Thug Angel: The Life of an Outlaw (wd:Q11704796) | Thug Angel: The Life of an Outlaw (en) |
| Poetic Justice (wd:Q1537562)                     | Poetic Justice (en)                    |
| Straight Outta Compton (wd:Q18154625)            | Straight Outta Compton (en)            |
| Above the Rim (wd:Q2128630)                      | Above the Rim (en)                     |
| Biggie & Tupac (wd:Q2451402)                     | Biggie & Tupac (en)                    |
| ...                                              | ...                                    |
| Juice (wd:Q642419)                               | Juice (en)                             |
| Tupac: Resurrection (wd:Q749899)                 | Tupac: Resurrection (en)               |
| Tupac: Assassination (wd:Q7853467)               | Tupac: Assassination (en)              |
| Bullet (wd:Q911823)                              | Bullet (en)                            |
| Gridlock'd (wd:Q951966)                          | Gridlock'd (en)                        |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves movies where Tupac Shakur is a cast member and ensures the items are instances of films. The answer lists the movies found in the query result with their English labels. The query follows the rules by returning identifiers and labels in an optional clause. The answer is complete and accurate based on the data retrieved. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie ?movieLabel WHERE {
  ?movie wdt:P161 wd:Q169982 .
  ?movie wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?movie rdfs:label ?movieLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?movieLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 100

Got 49 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                             | movieLabel                |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Fast Food (wd:Q10280250)          | Fast Food (en)            |
| Copshop (wd:Q103822078)           | Copshop (en)              |
| Plane (wd:Q108131599)             | Plane (en)                |
| Kandahar (wd:Q111940088)          | Kandahar (en)             |
| Last Seen Alive (wd:Q112343991)   | Last Seen Alive (en)      |
| ...                               | ...                       |
| The Ugly Truth (wd:Q922630)       | The Ugly Truth (en)       |
| Reign of Fire (wd:Q925384)        | Reign of Fire (en)        |
| Gamer (wd:Q947885)                | Gamer (en)                |
| Law Abiding Citizen (wd:Q951071)  | Law Abiding Citizen (en)  |
| Butterfly on a Wheel (wd:Q967489) | Butterfly on a Wheel (en) |

Gerard Butler has been in movies such as Fast Food, Copshop, Plane, Kandahar, Last Seen Alive, The Ugly Truth, Reign of Fire, Gamer, Law Abiding Citizen, and Butterfly on a Wheel, among others.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what movies gerard butler has been in?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is the bank of america pavilion?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q4856037 wdt:P131 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Leader Bank Pavilion, also known as Blue Hills Bank Pavilion, Rockland Trust Bank Pavilion, Bank of America Pavilion (wd:Q4856037): outdoor theater in Boston, Massachusetts

Using properties:
located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of

Example 2:
Question:
where is the columbia university located?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q49088 wdt:P131 ?x .
}

Using properties:
located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of

Example 3:
Question:
what does nick cannon play in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?x wdt:P161 wd:Q348533 .
}

Using entities:
Nick Cannon, also known as Nicholas Scott Cannon, Nicholas Scott "Nick" Cannon, Nicholas Cannon (wd:Q348533): American rapper, actor and comedian, television personality, music video director, television presenter, television producer, television director, radio personality, television actor, businessperson, film producer, film director, screenwriter, entrepreneur, voice actor, DJ producer, comedian, composer, rapper, actor

Using properties:
cast member, also known as feat., starring (film/play), film starring, starring, actor (wd:P161 as wdt): actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) and...use "recorded participant" (P11108) for non-fiction productions], significant person, performer

[Assistant]
From the examples, to find movies Gerard Butler has been in, we can look for movies where Gerard Butler is a cast member (property wdt:P161).

Next, I will search for the entity Gerard Butler in Wikidata to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Gerard Butler, also known as Gerard James Butler (wd:Q169982): Scottish actor and film producer (born 1969), television actor, film producer, stage actor, film actor, lawyer, actor
2. Gerard A Butler (wd:Q11309355): horse trainer
3. Locky Butler, also known as Lochlann Gerard Butler (wd:Q125534277): Irish rugby union player, rugby union player
4. Gerard Butler/Shakira, also known as Saturday Night Live S35E4, Saturday Night Live, season 35 episode 4 (wd:Q110037076): episode of Saturday Night Live (S35 E4)
5. Michael Gerard Butler (wd:Q102340012): Ph.D. University of Michigan 1993
6. Butler, Edward Gerard (DNB00) (wd:Q19095193): entry in Dictionary of National Biography
7. James Robert Gerard Butler (wd:Q112436568): university teacher, economist
8. Gerard 't Hooft, also known as G. Hooft, Gerardus 't Hooft, Gerardus, G.W. 't Hooft, Hooft (wd:Q184592): Dutch theoretical physicist, theoretical physicist, university teacher, non-fiction writer, physicist, pedagogue, professor
9. Butler, also known as Butler, PA, Butler, Pennsylvania (wd:Q1017948): city and the county seat of Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States
10. Butler, also known as Butler, MO, Butler, Missouri (wd:Q955151): city in Missouri, United States

[Assistant]
The entity for Gerard Butler, the Scottish actor and film producer, is wd:Q169982.

Next, I will write a SPARQL query to find movies where Gerard Butler is a cast member. The property for cast member is wdt:P161. I will query for movies (wd:Q11424) where Gerard Butler is a cast member.

[Tool]
Got 49 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                             | movieLabel                |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Fast Food (wd:Q10280250)          | Fast Food (en)            |
| Copshop (wd:Q103822078)           | Copshop (en)              |
| Plane (wd:Q108131599)             | Plane (en)                |
| Kandahar (wd:Q111940088)          | Kandahar (en)             |
| Last Seen Alive (wd:Q112343991)   | Last Seen Alive (en)      |
| ...                               | ...                       |
| The Ugly Truth (wd:Q922630)       | The Ugly Truth (en)       |
| Reign of Fire (wd:Q925384)        | Reign of Fire (en)        |
| Gamer (wd:Q947885)                | Gamer (en)                |
| Law Abiding Citizen (wd:Q951071)  | Law Abiding Citizen (en)  |
| Butterfly on a Wheel (wd:Q967489) | Butterfly on a Wheel (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves movies where Gerard Butler is a cast member and filters for instances of movies. The answer provides a representative list of movies he has been in, matching the query results. The query respects the requirement to return identifiers and labels and limits the results to 100, which is reasonable. The output is accurate, complete, and well-formatted for the user's question.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  {
    wd:Q145 wdt:P37 ?language .
  } UNION {
    wd:Q145 wdt:P2936 ?language .
  }
  ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
}

Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                    | languageLabel        |
| --------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Polari (wd:Q1359130)        | Polari (en)          |
| Scots (wd:Q14549)           | Scots (en)           |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English (en)         |
| Welsh Romani (wd:Q2097387)  | Welsh Romani (en)    |
| Cornish (wd:Q25289)         | Cornish (en)         |
| ...                         | ...                  |
| Scottish Cant (wd:Q3915671) | Scottish Cant (en)   |
| Angloromani (wd:Q541279)    | Angloromani (en)     |
| Irish (wd:Q9142)            | Irish (en)           |
| Welsh (wd:Q9309)            | Welsh (en)           |
| Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314)  | Scottish Gaelic (en) |

The major languages spoken in the United Kingdom include English, Welsh, Scots, Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Cornish, Polari, Welsh Romani, Scottish Cant, and Angloromani.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what are the major languages spoken in the united kingdom?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is the original mona lisa?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q12418 wdt:P276 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mona Lisa, also known as La Gioconda, La Joconde, Monna Lisa, The Mona Lisa (wd:Q12418): oil painting by Leonardo da Vinci, Louvre

Using properties:
location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as wdt): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

Example 2:
Question:
what songs did duane allman sing?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?x wdt:P175 wd:Q313820 .
}

Using entities:
Duane Allman, also known as Howard Duane Allman, Skydog (wd:Q313820): American guitarist (1946–1971), songwriter, guitarist

Using properties:
performer, also known as actor, sung by, singer, recording by, recorded by (wd:P175 as wdt): actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work, contributor to the creative work or subject

Example 3:
Question:
what is lil wayne real name?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q15615 wdt:P1477 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Lil Wayne, also known as Lil' Wayne, Tunechi, The President, Lil' Tunechi, Weezy (wd:Q15615): American rapper (born 1982), music executive, record producer, entrepreneur, songwriter, singer, rapper, actor

Using properties:
birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name

[Assistant] The question asks for the major languages spoken in the United Kingdom. To answer this, I need to identify the entity for the United Kingdom and then find properties related to languages spoken there. I will start by searching for the entity "United Kingdom" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. United Kingdom, also known as U.K., UK, U. K., U K, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (wd:Q145): country in north-west Europe
2. United Kingdom, also known as U K, The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, The UK, U. K., Great Britain and Northern Ireland (wd:Q145): country in north-west Europe
3. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as Great Britain and Ireland, UK, UKGBI, United Kingdom (wd:Q174193): historical sovereign state (1801–1922)
4. A United Kingdom, also known as United Kingdom (wd:Q21528200): 2016 film by Amma Asante
5. United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2010, also known as United Kingdom (wd:Q974636)
6. United Kingdom (wd:Q108280869): 1989 studio album by American Music Club
7. Pedlars Act 1871, also known as Pedlars Act 1881, United Kingdom, (wd:Q55629342): 1871 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Act of Parliament 34 & 35 Vic c. 96
8. United Kingdom (wd:Q110577800): Manny Montes's single
9. United Kingdom (wd:Q7887906): album by Manny Montes
10. United Kingdom (wd:Q96412324)

[Assistant] The entity for the United Kingdom is wd:Q145. Now, I will search for properties related to languages spoken in this entity. I will search for properties of the United Kingdom entity with a query related to "language spoken" or "major languages".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as p/wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used
2. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as p/wdt): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
3. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as p/wdt): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
4. spoken text audio, also known as audio description, spoken Wikipedia, spoken Wikipedia text audio, Wikipedia audio, Wikipedia spoken text audio (wd:P989 as p/wdt): audio file for the spoken work or Wikipedia article, including audio descriptions, audio
5. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as p/wdt): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)
6. pronunciation audio, also known as listen, audio pronunciation (wd:P443 as p/wdt): audio file with pronunciation, audio
7. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as p/wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
8. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
9. population, also known as inhabitants, human population (wd:P1082 as p/wdt): number of people inhabiting the place; number of people of subject
10. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

No other items found

[Assistant] The properties "official language" (wdt:P37) and "language used" (wdt:P2936) seem relevant to the question about major languages spoken in the United Kingdom. I will now query the major languages spoken in the United Kingdom using these properties.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| English (wd:Q1860) | English (en)  |

[Assistant] The query returned only English as the official language of the United Kingdom. However, the question asks for major languages spoken, which may include other languages besides the official one. I will refine the query to include languages used (wdt:P2936) and also check for any other languages spoken in the United Kingdom. I will query for both official languages and languages used, and also look for any languages spoken in the country.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                    | languageLabel        |
| --------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Polari (wd:Q1359130)        | Polari (en)          |
| Scots (wd:Q14549)           | Scots (en)           |
| English (wd:Q1860)          | English (en)         |
| Welsh Romani (wd:Q2097387)  | Welsh Romani (en)    |
| Cornish (wd:Q25289)         | Cornish (en)         |
| ...                         | ...                  |
| Scottish Cant (wd:Q3915671) | Scottish Cant (en)   |
| Angloromani (wd:Q541279)    | Angloromani (en)     |
| Irish (wd:Q9142)            | Irish (en)           |
| Welsh (wd:Q9309)            | Welsh (en)           |
| Scottish Gaelic (wd:Q9314)  | Scottish Gaelic (en) |

[Assistant] The query returned multiple languages spoken in the United Kingdom including English, Welsh, Scots, Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Cornish, and several Romani-related languages. These can be considered major languages spoken in the United Kingdom. I will now finalize the answer with these languages.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the major languages spoken in the United Kingdom by combining official languages (wdt:P37) and languages widely used (wdt:P2936). The query returns the language identifiers and their English labels, which aligns with the user's question. The answer lists the languages found in the query result, which is comprehensive and relevant. The query and answer meet the requirements and are accurate and complete.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?causeOfDeath ?causeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q40933 wdt:P509 ?causeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?causeOfDeath rdfs:label ?causeOfDeathLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?causeOfDeathLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| causeOfDeath                       | causeOfDeathLabel          |
| ---------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| cervix uterine cancer (wd:Q160105) | cervix uterine cancer (en) |

Eva Peron died from cervix uterine cancer.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what type of cancer did eva peron die from?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what form of government does afghanistan have?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q889 wdt:P122 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Afghanistan, also known as Affghanistan, Affghanisthan, Afghaunistaun, Affghaunistan, Afghania (wd:Q889): country in Central and South Asia

Using properties:
basic form of government, also known as form of government, government, type of government (wd:P122 as wdt): subject's government

Example 2:
Question:
what did maria theresa rule?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q131706 wdt:P97 ?p .
  ?p wdt:P17 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Maria Theresa of Austria, also known as Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina, Maria Theresa, Empress of Germany, Maria-Theresa Holy Roman Empress, Maria Theresa I, Empress of Austria Maria Theresia (wd:Q131706): ruler of the Habsburg Dominions (1717-1780), aristocrat, politician, monarch

Using properties:
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
noble title, also known as hereditary title, nobility title, peerage, royal and noble ranks, royal title (wd:P97 as wdt): titles held by the person

Example 3:
Question:
who nominated stephen g. breyer?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q11124 p:P39 ?p .
  ?p pq:P4353 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Stephen Breyer, also known as Stephen Gerald Breyer (wd:Q11124): US Supreme Court justice from 1994 to 2022, university teacher, politician, jurist, lawyer, judge

Using properties:
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as p): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
nominated by (wd:P4353 as pq): who nominated a person for an office or award; can be used as a qualifier

[Assistant]
The examples show how to query for specific information about a person using their Wikidata entity and relevant properties. For Eva Peron, I need to find her Wikidata entity and then find the property related to the type of cancer or cause of death.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Eva Peron" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Eva Perón, also known as Evita Perón, Maria Eva Duarte de Peron, Evita, María Eva Duarte de Perón, Maria Eva Duarte Peron (wd:Q40933): Argentine actress and politician (1919–1952), women's rights activist, trade unionist, stage actor, suffragist, politician, film actor
2. Eva Perón: The True Story, also known as Eva Peron, Eva Perón (wd:Q953441): 1996 film by Juan Carlos Desanzo
3. Fray Luis Beltrán, also known as Eva Perón, Eva Perón tanker, Fray Luis Beltrán tanker (wd:Q113059537): tanker
4. Eva Perón (wd:Q113030601): tanker
5. Hospital Lagomarsino, also known as Eva Perón (wd:Q5902632): hospital in Merlo, Buenos Aires
6. Uruguay, also known as Eva Perón (wd:Q113330807): 1951 passenger ship
7. Eva Perón (wd:Q47512378): painting by Boris Chaliapin
8. Estadio Eva Perón, also known as Estadio Eva Peron (wd:Q5400194): football stadium in Junín, Argentina
9. Puerto Eva Perón (wd:Q972928): ciudad en la provincia de Chaco, Argentina
10. Eva Perón Foundation (wd:Q2004004): former Argentine foundation

[Assistant] The entity for Eva Perón (the Argentine actress and politician) is wd:Q40933. Now, I will search for properties related to cause of death or type of cancer for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as p/wdt): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
2. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as p/wdt): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
3. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as p/wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
4. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as p/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
5. place of burial, also known as interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as p/wdt): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., location
6. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as p/wdt): work where this item is described, attested in
7. image of grave, also known as headstone picture, image of gravestone, image of cenotaph, image of grave, image of shrine (wd:P1442 as p/wdt): picture of a person or animal's grave, gravestone or tomb, image
8. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
9. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as p/wdt): date on which the subject was born, inception
10. religion or worldview, also known as believes, worldview, religious affiliation, religion or world view, religion (wd:P140 as p/wdt): religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "cause of death" (wdt:P509) is the most relevant for finding the type of cancer Eva Peron died from. I will now query the cause of death for Eva Peron (wd:Q40933).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| causeOfDeath                       | causeOfDeathLabel          |
| ---------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| cervix uterine cancer (wd:Q160105) | cervix uterine cancer (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the cause of death for Eva Peron using the property 'cause of death' (wdt:P509). The query returns the identifier and the English label for the cause of death, which is 'cervix uterine cancer'. The answer is accurate and complete based on the data from Wikidata. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and an optional label. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q408 wdt:P37 ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| language                       | languageLabel           |
| ------------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| Auslan (wd:Q29525)             | Auslan (en)             |
| Australian English (wd:Q44679) | Australian English (en) |

People in Australia speak Australian English and Auslan as official languages.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what do people in australia speak?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what influenced roy lichtenstein artwork?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q151679 wdt:P737 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Roy Lichtenstein, also known as Roy Fox Lichtenstein (wd:Q151679): American pop artist (1923–1997), architectural draftsperson, university teacher, jewelry designer, graphic artist, visual artist, scenographer, lithographer, printmaker, designer, sculptor, painter, artist

Using properties:
influenced by, also known as favorite player, has influence, informed by, role model (wd:P737 as wdt): this person, idea, etc. is informed by that other person, idea, etc., e.g. “Heidegger was influenced by Aristotle”

Example 2:
Question:
what was the political system in libya?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q1016 wdt:P122 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Libya, also known as LBA, ly, State of Libya (wd:Q1016): sovereign state in North Africa

Using properties:
basic form of government, also known as form of government, government, type of government (wd:P122 as wdt): subject's government

Example 3:
Question:
what language do argentina use?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q414 wdt:P37 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Argentina, also known as Argentine Republic, Republic of Argentina, Republica Argentina (wd:Q414): sovereign state in South America

Using properties:
official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used

[Assistant] From the examples, we see that the property "official language" (wdt:P37) is used to find the language spoken in a country. Now, I will identify the entity for Australia and then query the official language(s) spoken there.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Australia, also known as AU, The Commonwealth of Australia, Stria, Straya, Stralia (wd:Q408): country in Oceania
2. Australian continent, also known as New Holland, Sahul, Nova Hollandia, Meganesia, Australinea (wd:Q3960): continent in the Earth's Southern Hemisphere
3. Australia (wd:Q275180): 2008 film by Baz Luhrmann
4. Australia (wd:Q205546): 1989 film by Jean-Jacques Andrien
5. Australia (wd:Q4823546): 1996 single by Manic Street Preachers
6. Australia (wd:Q781244): board game
7. Australia (wd:Q16835533): Racehorse
8. Australia, also known as Australia (KA–5) (wd:Q4823541): yacht that raced in the Americas Cup
9. Australia (wd:Q4823543): 2000 album by Howie Day
10. Australia (wd:Q25907685): albedo feature on the planet Mercury

[Assistant] The entity for the country Australia is wd:Q408. I will now query the official language(s) spoken in Australia using the property wdt:P37.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| language                       | languageLabel           |
| ------------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| Auslan (wd:Q29525)             | Auslan (en)             |
| Australian English (wd:Q44679) | Australian English (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the official languages spoken in Australia by using the property for official language (wdt:P37) on the entity for Australia (wd:Q408). The result includes both Australian English and Auslan, which matches the provided answer. The query also optionally retrieves English labels for readability. The answer is accurate and complete given the data. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?currency ?currencyLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q38 wdt:P38 ?currency .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?currency rdfs:label ?currencyLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?currencyLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency        | currencyLabel |
| --------------- | ------------- |
| Euro (wd:Q4916) | euro (en)     |

The currency used in Italy is the Euro.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is money called in italy?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what country is the mekong river located in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q41179 wdt:P17 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mekong River, also known as Lancang Jiang, Mekong R., Mékong, Mekhong R., Mekhong (wd:Q41179): major river in Southeast Asia

Using properties:
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity

Example 2:
Question:
when did kings last win stanley cup?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  ?y wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q211872 ; wdt:P1346 wd:Q203008 ; wdt:P585 ?x .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?x )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Los Angeles Kings, also known as LA Kings (wd:Q203008): hockey team of the National Hockey League
Stanley Cup, also known as Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup, Lord Stanley's Cup, Lord Stanley's Mug (wd:Q211872): championship trophy awarded annually in the National Hockey League

Using properties:
winner, also known as nominee, prizewinner, titleholder, top dog, victor (wd:P1346 as wdt): winner of a competition or similar event, not to be used for awa...ssibly qualified with "for work" (P1686)) or for wars or battles, participating team, participant
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
point in time, also known as at time, as of, year, when, time of event (wd:P585 as wdt): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)

Example 3:
Question:
where was brad pitt born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q35332 wdt:P19 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Brad Pitt, also known as William Bradley Pitt, Brad Jolie-Pitt (wd:Q35332): American actor and filmmaker (born 1963), television producer, executive producer, television actor, film producer, film director, voice actor, film actor, producer, director, model, actor

Using properties:
place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

[Assistant]
The question is "what is money called in Italy?" which is asking for the name of the currency used in Italy.

Step 1: Identify the entity for Italy.
Step 2: Identify the property related to currency or money used in a country.
Step 3: Query the currency used in Italy.

I will start by searching for the entity "Italy" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Italy, also known as Italia, Republic of Italy, Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic, ITA (wd:Q38): country in Southern Europe
2. Italian Peninsula, also known as Apennine Peninsula, Italic Peninsula, Italy, lo Stivale, península Itálica (wd:Q145694): peninsula of southern Europe
3. Kingdom of Italy, also known as IT, Italy, Regno d’Italia (wd:Q172579): kingdom in Southern Europe from 1861 to 1946
4. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, Regno d'Italia, Royaume d’Italie, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q223936): kingdom in southern Europe between 1805 and 1814
5. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italian Kingdom, Italy, Regnum Italiae, Regnum Italicorum, Regnum Italicum (wd:Q838931): (817–1014) constituent kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire
6. Italy, also known as Italy, Texas, Italy, TX (wd:Q977238): town in Ellis County, Texas, United States
7. Italy, also known as Italy, NY (wd:Q3708720): town in New York
8. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Regnum Italicum, Regno d'Italia, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q5343710): kingdom in Southern Europe between 781 and 962
9. Pessione, also known as Italy (wd:Q2028109): human settlement in Chieri, Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, Italy
10. Archivio di Stato di Parma, also known as archiviodistatoparma.beniculturali.it, Italy, Parma State Archive, Parma State Archives, State Archive of Parma (wd:Q3621658): archives in Italy

[Assistant]
The entity for Italy is wd:Q38.

Next, I will search for properties related to currency or money used in a country. I will search for properties related to "currency" or "money" for the entity Italy (wd:Q38).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. currency, also known as base currency, used money (wd:P38 as p/wdt): currency used by item, uses
2. nominal GDP, also known as GDP, GDP, nominal, gross domestic product, nominal GDP, nominal gross domestic product (wd:P2131 as p/wdt): market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time
3. central bank (wd:P1304 as p/wdt): country's central bank
4. flag, also known as flag description (wd:P163 as p/wdt): subject's flag
5. VAT rate, also known as goods and services tax rate, GST, sales tax, taxation rate for sales, tax rate for sales (wd:P2855 as p/wdt): percentage value-added tax in this country or region. Do not use for sales tax. For specialised rates, use qualifiers
6. The New Yorker topic ID, also known as TNY ID, The NewYorker topic ID, New Yorker topic ID, NewYorker topic ID, newyorker.com (wd:P13317 as p/wdt): identifier of a topic on The New Yorker website
7. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
8. continent (wd:P30 as p/wdt): continent of which the subject is a part, located in/on physical feature
9. capital, also known as administrative seat, seat of government, seat, principal place, location of capital (wd:P36 as p/wdt): seat of government of a country, province, state or other type of administrative territorial entity
10. located in time zone, also known as TZ, time zone, timezone (wd:P421 as p/wdt): time zone for this item

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property for currency used by a country is wd:P38 ("currency").

Now I will write a SPARQL query to get the currency used in Italy (wd:Q38) using the property wd:P38. I will also include the label of the currency for better readability.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency        | currencyLabel |
| --------------- | ------------- |
| Euro (wd:Q4916) | euro (en)     |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the currency used in Italy by using the property 'currency' (wdt:P38) on the entity for Italy (wd:Q38). The query also optionally retrieves the English label of the currency. The answer 'The currency used in Italy is the Euro.' is accurate and matches the query result. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and optionally the label. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?spouse ?spouseLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q34969 wdt:P26 ?spouse .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?spouse rdfs:label ?spouseLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?spouseLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The name of Benjamin Franklin's wife was Deborah Read Franklin.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was the name of benjamin franklin wife?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where did matthias schleiden go to school?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q76747 wdt:P69 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Matthias Jacob Schleiden, also known as Schleiden, Schleid., Matthias Jakob Schleiden (wd:Q76747): German botanist and philosopher (1804-1881), university teacher, physiologist, philosopher, biologist, botanist

Using properties:
educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as wdt): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation

Example 2:
Question:
how many teams are there in the ncaa football?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( * ) AS ?x ) WHERE {
  ?p wdt:P361 + wd:Q271805 ; wdt:P527 ?x .
}

Using entities:
National Collegiate Athletic Association, also known as NCAA (wd:Q271805): American collegiate athletic organization

Using properties:
part of, also known as of, within, system of, subsystem of, subgroup of (wd:P361 as wdt): object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is alread... of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))
has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as wdt): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).

Example 3:
Question:
what was nelson mandela's religion?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  wd:Q8023 wdt:P140 ?x .
}

Using entities:
Nelson Mandela, also known as Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, Prisoner 46664, Rolihllahla Mandela, Rolihllahla, Father of the Nation (wd:Q8023): First President of South Africa and anti-apartheid activist (1918–2013), political activist, political prisoner, autobiographer, screenwriter, politician, lawyer

Using properties:
religion or worldview, also known as believes, worldview, religious affiliation, religion or world view, religion (wd:P140 as wdt): religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject

[Assistant]
The question is about the name of Benjamin Franklin's wife. From the examples, I see that to find a spouse or wife of a person, we need to identify Benjamin Franklin's entity in Wikidata and then find the property that relates to spouse or wife.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Benjamin Franklin" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Benjamin Franklin, also known as The First American, Silence Dogood, Poor Richard, Ben Franklin, Franklin (wd:Q34969): American polymath and statesman (1706–1790), politician, polymath, diplomat, writer
2. Benjamin Franklin, also known as The First American, Silence Dogood, Poor Richard, Franklin, Ben Franklin (wd:Q34969): American polymath and statesman (1706–1790), politician, polymath, diplomat, writer
3. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Franklin Statue (wd:Q4888607): statue in Washington, D.C.
4. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as statue of Benjamin Franklin (Boston), Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q49474378): statue in Boston, Massachusetts
5. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q23016654): sculpture in San Francisco
6. Benjamin Franklin, also known as Sir Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888611): military physician, British surgeon, surgeon
7. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888609): 1974 miniseries
8. Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888604): 2002 television series
9. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q4888606): statue outside College Hall, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
10. Statue of Benjamin Franklin, also known as Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q22021867): statue in Portland, Oregon

[Assistant] The entity for Benjamin Franklin is wd:Q34969. Next, I will search for properties related to spouse or wife for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as p/wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as p/wdt): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
3. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
4. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as p/wdt): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
5. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as p/wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
6. father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as p/wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
7. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as p/wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
8. mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as p/wdt): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
9. family name, also known as clan name, last name, surname (wd:P734 as p/wdt): part of full name of person, name
10. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country

No other items found

[Assistant] The property for spouse is wd:P26. Now I will query the spouse of Benjamin Franklin (wd:Q34969) using this property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| spouse                              | spouseLabel                |
| ----------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| Deborah Read Franklin (wd:Q3020859) | Deborah Read Franklin (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the spouse of Benjamin Franklin using the property wdt:P26 and returns both the identifier and the English label of the spouse. The answer 'Deborah Read Franklin' matches the query result and is accurate. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and an optional label. No further improvements are necessary.