PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?law ?lawLabel ?passedBy ?passedByLabel WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q7747 ; wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ; rdfs:label ?lawLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?lawLabel ) = 'de' && REGEX( ?lawLabel , 'Arbeitsschutz' , 'i' ) ) OPTIONAL {
    ?law wdt:P122 ?passedBy
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?law wdt:P123 ?passedBy
  }
  ?passedBy rdfs:label ?passedByLabel .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?passedByLabel ) = 'en' )
}

The information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph. Despite multiple searches and attempts to find the specific entity, the results did not yield the required information. The SPARQL queries also timed out or returned no results, indicating that the entity is not well-represented in the knowledge graph.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who passed the German Occupational Safety and Health Act?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Which airports does Air China serve?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q51747 wdt:P113 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Air China, also known as CCA, Air China Limited, CA (wd:Q51747): flag carrier of the People's Republic of China

Using properties:
airline hub, also known as hub airport, hub (wd:P113 as wdt): airport that serves as a hub for an airline

Example 2:
Question:
List all games by GMT.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q11410 ; wdt:P123 wd:Q928726 .
}

Using entities:
game, also known as games, plays and games, recreational game, recreational games (wd:Q11410): structured form of play
GMT Games (wd:Q928726): American board game publisher

Using properties:
publisher, also known as video game publisher, software publisher, comic book publisher, sheet music publisher, publishing house (wd:P123 as wdt): organization or person responsible for publishing books, periodicals, printed music, podcasts, games or software
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 3:
Question:
Give me the grandchildren of Elvis Presley.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?o2 WHERE {
  wd:Q303 wdt:P40 ?o1 .
  ?o1 wdt:P40 ?o2
}

Using entities:
Elvis Presley, also known as The King of Rock'n'Roll, Elvis A. Presley, King of Rock'n'Roll, Elvis, Elvis Aaron Presley (wd:Q303): American singer and actor (1935–1977), military personnel, military officer, philanthropist, film actor, composer, activist, singer, actor

Using properties:
child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as wdt): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative

[Assistant] None of these examples directly relate to the German Occupational Safety and Health Act or its passing. However, we can use the same structure to construct our query. We need to identify the entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and then find who was responsible for passing it. Let's start by searching for the entity representing the German Occupational Safety and Health Act.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Occupational Safety and Health Act, also known as Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, OSH Act, OSHA Act, OSHA-1970 (wd:Q912402): United States law
2. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q18899790): law of Taiwan
3. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q47502511)
4. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q68948513): scientific article published on 01 April 1972
5. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as OHSA, OH & S Act, Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act (wd:Q110542175): Ontario law enacted 1979
6. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as ZVZD-1 (wd:Q127329172): law of the Republic of Slovenia
7. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (wd:Q7075788): national law of Malaysia
8. Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (wd:Q60740074): South African statutory law administered by the Department of Labour
9. Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991 (wd:Q56750523): Act of the Parliament of Australia, no longer in force, registered as C2004A04105
10. Occupational Health and Safety Act NSW 2000 (wd:Q7075779): repealed statute of New South Wales, Australia

[Assistant] It appears that the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act is not listed among the top 10 results. Given the context, let's try a more targeted search by including "Germany" in the query to narrow down the results.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Occupational Safety and Health Act, also known as Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, OSH Act, OSHA Act, OSHA-1970 (wd:Q912402): United States law
2. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q18899790): law of Taiwan
3. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q47502511)
4. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q68948513): scientific article published on 01 April 1972
5. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as OHSA, OH & S Act, Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act (wd:Q110542175): Ontario law enacted 1979
6. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as ZVZD-1 (wd:Q127329172): law of the Republic of Slovenia
7. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (wd:Q7075788): national law of Malaysia
8. Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (wd:Q60740074): South African statutory law administered by the Department of Labour
9. Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991 (wd:Q56750523): Act of the Parliament of Australia, no longer in force, registered as C2004A04105
10. Occupational Health and Safety Act NSW 2000 (wd:Q7075779): repealed statute of New South Wales, Australia

[Assistant] Unfortunately, the search did not return the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. Let's try another approach by searching for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" which is the German term for the Occupational Safety and Health Act.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant] It seems that the term "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" did not yield any results. Let's try a broader search for "German labor laws" to see if we can find the relevant entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. German Labor Front (wd:Q312526): Association of employers and employees during the Nazi era
2. German Naval Laws (wd:Q316702): five separate laws passed by the German Empire
3. German Restitution Laws (wd:Q1005930): federal act/law
4. German Poor Laws (wd:Q5551196): Law
5. German Sterilisation Laws (wd:Q60264548): scientific article published in Nature
6. Labor laws unveiled (wd:Q74055253): scientific article published on 01 April 2002
7. Labor laws unveiled (wd:Q73395430): scientific article published on 01 March 2002
8. State labor laws (wd:Q70938088): scientific article published on 01 February 1968
9. State labor laws (wd:Q70924981): scientific article published on 01 December 1967
10. Labor jurisdiction (Germany), also known as Arbeitsgerichtsbarkeit (Deutschland) (wd:Q628054)

[Assistant] The search for "German labor laws" did not return the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. However, it did return some related entities. Let's try a more direct approach by searching for "Occupational Safety and Health" in the context of Germany.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. occupational health and safety, also known as WSH, work safety and health, work health and safety, WHS, OSH (wd:Q629029): area concerned with the safety, health and welfare of people at occupation
2. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q46154347): scientific article published in October 1975
3. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q56931190): article
4. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q69450179): scientific article published on 01 April 1989
5. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q74719223): scientific article published on 01 January 1979
6. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q79510649): scientific article published on 01 January 2003
7. Occupational Safety and Health (wd:Q57701688): article
8. Occupational Safety and Health (wd:Q95540422)
9. Occupational health and safety (wd:Q27038378): book
10. Occupational health and safety (wd:Q67711117): scientific article published on 01 August 1977

[Assistant]
None of the results from the search for "Occupational Safety and Health Germany" seem to match the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. Given this, let's try a different approach by searching for the entity "Germany" and then looking for properties related to labor laws or occupational safety and health.

First, let's find the entity for Germany.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Germany, also known as BR Deutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany (wd:Q183): country in Central Europe
2. Weimar Republic, also known as German Republic, Weimar Germany, Republic of Germany, Germany, German Reich (wd:Q41304): Germany in the years 1918/1919–1933
3. German Reich, also known as Deutsches Reich, German Empire, German Realm, Germany, Imperial Germany (wd:Q1206012): official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, and name of Germany until 1949
4. Burg Drachenfels, also known as Germany (wd:Q1011486): castle
5. Germany (wd:Q5552078): European Parliament constituency
6. Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg, also known as Germany (wd:Q2268218)
7. Germany, also known as Germany, IN, Germany, Indiana (wd:Q18151573): unincorporated community in Clark County, Indiana
8. Germany (wd:Q19147844): poem by Vladimir Mayakovsky
9. Germany, also known as Ludwig, West (wd:Q3839160): Hetalia character
10. Germany, also known as Germany, Texas, Germany, TX (wd:Q15221573): unincorporated community in Houston County, Texas, United States

[Assistant] The correct entity for Germany is `wd:Q183`. Now, let's look for properties related to labor laws or occupational safety and health that might be associated with Germany. We can use the `search_property` function to find relevant properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. affiliated worker organisation, also known as labor union, trades union, union, workers union (wd:P9239 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): organization representing workers in a specific company or organisation
2. laws applied, also known as applied law, law applied, legal base (wd:P3014 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): the constitutional and statutory provisions that were the primary basis for a decision or law
3. employees, also known as workers, staff, personnel, number of employees, employee count (wd:P1128 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): total number of employees of a company at a given "point in time...not deprecated rank). Add data for recent years, don't overwrite
4. floruit, also known as work period, living, known alive in, flourished, fl. (wd:P1317 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): date when the person was known to be active or alive, when birth or death not documented
5. law digest, also known as law summary, legal norm digest (wd:P9376 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): short text that summarizes a law, decree and other legal rulings, part of the preamble
6. employer, also known as working at, working for, working place, works at, works for (wd:P108 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): person or organization for which the subject works or worked, affiliation
7. form of creative work, also known as work type, work form, type of work, artform, type of reference work (wd:P7937 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): structure of a creative work
8. work location, also known as work place, working from, working at, worked from, worked at (wd:P937 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): location where persons or organisations were actively participating in employment, business or other work, significant place, location
9. in work (wd:P2553 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): qualifier of award received and nominated for (P1411) to specify...ominated creative work appeared causing the nomination/award win
10. present in work, also known as is shown in, in work, in narrative, character in, from work (wd:P1441 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): this (fictional or fictionalized) entity, place, or person appea...r works, P1343 for entities described in non-fictional accounts)

[Assistant]
From the list of properties, `laws applied` (wd:P3014) seems to be the most relevant for finding laws related to Germany. Let's use this property to find the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and then identify who passed it.

We will start by querying for laws applied to Germany.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the property `laws applied` (wd:P3014) did not return any results for Germany. Let's try another approach by searching for the entity "Occupational Safety and Health Act" and then checking if it is related to Germany.

First, let's search for the entity "Occupational Safety and Health Act" again and see if we can find a more specific entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Occupational Safety and Health Act, also known as Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, OSH Act, OSHA Act, OSHA-1970 (wd:Q912402): United States law
2. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q18899790): law of Taiwan
3. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q47502511)
4. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q68948513): scientific article published on 01 April 1972
5. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as OHSA, OH & S Act, Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act (wd:Q110542175): Ontario law enacted 1979
6. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as ZVZD-1 (wd:Q127329172): law of the Republic of Slovenia
7. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (wd:Q7075788): national law of Malaysia
8. Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (wd:Q60740074): South African statutory law administered by the Department of Labour
9. Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991 (wd:Q56750523): Act of the Parliament of Australia, no longer in force, registered as C2004A04105
10. Occupational Health and Safety Act NSW 2000 (wd:Q7075779): repealed statute of New South Wales, Australia

[Assistant]
None of the results from the search for "Occupational Safety and Health Act" seem to be the German version. Let's try a more specific search by including "Germany" in the query to find the German Occupational Safety and Health Act.

Let's search for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz Germany" to see if we can find the specific entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Germany, also known as BR Deutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany (wd:Q183): country in Central Europe
2. Weimar Republic, also known as German Republic, Weimar Germany, Republic of Germany, Germany, German Reich (wd:Q41304): Germany in the years 1918/1919–1933
3. German Reich, also known as Deutsches Reich, German Empire, German Realm, Germany, Imperial Germany (wd:Q1206012): official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, and name of Germany until 1949
4. Burg Drachenfels, also known as Germany (wd:Q1011486): castle
5. Germany (wd:Q5552078): European Parliament constituency
6. Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg, also known as Germany (wd:Q2268218)
7. Germany, also known as Germany, IN, Germany, Indiana (wd:Q18151573): unincorporated community in Clark County, Indiana
8. Germany (wd:Q19147844): poem by Vladimir Mayakovsky
9. Germany, also known as Ludwig, West (wd:Q3839160): Hetalia character
10. Germany, also known as Germany, Texas, Germany, TX (wd:Q15221573): unincorporated community in Houston County, Texas, United States

[Assistant]
It seems that the search for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz Germany" did not return any relevant results. Let's try a different approach by searching for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" alone and then checking if it is related to Germany.

Let's search for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" again.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant]
It appears that the term "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" does not have a corresponding entity in Wikidata. Given this, let's try a more general search for "German labor law" and see if we can find any related entities or properties.

Let's search for "German labor law" again.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Identification of Labor Relations in German Law (wd:Q119502449): scholarly article in Jinan Journal (Philosophy & Social Science Edition), no. 6, 2017
2. labor law, also known as employment law, labour law (wd:Q628967): mediates the relationship between workers, employers, trade unions and the government
3. law of Germany, also known as German law (wd:Q695742): positive law
4. German law (wd:Q883199): for law historians, the law that is based on Germanic ideas on law (as opposed to Roman law)
5. Labor Law, also known as n15 Sm15 Labor Law (wd:Q104710726): subject category of the 20th Century Press Archives
6. Labor law (wd:Q81804851): scientific article published on 01 July 2008
7. labor law (wd:L992052-S2)
8. labor law (wd:L992051-S2)
9. German Labor Front (wd:Q312526): Association of employers and employees during the Nazi era
10. United States labor law, also known as labor law in the United States, US labor law (wd:Q3039782): labor law in the USA

[Assistant]
The search for "German labor law" did not return a specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. However, it did return some related entities. Let's focus on the entity "law of Germany" (wd:Q695742) and see if we can find any properties related to specific laws or acts.

Let's search for properties related to "law of Germany" to see if we can find a property that might lead us to the German Occupational Safety and Health Act.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as wdt/p): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
2. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt/p): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
3. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
4. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
5. facet of, also known as subitem of, topic of, subtopic of, subject in, section in (wd:P1269 as wdt/p): topic of which this item is an aspect; item that offers a broader perspective on the same topic
6. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
7. Freebase ID, also known as Freebase, MID, Freebase identifier, FID (wd:P646 as wdt/p): identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: "/m/0" f...r IDs starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
8. Microsoft Academic ID, also known as MS Academic ID, Microsoft ID, Microsoft Academic Work ID, Microsoft Academic topic ID, Microsoft Academic Source ID (wd:P6366 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier for an object or topic in the Microsoft Academic Graph (until 31 December 2021)
9. Commons category, also known as category on Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons category, Wikimedia Commons cat, Commons cat, commonscat (wd:P373 as wdt/p): name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category:")

No other items found

[Assistant]
The properties related to "law of Germany" (wd:Q695742) do not seem to directly point to specific acts or laws. Let's try a different approach by searching for the entity "Occupational Safety and Health" and then checking if it is related to Germany.

Let's search for "Occupational Safety and Health" and see if we can find any related entities or properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. occupational health and safety, also known as WSH, work safety and health, work health and safety, WHS, OSH (wd:Q629029): area concerned with the safety, health and welfare of people at occupation
2. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q46154347): scientific article published in October 1975
3. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q56931190): article
4. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q69450179): scientific article published on 01 April 1989
5. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q74719223): scientific article published on 01 January 1979
6. Occupational safety and health (wd:Q79510649): scientific article published on 01 January 2003
7. Occupational Safety and Health (wd:Q57701688): article
8. Occupational Safety and Health (wd:Q95540422)
9. Occupational health and safety (wd:Q27038378): book
10. Occupational health and safety (wd:Q67711117): scientific article published on 01 August 1977

[Assistant]
The search for "Occupational Safety and Health" did not return the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. However, the first result, "occupational health and safety" (wd:Q629029), is a general concept that might be related to the specific act.

Let's check if this general concept is related to Germany by looking for properties that might link it to Germany or specific laws.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. GND ID, also known as Deutschen Nationalbibliothek ID, Universal Authority File, Integrated Authority File, IndividualisedGnd, GND-IDN (wd:P227 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations
2. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, attested in
3. Microsoft Academic ID, also known as MS Academic ID, Microsoft ID, Microsoft Academic Work ID, Microsoft Academic topic ID, Microsoft Academic Source ID (wd:P6366 as p/wdt/wdtn): identifier for an object or topic in the Microsoft Academic Graph (until 31 December 2021)
4. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
5. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as wdt/p): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
6. different from, also known as not to be confused with, to be distinguished from, similar to, see also, rejected match (wd:P1889 as wdt/p): item that is different from another item, with which it may be confused
7. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
8. Freebase ID, also known as Freebase, MID, Freebase identifier, FID (wd:P646 as wdt/p): identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: "/m/0" f...r IDs starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
9. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
10. practiced by, also known as proponent, studied by, practitioners, practioner, occupation of this field (wd:P3095 as wdt/p): type of agents that study this subject or work in this field

No other items found

[Assistant]
The properties related to "occupational health and safety" (wd:Q629029) do not seem to directly link it to Germany or specific laws. Given this, it appears that the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act is not well-represented in Wikidata.

Since we have exhausted the available methods to find the specific entity, and given the lack of results, it seems that the information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph.

I will provide a detailed explanation and my best attempt at a SPARQL query so far.

### Explanation
Despite multiple searches and attempts to find the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act, the results did not yield the required information. The searches included:
- Searching for "German Occupational Safety and Health Act"
- Searching for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz"
- Searching for "German labor law"
- Searching for "Occupational Safety and Health" and checking related properties

None of these searches returned the specific entity or properties that would allow us to determine who passed the German Occupational Safety and Health Act.

### Best Attempt at a SPARQL Query
Given the lack of specific entities, the best attempt at a SPARQL query would be to search for related concepts and see if any additional information can be derived.

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?passedBy WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q629029 ;
       wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;
       wdt:P3014 ?passedBy .
}
```

This query attempts to find laws related to occupational health and safety in Germany and who passed them, but it is unlikely to return the specific information we are looking for due to the lack of specific entities in the knowledge graph.

### Conclusion
The information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph. Therefore, I cannot provide a definitive answer to the question.

If you have any additional information or if there are other sources that can be used, please let me know.

### Final Answer
I am unable to find a satisfactory SPARQL query that answers the question "Who passed the German Occupational Safety and Health Act?" due to the lack of specific entities in the knowledge graph.

Here is my best attempt at a SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?passedBy WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q629029 ;
       wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;
       wdt:P3014 ?passedBy .
}
```

This query attempts to find laws related to occupational health and safety in Germany and who passed them, but it is unlikely to return the specific information we are looking for.

If you have any additional information or if there are other sources that can be used, please let me know.

### Cancel Function Call

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The current SPARQL query does not seem to be correctly formulated to find the information about who passed the German Occupational Safety and Health Act. The property `P3014` (laws applied) might not be the right choice for finding the legislative body that passed the act. Consider using a different property such as `P122` (legislator) or `P123` (enacted by) to find the entity responsible for passing the law.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Let's try using the properties `P122` (legislator) and `P123` (enacted by) to find the entity responsible for passing the German Occupational Safety and Health Act.

First, let's search for the entity "German Occupational Safety and Health Act" again and then use the properties `P122` and `P123` to find who passed it.

### Step 1: Search for the entity "German Occupational Safety and Health Act"

Let's try a more targeted search for the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" in the context of Germany.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant]
It seems that the term "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" does not have a corresponding entity in Wikidata. Let's try a more general search for "German Occupational Safety and Health Act" and see if we can find any related entities.

### Step 2: Search for "German Occupational Safety and Health Act"

Let's search for "German Occupational Safety and Health Act" again and see if we can find any related entities or properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Occupational Safety and Health Act, also known as Williams-Steiger Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, OSH Act, OSHA Act, OSHA-1970 (wd:Q912402): United States law
2. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q18899790): law of Taiwan
3. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q47502511)
4. Occupational Safety and Health Act (wd:Q68948513): scientific article published on 01 April 1972
5. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as OHSA, OH & S Act, Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act (wd:Q110542175): Ontario law enacted 1979
6. Occupational Health and Safety Act, also known as ZVZD-1 (wd:Q127329172): law of the Republic of Slovenia
7. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (wd:Q7075788): national law of Malaysia
8. Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (wd:Q60740074): South African statutory law administered by the Department of Labour
9. Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991 (wd:Q56750523): Act of the Parliament of Australia, no longer in force, registered as C2004A04105
10. Occupational Health and Safety Act NSW 2000 (wd:Q7075779): repealed statute of New South Wales, Australia

[Assistant]
None of the results from the search for "German Occupational Safety and Health Act" seem to be the specific entity we are looking for. Given this, let's try a more general search for "Occupational Safety and Health Act" and then filter the results to see if any are related to Germany.

### Step 3: Search for "Occupational Safety and Health Act" and Filter Results

Let's search for "Occupational Safety and Health Act" and then use a SPARQL query to filter the results to find any that are related to Germany.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, indicating that there might not be a specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act in the current knowledge graph. However, let's try a different approach by searching for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" in a broader context and then checking if it is related to Germany.

### Step 4: Search for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and Check Related Properties

Let's search for "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and then use a SPARQL query to check if it is related to Germany and who passed it.

### Step 5: Execute a SPARQL Query to Find the Entity and Related Properties

Let's execute a SPARQL query to find the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and check if it is related to Germany and who passed it using the properties `P122` (legislator) and `P123` (enacted by).

```sparql
SELECT ?act ?country ?passedBy WHERE {
  ?act rdfs:label ?actLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?actLabel) = 'de' && CONTAINS(?actLabel, 'Arbeitsschutzgesetz'))
  ?act wdt:P17 ?country .
  ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?countryLabel) = 'en' && CONTAINS(?countryLabel, 'Germany'))
  OPTIONAL { ?act wdt:P122 ?passedBy }
  OPTIONAL { ?act wdt:P123 ?passedBy }
}
```

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant]
It seems that the SPARQL query timed out, possibly due to the complexity or the size of the data being queried. Let's simplify the query to focus on finding the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and then separately check if it is related to Germany and who passed it.

### Step 6: Simplify the Query to Find the Entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz"

Let's first find the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and then check its properties.

```sparql
SELECT ?act WHERE {
  ?act rdfs:label ?actLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?actLabel) = 'de' && CONTAINS(?actLabel, 'Arbeitsschutzgesetz'))
}
```

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant]
It seems that even the simplified query is timing out. This suggests that the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" might not be well-represented in the knowledge graph, or the query is too complex for the endpoint to handle efficiently.

Given the repeated timeouts and the lack of specific entities, it appears that the information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph.

### Final Attempt

Let's try one last simplified query to see if we can find any related entities or properties that might give us a clue.

```sparql
SELECT ?act ?label WHERE {
  ?act rdfs:label ?label .
  FILTER(LANG(?label) = 'de' && REGEX(?label, 'Arbeitsschutzgesetz', 'i'))
}
```

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)

[Assistant]
It seems that even the most simplified query is timing out, indicating that the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" is not well-represented in the current knowledge graph, or the endpoint is having difficulty handling the query.

Given the repeated timeouts and the lack of specific entities, it appears that the information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph.

### Final Answer

I am unable to find a satisfactory SPARQL query that answers the question "Who passed the German Occupational Safety and Health Act?" due to the lack of specific entities in the knowledge graph and the repeated timeouts.

Here is my best attempt at a SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?act ?country ?passedBy WHERE {
  ?act rdfs:label ?actLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?actLabel) = 'de' && CONTAINS(?actLabel, 'Arbeitsschutzgesetz'))
  ?act wdt:P17 ?country .
  ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?countryLabel) = 'en' && CONTAINS(?countryLabel, 'Germany'))
  OPTIONAL { ?act wdt:P122 ?passedBy }
  OPTIONAL { ?act wdt:P123 ?passedBy }
}
```

This query attempts to find the entity "Arbeitsschutzgesetz" and check if it is related to Germany and who passed it, but it is unlikely to return the specific information we are looking for due to the lack of specific entities in the knowledge graph.

If you have any additional information or if there are other sources that can be used, please let me know.

### Cancel Function Call

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The current SPARQL query is attempting to find the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it, but it seems that the relevant information is not well-represented in the knowledge graph, leading to a timeout. We should try a different approach. Instead of searching for the act directly, we can search for laws related to occupational safety and health in Germany and then check if any of them have information about who passed them.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Let's try a different approach by searching for laws related to occupational safety and health in Germany and then checking if any of them have information about who passed them.

### Step 1: Search for Laws Related to Occupational Safety and Health in Germany

We will search for laws that are related to occupational safety and health and are specific to Germany. We can use the property `P31` (instance of) to find laws and then filter by the country Germany.

### Step 2: Check Who Passed the Laws

Once we find the relevant laws, we will use the properties `P122` (legislator) and `P123` (enacted by) to find who passed them.

### Step 3: Execute the SPARQL Query

Let's execute the SPARQL query to find laws related to occupational safety and health in Germany and check who passed them.

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?lawLabel ?passedBy ?passedByLabel WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q7747 ;  # Instance of law
         wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;  # Country is Germany
         rdfs:label ?lawLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?lawLabel) = 'de' && REGEX(?lawLabel, 'Arbeitsschutz', 'i'))
  OPTIONAL { ?law wdt:P122 ?passedBy }
  OPTIONAL { ?law wdt:P123 ?passedBy }
  ?passedBy rdfs:label ?passedByLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?passedByLabel) = 'en')
}
```

[Tool] Got no rows and 4 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, indicating that there might not be a specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act in the current knowledge graph, or the properties `P122` (legislator) and `P123` (enacted by) are not being used for this specific law.

### Step 4: Try a Broader Search for Laws in Germany

Let's try a broader search for laws in Germany and then manually check if any of them are related to occupational safety and health.

### Step 5: Execute a Broader SPARQL Query

Let's execute a broader SPARQL query to find laws in Germany and then check if any of them are related to occupational safety and health.

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?lawLabel WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q7747 ;  # Instance of law
         wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;  # Country is Germany
         rdfs:label ?lawLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?lawLabel) = 'de')
}
```

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that even the broader search for laws in Germany did not return any results. This suggests that the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and related laws might not be well-represented in the current knowledge graph.

### Final Attempt

Let's try one last approach by searching for laws in Germany and then manually checking if any of them are related to occupational safety and health. We will use a more general query to find laws in Germany and then filter the results manually.

### Step 6: Execute a General SPARQL Query for Laws in Germany

Let's execute a general SPARQL query to find laws in Germany.

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?lawLabel WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q7747 ;  # Instance of law
         wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;  # Country is Germany
         rdfs:label ?lawLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?lawLabel) = 'de')
}
```

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that even the general query for laws in Germany did not return any results. This strongly suggests that the specific entity for the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and related laws are not well-represented in the current knowledge graph.

### Final Answer

Given the repeated lack of results and the timeouts, it appears that the information about the German Occupational Safety and Health Act and who passed it is not available in the current knowledge graph.

Here is my best attempt at a SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?law ?lawLabel ?passedBy ?passedByLabel WHERE {
  ?law wdt:P31 wd:Q7747 ;  # Instance of law
         wdt:P17 wd:Q183 ;  # Country is Germany
         rdfs:label ?lawLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?lawLabel) = 'de' && REGEX(?lawLabel, 'Arbeitsschutz', 'i'))
  OPTIONAL { ?law wdt:P122 ?passedBy }
  OPTIONAL { ?law wdt:P123 ?passedBy }
  ?passedBy rdfs:label ?passedByLabel .
  FILTER(LANG(?passedByLabel) = 'en')
}
```

This query attempts to find laws related to occupational safety and health in Germany and check who passed them, but it is unlikely to return the specific information we are looking for due to the lack of specific entities in the knowledge graph.

If you have any additional information or if there are other sources that can be used, please let me know.

### Cancel Function Call

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q177567 wdt:P2046 ?amazonArea .
  wd:Q932289 wdt:P2046 ?congoArea .
  FILTER ( ?amazonArea > ?congoArea )
}

True

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] which forest is bigger, Amazon Rainforest or Congo Basin?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What is the timezone in San Pedro de Atacama?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?o1 WHERE {
  wd:Q187893 wdt:P421 ?o1 .
}

Using entities:
San Pedro de Atacama (wd:Q187893): town in Chile

Using properties:
located in time zone, also known as TZ, time zone, timezone (wd:P421 as wdt): time zone for this item

Example 2:
Question:
Give me all female German chancellors.

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072 .
  ?uri wdt:P39 wd:Q4970706 .
}

Using entities:
Federal Chancellor of Germany, also known as German Federal Chancellor, prime minister of Germany, German Chancellor, Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Chancellor (wd:Q4970706): head of government of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)
female, also known as female human, women, woman, lady, human female (wd:Q6581072): to be used in "sex or gender" (P21) to indicate that the human s...nder" (P10339) to indicate that a word refers to a female person

Using properties:
sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office

Example 3:
Question:
Who were the parents of Queen Victoria?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q9439 ?childof ?uri .
  VALUES ?childof {
    wdt:P22 wdt:P25
  }
}

Using entities:
Victoria, also known as Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, Victoria of the United Kingdom, Victoria Hanover, Alexandrina Victoria von Hannover, Victoria Alexandrina (wd:Q9439): Queen of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901, monarch

Using properties:
father, also known as son of, child of, parent, is son of, is daughter of (wd:P22 as wdt): male parent of the subject. For stepfather, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent
mother, also known as mom, is child of, mommy, mum, mummy (wd:P25 as wdt): female parent of the subject. For stepmother, use "stepparent" (P3448), parent

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that to compare the size of two forests, we need to find their area properties and then compare these areas. Let's first identify the entities for the Amazon Rainforest and the Congo Basin.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Amazon rainforest, also known as Brazilian Amazon, Amazon rain forest, Amazonian rainforest, Amazonia, Amazon forest (wd:Q177567): large rainforest in South America
2. deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest, also known as amazonian deforestation, Amazon Rainforest's deforestation, deforestation (Amazon Rainforest), deforestation of Amazon, Amazon deforestation (wd:Q5251697): overview about the deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest
3. 2019 Amazon rainforest wildfires, also known as 2019 Brazilian wildfires, 2019 Brazil wildfires (wd:Q66677938): Wildfires in Brazil Amazon fire forest
4. fauna of the Amazon rainforest (wd:Q107210685): native animals of the Amazon rainforest
5. Amazon rainforest, people and biodiversity (wd:Q128357663): scholarly article
6. Linked Brazilian Amazon Rainforest Data (wd:Q120984755): article published in the Semantic Web Journal
7. Selective logging in the Amazon rainforest (wd:Q7447772)
8. Acid rain in an Amazon rainforest (wd:Q114603945): scientific article published in 1983
9. Isoprene photochemistry over the Amazon rainforest (wd:Q28828668): scientific article
10. Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest (wd:Q30046261): scientific article (publication date: 6 March 2009)

[Assistant] The correct entity for the Amazon Rainforest is `wd:Q177567`. Now let's find the entity for the Congo Basin.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Congo basin (wd:Q932289): basin of the Congo River in west equatorial Africa
2. Congo basin, also known as Zaire basin (wd:Q124044461): lowland in central Africa
3. Congolian forests, also known as Congo Basin forest, Congolian forests (wd:Q3079079): tropical rainforest, in Central Africa.
4. Congo Basin Forest Partnership (wd:Q5160495): Conservation initiative
5. Colonization of the Congo Basin (wd:Q2984278): European colonization of Africa's Congo Basin
6. Deforestation of the Congo Basin (wd:Q97366409)
7. Onchocerciasis in the Congo basin (wd:Q54052595): scientific article
8. Neogene congo basin rain forest (wd:Q46832519): scientific article published in August 1985
9. Tropical forests: Include Congo basin (wd:Q54119974): scientific article
10. Congo Basin Hydrology, Climate, and Biogeochemistry (wd:Q111634509): scientific article published on 25 February 2022

[Assistant]
The correct entity for the Congo Basin is `wd:Q932289`.

Next, we need to find the property for the area of these regions. Let's search for the area property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. area, also known as total area, surface area, surface, size, resolution (wd:P2046 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): area occupied by an object
2. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, scientific area, responsible for, research on, research fields (wd:P101 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, interested in
3. applies to part, also known as when viewed as, valid for part, section, region, per (wd:P518 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): part, aspect, or form of the item to which the claim applies
4. applies to jurisdiction, also known as belongs to jurisdiction, applies to territorial jurisdiction, applies to region, applies to place, applies to geographic place (wd:P1001 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): the item (institution, law, public office, public register...) o...a territorial jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...), significant place, characteristic of, operating area
5. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
6. water area (wd:P8887 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): area/surface of a geographical entity that is covered by water, area
7. interested in, also known as area of interest, area of research, field of interest, field of research, field of study (wd:P2650 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): item of special or vested interest to this person or organisation
8. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
9. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
10. electoral district, also known as riding, seat, ward, electoral area, electorate (wd:P768 as pqn/prv/pq/wdt/ps/prn/psv/p/wdtn/pqv/psn/pr): electoral district this person is representing, or of the office... or "office contested" (P541) or "candidacy in election" (P3602)

[Assistant]
The correct property for the area is `wd:P2046`.

Now, let's construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the areas of both the Amazon Rainforest and the Congo Basin and compare them.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| amazonArea            | congoArea             |
| --------------------- | --------------------- |
| 6700000 (xsd:decimal) | 1000000 (xsd:decimal) |

[Assistant]
The area of the Amazon Rainforest is 6,700,000 square kilometers, and the area of the Congo Basin is 1,000,000 square kilometers. Therefore, the Amazon Rainforest is larger than the Congo Basin.

To confirm this with an ASK query, we can check if the area of the Amazon Rainforest is greater than the area of the Congo Basin.

[Tool] True

[Assistant]
The ASK query confirms that the Amazon Rainforest is indeed larger than the Congo Basin.

Therefore, the answer to the question is:

**True, the Amazon Rainforest is bigger than the Congo Basin.**

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q177567 wdt:P2046 ?amazonArea .
  wd:Q932289 wdt:P2046 ?congoArea .
  FILTER(?amazonArea > ?congoArea)
}
```

And the answer is:

**True**

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correctly formulated as an ASK query to compare the areas of the Amazon Rainforest and the Congo Basin. It uses the appropriate entities and property for area. The execution result is True, which means the Amazon Rainforest is indeed larger than the Congo Basin. No further refinements are necessary.


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK {
  {
    wd:Q125054 wdt:P355 ?subsidiary .
    ?subsidiary wdt:P17 wd:Q38
  } UNION {
    ?store wdt:P31 wd:Q125054 .
    ?store wdt:P131 wd:Q38
  }
}

No, ALDI does not have a presence in Italy according to the available data.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Is ALDI also in Italy?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Give me all Dutch parties.

SPARQL:
SELECT ?s1 WHERE {
  ?s1 wdt:P17 wd:Q55 .
  ?s1 wdt:P31 wd:Q7278 .
}

Using entities:
Netherlands, also known as 🇳🇱, the Netherlands, NL, nl, NED (wd:Q55): country in Northwestern Europe with territories in the Caribbean
political party, also known as political parties, parties (politics), party (politics), parties in politics, party in politics (wd:Q7278): organization that seeks to influence government policy and actio...nd be elected to directly take part on government or legislation

Using properties:
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 2:
Question:
How many airlines are members of the Star Alliance?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) as ?c ) WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P114 wd:Q189709 .
}

Using entities:
Star Alliance, also known as Star Alliance Services (wd:Q189709): airline alliance headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany

Using properties:
airline alliance (wd:P114 as wdt): alliance the airline belongs to, member of

Example 3:
Question:
When was the death of Shakespeare?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q692 wdt:P570 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
William Shakespeare, also known as Bard of Avon, The Bard of Avon, The Bard, Swan of Avon (wd:Q692): English playwright and poet (1564–1616), playwright

Using properties:
date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the relevant entities and properties for our question. We want to know if ALDI operates in Italy. Let's first find the entity for ALDI and then check if it has any presence in Italy.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Aldi, also known as Aldi Stores (wd:Q125054): brand name of two global discount supermarket chains
2. Aldi Suisse, also known as Aldi, Aldi Suisse AG (wd:Q111030009): Swiss company and subsidiary of Aldi/Hofer
3. Aldi (wd:Q37488907): family name
4. METTL7B, also known as ALDI, methyltransferase like 7B (wd:Q18053067): protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
5. Aldi (wd:Q66263985): male given name
6. Methyltransferase like 7B, also known as ALDI, associated with lipid droplet protein 1, methyltransferase-like protein 7B, Mettl7b, thiol S-methyltransferase METTL7B (wd:Q28557934): mammalian protein found in Rattus norvegicus
7. Aldein, also known as Aldino (wd:Q373680): municipality in South Tyrol, Italy
8. Aldingen (wd:Q529710): municipality in Germany
9. pyrazinamide, also known as Zinamide®, PZA, Pyrizinamide, Pyrazinoic acid amide, Pyrazinecarboxamide (wd:Q417571): chemical compound
10. Altichiero, also known as Altichiero Da Zevio, Aldigheri, Altichiero di Domenico da Zevio, Alticjiero da Zevio, da Verona Altichiero (wd:Q379567): Italian painter (1330-1390), illuminator, painter

[Assistant]
The top result for "ALDI" is the correct one: `Aldi, also known as Aldi Stores (wd:Q125054)`. Now let's find out if ALDI operates in Italy. We need to look for a property that indicates the countries where ALDI operates.

Let's search for properties related to "operates in" or "presence in" for the ALDI entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as wdt/p): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
2. has subsidiary, also known as subordinate body, subsidiary body, subordinate unit, subsidiary, subsidiary company (wd:P355 as wdt/p): subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully owned...siness division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749)., has part(s), owner of
3. owned by, also known as belongs to, stockholders, stockholder, shareholders, shareholder (wd:P127 as wdt/p): owner of the subject
4. industry, also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector (wd:P452 as wdt/p): specific industry of company or organization, part of
5. founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as wdt/p): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
6. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
7. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
8. has part(s), also known as has component, incorporates, has ingredient, has ingredients, has member (wd:P527 as wdt/p): part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670).
9. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
10. number of branches, also known as branches, store count, shop count, number of supermakerts, number of shops (wd:P8368 as wdt/p): number of branches or stores affiliated with a chain, brand or company

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property `headquarters location` (P159) and `country` (P17) might be useful, but they don't directly indicate the countries where ALDI operates. However, we can use the `has subsidiary` (P355) property to see if ALDI has subsidiaries in Italy.

Let's check if ALDI has any subsidiaries in Italy.

First, we need to find the entity for Italy.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Italy, also known as Italia, Republic of Italy, Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic, ITA (wd:Q38): country in Southern Europe
2. Italian Peninsula, also known as Apennine Peninsula, Italic Peninsula, Italy, lo Stivale, península Itálica (wd:Q145694): peninsula of southern Europe
3. Kingdom of Italy, also known as IT, Italy, Regno d’Italia (wd:Q172579): kingdom in Southern Europe from 1861 to 1946
4. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy, Regno d'Italia, Royaume d’Italie, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q223936): kingdom in southern Europe between 1805 and 1814
5. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italian Kingdom, Italy, Regnum Italiae, Regnum Italicorum, Regnum Italicum (wd:Q838931): (817–1014) constituent kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire
6. Italy, also known as Italy, Texas, Italy, TX (wd:Q977238): town in Ellis County, Texas, United States
7. Italy, also known as Italy, NY (wd:Q3708720): town in New York
8. Kingdom of Italy, also known as Italy, Regnum Italicum, Regno d'Italia, Italian Kingdom (wd:Q5343710): kingdom in Southern Europe between 781 and 962
9. Pessione, also known as Italy (wd:Q2028109): human settlement in Chieri, Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, Italy
10. Archivio di Stato di Parma, also known as archiviodistatoparma.beniculturali.it, Italy, Parma State Archive, Parma State Archives, State Archive of Parma (wd:Q3621658): archives in Italy

[Assistant]
The top result for "Italy" is the correct one: `Italy, also known as Italia, Republic of Italy, Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic, ITA (wd:Q38)`.

Now, let's check if ALDI has any subsidiaries in Italy by using the `has subsidiary` (P355) property.

We will run a SPARQL query to find if there are any subsidiaries of ALDI that are located in Italy.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
The query did not return any results, which suggests that ALDI does not have any direct subsidiaries listed as being located in Italy. However, this does not necessarily mean that ALDI is not present in Italy. ALDI might operate through different structures or under different names.

Let's try another approach. We can look for ALDI stores or branches in Italy by checking if there are any entities that are instances of ALDI and are located in Italy.

We will use the `instance of` (P31) property and the `located in the administrative territorial entity` (P131) property to see if there are any ALDI stores in Italy.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
The query did not return any results, which suggests that there are no direct instances of ALDI stores listed as being located in Italy. This could mean that ALDI does not have a significant presence in Italy, or that the data in Wikidata is incomplete.

Given the lack of direct evidence from the knowledge graph, we can conclude that ALDI does not have a notable presence in Italy based on the available data.

To finalize this, we will use an ASK query to confirm that there are no ALDI stores or subsidiaries in Italy.

[Tool] False

[Assistant]
The ASK query returned `False`, confirming that there is no evidence in the Wikidata knowledge graph that ALDI has a presence in Italy.

Therefore, based on the available data, the answer to the question "Is ALDI also in Italy?" is:

**No, ALDI does not have a presence in Italy according to the available data.**

I will now provide the final SPARQL query and answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correctly formulated as an ASK query and returns the expected result. The answer is clear and directly addresses the user's question based on the available data.