PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( COUNT( ?award ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q242643 wdt:P166 ?award .
  FILTER ( ?award = wd:Q266012 )
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award 1 time.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How often did Naomi Novik win the nebula award?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Give me all Dutch parties.

SPARQL:
SELECT ?s1 WHERE {
  ?s1 wdt:P17 wd:Q55 .
  ?s1 wdt:P31 wd:Q7278 .
}

Using entities:
Netherlands, also known as 🇳🇱, the Netherlands, NL, nl, NED (wd:Q55): country in Northwestern Europe with territories in the Caribbean
political party, also known as political parties, parties (politics), party (politics), parties in politics, party in politics (wd:Q7278): organization that seeks to influence government policy and actio...nd be elected to directly take part on government or legislation

Using properties:
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 2:
Question:
In which city is the headquarter of Air China?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q51747 wdt:P159 ?uri
}

Using entities:
Air China, also known as CCA, Air China Limited, CA (wd:Q51747): flag carrier of the People's Republic of China

Using properties:
headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as wdt): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place

Example 3:
Question:
What are the official languages of the Philippines?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q928 wdt:P37 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Philippines, also known as ph, The Philippines, RP, Republic of the Philippines, Philippine Islands (wd:Q928): archipelagic country in Southeast Asia

Using properties:
official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the relevant entities and properties for our question. We are looking for the number of times Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award. Let's start by searching for the entities "Naomi Novik" and "Nebula Award".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Naomi Novik (wd:Q242643): science fiction writer, American writer, fantasy author, programmer, novelist, writer
2. Naomi (wd:Q2596433): Ruth's mother-in-law in the Book of Ruth
3. Naomi, also known as Trinity Starr, Trinity Fatu, Trinity, Nalgomi, Naomi Knight (wd:Q3119295): American professional wrestler, professional wrestler, celebrity, dancer, model
4. 6139 Naomi, also known as Naomi (wd:Q553669): asteroid
5. Naomi, also known as Naomi, PA, Naomi, Pennsylvania (wd:Q6964608): settlement in Pennsylvania, US
6. Naomi (wd:Q108444706): American television series
7. Novik (wd:Q1547078): 1911 Russian destroyer
8. Naomi, also known as Naomi (first name), Naomi (given name) (wd:Q18508449): female given name
9. Naomi (wd:Q6964620): novel by Junichiro Tanizaki
10. Naomi, also known as Florin Moldovan (wd:Q22957923): Romanian recording artist, songwriter and actress, songwriter, singer, actor

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nebula Award (wd:Q194285): literature prize for science fiction and fantasy works from the United States
2. Xingyun Award, also known as Chinese Nebula Award, World Chinese Science Fiction Association (wd:Q10891657): Chinese literary award
3. Nebula Awards 22, also known as Nebula Award Showcase (wd:Q30078063): 1988 anthology edited by George Zebrowski
4. Nebula Awards Showcase, also known as Nebula Winners, Nebula Award Stories (wd:Q28419278): series of annual science fiction and fantasy anthologies
5. Nebula Anthologies, also known as Nebula Award anthologies (wd:Q81185197): anthologies of Nebula-winning short fiction, along with a select...nners-up, published roughly annually since the award's inception
6. Nebula Award Weekend (wd:Q130712827): science fiction convention
7. Nebula Awards Weekend (wd:Q6985281)
8. Nebula Awards 20 (wd:Q30078081): 1985 anthology edited by George Zebrowski
9. Nebula Awards 21 (wd:Q30078078): 1986 anthology edited by George Zebrowski
10. Nebula Awards 23 (wd:Q30078049): 1989 anthology edited by Michael Bishop

[Assistant]
We have found the correct entities for "Naomi Novik" (wd:Q242643) and "Nebula Award" (wd:Q194285). Now, we need to find out how many times Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award. We will look for a property that connects Naomi Novik to the Nebula Award.

Let's search for properties related to awards for Naomi Novik.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as wdt/p): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
2. nominated for, also known as nominee for, shortlisted for, selected for award, selected for, nominee for award (wd:P1411 as wdt/p): award nomination received by a person, organisation or creative work (inspired from "award received" (Property:P166))
3. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt/p): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
4. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
5. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, attested in
6. given name, also known as name, proper name, personal name, middle name, forename (wd:P735 as wdt/p): first name or another given name of this person; values used with the property should not link disambiguations nor family names, name
7. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
8. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
9. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as wdt/p): date on which the subject was born, inception
10. educated at, also known as graduated from, graduate of, place of education, school attended, schooled at (wd:P69 as wdt/p): educational institution attended by subject, affiliation

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "award received" (wdt:P166) seems to be the most relevant for connecting Naomi Novik to the Nebula Award. Let's construct a SPARQL query to count the number of times Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award.

We will use the `COUNT` function to count the occurrences of the Nebula Award in the results.

Here is the initial SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT (COUNT(?award) AS ?count)
WHERE {
  wd:Q242643 wdt:P166 ?award .
  FILTER(?award = wd:Q194285)
}
```

Let's execute this query to see the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 0 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
The result shows that Naomi Novik has won the Nebula Award 0 times according to the data in Wikidata.

To ensure this is accurate, let's double-check by listing the awards Naomi Novik has received to see if there are any other relevant awards that might be related to the Nebula Award.

Here is the SPARQL query to list the awards Naomi Novik has received:

```sparql
SELECT ?award
WHERE {
  wd:Q242643 wdt:P166 ?award .
}
```

Let's execute this query to see the list of awards.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 1 column:
| award                                                         |
| ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Robert Holdstock Award for Best Fantasy Novel (wd:Q130987259) |
| Locus Award for Best First Novel (wd:Q2090893)                |
| Mythopoeic Awards (wd:Q243960)                                |
| Nebula Award for Best Novel (wd:Q266012)                      |
| Compton Crook Award (wd:Q5157154)                             |
| Geffen Award (wd:Q5530024)                                    |
| Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel (wd:Q607354)               |
| Astounding Award for Best New Writer (wd:Q958630)             |

[Assistant]
The list of awards Naomi Novik has received includes the "Nebula Award for Best Novel" (wd:Q266012). This suggests that while she has not won the general "Nebula Award" (wd:Q194285), she has won a specific category of the Nebula Award.

To get the exact count of times Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award for Best Novel, we need to modify our initial query to filter for this specific award.

Here is the updated SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT (COUNT(?award) AS ?count)
WHERE {
  wd:Q242643 wdt:P166 ?award .
  FILTER(?award = wd:Q266012)
}
```

Let's execute this query to see the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
The result shows that Naomi Novik has won the Nebula Award for Best Novel 1 time according to the data in Wikidata.

Therefore, the answer to the question "How often did Naomi Novik win the Nebula Award?" is 1 time.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

```sparql
SELECT (COUNT(?award) AS ?count)
WHERE {
  wd:Q242643 wdt:P166 ?award .
  FILTER(?award = wd:Q266012)
}
```

Answer: Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award 1 time.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns the accurate count of how many times Naomi Novik won the Nebula Award. The answer provided is clear and matches the result from the query.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?creator WHERE {
  wd:Q1211977 wdt:P170 ?creator .
}

The creators of the TV show 'Dinosaurs' are Michael Jacobs and Bob Young.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is the creator of the Dinosaurs tv show ?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who is the mayor of Paris?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q90 wdt:P6 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Paris, also known as City of Love, Lutetia, City of Light (wd:Q90): capital city and largest city of France

Using properties:
head of government, also known as head of national government, mayor, premier, president, prime minister (wd:P6 as wdt): head of the executive power of this town, city, municipality, state, country, or other governmental body, director / manager, chairperson

Example 2:
Question:
What languages are spoken in Pakistan?

SPARQL:
SELECT * {
  wd:Q843 wdt:P2936 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Pakistan, also known as Islamic Republic of Pakistan, PAK, pk, Republic of Pakistan (wd:Q843): sovereign state in South Asia

Using properties:
language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as wdt): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation

Example 3:
Question:
Who were the parents of Queen Victoria?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q9439 ?childof ?uri .
  VALUES ?childof {
    wdt:P22 wdt:P25
  }
}

Using entities:
Victoria, also known as Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, Victoria of the United Kingdom, Victoria Hanover, Alexandrina Victoria von Hannover, Victoria Alexandrina (wd:Q9439): Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901, monarch

Using properties:
father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as wdt): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for the TV show "Dinosaurs" and the property for "creator". Let's start by searching for the entity "Dinosaurs" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. television program, also known as TV show, television broadcast, T.V. show, T. V. show, TV programme (wd:Q15416): segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast on television
2. television series, also known as TV show, TV-series, television show, TV series (wd:Q5398426): connected set of television program episodes under the same title
3. Show TV (wd:Q2006738): Turkish television station
4. TV Show (wd:Q3281229): 2007 album by Sergey Lazarev
5. reality television, also known as reality TV program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q182415): genre of television programming that documents unscripted situations and actual occurrences
6. Showtime, also known as Showtime (TV network), Showtime TV, Showtime Networks, Showtime Entertainment, SHO (wd:Q23589): American premium cable TV channel
7. television presenter, also known as television anchor, TV show host, TV presenter, TV host, TV anchor (wd:Q947873): person who introduces or hosts television programs
8. variety show, also known as television variety program, television variety show, variety, variety entertainment, variety program (wd:Q336181): television genre characterized by a series of specialty acts such as music, dance, comedy, magic, acrobatics and ventriloquism
9. reality show, also known as reality television program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q3421644): television genre
10. television series season, also known as TV show season, TV series season, TV season, season of a TV show, television show season (wd:Q3464665): set of episodes produced for a television series

[Assistant] None of these options seem to directly refer to the specific TV show "Dinosaurs". Let me try a more precise search.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. television program, also known as TV show, television broadcast, T.V. show, T. V. show, TV programme (wd:Q15416): segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast on television
2. television series, also known as TV show, TV-series, television show, TV series (wd:Q5398426): connected set of television program episodes under the same title
3. Show TV (wd:Q2006738): Turkish television station
4. TV Show (wd:Q3281229): 2007 album by Sergey Lazarev
5. reality television, also known as reality TV program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q182415): genre of television programming that documents unscripted situations and actual occurrences
6. Showtime, also known as Showtime (TV network), Showtime TV, Showtime Networks, Showtime Entertainment, SHO (wd:Q23589): American premium cable TV channel
7. television presenter, also known as television anchor, TV show host, TV presenter, TV host, TV anchor (wd:Q947873): person who introduces or hosts television programs
8. variety show, also known as television variety program, television variety show, variety, variety entertainment, variety program (wd:Q336181): television genre characterized by a series of specialty acts such as music, dance, comedy, magic, acrobatics and ventriloquism
9. reality show, also known as reality television program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q3421644): television genre
10. television series season, also known as TV show season, TV series season, TV season, season of a TV show, television show season (wd:Q3464665): set of episodes produced for a television series

[Assistant] It seems like the search did not return the specific TV show "Dinosaurs" from 1991. Let's try another search with a slightly different query to see if we can find it.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. animated series, also known as cartoon series, animation show, animation series, animated show (wd:Q581714): episodic form of series of animated works
2. animated film series, also known as animated series (wd:Q56884562): series of animated films
3. Survivor Series (1991) (wd:Q80369): WWF's 1991 Survivor Series pay-per-view
4. 1991 World Series (wd:Q590944): 88th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series
5. X-Men, also known as X-Men: Animated Series (wd:Q4021197): Japanese anime television series
6. Spider-Man Animated Series, also known as Spider-Man, Spider-Man: The Animated Series (wd:Q3493433): 1995 video game
7. 1991 Japan Series (wd:Q4586909): baseball championship series
8. Barbaros (animated series), also known as Barbaros, Barbarossa (wd:Q119167511): Turkish animated television program
9. animated single series (wd:Q18651814): type of animation series
10. 1991 Caribbean Series (wd:Q16153949): 1991 baseball tournament

[Assistant] Unfortunately, the search did not return the specific TV show "Dinosaurs" from 1991. Let's try one more time with a more direct query to see if we can find it.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. 1991 ABC Championship (wd:Q3653618): international basketball competition
2. 1991, also known as MCMXCI, one thousand nine hundred ninety one (wd:Q2062): year
3. alphabet, also known as ABC, alphabetic writing system (wd:Q9779): standard set of letters present in some written languages
4. dinosaur, also known as dino, Dinosauria, dinosaurs (wd:Q430): clade of archosaurian reptiles (Archosauria)
5. American Broadcasting Company, also known as ABC, ABC (United States), ABC (United States of America), ABC USA (wd:Q169889): American broadcast television network owned by The Walt Disney Company
6. American Broadcasting Company, also known as ABC, ABC (United States), ABC (United States of America), ABC USA (wd:Q169889): American broadcast television network owned by The Walt Disney Company
7. abacavir, also known as {(1S-cis)-4-[2-amino-6-(cyclopro...-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl}methanol, Abacavir, ABC, ATC code J05AF06, ATCvet code QJ05AF06 (wd:Q304330): chemical compound
8. Australian Broadcasting Corporation, also known as ABC, ABC AU, ABC (Australia), ABC Australia, Australian Broadcasting Commission (wd:Q781365): state-funded independent national public broadcaster of Australia
9. ABC, also known as ABC programming language (wd:Q1057802): programming language
10. Agricultural Bank of China, also known as ABC (wd:Q26298): major bank in the People's Republic of China

[Assistant]
It appears that the search is still not returning the specific TV show "Dinosaurs" from 1991. Given that the show is a well-known animated series, let's try a more general search for "Dinosaurs TV show" and then filter by the year 1991 in the SPARQL query.

First, let's search for the entity "Dinosaurs TV show" again and see if we can find it.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. television program, also known as TV show, television broadcast, T.V. show, T. V. show, TV programme (wd:Q15416): segment of audiovisual content intended for broadcast on television
2. television series, also known as TV show, TV-series, television show, TV series (wd:Q5398426): connected set of television program episodes under the same title
3. Show TV (wd:Q2006738): Turkish television station
4. TV Show (wd:Q3281229): 2007 album by Sergey Lazarev
5. reality television, also known as reality TV program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q182415): genre of television programming that documents unscripted situations and actual occurrences
6. Showtime, also known as Showtime (TV network), Showtime TV, Showtime Networks, Showtime Entertainment, SHO (wd:Q23589): American premium cable TV channel
7. television presenter, also known as television anchor, TV show host, TV presenter, TV host, TV anchor (wd:Q947873): person who introduces or hosts television programs
8. variety show, also known as television variety program, television variety show, variety, variety entertainment, variety program (wd:Q336181): television genre characterized by a series of specialty acts such as music, dance, comedy, magic, acrobatics and ventriloquism
9. reality show, also known as reality television program, TV reality show, TV reality program, television reality show, television reality program (wd:Q3421644): television genre
10. television series season, also known as TV show season, TV series season, TV season, season of a TV show, television show season (wd:Q3464665): set of episodes produced for a television series

[Assistant]
It seems that the search is not returning the specific TV show "Dinosaurs" from 1991. Let's try a more direct approach by constructing a SPARQL query to find the TV show "Dinosaurs" and then filter by the year 1991.

We will use the property `instance of` (P31) to look for instances of TV shows and then filter by the title "Dinosaurs" and the year 1991.

Let's start with a basic query to find the TV show "Dinosaurs".

```sparql
SELECT ?show WHERE {
  ?show wdt:P31 wd:Q5398426 ;  # Instance of television series
        rdfs:label "Dinosaurs"@en .  # Label is "Dinosaurs"
}
```

We will execute this query to see if we can find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| show                    |
| ----------------------- |
| Dinosaurs (wd:Q1211977) |

[Assistant]
We have found the entity for the TV show "Dinosaurs" (wd:Q1211977). Now, let's find the creator of this TV show. We will use the property `creator` (P170) to find the creator.

Here is the SPARQL query to find the creator of the TV show "Dinosaurs":

```sparql
SELECT ?creator WHERE {
  wd:Q1211977 wdt:P170 ?creator .
}
```

Let's execute this query to find the creator.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| creator                      |
| ---------------------------- |
| Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) |
| Bob Young (wd:Q4934478)      |

[Assistant]
The creators of the TV show "Dinosaurs" are Michael Jacobs (wd:Q3308269) and Bob Young (wd:Q4934478).

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT ?creator WHERE {
  wd:Q1211977 wdt:P170 ?creator .
}
```

Answer: The creators of the TV show "Dinosaurs" are Michael Jacobs and Bob Young.

Let's finalize this with the answer function.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query successfully retrieves the creators of the TV show 'Dinosaurs' from Wikidata, and the human-readable answer accurately reflects the result.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  wd:Q551416 wdt:P276 ?location .
}

The Hambach Festival happened at Hambach Castle.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where did the Hambach Festival happen?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who is the governor of Texas?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q1439 wdt:P1313 wd:Q5589725 .
  wd:Q5589725 wdt:P1308 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Texas, also known as Lone Star State, US-TX, TX, Texas, United States, Tex. (wd:Q1439): state of the United States of America
Governor of Texas, also known as Governor of the State of Texas, Texas Governor (wd:Q5589725): head of state and of government of the U.S. state of Texas

Using properties:
position holder, also known as incumbent, noble title holder, office holder, position held by (wd:P1308 as wdt): persons who hold and/or held the position
office held by head of government, also known as title of head of government, position of head of government, office of head of government, head of government's office, position held by head of government (wd:P1313 as wdt): political office that is fulfilled by the head of the government of this item

Example 2:
Question:
What is the revenue of IBM?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?o1 WHERE {
  wd:Q37156 wdt:P2139 ?o1 .
}

Using entities:
IBM, also known as 18M, International Business Machines Corporation (Armonk, NY), International Business Machines Corporation, IBM Corporation, IBM Corp. (wd:Q37156): American multinational technology corporation

Using properties:
total revenue, also known as turnover, sales, revenue, income, gross revenue (wd:P2139 as wdt): income gained by an organization during a given time frame. Not to be confused with fiscal revenue

Example 3:
Question:
how much is the population densty rank of germany?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?country ) as ?cnt ) {
  ?country wdt:P31 wd:Q6256 ; wdt:P1082 ?population ; wdt:P2046 ?area .
  wd:Q183 wdt:P1082 ?germanPopulation .
  wd:Q183 wdt:P2046 ?germanArea .
  BIND( ( ?population / ?area ) AS ?density ) BIND( ( ?germanPopulation / ?germanArea ) AS ?germanDensity ) FILTER ( ?density > ?germanDensity )
}

Using entities:
Germany, also known as BR Deutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany (wd:Q183): country in Central Europe
country, also known as countries (wd:Q6256): distinct territorial body or political entity

Using properties:
population, also known as inhabitants, human population (wd:P1082 as wdt): number of people inhabiting the place; number of people of subject
area, also known as total area, surface area, surface, size, resolution (wd:P2046 as wdt): area occupied by an object
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

[Assistant] None of these examples directly relate to finding the location of an event like the Hambach Festival. However, we can infer that we need to look for an entity representing the Hambach Festival and then find a property that indicates where it happened. Let's start by searching for the Hambach Festival entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416): 1832 German festival
2. festival, also known as biennale, Fiesta Day, festivity, festival series, feast (wd:Q132241): organized set of events or activities focused on a theme (cultur...e.g. once a year) and lasts anywhere from several hours to weeks
3. party, also known as celebration, feast, festival, festivity, gala (wd:Q200538): social event
4. Hambach (wd:Q22391): commune in Moselle, France
5. Hambach, also known as Hambach (Diez) (wd:Q566907): municipality of Germany
6. Festival (wd:Q2443739): 1977 album from Santana
7. 120460 Hambach, also known as Hambach (wd:Q2641077): asteroid
8. Festival, also known as Festival Mushroom Records, Festival Records, FMR (wd:Q5445732): Australian record label
9. Festival (wd:Q5445695): 1996 South Korean drama film directed by Im Kwon-taek
10. Bumbershoot, also known as Seattle Arts Festival, Seattle Festival for the Arts, Mayor's Arts Festival, Festival, Bumbershoot: Seattle's Music & Arts Festival (wd:Q4997241): annual music and arts festival in Seattle, Washington, USA

[Assistant] The top result, wd:Q551416, seems to be the correct entity for the Hambach Festival. Now, let's find out what properties are associated with this entity to see if there is a property indicating the location of the festival.

[Tool]
Got 114 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                         | object                                                               |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | festival (wd:Q132241)                                                |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Hambacher Fest                                                       |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | location (wdt:P276)              | Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286)                                          |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | described by source (wdt:P1343)  | Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 4th edition (1885–1890) (wd:Q19219752) |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | start time (wdt:P580)            | 1932-05-27T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                  |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | participant (wdt:P710)           | Ludwig Börne (wd:Q213595)                                            |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q124651128                                                        |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | end time (wdt:P582)              | 1832-06-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                  |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | facet of (wdt:P1269)             | Vormärz (wd:Q700923)                                                 |
| Hambach Festival (wd:Q551416) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)           | /m/09bf2m                                                            |
| ...                           | ...                              | ...                                                                  |

[Assistant]
The property `location` (wdt:P276) is associated with the Hambach Festival, and its value is Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286). This indicates that the Hambach Festival took place at Hambach Castle.

To confirm this, let's construct a simple SPARQL query to retrieve the location of the Hambach Festival.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| location                    |
| --------------------------- |
| Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query confirms that the Hambach Festival took place at Hambach Castle (wd:Q523286).

Now, let's provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies the location of the Hambach Festival, which is Hambach Castle.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?domain ?domainLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q167685 wdt:P2925 ?domain .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?domain rdfs:label ?domainLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?domainLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| domain                    | domainLabel     |
| ------------------------- | --------------- |
| corridor (wd:Q1135449)    | corridor (en)   |
| time (wd:Q11471)          | time (en)       |
| dualism (wd:Q167312)      | dualism (en)    |
| doorway (wd:Q21263223)    | doorway (en)    |
| beginning (wd:Q529711)    | beginning (en)  |
| gate (wd:Q53060)          | gate (en)       |
| transition (wd:Q59627780) | transition (en) |
| sowing (wd:Q777671)       | sowing (en)     |

Janus is the god of corridors, time, dualism, doorways, beginnings, gates, transitions, and sowing.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What was Janus the god of?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
How many airlines are members of the Star Alliance?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) as ?c ) WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P114 wd:Q189709 .
}

Using entities:
Star Alliance, also known as Star Alliance Services (wd:Q189709): airline alliance headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany

Using properties:
airline alliance (wd:P114 as wdt): alliance the airline belongs to, member of

Example 2:
Question:
Which building after the Burj Khalifa has the most floors?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q12495 wdt:P1101 ?bkFloors .
  ?uri wdt:P1101 ?otherFloors .
  FILTER ( ?otherFloors > ?bkFloors )
}
ORDER BY ?otherFloors
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Burj Khalifa, also known as 1 Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Boulevard, Burj Dubai, Khalifa Tower (wd:Q12495): skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Using properties:
floors above ground, also known as floor count, stories, storeys, number of floors, levels above ground (wd:P1101 as wdt): above ground floor count of a building (ground floor and attic included)

Example 3:
Question:
Which book has the most pages?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q571 .
  ?uri wdt:P1104 ?number .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?number )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
book, also known as books (wd:Q571): medium for recording information (words or images) typically on bound pages or more abstractly in electronic or audio form

Using properties:
number of pages, also known as pagination, pp, pages, page count, numpages (wd:P1104 as wdt): number of pages in an edition of a written work; see allowed uni...t for valid values to use for units in conjunction with a number, number of parts of this work
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

[Assistant] None of these examples directly relate to our question about Janus, but they provide a good starting point for understanding how to structure a SPARQL query. Let's first search for the entity "Janus" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Janus, also known as Ianus Quadrifrons, Ianus, Ianus Bifrons, Ianuspater (wd:Q167685): Roman deity
2. Janus, also known as Saturn X, S/1979 S 2, S/1980 S 2, S/1966 S 2, S/1980 S 1 (wd:Q17754): moon of Saturn
3. Alec Trevelyan, also known as 006, Janus (wd:Q2832397): Bond Villain, terrorist, 00 Agent
4. Princess (chess), also known as janus, princess, NB, knight+bishop compound, knight–bishop compound (wd:Q646328): fairy chess piece that can move like a bishop or a knight
5. Janus (wd:Q14499258): genus of sawflies
6. Janus (wd:Q314214): German musical group
7. Janus (wd:Q38360520): two-headed tortoise
8. Janus, also known as Janus (first name), Janus (given name) (wd:Q12319119): male given name
9. Janus (wd:Q17015237): album by Boyfriend
10. Janus, also known as Aurora (wd:Q6155938): science fiction fanzine produced by Janice Bogstad and Jeanne Gomoll

[Assistant] The top result, "Janus" (wd:Q167685), is the Roman deity we're interested in. Now let's look at the properties associated with this entity to understand what Janus is the god of.

[Tool]
Got 503 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                        | object                                                                                |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | instance of (wdt:P31)           | liminal deity (wd:Q17064682)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)         | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | Commons category (wdt:P373)     | Janus                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | image (wdt:P18)                 | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Museo-etrusco-di-villa-giulia---giano%2032493359611%20o.jpg> |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | described by source (wdt:P1343) | Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary (wd:Q602358)                                                         |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | child (wdt:P40)                 | Fontus (wd:Q582918)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | father (wdt:P22)                | Saturn (wd:Q134388)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | different from (wdt:P1889)      | Janus (wd:Q14499258)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | spouse (wdt:P26)                | Juturna (wd:Q139448)                                                                                |
| Janus (wd:Q167685) | mother (wdt:P25)                | Hecate (wd:Q131575)                                                                                |
| ...                | ...                             | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
From the list of properties, we can see that Janus is an instance of a "liminal deity" (wd:Q17064682). To better understand what this means, let's look at the definition of "liminal deity" and also check if there are any specific domains or aspects that Janus is associated with.

First, let's search for the meaning of "liminal deity."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. liminal deity (wd:Q17064682): gods of transitions or gates
2. deity, also known as goddess, God, deities, god (wd:Q178885): natural or supernatural god or goddess, divine being
3. kami, also known as god, deity, spirit, Shinto spirit, Shinto god (wd:Q524158): divine being in Shinto
4. goddex, also known as deity, Xeity, xeity, Odity, odity (wd:Q130963731): a deity whose gender is unknown, non-binary, androgynous, or genderless
5. Deity (wd:Q60713375): Canadian band
6. Deity (wd:Q80023402): sculpture by unknown artist (1954.373)
7. Deity, also known as Naomi (wd:Q117454299): professional gamer, Canadian progamer
8. Deity (wd:Q102205584): book by Jennifer Armentrout
9. Deity (wd:Q100366769): painting by Rabin Mondal
10. Deity (wd:Q100355527): painting by Jamini Roy, Brush Drawing on Paper

[Assistant]
The top result, "liminal deity" (wd:Q17064682), provides a brief description: "gods of transitions or gates." This gives us a general idea of what Janus is associated with. However, to get more specific details about Janus, let's look for properties that describe his domains or aspects.

We can search for properties related to "domain" or "aspect" for the entity Janus (wd:Q167685).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. domain of saint or deity, also known as saint or deity domain, divine patron, sacred domain, patron saint of, patron of (wd:P2925 as wdt/p): domain(s) which this saint or deity controls or protects
2. Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID, also known as Encyclopaedia Britannica Online ID, Encyclopedia Britannica Online ID, EBID, EB ID, Britannica online ID (wd:P1417 as wdt/p): identifier for an article in the online version of Encyclopædia Britannica
3. Library of Congress authority ID, also known as LCSH Authority File ID, LC Name Authority ID, LCSH ID, LCSH LCCN, LC Subject Heading ID (wd:P244 as p/wdt/wdtn): Library of Congress name authority (persons, families, corporate...lowed by 8-10 digits (see regex). For manifestations, use P1144]
4. WorldCat Entities ID, also known as Entities ID, OCLC WorldCat Entities ID, WC Entities ID, WorldCat Entities identifier (wd:P10832 as wdt/p): identifier for a person, work, place, historical period, or event from the WorldCat Entities linked data service
5. NL CR AUT ID, also known as Czech National Authority Database, NLCR AUT ID (wd:P691 as wdt/p): identifier in the Czech National Authority Database of National Library of the Czech Republic (NL CR)
6. Online PWN Encyclopedia ID, also known as Internetowa encyklopedia PWN ID, PWN ID (wd:P7305 as wdt/p): identifier for an entry in the online release of the Online PWN Encyclopedia
7. iconographic symbol, also known as attribute, has attribute (wd:P4185 as wdt/p): identifying element typically depicted as accompanying or worn by this religious figure, hero, fictional or historical character
8. VIAF cluster ID, also known as VIAF, VIAF ID, VIAF identifier, viaf.org ID, Virtual International Authority File (wd:P214 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier for the Virtual International Authority File database...lease note: VIAF is a cluster, the ID can include multiple items
9. GND ID, also known as Deutschen Nationalbibliothek ID, Universal Authority File, Integrated Authority File, IndividualisedGnd, GND-IDN (wd:P227 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations
10. FAST ID, also known as Faceted Application of Subject Terminology ID, FAST subject heading, fst, worldcat.org/fast (wd:P2163 as p/wdt/wdtn): authority control identifier in WorldCat's “FAST Linked Data” authority file

No other items found

[Assistant]
The top result, "domain of saint or deity" (wd:P2925), seems relevant. Let's use this property to find out the specific domains or aspects that Janus is associated with.

I'll construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the domains of Janus.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 1 column:
| domain                    |
| ------------------------- |
| corridor (wd:Q1135449)    |
| time (wd:Q11471)          |
| dualism (wd:Q167312)      |
| doorway (wd:Q21263223)    |
| beginning (wd:Q529711)    |
| gate (wd:Q53060)          |
| transition (wd:Q59627780) |
| sowing (wd:Q777671)       |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned the following domains or aspects that Janus is associated with:
- Corridor (wd:Q1135449)
- Time (wd:Q11471)
- Dualism (wd:Q167312)
- Doorway (wd:Q21263223)
- Beginning (wd:Q529711)
- Gate (wd:Q53060)
- Transition (wd:Q59627780)
- Sowing (wd:Q777671)

To provide a more readable answer, I will include the labels of these domains in the final SPARQL query.

Let's update the query to include the labels.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| domain                    | domainLabel     |
| ------------------------- | --------------- |
| corridor (wd:Q1135449)    | corridor (en)   |
| time (wd:Q11471)          | time (en)       |
| dualism (wd:Q167312)      | dualism (en)    |
| doorway (wd:Q21263223)    | doorway (en)    |
| beginning (wd:Q529711)    | beginning (en)  |
| gate (wd:Q53060)          | gate (en)       |
| transition (wd:Q59627780) | transition (en) |
| sowing (wd:Q777671)       | sowing (en)     |

[Assistant]
The final SPARQL query has successfully retrieved the domains or aspects that Janus is associated with, along with their English labels. Here are the results:

- Corridor
- Time
- Dualism
- Doorway
- Beginning
- Gate
- Transition
- Sowing

Therefore, Janus is the god of corridors, time, dualism, doorways, beginnings, gates, transitions, and sowing.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query successfully retrieves all the domains associated with Janus, and the human-readable answer accurately reflects the result.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?location ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q153793 wdt:P937 ?location .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 12 (xsd:int) |

Georges Braque has worked at 12 different locations.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many locations has Georges Braque worked at (work location)?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
List all the musicals with music by Elton John.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q58483083 ; wdt:P86 wd:Q2808 .
}

Using entities:
Elton John, also known as Reggie Dwight, Rockaday Johnnie, Reg Dwight, Prince Rhino, Sir Elton Hercules John (wd:Q2808): British singer, songwriter and musician, HIV/AIDS activist, recording artist, keyboardist, film actor, composer, musician, lyricist, pianist, singer
dramatico-musical work, also known as musico-dramatic work, dramatic-musical work, dramatic musical work (wd:Q58483083): opera, musical play or show, revue or pantomime for which music ...ecially written; for ballet use "choreographic work" (Q58483088)

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as wdt): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator

Example 2:
Question:
Where did Abraham Lincoln die?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q91 wdt:P20 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Abraham Lincoln, also known as President Lincoln, Uncle Abe, Honest Abe, Abe Lincoln (wd:Q91): president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, military officer, statesperson, postmaster, politician, farmer, writer, lawyer

Using properties:
place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

Example 3:
Question:
In which country does the Nile start?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?res WHERE {
  wd:Q3392 wdt:P885 / wdt:P17 ?res .
}

Using entities:
Nile, also known as Bahr en Nīl, Nahr an Nil, Nahr an Nīl, Nile River, Nīl River (wd:Q3392): major river in northeastern Africa

Using properties:
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
origin of the watercourse, also known as headwaters, water source, water origin, water body origin, stream source (wd:P885 as wdt): main source of a river, stream or lake

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for Georges Braque and the property for work location. Let's start by searching for the entity Georges Braque.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Georges Braque, also known as george braque, George Braque, George B., Giorgio Braque, S Braque (wd:Q153793): French painter and sculptor (1882-1963), jewelry designer, scenographer, lithographer, draftsperson, printmaker, collagist, sculptor, designer, painter, artist
2. Georges Braque (wd:Q3102361): 1950 film by André Bureau
3. Braque, Georges (wd:Q103894433): encyclopedia article
4. Braque, Georges (wd:Q104007781)
5. Georges Braque (wd:Q110890954): 1949 exhibition at Museum of Modern Art
6. Georges Braque (wd:Q19887374): painting by René Robert Bouché
7. Georges Braque (wd:Q60308502): exhibition in Paris in 1908
8. Georges Braque (wd:Q60400752): 1919 exhibition in Paris
9. Georges Braque (wd:Q79875976): photograph by Man Ray (American, 1890-1976) (2019.26)
10. allée Georges Braque (wd:Q113370081): alley in La Courneuve, France

[Assistant] The first result is the correct entity for Georges Braque, the French painter and sculptor. Now let's search for the property 'work location'.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
2. employer, also known as working at, working for, working place, works at, works for (wd:P108 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): person or organization for which the subject works or worked, affiliation
3. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
4. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
5. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
6. in work (wd:P2553 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): qualifier of award received and nominated for (P1411) to specify...ominated creative work appeared causing the nomination/award win
7. present in work, also known as is shown in, in work, in narrative, character in, from work (wd:P1441 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person appea...r works, P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)
8. narrative location, also known as set in location, set in, setting, setting location, setting of work (wd:P840 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): the narrative of the work is set in this location, significant place, depicts
9. for work, also known as awarded for work, citation for award, for their work on, nominated for work (wd:P1686 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): qualifier of award received (P166) to specify the work that an award was given to the creator for
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant]
The property 'work location' (P937) seems to be the most appropriate for our query. Now, let's construct a simple SPARQL query to find the work locations of Georges Braque.

```sparql
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  wd:Q153793 wdt:P937 ?location .
}
```

I'll execute this query to see what we get.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| location                  |
| ------------------------- |
| Antwerp (wd:Q12892)       |
| Germany (wd:Q183)         |
| Florence (wd:Q2044)       |
| Rome (wd:Q220)            |
| La Ciotat (wd:Q231554)    |
| ...                       |
| Varangéville (wd:Q524836) |
| New York City (wd:Q60)    |
| Avignon (wd:Q6397)        |
| Venice (wd:Q641)          |
| Paris (wd:Q90)            |

[Assistant]
The query returned several locations where Georges Braque worked. To answer the question "How many locations has Georges Braque worked at (work location)?", we need to count these locations. We can modify the query to count the distinct locations:

```sparql
SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?location) AS ?count) WHERE {
  wd:Q153793 wdt:P937 ?location .
}
```

Let's execute this updated query to get the count.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count        |
| ------------ |
| 12 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant]
The query returned that Georges Braque has worked at 12 different locations.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT (COUNT(DISTINCT ?location) AS ?count) WHERE {
  wd:Q153793 wdt:P937 ?location .
}
```

Answer: Georges Braque has worked at 12 different locations.

Now, I will provide the final answer using the `answer` function.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns the expected result. It counts the distinct work locations of Georges Braque using the appropriate property (P937). The answer is clear and accurate.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?website WHERE {
  wd:Q30588383 wdt:P856 ?website .
}

The website of NPR's 'Tiny Desk Concerts' is <https://www.npr.org/series/tiny-desk-concerts/>.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the website of NPR's “Tiny Desk Concert”?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who wrote the book The pillars of the Earth?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q1163227 wdt:P50 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
The Pillars of the Earth, also known as The Pillars of the Earth (Kingsbridge, #1) (wd:Q1163227): 1989 novel by Ken Follett

Using properties:
author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as wdt): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator

Example 2:
Question:
How many programming languages are there?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?sub ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?sub wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q9143 .
}

Using entities:
programming language, also known as coding language, computer language, computer programming, computer programming language (wd:Q9143): language for communicating instructions to a machine

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 3:
Question:
Which classes does the Millepede belong to?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q11185669 wdt:P279 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
millipede (wd:Q11185669): common name of myriapods

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for "NPR's Tiny Desk Concert" and then find the property that links it to its website. Let's start by searching for the entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. NPR Tiny Desk Concerts (wd:Q30588383): video series of concerts held by NPR Music
2. Tiny Desk Concerts - Audio (wd:Q101367084): podcast from NPR
3. concert, also known as gig, live music, live concert (wd:Q182832): live performance of music
4. Nepalese rupee, also known as NPR, Rupee (1932-date) (wd:Q202895): Currency of Nepal
5. desk (wd:Q1064858): case furniture used as a worksurface, often in a home or office setting
6. concerto, also known as Concert (wd:Q9748): musical composition usually in three parts
7. NPR, also known as National Public Radio (wd:Q671510): American nonprofit media organization
8. Le Concert, also known as Concert (wd:Q1169399): 2009 film by Radu Mihăileanu
9. non-photorealistic rendering, also known as NPR (wd:Q259326): computer-graphics-rendering technique that does not aim toward photorealism
10. The Concert, also known as Concert (wd:Q20077964): 1921 film by Victor Schertzinger

[Assistant] The top result, "NPR Tiny Desk Concerts" (wd:Q30588383), seems to be the correct entity. Now let's look for the property that links this entity to its website. We can search for properties related to "website" or "URL".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official shop URL, also known as online store, shop, shop URL, store, store URL (wd:P10225 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): official URL where the agent sells products/merchandise, official website
2. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
3. title of broader work, also known as container title, website title (wd:P6333 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): title of website, journal or other work in which an article (or ...is published in. Use "published in" (P1433) instead if possible.
4. login URL, also known as sign-in URL, sign in URL, sign-in page, sign in page, login page (wd:P11903 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): URL of a webpage used to log into a service, URL
5. product or material produced, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, producer of (wd:P1056 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
6. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
7. sitemap URL, also known as sitemap xml, site map URL, sitemap (wd:P11212 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): URL to the sitemap of the subject's official website, URL
8. subreddit, also known as r/, reddit, Reddit community ID, Reddit forum, Reddit sub ID (wd:P3984 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): name of the Reddit forum associated to this subject
9. reference URL, also known as URL fonte, webref, URL ref, URL, site (wd:P854 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): should be used for Internet URLs as references. Use "Wikimedia import URL" (P4656) for imports from WMF sites, URL
10. URL, also known as Uniform Resource Locator, URLs, Uniform Resource Locators (wd:P2699 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): location of a resource

[Assistant]
The property "official website" (wd:P856) appears to be the most relevant for finding the website of "NPR Tiny Desk Concerts". Let's construct a SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

```sparql
SELECT ?website WHERE {
  wd:Q30588383 wdt:P856 ?website .
}
```

Now, let's execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| website                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------ |
| <https://www.npr.org/series/tiny-desk-concerts/> |

[Assistant]
The website of NPR's "Tiny Desk Concerts" is <https://www.npr.org/series/tiny-desk-concerts/>.

I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query returns the official website of NPR's 'Tiny Desk Concerts' as expected.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q794 wdt:P37 ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| Persian (wd:Q9168) | Persian (en)  |

The official language of Iran is Persian.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the official language of iran?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
How many children did Benjamin Franklin have?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) as ?c ) WHERE {
  wd:Q34969 wdt:P40 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Benjamin Franklin, also known as The First American, Silence Dogood, Poor Richard, Ben Franklin, Franklin (wd:Q34969): American polymath and statesman (1706–1790), politician, polymath, diplomat, writer

Using properties:
child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative

Example 2:
Question:
Who was the father of Queen Elizabeth II?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q9682 wdt:P22 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Elizabeth II, also known as Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom, HM Queen Elizabeth II, Lilibet, Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, Princess Elizabeth of York (wd:Q9682): Queen of the United Kingdom from 1952 to 2022, monarch

Using properties:
father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent

Example 3:
Question:
Who created Batman?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q2695156 wdt:P170 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Batman, also known as the Bat-Man, the Batman, the Caped Crusader, the Bat, Sir Hemingford Grey (wd:Q2695156): fictional character in DC Comics, chief executive officer, businessperson, martial artist, philanthropist, vigilante, detective, superhero

Using properties:
creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for Iran and the property for the official language. Let's start by searching for the entity "Iran".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Iran, also known as ir, IRI, IRN, Islamic Rep. Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran (wd:Q794): country in Western Asia
2. Qajar Iran, also known as Guarded Domains of Persia, Sublime State of Persia, Qajar Persia, Persia, Iran (wd:Q63158027): country in Western Asia (1789–1925)
3. Iran (wd:Q2043606): village in North Ossetia, Russia
4. Iran, also known as Īrān (wd:Q10859757): Iranian newspaper
5. IRAN, also known as Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies (wd:Q5973372): academic journal
6. Irane Man, also known as Iran (wd:Q100939484): 2018 studio by Homayoun Shajarian & Sohrab Pournazeri
7. IRAN (wd:Q108434787): herbarium
8. Iran, also known as Iran (first name), Iran (given name) (wd:Q21286079): male given name
9. Iran, also known as IMO 5327817 (wd:Q101778560): ship built in 1941
10. Iran (wd:Q96382820): About Iran

[Assistant] The correct entity for Iran is `wd:Q794`. Next, let's search for the property that represents the official language.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language designated as official by this item, language used
2. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
3. Ethnologue language status, also known as EGIDS, language status (wd:P3823 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language status identifier by Ethnologue.com using EGIDS scale
4. language regulatory body, also known as language authority, regulatory body (wd:P1018 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): regulatory body of a language
5. languages spoken, written or signed, also known as language of expression, language, wrote language, writes language, uses language (wd:P1412 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language(s) that a person or a people speaks, writes or signs, including the native language(s)
6. native language, also known as first language, L1 speaker of, language native, mother tongue (wd:P103 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language or languages a person has learned from early childhood, languages spoken, written or signed
7. language used, also known as languages used, medium of instruction, used language, uses language, working language (wd:P2936 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language widely used (spoken or written) in this place or at this event or organisation
8. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
9. programmed in, also known as language, programming language, written in (wd:P277 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): the programming language(s) in which the software is developed
10. writing language, also known as languages of writings, languages written, language written, writing languages, language of works (wd:P6886 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): language in which the writer has written their work, languages spoken, written or signed

[Assistant]
The correct property for the official language is `wdt:P37`. Now, let's construct a simple SPARQL query to find the official language of Iran.

```sparql
SELECT ?language WHERE {
  wd:Q794 wdt:P37 ?language .
}
```

I will now execute this query to get the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| language           |
| ------------------ |
| Persian (wd:Q9168) |

[Assistant]
The official language of Iran is Persian. To provide a more complete answer, I will include the label of the language in the query.

```sparql
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q794 wdt:P37 ?language .
  OPTIONAL { ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel . FILTER(LANG(?languageLabel) = "en") }
}
```

I will now execute this refined query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language           | languageLabel |
| ------------------ | ------------- |
| Persian (wd:Q9168) | Persian (en)  |

[Assistant]
The official language of Iran is Persian.

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q794 wdt:P37 ?language .
  OPTIONAL { ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel . FILTER(LANG(?languageLabel) = "en") }
}
```

And the answer is: **Persian**.

Now, I will provide the final answer using the `answer` function.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies the official language of Iran as Persian, and the human-readable answer is accurate.