PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?series ?seriesLabel ?startTime ( YEAR( ?startTime ) AS ?startYear ) WHERE {
  VALUES ?series {
    wd:Q23001951
  }
  ?series wdt:P580 ?startTime .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?series rdfs:label ?seriesLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?seriesLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Riverdale (wd:Q23001951)

Using properties:
start time (wd:P580 as wdt), also known as began, beginning, building date, effective, effectivity, etc.

Answer: Riverdale first aired in 2017.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] What year was Riverdale first aired?

[Assistant] Step 1: I'll search for the Riverdale entity in Wikidata to find its Q‑identifier. I'll call the entity search function next.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Riverdale (wd:Q23001951): American teen drama television series (2017–2023) / American teen drama television series / is instance of television series / is instance of serial
2. Riverdale (wd:Q3260888), also known as Riverdale, GA, Riverdale, Georgia: city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States / is instance of city of the United States / is instance of city in the United States / is instance of municipality of Georgia
3. Riverdale (wd:Q1925935), also known as Riverdale, IA, Riverdale, Iowa: city in Scott County, Iowa, United States / is instance of city of the United States / is instance of city in the United States
4. Riverdale (wd:Q129941), also known as Riverdale, UT, Riverdale, Utah: city in Weber County, Utah, United States / is instance of city of the United States / is instance of city in the United States
5. Riverdale Park (wd:Q754948, matched via Riverdale), also known as Riverdale, Riverdale, Maryland, Riverdale Park, Maryland, Riverdale Park, MD: town in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States / is instance of Municipality of Maryland
6. Riverdale (wd:Q1083010), also known as Riverdale, New Jersey, Riverdale, NJ: borough in Morris County, New Jersey, United States / is instance of borough of New Jersey
7. Riverdale (wd:Q2668893), also known as Riverdale, IL: village in Cook County, Illinois, United States / is instance of village of Illinois
8. Riverdale (wd:Q2516346), also known as Riverdale, NE, Riverdale, Nebraska: is instance of village in the United States / village in Nebraska
9. Riverdale (wd:Q2373536), also known as Riverdale, ND, Riverdale, North Dakota: human settlement in McLean County, North Dakota, United States of America / is instance of city in the United States / is instance of city of the United States
10. Riverdale (wd:Q3458236), also known as Liberty Settlement, Riverdale, CA: census-designated place (CDP) in Fresno County, California, United States / is instance of census-designated place in the United States / is instance of census-designated place

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to "first aired" / "first broadcast date" to find the correct property to use.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location of first performance (wd:P4647 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via first broadcasted at), also known as first broadcasted at, first performance location, first performance place, first performed at, place of first performance, etc.: location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted / is subproperty of significant place
2. publication date (wd:P577 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via air date), also known as air date, airdate, be published during, be published in, broadcast date, etc.: date or point in time when a work was first published or released / date or point in time a work is first published or released / date or point in time a work is first published or released / is subproperty of point in time
3. date of first performance (wd:P1191 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via premiere), also known as date of premiere, first performance date, premiere, premiere date, time of first performance, etc.: date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted / is subproperty of date of publication / is subproperty of publication date
4. first performance by (wd:P11849 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via premiered by), also known as first performed by, premiered by, world premiere by, world premiere performed by, world premier performance by, etc.: performer or performing group for the first performance of a work
5. first appearance (wd:P4584 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as appeared first in, debut, first episode, first film, initial appearance, etc.: work in which a fictional/mythical character or entity first appeared / is subproperty of present in work
6. number of representations (wd:P5027 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via shows), also known as concerts, no. of shows, number of concerts, number of performances, number of shows, etc.: number of shows (including the premiere) of a concert tour or a performing arts production
7. depicts (wd:P180 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via shows), also known as conveys, depicting, depiction of, displays, features, etc.: entity visually depicted in an image, literarily described in ... audiovisual or other medium; see also P921,  'main subject' / depicted entity (see also P921: main subject) / depicted entity (see also P921: main subject) / is subproperty of has part(s) / is subproperty of has part / place
8. introduced in (wd:P10695 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via first appeared in), also known as added in, first appeared in, first published in, introduced by, P10695: work that introduced this concept
9. premiere type (wd:P4634 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as P4634: indicates the premiere type (world premiere, language premiere, country premiere) of a performing arts production
10. season (wd:P4908 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via television season), also known as series of television program, television season, television series, TV season, TV series, etc.: season of a series (televison, web, podcast) / Series of a television show / is subproperty of part of

[Assistant] I'll inspect properties of the Riverdale item to find the appropriate property that indicates when it first aired (premiered). I'll search the entity's properties for 'premiere', 'first aired', 'original release', and 'publication date'.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. title (wd:P1476 as p/wdt), also known as article title, full title, headline, known as, name, etc.: published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work / published title of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, a website, or a performance work / published title of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, a website, or a performance work / is subproperty of name
2. production company (wd:P272 as p/wdt, matched via movie studio), also known as ballet company, broadcasting company, film studio, motion picture studio, movie studio, etc.: company that produced this film, audio or performing arts work / company that produced this film, audio or performing arts work
3. cast member (wd:P161 as p/wdt, matched via film starring), also known as actor, actress, contestant of a play, feat., film starring, etc.: actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) ... "recorded participant" (P11108) for non-fiction productions] / actor in the subject production [use "character role" (P453) ... as qualifiers] [use "voice actor" (P725) for voice-only role] / actor performing live for a camera or audience [use ... as qualifier] [use "voice actor" (P725) for voice-only role] / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of performer
4. number of episodes (wd:P1113 as p/wdt, matched via episode count), also known as episode count, episodes, no. of episodes, series length, P1113: is subproperty of number of parts of a work of art / is subproperty of number of parts of this work / number of episodes in a film/TV/radio series / number of episodes in a film/TV/radio series / number of episodes in a film/TV/radio series
5. list of episodes (wd:P1811 as p/wdt, matched via episode list), also known as episode list, episodes list, P1811: link to the article with the list of episodes for this series / link to the article with the list of episodes for this series / link to the article with the list of episodes for this series / link to the article with the list of episodes for this series / is subproperty of has list
6. start time (wd:P580 as p/wdt, matched via beginning), also known as began, beginning, building date, effective, effectivity, etc.: indicates the time an item begins to exist or a statement starts being valid / indicates the time an item begins to exist or a statement starts being valid / time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid / is subproperty of point in time
7. end time (wd:P582 as p/wdt, matched via to), also known as abolished, cease date, cease operation, cease time, closed, etc.: moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true / indicates the time an item ceases to exist or a statement stops being valid / indicates the time an item ceases to exist or a statement stops being valid / is subproperty of point in time
8. genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt, matched via type of film), also known as artistic genre, art style, film genre, genre of literature, genre of music, etc.: creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic / genre of a creative work or genre in which an artist works
9. logo image (wd:P154 as p/wdt, matched via masthead), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
10. distribution format (wd:P437 as p/wdt, matched via edition), also known as book format, distribution, distribution method, edition, format, etc.: method (or type) of distribution for the subject / method (or type) of distribution for the subject

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll list triples for the Riverdale item to see which date properties are present (like P577, P1191, P580). I'll call the list function.

[Tool]
Got 450 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                  | property                               | object                                |
| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | instance of (wdt:P31)                  | television series (wd:Q5398426)       |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | title (wdt:P1476)                      | Riverdale (en)                        |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | Google Knowledge Graph ID (wdtn:P2671) | <http://g.co/kg/g/11cjpb9cms>         |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | Commons category (wdt:P373)            | Riverdale (2017 TV series)            |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)                 | Riverdale, season 6 (wd:Q109317181)   |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | country of origin (wdt:P495)           | United States (wd:Q30)                |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | official website (wdt:P856)            | <http://www.cwtv.com/shows/riverdale> |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | genre (wdt:P136)                       | drama television series (wd:Q1366112) |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | cast member (wdt:P161)                 | Luke Perry (wd:Q318165)               |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | creator (wdt:P170)                     | Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa (wd:Q7351575)  |
| ...                      | ...                                    | ...                                   |

[Assistant] I'll inspect for date properties like publication date (P577), date of first performance (P1191), start time (P580), or "original network" qualifiers. I'll search the list results for P577, P1191, P580.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] No direct P577. Try P1191.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] Search for P580 (start time).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                  | property              | object                              |
| ------------------------ | --------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) | start time (wdt:P580) | 2017-01-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL query that retrieves Riverdale's start time (wdt:P580) and computes its year with YEAR(). This ensures the year is computed within SPARQL (per the rules) and the query returns the item's IRI as well. Then I'll provide the answer.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?item ?label WHERE {
  VALUES ?item {
    wd:Q100387742 wd:Q15264045
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?item rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Empress (wd:Q100387742), also known as empress
empress regnant (wd:Q15264045), also known as Empress, Empress Regnant, Maharani

Answer:
Thought process and steps:
- I searched Wikidata for the English terms related to a female emperor and found the items for "Empress" and "empress regnant".
- I executed a SPARQL query to retrieve the item IRIs and English labels to confirm the canonical English terms.

Query results (from Wikidata):
- wd:Q100387742 — Empress
- wd:Q15264045 — empress regnant

Plain-English answer:
- The female form of an emperor is called an "empress". If you need to specify a female who rules an empire in her own right, the term is "empress regnant".

What do you call a female form of an emperor in English?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] What do you call a female form of an emperor in English?

[Assistant] I'll search Wikidata for entities related to "emperor" and "empress" to verify the correct English term. I'll first look up the entity for "empress".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Apaturopsis (wd:Q773377, matched via Empress), also known as Empress: is instance of taxon / genus of insects
2. Canadian Pacific Air Lines (wd:Q986941, matched via EMPRESS), also known as CP, CPAL, CPC, EMPRESS: former Canadian airline, acquired by Canadian Airlines / is instance of airline
3. Empress (wd:Q3396172), also known as Empress, AB, Empress, Alberta: is instance of village in Alberta / village of Alberta, Canada
4. chancellor (wd:Q646324, matched via empress), also known as 🩏, 🩒, champion, concubine, empress, etc.: fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight / is subclass of fairy chess piece / is subclass of major piece
5. Empress (wd:Q100387742), also known as empress: imperial title held by a female monarch or consort / is instance of royal or noble rank / is instance of noble title / is subclass of noble women / is subclass of monarch / is subclass of Monarch
6. Empress (wd:Q116985828), also known as C000005, Empress Evolution, EmpressEvolution: has occupation cracker / has occupation hacker / is instance of human / video game cracker
7. empress regnant (wd:Q15264045, matched via Empress), also known as Empress, Empress Regnant, Maharani: female monarch of Imperial Rank who rules an Empire in her own right / female monarch who rules an Empire in her own right / is instance of royal or noble rank / is instance of noble title / is instance of position / is subclass of Empress / is subclass of monarch / is subclass of Monarch / is instance of rank
8. Empress (wd:Q5374452): is instance of literary work / novel
9. HMS Empress (wd:Q4354594, matched via Empress), also known as Empress, Empress seaplane carrier: is instance of steamship / 1914 seaplane carrier
10. Itege (wd:Q1356425, matched via Empress), also known as Empress, Negest: Ethiopian title for the Empress consort / is instance of title / is subclass of queen

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query to retrieve the English labels for the Wikidata items for "empress" and "empress regnant" to verify the correct English term(s). I will query the items wd:Q100387742 (empress: imperial title held by a female monarch or consort) and wd:Q15264045 (empress regnant: female monarch who rules an empire in her own right) and request their English rdfs:label values. Now I'll execute that query.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| item                           | label                |
| ------------------------------ | -------------------- |
| Empress (wd:Q100387742)        | Empress (en)         |
| empress regnant (wd:Q15264045) | empress regnant (en) |

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL query that returns the Wikidata item IRIs and English labels for the terms "empress" and "empress regnant", so I can confirm the canonical English term(s) and provide the item identifiers. After the query result I'll state the plain-English answer. Now I will execute that final query.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
SELECT ?person ?personLabel ?start WHERE {
  ?person p:P39 ?stmt .
  ?stmt ps:P39 wd:Q56024 .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?stmt pq:P582 ?end .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?stmt pq:P580 ?start .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
President of the Bundestag (wd:Q56024), also known as Bundestagspräsident, Präsident des Deutschen Bundestages

Using properties:
position held (wd:P39 as p/ps), also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held, etc.
start time (wd:P580 as pq), also known as began, beginning, building date, effective, effectivity, etc.
end time (wd:P582 as pq), also known as abolished, cease date, cease operation, cease time, closed, etc.

Answer: The SPARQL query returns: person = wd:Q88158 (Julia Klöckner). So the current President of the German Bundestag is Julia Klöckner (wd:Q88158), in office since 2025-03-25.

Who is the current president of the German Bundestag currently?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Who is the current president of the German Bundestag currently?

[Assistant] I will first search Wikidata for the item representing the German Bundestag to get its identifier, then look for the property that denotes the president (presiding officer / speaker) of that legislature, verify the property, and then query for the current officeholder (with any "incumbent" or "start time" qualifier) to return the person's IRI and label. I'll start by searching for the Bundestag entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. German Bundestag (wd:Q154797), also known as Bundestag of Germany, German parliament: is instance of representative assembly / legislature of Germany; parliament / is instance of lower house / is instance of legislature
2. President of the Bundestag (wd:Q56024, matched via Bundestagspräsident), also known as Bundestagspräsident, Präsident des Deutschen Bundestages: presiding member of the parliament of Germany / is instance of position / is subclass of speaker
3. Bundestag metro station (wd:Q694848, matched via U-Bahnhof Bundestag), also known as U-Bahnhof Bundestag, U-Bahnhof Reichstag: is instance of Berlin U-Bahn station / is instance of underground station / Berlin U-Bahn station
4. German federal election (wd:Q1007356, matched via Bundestag election), also known as Bundestag election, German federal elections: is subclass of elections in the Federal Republic of Germany / is subclass of legislative election / is instance of class of election / election to the German Bundestag
5. FC Bundestag (wd:Q1386958): parliamentary association football team of the German Bundestag / is instance of association football team / is instance of Football team / is instance of soccer team
6. Bundestag Parliamentary Group (wd:Q1007351, matched via Bundestagsgruppe), also known as Bundestagsgruppe: is subclass of parliamentary group / German parliamentary group
7. Bundestag committee (wd:Q1007311): parliamentary committee of the Bundestag of Germany / is subclass of parliamentary committee
8. Bundestag fraction (wd:Q1440595), also known as Fraktionsgemeinschaft: political fraction in German parliament / is subclass of parliamentary group
9. bundestag.de (wd:Q15948832): website of the Bundestag of Germany / is instance of website
10. Bundestagszusammenfasser (wd:Q131149112): digital project to make the German legislative process more transparent / is instance of website

[Assistant] I'll search properties of the Bundestag entity for terms like "president" or "speaker" to find which property links to the officeholder.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. chairperson (wd:P488 as p/wdt, matched via president), also known as chair, chairman, chairwoman, dean, headed by, etc.: presiding member of an organization, group, or body / presiding member of an organisation, group or body / presiding member of an organization, group or body / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of manager/director
2. position held by head of the organization (wd:P2388 as p/wdt, matched via president's position), also known as chairperson's postion, chief's position, directed by / from, headed by, head of the organization, etc.: position of the head of this item / position of the head of this item
3. country (wd:P17 as p/wdt, matched via sovereign state), also known as host country, land, sovereign state, state, P17: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / is subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
4. headquarters location (wd:P159 as p/wdt, matched via principal office), also known as admin HQ, based in, garrison, head office location, head quarters, etc.: city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / is subproperty of significant place
5. applies to jurisdiction (wd:P1001 as p/wdt, matched via of), also known as applicable area, applicable country, applicable geographic place, applicable jurisdiction, applicable location, etc.: the item (institution, law, public office, public ... jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...) / the item (an institution, law, public office ...) or ... jurisdiction: a country, state, municipality, ...) / is subproperty of characteristic of / is subproperty of significant place / is subproperty of operating area
6. part of (wd:P361 as p/wdt, matched via of), also known as assembly of, branch of, chain, collateral branch of, component of, etc.: object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is ... "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670)) / object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is ... "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670)) / object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is ... "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670)) / object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is ... "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))
7. Open Library ID (wd:P648 as p/wdtn/wdt, matched via OLID), also known as OL ID, OLID, Open Library author ID, OpenLibrary author ID, Open Library book ID, etc.: identifier in "the Internet Archive" for information about a work ("W"), edition ("M") or author ("A") of a book / identifier for a work ("W"), edition ("M") or author ("A") for book data of the Internet Archive
8. logo image (wd:P154 as p/wdt, matched via masthead), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
9. NACSIS-CAT author ID (wd:P271 as p/wdtn/wdt, matched via NII (Japan)), also known as ci.nii.ac.jp author ID, CiNii author ID, CiNii author ID (books), CiNii author identifier, CiNii Books author ID, etc.: identifier for book authors in NACSIS-CAT, the union catalog for university libraries and research institutions in Japan
10. has part(s) (wd:P527 as p/wdt, matched via contains), also known as amalgamation of, assembled from, assembled out of, composed of, comprised of, etc.: part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject, also valuable subclass or exemplar. Inverse property of "part of".

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll query Wikidata for humans who have held the position "President of the Bundestag" (wd:Q56024) via P39 (position held) and exclude any statements that have an end time qualifier (P582), to get the current incumbent. I'll request the person's IRI and an English rdfs:label if available. Now I'll run that SPARQL query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| person                     | personLabel         | start                               |
| -------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Julia Klöckner (wd:Q88158) | Julia Klöckner (en) | 2025-03-25T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I will now provide the final SPARQL query (the one I executed) and the answer based on its result. The query returns the person IRI, an English label if available, and the start date of the current (no end time) tenure as President of the Bundestag. Then I'll finalize with the answer string.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?creator ?creatorLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q19798744 wdt:P170 ?creator .
  wd:Q19798744 wdt:P161 ?creator .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?creator rdfs:label ?creatorLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?creatorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
The OA (wd:Q19798744)

Using properties:
cast member (wd:P161 as wdt), also known as actor, actress, contestant of a play, feat., film starring, etc.
creator (wd:P170 as wdt), also known as art by, artist (non-musical), art work by, artwork by, by, etc.

Answer: Brit Marling (wd:Q289380)

Which creator of The OA also acted in it?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Which creator of The OA also acted in it?

[Assistant] Step 1: I'll search for the entity "The OA" in Wikidata to find its item identifier and then inspect its creators and cast.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The OA (wd:Q19798744): 2016 American mystery drama television series / is instance of television series / is instance of web series / is instance of serial
2. The Oa (wd:Q1325866), also known as The Oa RSPB Nature Reserve: peninsula in the southwest of Islay, Argyll and Bute, Scotland, UK / is instance of nature reserve / is instance of Nature reserve / is instance of peninsula
3. The Oa (wd:Q126204501): Special Protection Area in Scotland, UK / is instance of Special Protection Area
4. The Oath (wd:Q27834781), also known as Eiðurinn, Oath: 2016 film by Baltasar Kormákur / is instance of film
5. The Oak (wd:Q2328850), also known as Oak: is instance of film / 1992 film
6. Il giuramento (wd:Q1469058, matched via The Oath), also known as The Oath: is instance of dramatico-musical work / opera by Saverio Mercadante
7. Di Shvue (wd:Q5270055, matched via The Oath), also known as Di Bundishe Shvue, The Oath: is instance of musical work/composition / Jewish song, anthem of the Bund / is instance of Yiddish song
8. Epsom Oaks (wd:Q3347856, matched via The Oaks), also known as Oaks, The Oaks, The Oaks Stakes: British Group 1 horse race tor 3-year-old filles over 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 10 yards (2,423 metres) / is subclass of horse race
9. The Oatmeal (wd:Q2015830), also known as theoatmeal.com: is instance of pseudonym / is instance of website / humor website
10. The Oaks (wd:Q20972573): is instance of human settlement / place in Limpopo, South Africa

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to "creator" to retrieve the creators of the series.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. collection creator (wd:P6241 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator), also known as archival collection creator, archive creator, archive of, archives of, collected by, etc.: entity (person, organization, etc.) that caused a record or collection to be produced or gathered
2. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
3. creator (wd:P170 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as art by, artist (non-musical), art work by, artwork by, by, etc.: maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists) / maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists) / maker of a creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
4. author (wd:P50 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator), also known as co-author, creator, maker, playwright, poet, etc.: main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); ... name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans) / is subproperty of creator
5. manufacturer (wd:P176 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via maker), also known as assembled by, assembler, brewed by, brewer, builder, etc.: (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product / manufacturer or producer of this product
6. contributor to the creative work or subject (wd:P767 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creative contributor), also known as assistant, collaborator, contributor, contributor(s) to the subject, creative contributor, etc.: person or organization that contributed to a subject: co-creator of a creative work or subject / is subproperty of participant
7. notable work (wd:P800 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator of), also known as artwork, author of, bibliography, books by, creator of, etc.: notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works / notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
8. possible creator (wd:P1779 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator (possible)), also known as attributed to, creator (possible), P1779: for a creative work with considerable uncertainty about the author
9. cover art by (wd:P736 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via artist), also known as album art by, album artwork by, album artwork designed by, album artwork designer, artist, etc.: name of person or team creating cover artwork for book, record album, single record etc.
10. performer (wd:P175 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via artist), also known as actor, actress, artist, dancer, musical artist, etc.: actor, musician, band or other performer associated with this role or musical work / actor, musician, music group or other performer associated with this work / is subproperty of contributor to the creative work or subject

[Assistant] I'll list the statements for the Wikidata item for The OA (wd:Q19798744) to find properties for creators and cast. I'll call the list function constrained to that subject.

[Tool]
Got 318 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject               | property                     | object                                    |
| --------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | instance of (wdt:P31)        | television series (wd:Q5398426)           |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | title (wdt:P1476)            | The OA (en)                               |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)       | /m/012zcqwd                               |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)       | The OA: Part I (wd:Q28613281)             |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | country of origin (wdt:P495) | United States (wd:Q30)                    |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | official website (wdt:P856)  | <https://www.netflix.com/title/80044950>  |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | genre (wdt:P136)             | mystery television series (wd:Q101898470) |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | cast member (wdt:P161)       | Jason Isaacs (wd:Q214223)                 |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | creator (wdt:P170)           | Brit Marling (wd:Q289380)                 |
| The OA (wd:Q19798744) | IMDb ID (wdt:P345)           | tt4635282                                 |
| ...                   | ...                          | ...                                       |

[Assistant]
Step: Build a SPARQL query that finds items who are both a "creator" (wdt:P170) of The OA (wd:Q19798744) and a "cast member" (wdt:P161) of the same work. I'll include optional English labels for readability.

I'll now execute that query to verify the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| creator                   | creatorLabel      |
| ------------------------- | ----------------- |
| Brit Marling (wd:Q289380) | Brit Marling (en) |

[Assistant]
I have a result: Brit Marling (wd:Q289380). This answers the user's question.

Now I'll finalize by returning the SPARQL query and the answer per instructions.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q95 wdt:P112 wd:Q5284 .
}

Using entities:
Bill Gates (wd:Q5284), also known as William Gates, William Henry "Bill" Gates, William Henry "Bill" Gates III, William Henry Gates, William Henry Gates III, etc.
Google (wd:Q95), also known as Big G, google.com, Google Inc., Google, Inc., Google LLC

Using properties:
founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.

Answer: No. An ASK query on Wikidata for whether Google (wd:Q95) was founded by Bill Gates (wd:Q5284) returned False. Wikidata lists Larry Page (wd:Q4934) and Sergey Brin (wd:Q92764) as the founders of Google.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Was Google founded by Bill Gates?

[Assistant]
Plan:
1. Find the Wikidata items for "Google" and "Bill Gates".
2. Find the property for "founder" on Wikidata.
3. Build an ASK SPARQL query testing whether Google has Bill Gates as a founder (i.e., Google wdt:P112 wd:Qxxx).
I'll first search for the entities "Google" and "Bill Gates".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Google (wd:Q95), also known as Big G, google.com, Google Inc., Google, Inc., Google LLC: American multinational technology company, a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. / American multinational technology company, a subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. / American multinational Internet and technology corporation / is instance of technology company / is instance of identity provider / is instance of public company / is instance of online service / is instance of business
2. Google Search (wd:Q9366, matched via Google), also known as BackRub, goo.gle, Google, google.com, Google homepage, etc.: is instance of search engine / search engine by Google LLC / search engine by Google LLC / search engine by Google LLC
3. Alphabet Inc. (wd:Q20800404, matched via Google), also known as abc.xyz, Alphabet, Alphabet company, Alphabet Inc, Alphabet, Inc, etc.: American holding company and conglomerate created by Google / American multinational technology conglomerate / is instance of holding company / is instance of public company / is instance of organization / is instance of organisation / is instance of business
4. Google+ (wd:Q356), also known as G+, Google Plus: is instance of application programming interface / is instance of social networking service / is instance of service on Internet / is instance of computing platform / is instance of online community / is instance of cloud computing / social networking service / social networking service / is instance of software / social network
5. .google (wd:Q20573262), also known as dot google: brand top-level domain used in the Domain Name System of the Internet / is instance of generic top-level domain / top-level Internet domain
6. google (wd:Q1156923), also known as googling, to google: transitive verb, meaning to search for something using the Google search engine / is instance of verb
7. Google (wd:Q125851407): is instance of mobile app / mobile app
8. Google+ (wd:Q125851441): is instance of social media app / defunct social media app
9. google (wd:Q107382801): is instance of Python package / Python library
10. Google (wd:Q110997421): is instance of male given name / male given name / male given name / given name

[Assistant] I'll search for "Bill Gates".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Bill Gates (wd:Q5284), also known as William Gates, William Henry "Bill" Gates, William Henry "Bill" Gates III, William Henry Gates, William Henry Gates III, etc.: American businessman, investor, and philanthropist (born 1955) / has occupation philanthropist / has occupation Entrepreneur / has occupation entrepreneur / has occupation programmer / is instance of human
2. Bill Gates (wd:Q123411797), also known as William Lazenby Gates: has occupation association football player / English footballer (1944–2023) / has occupation soccer player / is instance of human
3. Bill Gates (wd:Q100794547): college basketball player (1959–1959) Boston University / has occupation basketball player / is instance of human
4. Bill Gates Sr. (wd:Q684014), also known as William Henry Gates II: American attorney and philanthropist (1925–2020) / has occupation businessperson / has occupation philanthropist / has occupation lawyer / is instance of human
5. Bill Gates' flower fly (wd:Q1953052), also known as Eristalis gatesi: is instance of taxon / flower fly species
6. Bill Gates's house (wd:Q371973), also known as Xanadu 2.0: is instance of earth shelter / is instance of mansion / building
7. Bill Gates Must Die (wd:Q22043547): is instance of musical work/composition / 2000 song performed by John Vanderslice
8. Email to Bill Gates (wd:Q23562744): is instance of television film / is instance of Television film / 2007 film by Josh Broecker
9. Aposentadoria de Bill Gates (wd:Q129415038): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scholarly article
10. Bill Gates funds geoengineering (wd:Q115430184): scientific article published in 2010 / scientific article published in 2010 / scientific article published in 2010 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article

[Assistant] I'll search for the Wikidata property for "founder" to confirm the correct property identifier (e.g., P112).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via founder), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
2. notable work (wd:P800 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via founder of), also known as artwork, author of, bibliography, books by, creator of, etc.: notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works / notable scientific, artistic or literary work, or other work of significance among subject's works
3. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via founded), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
4. copyright holder (wd:P3931 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via proprietor), also known as copyright ‘owner’, copyright owner, licensor, proprietor, P3931: person or organisation who holds the copyright of a work according to the Berne Convention / is subproperty of owned by
5. owned by (wd:P127 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via proprietor), also known as belonged to, belongs to, is owned by, owner, owners, etc.: owner of the subject / owner of the subject / owner of the subject
6. discoverer or inventor (wd:P61 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via inventor), also known as created by, developed by, developer, devised by, discovered by, etc.: subject who discovered, first described, invented, or developed this discovery or invention or scientific hypothesis or theory / discovered, first described, or invented by / discovered, first described, or invented by
7. organization directed by the office or position (wd:P2389 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via leader of), also known as chairman of, chair of, chairperson of, chairwoman of, commander of, etc.: organisation which is directed  by this office / organization which is directed by this office
8. replaces (wd:P1365 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via forefather), also known as absorbed, absorbs, continues, continues from, deprecates, etc.: person, state or item replaced. Use "structure replaces" ... was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical / person or item replaced. Use "structure replaces" (P1398) for ... was not replaced or predecessor and successor are identical / is subproperty of follows
9. child (wd:P40 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via father of), also known as children, daughter, daughters, descendants, father of, etc.: subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039) / subject has the object in their family as their offspring son or daughter (independently of their age) / subject has object as biological, foster, and/or adoptive child / is subproperty of significant person / is subproperty of relative
10. possible creator (wd:P1779 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via creator (possible)), also known as attributed to, creator (possible), P1779: for a creative work with considerable uncertainty about the author

[Assistant] Step 1: I'll list the founders (property P112) of the Wikidata item for Google (wd:Q95) to verify who is recorded as founder(s). I'll run a constrained triple listing for subject wd:Q95 and property wdt:P112.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject         | property              | object                  |
| --------------- | --------------------- | ----------------------- |
| Google (wd:Q95) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Larry Page (wd:Q4934)   |
| Google (wd:Q95) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Sergey Brin (wd:Q92764) |

[Assistant] I'll run an ASK query testing whether the Wikidata item for Google (wd:Q95) has Bill Gates (wd:Q5284) listed with the "founded by" property (wdt:P112). This directly answers the yes/no question.

[Tool] False

[Assistant] The ASK query returned False, meaning Bill Gates is not listed as a founder of Google on Wikidata. I'll now provide the final answer, explaining my steps and presenting the SPARQL query used. Then I'll call the answer function with the final query and result.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?founder ?founderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q848490 wdt:P112 ?founder .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?founder rdfs:label ?founderLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?founderLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Roland Corporation (wd:Q848490), also known as Roland, Roland Corp.

Using properties:
founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.

Answer: I ran the query and it returns Ikutaro Kakehashi (wd:Q322845) as the founder of Roland Corporation (wd:Q848490).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Who founded the Roland Corporation?

[Assistant] Step 1 — I will search Wikidata for the entity corresponding to "Roland Corporation" to find its Q-identifier. I will query the knowledge graph for entities matching that name.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Roland Corporation (wd:Q848490), also known as Roland, Roland Corp.: is instance of musical instrument manufacturing company / Japanese audiovisual equipment company / is instance of business
2. Roland DG (wd:Q2162714, matched via Roland DG Corporation), also known as Roland DG Corporation: is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
3. Roland Foods Corporation (wd:Q23461918): Food importer in New York
4. Roland DGA Corporation (wd:Q22812960): American arm of Roland DG Corporation / is instance of business
5. Roland, Roland (wd:Q106829994): Source: GB-Cu Ms Add 9285 (Cambridge 9285), 633–4 / is instance of musical work/composition
6. McDonald’s (wd:Q38076, matched via McDonald's Corporation), also known as Macca's, Maccas, McD, McDo, McDonald, etc.: is instance of fast food restaurant chain / American fast food restaurant chain / American fast food restaurant chain / is instance of public company / is instance of organization / is instance of organisation / is instance of trademark / is instance of business
7. Sony Group (wd:Q41187, matched via Sony Corporation), also known as Sony, Sony Corp., Sony Corporation, Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation, Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo K.K., etc.: Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation / Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation / Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation / Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation / is instance of multinational corporation / is instance of camera manufacturer / is instance of holding company / is instance of public company / is instance of conglomerate / is instance of brand
8. IBM (wd:Q37156, matched via IBM Corporation), also known as 18M, Big Blue, ibm.com, IBM Corp., IBM Corporation, etc.: American multinational technology and consulting corporation / American multinational technology corporation / is instance of professional services firm / is instance of multinational corporation / is instance of technology company / is instance of software company / is instance of public company / is instance of organization / is instance of organisation / is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
9. Nokia (wd:Q1418, matched via Nokia Corporation), also known as Euronext: NOKIA, Nokia Corporation, Nokia Oyj, Oy Nokia Ab: Finnish multinational telecommunications and information technology company / is instance of public company / is instance of conglomerate / is instance of business
10. KFC (wd:Q524757, matched via KFC Corporation), also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, KFC Corporation, KFC Restaurant: American fast food restaurant chain specializing in fried chicken / American fast food restaurant chain specializing in fried chicken / is instance of fast food restaurant chain / American fast food restaurant chain / American fast food restaurant chain / is instance of public company / is instance of brand

[Assistant] Step 2 — I will search for properties of Roland Corporation related to founders (e.g., "founder", "founded by") to identify the correct property and its usage.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdt, matched via founder), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
2. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt, matched via founded), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
3. location of formation (wd:P740 as p/wdt, matched via founded in), also known as comes from, formation location, formation place, formed in, founded in, etc.: location where a group or organisation was formed / location where a group or organization was formed / is subproperty of location of creation
4. product or material produced (wd:P1056 as p/wdt, matched via maker of), also known as commodity, creates, has product, maker of, makes, etc.: material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process / material or product produced by a business or industry / is subproperty of immediate cause of
5. owner of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt), also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of, P1830: entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject
6. member of (wd:P463 as p/wdt), also known as band member of, in musical group, member of musical group, membership, of organization, etc.: organisation, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / is subproperty of part of
7. social media followers (wd:P8687 as p/wdt, matched via followers), also known as follow count, follower count, follower number, followers, follow number, etc.: number of subscribers on a particular social media website ... time" and property for account. For Twitter, use numeric id.
8. has subsidiary (wd:P355 as p/wdt, matched via parent company of), also known as daughter company, daughter organization, has imprint, imprint, owns, etc.: subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully ... division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749). / subsidiary of a company or organization / is subproperty of has part(s) / is subproperty of owner of / is subproperty of has part
9. logo image (wd:P154 as p/wdt, matched via masthead), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
10. headquarters location (wd:P159 as p/wdt, matched via based in), also known as admin HQ, based in, garrison, head office location, head quarters, etc.: city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / is subproperty of significant place

No other items found

[Assistant] I will query Wikidata for the value(s) of property "founder" (P112) for the Roland Corporation (wd:Q848490). I'll request English rdfs:label for readability. Then I will inspect the results and refine if needed. Now I'll run that SPARQL query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| founder                        | founderLabel           |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| Ikutaro Kakehashi (wd:Q322845) | Ikutaro Kakehashi (en) |

[Assistant]
Final step — I'll provide the final SPARQL query (which retrieves the founder of Roland Corporation) and the textual answer based on the query results. The query will return the founder IRI and its English label.

I will now execute the final query and return the result.

[Tool] Stopping