PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?taxon ?taxonLabel ?start WHERE {
  BIND( wd:Q21446362 AS ?taxon ) OPTIONAL {
    ?taxon wdt:P580 ?start
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?taxon rdfs:label ?taxonLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?taxonLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362), also known as Physiteroidea

Using properties:
start time (wd:P580 as wdt), also known as began, beginning, building date, effective, effectivity, etc.

Answer: The query returns Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) with start time -25000000-01-01T00:00:00, i.e. about 25 million years ago. So, according to Wikidata, the earliest sperm whales existed around 25 million years ago.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] When did the first sperm whales exist?

[Assistant] I will first search Wikidata for entities corresponding to "sperm whale" and related taxonomic groups (e.g., the species Physeter macrocephalus, the family Physeteridae, and the superfamily Physeteroidea). Then I'll look for properties that record the time of first appearance or fossil range (e.g., "fossil range", "taxon name author", or "taxon temporal range"). I'll verify identifiers before composing the final SPARQL query. Now I'll search for "sperm whale".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. sperm whale (wd:Q81214), also known as cachalot, Physeter macrocephalus: largest species of toothed whale / is instance of taxon / is subclass of whale / is subclass of Whale
2. Sperm Whale (wd:Q20111251), also known as Nahang-e-Anbar: 2015 film directed by Saman Moghadam / is instance of film
3. Sperm whale (wd:Q115479916): water colour painting of a sperm whale / is instance of painting
4. sperm whale (wd:Q113680749), also known as cachalot: fictional monster from Dungeons & Dragons / is subclass of monster / is subclass of whale
5. pygmy sperm whale (wd:Q244300), also known as Kogia breviceps: is instance of taxon / species of mammal
6. dwarf sperm whale (wd:Q42669), also known as Kogia sima: is instance of taxon / species of mammal
7. Sperm Whale Head (wd:Q21903224): is instance of point / point in Australia / point in Australia / point in Australia
8. macroraptorial sperm whale (wd:Q56274847), also known as raptorial sperm whale: highly predatory whales of the sperm whale superfamily (Physeteroidea) of the Miocene epoch / is instance of class of organisms known by one particular common name / is instance of organisms known by a particular common name / is subclass of Cetacea
9. sperm whale brain (wd:Q25685060): is subclass of encephalon
10. Sperm Whales (wd:Q58942960): scientific article published in Nature / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article

[Assistant] I'll search Wikidata for taxonomic groups: Physeteroidea (sperm whale superfamily) and Physeteridae (family), and then look for properties that give fossil ranges or first appearance (like "fossil range" Palaeobiology-related properties). I'll start by searching for Physeteroidea.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362), also known as Physiteroidea: superfamily of whales (Cetacea) / is instance of taxon
2. Macroraptorial sperm whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Peru (wd:Q55868672): scholarly article by Olivier Lambert et al published September 2016 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
3. ‘Aulophyseter’ rionegrensis (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina): a reappraisal (wd:Q110669611): scholarly article published in 2020 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
4. A new stem-sperm whale (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Latest Miocene of Peru (wd:Q54086928): scholarly article by Olivier Lambert et al published August 2008 in Comptes Rendus Palevol / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
5. First record of a macroraptorial sperm whale (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Argentina (wd:Q128652853): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scholarly article
6. A fossil sperm whale (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the Pleistocene of Nauru, equatorial southwest Pacific (wd:Q55983268): scholarly article by Erich M. G. Fitzgerald published July 2011 in Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
7. Fossil Pygmy Sperm Whales (Odontoceti; Physeteroidea; Kogiidae) from the Late Miocene of Panama and Early Pliocene of Florida (wd:Q127715972): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scholarly article
8. A Sperm Whale (Cetacea: Physeteroidea) from the Paraná ... Miocene) of Entre Rís, Argentina. Environment and Taphonomy (wd:Q63383487): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / article
9. Sperm whales (Physeteroidea) from the Pisco Formation, Peru, and their trophic role as fat sources for late Miocene sharks (wd:Q121177237): scientific article published in 2022 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
10. A new longirostrine sperm whale (Cetacea, Physeteroidea) from the lower Miocene of the Pisco Basin (southern coast of Peru) (wd:Q106699541): scholarly article by Olivier Lambert et al published 21 September 2020 in Journal of Systematic Palaeontology / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article

[Assistant] I'll open the Physeteroidea entity to inspect its properties, especially anything like fossil range or earliest fossil.

[Tool]
Got 197 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                      | property                                        | object                                                                      |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | instance of (wdt:P31)                           | taxon (wd:Q16521)                                                           |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                     | Physeteroidea                                                               |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | image (wdt:P18)                                 | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sperm%20whale%2012.jpg> |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                          | /m/01tk70                                                                   |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | parent taxon (wdt:P171)                         | Odontoceti (wd:Q144144)                                                     |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | taxon name (wdt:P225)                           | Physeteroidea                                                               |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | taxon rank (wdt:P105)                           | superfamily (wd:Q2136103)                                                   |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | start time (wdt:P580)                           | -25000000-01-01T00:00:00 (xsd:dateTime)                                     |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | topic's main category (wdt:P910)                | wd:Q9673529                                                                 |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | Bibliothèque nationale de France ID (wdtn:P268) | <http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11971058v#about>                           |
| ...                          | ...                                             | ...                                                                         |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query to get the "start time" (wdt:P580) for the sperm-whale superfamily Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362). This property records the earliest time associated with the taxon (fossil range start). I'll retrieve the taxon IRI, its English label, and the start time. Now I will execute that query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| taxon                        | taxonLabel         | start                                   |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------ | --------------------------------------- |
| Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) | Physeteroidea (en) | -25000000-01-01T00:00:00 (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll also check the family Physeteridae to see its recorded start time, in case that is relevant. I'll search for Physeteridae then retrieve its start time.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757): is instance of taxon / family of mammals
2. BILIARY BILE ACID COMPOSITION OF THE PHYSETERIDAE (SPERM WHALES) (wd:Q56286527): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / article
3. Le genre Kogia (Cetacea, Physeteridae) sur les côtes du Sénégal (wd:Q110672718): scholarly article published in 1981 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
4. A small sperm whale (Cetacea: Odontoceti, Physeteridae) from the Miocene of Antwerp (wd:Q100681170): scholarly article by Noud Peters & Han Monteiro published 2005 in Deinsea: Annual of the Natural History Museum Rotterdam / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
5. The diversity and distribution of the cetaceans of Costa Rica (Cetacea: Delphinidae, Physeteridae, Ziphiidae y Balaenopteridae) (wd:Q31096533): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / scientific article
6. A new species of Middle Miocene sperm whale of the genus Scaldicetus (Cetacea; Physeteridae) from Shiga-mura, Japan (wd:Q54086969): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / article
7. Middle/late Miocene hoplocetine sperm whale remains ... Germany with an emended classification of the Hoplocetinae (wd:Q113333719): scientific article published on 13 June 2014 / scientific article published on 13 June 2014 / scientific article published on 13 June 2014 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
8. Middle/late Miocene hoplocetine sperm whale remains ... Germany with an emended classification of the Hoplocetinae (wd:Q59665230): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / article
9. Cephalopods in the potential prey field of sperm whales ... (Cetacea: Physeteridae) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (wd:Q56004632): scholarly article by Heather Judkins et al published 13 August 2013 in Journal of Natural History / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article
10. The comparative anatomy of the nasal tract and the function of the spermaceti organ in the Physeteridae (Mammalia, Odontoceti) (wd:Q90572685): scientific article published in 1973 / scientific article published in 1973 / scientific article published in 1973 / is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article

[Tool]
Got 333 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                               | object                                                                                |
| -------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | instance of (wdt:P31)                  | taxon (wd:Q16521)                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | Google Knowledge Graph ID (wdtn:P2671) | <http://g.co/kg/g/121m84d5>                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | Commons category (wdt:P373)            | Physeteridae                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | image (wdt:P18)                        | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anim1753%20-%20Flickr%20-%20NOAA%20Photo%20Library.jpg> |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | parent taxon (wdt:P171)                | Odontoceti (wd:Q144144)                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | taxon name (wdt:P225)                  | Physeteridae                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | taxon rank (wdt:P105)                  | family (wd:Q35409)                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | GBIF taxon ID (wdt:P846)               | 5446                                                                                |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | GND ID (wdtn:P227)                     | <https://d-nb.info/gnd/4175505-4>                                                                           |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | Catalogue of Life ID (wdt:P10585)      | 625M2                                                                                |
| ...                        | ...                                    | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I don't see a start time among the first rows in the list output, but the entity may have one. I'll run a SPARQL query to get the start time for Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| taxon                      | taxonLabel        | start |
| -------------------------- | ----------------- | ----- |
| Physeteridae (wd:Q1574757) | Physeteridae (en) |       |

[Assistant] I'll check the main species "sperm whale" (Physeter macrocephalus, wd:Q81214) for any start time or fossil range properties.

[Tool]
Got 793 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property                    | object                                                                                |
| ----------------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | instance of (wdt:P31)       | taxon (wd:Q16521)                                                                            |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | Commons category (wdt:P373) | Physeter macrocephalus                                                                       |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | image (wdt:P18)             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mother%20and%20baby%20sperm%20whale.jpg> |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | subclass of (wdt:P279)      | whale (wd:Q1865281)                                                                          |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)      | /m/01tj8f                                                                                |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | parent taxon (wdt:P171)     | Physeter (wd:Q3382003)                                                                       |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | taxon name (wdt:P225)       | Physeter macrocephalus                                                                       |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | taxon rank (wdt:P105)       | species (wd:Q7432)                                                                           |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | GBIF taxon ID (wdt:P846)    | 8123917                                                                                |
| sperm whale (wd:Q81214) | short name (wdt:P1813)      | P. macrocephalus (mul)                                                                       |
| ...                     | ...                         | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I don't immediately see a start time for the species. The user's question likely asks: "When did the first sperm whales exist?" That could mean when did the earliest members of the sperm whale lineage appear — i.e., the earliest fossil record of Physeteroidea or earliest appearance date. Physeteroidea has start time -25,000,000 (25 million years ago). I'll verify other related taxa, like Physeter (genus) or older stem groups like "basal physeteroids" might have older ages. Search for fossil range or "first appearance" entries. I'll search for properties related to fossil range or start time.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Fossilworks taxon ID (wd:P842 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as P842: identifier for an animal, plant, or microorganism in the Fossilworks database
2. main food source (wd:P1034 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via ecology (Fossilworks field  name)), also known as diet, eats, ecology (Fossilworks field  name), food plant, food source, etc.: species, genus or family that an organism depends on for nutrition
3. Paleobiology Database taxon ID (wd:P10907 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as PaleoBioDB ID, PaleoDB ID, PBDB ID, P10907: identifier for a fossil taxon in the Paleobiology Database
4. taxon range (wd:P9714 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via range of taxon), also known as geographic range, geographic range of taxon, range, range of taxon, taxon geographic range, etc.: geographic area(s) where a taxon is found
5. year of publication of scientific name for taxon (wd:P574 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via taxon date), also known as date of scientific description, date of taxon description publication, described in, taxon date, taxon year, etc.: year when this taxon was formally described (for animals); year when this taxon name was formally established (for plants) / year when this scientific name was formally established / is subproperty of date of publication / is subproperty of publication date
6. Lygaeoidea Species File taxon ID (new) (wd:P12818 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as P12818: identifier for a taxon in the Lygaeoidea Species File database
7. Phasmida Species File taxon ID (new) (wd:P12819 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as P12819: identifier for a taxon in the Phasmida Species File database
8. IFPNI author ID (wd:P9738 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq, matched via International Fossil Plant Names Index author identifier), also known as IFPNI author identifier, International Fossil Plant Names Index author ID, International Fossil Plant Names Index author identifier, P9738: identifier for an author in the International Fossil Plant Names Index (IFPNI)
9. fossil found in this unit (wd:P1137 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as P1137: fossils that are found in this stratigraphic unit
10. FOIH taxon ID (wd:P4311 as p/wdtn/pqn/pqv/wdt/prv/pr/ps/psn/prn/psv/pq), also known as Flemish organization for Immovable Heritage taxon ID, FOIH species ID, Onroerend Erfgoed taxon ID, P4311: identifier for a taxon in the thesaurus of the Flemish organization for Immovable Heritage

[Assistant]
We know P580 (start time) exists and is used on Physeteroidea with value -25000000-... meaning 25 million years ago. The user asked "When did the first sperm whales exist?" I should clarify if they mean first members of the sperm whale lineage: earliest appearance of Physeteroidea is 25 million years ago (Late Oligocene / early Miocene boundary?), but -25,000,000 corresponds to 25 million years ago which is roughly late Oligocene / early Miocene (Miocene starts ~23.03 Ma). The start time of -25 Ma suggests Oligocene-Miocene boundary. But the instruction requires returning the actual SPARQL query and executing it. I need to produce a SPARQL query that answers this: perhaps retrieve the earliest start time among taxa whose English labels contain "sperm whale" or are in the taxonomic lineage of Physeteroidea. But better: query for Physeteroidea's start time and return that. The user likely expects a simple answer: first sperm whales existed about 25 million years ago. But must follow step-by-step with explanations and show thought process before and after each function call. We already have done searches and listings. Next step: construct final SPARQL query to fetch earliest start time for the sperm whale superfamily and maybe the taxon with earliest start among items subclass of Physeteroidea. However simpler and safer: return start time for Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362). Also ensure query returns the IRI. And execute it as final check - we already executed similar query earlier via functions.execute. But final SPARQL must be executed by functions.answer, which requires providing query and answer. It also needs that the SPARQL query should return identifiers / IRIs. Our earlier query did that. I'll prepare a final SPARQL SELECT that returns ?taxon (IRI), ?taxonLabel (optional), and ?start, for wd:Q21446362. Then call functions.answer. Also must explain thought process before and after each step and function call. For the final answer, the functions.answer call will execute the query; but we already executed similar query. Nevertheless must proceed as instructed: explain thought process before calling answer, then call functions.answer. After the call, I must also explain results? The tool will return; but developer instructions: "Provide your final SPARQL query and answer to the user question based on the query results." The functions.answer will execute and stop generation. So before calling it, I must explain thought process. Also earlier we executed queries and listed results; those steps included explanations. Now finalize.

Compose explanation: Summarize reasoning: user asked when first sperm whales existed -> interpret as earliest members of sperm whale superfamily Physeteroidea; found Physeteroidea wdt:P580 = -25000000... meaning 25,000,000 years ago. Then show final SPARQL query (same as earlier) that returns taxon IRI and start. Then call functions.answer with that query and answer string "About 25 million years ago (start time -25,000,000) — earliest record: Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362) start time  -25000000-01-01T00:00:00." The answer needs to be based on query results; avoid extra calculations. Should mention geologic epoch? Maybe brief: around 25 million years ago (Late Oligocene / Early Miocene). But must ensure not to compute beyond SPARQL; it's okay to add plain interpretation. Developer rule: "Do not perform additional computation on the result of SPARQL query to determine the answer." But interpretation like "about 25 million years ago" is derived directly from the date -25,000,000, so it's fine. Keep concise.

Now prepare final SPARQL: same as earlier.

Let's follow instruction to explain thought process before and after function call. Then call functions.answer.
I'll run a final SPARQL query that retrieves the recorded start time (wdt:P580) for the sperm-whale superfamily Physeteroidea (wd:Q21446362). This property represents the earliest known time for that taxon in Wikidata, which answers when the first sperm whales (members of the sperm-whale lineage) existed according to Wikidata. Now I'll execute the query and give the result.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?person ?personLabel ?spouse ?spouseLabel WHERE {
  ?person wdt:P106 wd:Q11397897 .
  ?person wdt:P26 ?spouse .
  ?spouse wdt:P31 wd:Q2035494 .
  ?person wdt:P172 wd:Q2292830 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?person rdfs:label ?personLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?personLabel ) = "en" )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?spouse rdfs:label ?spouseLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?spouseLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Using entities:
swordfighter (wd:Q11397897), also known as sword-fighter, swordsman, swordsmen, swordswoman
half-elven (wd:Q2035494)
Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830)

Using properties:
occupation (wd:P106 as wdt), also known as avocation, career, craft, employ, employment, etc.
ethnic group (wd:P172 as wdt), also known as (cultural) nationality, culture, ethnicity, ethnic or cultural origin, people, etc.
spouse (wd:P26 as wdt), also known as common-law husband, common-law spouse, common-law wife, husband, husbands, etc.
instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.

Answer: Aragorn (wd:Q180322) — he is a swordfighter, belonged to the Rangers of the North, and married the half-elven Arwen (wd:Q206018).

which swordfighter in the lord of the rings marry a half-elven and belong to rangers of the north?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] which swordfighter in the lord of the rings marry a half-elven and belong to rangers of the north?

[Assistant] I will search Wikidata for likely entities: "Aragorn", "Arwen", and a term for "Rangers of the North". I'll explain each step and run searches to find exact item identifiers and relevant properties (spouse, membership, occupation).

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Aragorn (wd:Q180322), also known as Aragorn II, Elessar, Strider, Telcontar, Thorongil: fictional character from J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium / is instance of Middle-earth man / has occupation military leader / is instance of film character / has occupation swordfighter
2. Aragorn I (wd:Q2608783, matched via Aragorn), also known as Aragorn: fictional character from J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium / is instance of Middle-earth man
3. Aragorn (wd:Q3549229): fictional winged horse in the Marvel Universe / is instance of comics character / is instance of fictional horse
4. Aragorn (wd:Q4783733): is instance of Horse / is instance of horse / racehorse
5. Aragorn (wd:Q2450588): is instance of musical work/composition / music from Hardy Mertens
6. Aragorn (wd:Q18241882): is instance of rock band / rock group
7. Aragorn (wd:Q18939906), also known as Aragorn, Geldrop: street in Geldrop, the Netherlands / is instance of street
8. Mount Aragorn (wd:Q22413859): mountain in British Columbia, Canada / is instance of mountain
9. Aragorn Eloff (wd:Q102281041), also known as Aragorn23, Asqus: South African philosopher and musician / has occupation philosopher / has occupation Philosopher / has occupation musician / is instance of human
10. Aragorn Peak (wd:Q115034202): mountain peak in New Zealand / is instance of summit / is instance of Summit

[Assistant] I'll search for Arwen and for properties indicating "half-elven" and "Rangers of the North" membership to confirm exact Wikidata identifiers and relevant properties. Then I'll build a SPARQL query that finds characters who are swordfighters, married to a half-elf, and are members of the Rangers of the North.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Arwen (wd:Q206018), also known as Arwen Evenstar, Arwen Undómiel, Evenstar, Undómiel: fictional character from J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium / is instance of fantasy film character / is instance of literary character / is instance of half-elven
2. Arwen (wd:Q20000157): is instance of female given name / female given name / female given name / female given name
3. Arwen (wd:Q123871625), also known as Arwen, S.T., S.H., M.H.: Indonesian politician (born 1958 in Pekanbaru) / has occupation politician / is instance of human
4. Arwen (wd:Q107378676), also known as Arwen (family name), Arwen (surname): is instance of family name / is instance of surname / family name / family name / surname
5. Arwen (wd:Q105767295), also known as IMO 9411288: is instance of ship / ship built in 2007
6. Arwen (wd:Q18940704): street in Geldrop, the Netherlands / is instance of street
7. ARWEN 37 (wd:Q2819392): is instance of weapon model / is subclass of riot gun / non-lethal launcher
8. Arwen Humphreys (wd:Q110682386): has occupation television actor / has occupation voice actor / has occupation actor / is instance of human
9. Arwen Gorb (wd:Q101541742), also known as Arwen Rühl: has occupation handball player / German handball player / is instance of human
10. Storm Arwen (wd:Q109861597): extratropical hurricane that was part of the 2021–22 European windstorm season / is instance of European windstorm

[Assistant] Aragorn is likely the swordfighter who married Arwen (a half-elven) and belonged to the Rangers of the North. I will verify Aragorn's properties: spouse and membership in the Rangers of the North, and occupation "swordfighter" or similar. I'll inspect properties of wd:Q180322.

[Tool]
Got 487 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject              | property                                        | object                                                           |
| -------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | instance of (wdt:P31)                           | film character (wd:Q15773347)                                    |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | occupation (wdt:P106)                           | swordfighter (wd:Q11397897)                                      |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)                         | male (wd:Q6581097)                                               |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                     | Aragorn                                                          |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | image (wdt:P18)                                 | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Aragorn.png> |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                          | /m/0gwlg                                                         |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | VIAF cluster ID (wdtn:P214)                     | <http://viaf.org/viaf/316794269>                                 |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | languages spoken, written or signed (wdt:P1412) | Westron (wd:Q1232159)                                            |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | GND ID (wdtn:P227)                              | <https://d-nb.info/gnd/1081826967>                               |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | child (wdt:P40)                                 | Eldarion (wd:Q1632303)                                           |
| ...                  | ...                                             | ...                                                              |

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830): Human group from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium / is subclass of Ranger in Tolkien's legendarium / is instance of Middle-earth people / is subclass of Dúnedain
2. Rangers of the North: The Kingdom of Arthedain (wd:Q65058758)
3. Angel of the North (wd:Q1325290, matched via The Angel of the North), also known as The Angel of the North: sculpture by Antony Gormley / is instance of sculpture
4. Elgin Cathedral (wd:Q922690, matched via The Lantern of the North), also known as Cathedral of Moray, The Lantern of the North: historic ruin in Elgin, Scotland, United Kingdom / is instance of cathedral
5. The Call of the North (wd:Q3202201), also known as Call of the North: 1914 film by Cecil B. DeMille, Oscar Apfel / is instance of film
6. The Idol of the North (wd:Q18915050), also known as Idol of the North: 1921 film by Roy William Neill / is instance of film
7. The Law of the North (wd:Q23091030), also known as Law of the North: 1918 film by Irvin Willat / is instance of film
8. The Lords of the North (wd:Q743764): 2006 novel by Bernard Cornwell / is instance of literary work
9. The Law of the North (wd:Q104878771): is instance of film / 1917 silent film
10. The Call of the North (wd:Q28196173), also known as Call of the North: 1929 film by Nunzio Malasomma / is instance of film

[Tool]
Got 86 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                            | property                            | object                                     |
| ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | instance of (wdt:P31)               | Middle-earth people (wd:Q17412916)         |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | subclass of (wdt:P279)              | Dúnedain (wd:Q748994)                      |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)              | /m/029n8q                                  |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | topic's main category (wdt:P910)    | wd:Q8395468                                |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | from narrative universe (wdt:P1080) | Tolkien's legendarium (wd:Q81738)          |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | Comic Vine ID (wdt:P5905)           | 4060-59180                                 |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | Tolkien Gateway ID (wdt:P11935)     | Rangers_of_the_North                       |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | schema:description                  | grupa z legendarium J. R. R. Tolkiena (pl) |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | schema:name                         | Dírhael (cs)                               |
| Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) | rdf:type                            | wikibase:Item                              |
| ...                                | ...                                 | ...                                        |

[Assistant] I'll search for the Wikidata item for "half-elven" to use as a class constraint for the spouse. Then I'll build a query that finds characters with occupation swordfighter, spouse being instance of half-elven, and membership in Rangers of the North. I'll run intermediate queries to verify.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. half-elven (wd:Q2035494): fictional people from J.R.R. Tolkien's legendarium / is instance of Middle-earth race / is subclass of Middle-earth man / is subclass of Middle-earth elf / is subclass of half-elf / is subclass of elves
2. Tanis Half-Elven (wd:Q1061793): fictional character from Dragonlance / is instance of animated character / is instance of literary character / has occupation swordfighter / has occupation adventurer / is instance of half-elf / has occupation warrior

[Tool]
Got 322 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                    | object                                                                              |
| ------------------ | --------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | instance of (wdt:P31)       | fantasy film character (wd:Q117289741)                                              |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)     | female (wd:Q6581072)                                                                |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | given name (wdt:P735)       | Arwen (wd:Q20000157)                                                                |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | Commons category (wdt:P373) | Arwen                                                                               |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | image (wdt:P18)             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Arwen%20by%20Anna%20Kulisz.jpg> |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | family name (wdt:P734)      | _:bn90058                                                                           |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)      | /m/0h1b6                                                                            |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | place of birth (wdt:P19)    | Rivendell (wd:Q218562)                                                              |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | child (wdt:P40)             | Eldarion (wd:Q1632303)                                                              |
| Arwen (wd:Q206018) | place of death (wdt:P20)    | Lothlórien (wd:Q308659)                                                             |
| ...                | ...                         | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] Now I'll construct a SPARQL query that finds individuals (?person) with occupation swordfighter (wdt:P106 = wd:Q11397897), spouse (?spouse) who is instance of half-elven (wdt:P31 = wd:Q2035494), and member of Rangers of the North (either via "member of" (wdt:P463) or "part of" or "member of sports team" etc). I need to find the correct property for being member of a group: usually "member of" (wdt:P463) or "position held" or "affiliation". For fictional groups, "member of" (P463) is used. I will search for properties linking Aragorn to Rangers of the North to confirm which property is used.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject              | property             | object                               |
| -------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | member of (wdt:P463) | Fellowship of the Ring (wd:Q2071479) |

[Assistant] Aragorn has member of Fellowship of the Ring but not Rangers of the North via P463. Maybe "participant in" or "affiliation" or "movement"? Let's search for any triple where subject is Aragorn and object is Rangers of the North.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject              | property                | object                             |
| -------------------- | ----------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | ethnic group (wdt:P172) | Rangers of the North (wd:Q2292830) |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query that looks for items with occupation "swordfighter" (wd:Q11397897), a spouse (wdt:P26) who is instance of "half-elven" (wd:Q2035494), and that belong to the "Rangers of the North" via the ethnic group property (wdt:P172 = wd:Q2292830). I'll request English labels as optional fields. Now I'll execute the query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| person               | personLabel  | spouse             | spouseLabel |
| -------------------- | ------------ | ------------------ | ----------- |
| Aragorn (wd:Q180322) | Aragorn (en) | Arwen (wd:Q206018) | Arwen (en)  |

[Assistant] The query returned Aragorn married to Arwen, with Aragorn having occupation swordfighter and being of ethnic group Rangers of the North, and Arwen instance of half-elven. This matches the user's question. I'll prepare the final SPARQL query and answer. I must explain the thought process before and after each step and function call — I've been doing that. Now I'll call the answer function with the final query and the answer.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?company ?companyLabel ?inception WHERE {
  VALUES ?company {
    wd:Q2905359 wd:Q3821214
  }
  ?company wdt:P571 ?inception .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?company rdfs:label ?companyLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?companyLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY ?inception
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Black Diamond Equipment (wd:Q2905359)
La Sportiva (wd:Q3821214)

Using properties:
inception (wd:P571 as wdt), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.

Answer: La Sportiva started earlier (inception 1928) than Black Diamond Equipment (inception 1989).

which company started earlier, Black Diamond Equipment or la sportiva?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] which company started earlier, Black Diamond Equipment or la sportiva?

[Assistant] I will first search Wikidata for the two company items to get their Q-IDs. I'll search for "Black Diamond Equipment" first.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Black Diamond Equipment (wd:Q2905359): Manufacturer of equipment for climbing, skiing, and mountain sports / is instance of public company / is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
2. anthracite (wd:Q182458, matched via black diamond), also known as anthracite coal, black coal, black diamond, blind coal, craw coal, etc.: hard coal with a volatile component (gas) of less than 10 % / is subclass of bituminous coal / is subclass of coal
3. Black Diamond (wd:Q1191152), also known as Black Diamond, WA, Black Diamond, Washington: city in King County, Washington, United States / is instance of city in the United States / is instance of city of the United States
4. Black Diamond (wd:Q570406), also known as Black Diamond, FL, Black Diamond, Florida: census designated place in Citrus County, Florida, United States / is instance of census-designated place in the United States / is instance of census-designated place
5. carbonado (wd:Q429950, matched via black diamond), also known as black diamond: toughest form of natural diamond; it is an impure form of ... diamond consisting of diamond, graphite, and amorphous carbon / is subclass of diamond
6. Black Diamond (wd:Q880216): former town in Alberta, Canada / is instance of village / is instance of town
7. ♦ (wd:Q87526866, matched via BLACK DIAMOND SUIT), also known as BLACK DIAMOND SUIT, diamond emoji, diamond suit emoji, U+2666: is instance of Unicode character / is instance of emoji / Unicode character
8. Black Diamond (wd:Q1142174), also known as Black Diamond (library), The Black Diamond: modern waterfront extension to the Royal Danish Library's old building / is instance of library building / is instance of library
9. The Black Diamond (wd:Q20802174), also known as Black Diamond, Le Diamant noir: 1922 film directed by André Hugon / is instance of film
10. Black Diamond (wd:Q3267984): Stratovarius's seventh single / is instance of single / is instance of song

[Assistant] Next I'll search Wikidata for "La Sportiva" to get its item identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. La Sportiva (wd:Q3821214): Outdoor Sporting Goods Company / is instance of enterprise / is instance of business
2. Sociedad Sportiva Argentina (wd:Q39081671, matched via La Sportiva), also known as La Sportiva: is instance of defunct rugby union club / defunct sports club in Buenos Aires / is instance of defunct sports team / is instance of sports club / is instance of sport club
3. La Domenica Sportiva (wd:Q3208328): is instance of television programme / is instance of television program / Italian TV series or program
4. SS Lazio (wd:Q2609, matched via Societa Sportiva Lazio), also known as Lazio Calcio, Lazio Sport Society, Lazio Sports Society, Societa Sportiva Lazio, Società Sportiva Lazio, etc.: football section of the sports club based in Rome, Lazio, Italy / is instance of men's association football team / is instance of association football club / Italian national soccer team / is instance of soccer club
5. La Domenica Sportiva Estate (wd:Q114560708): is instance of television programme / is instance of television program / Italian television program
6. Fiat Sportiva Latina (wd:Q50397322): is instance of concept car
7. Unione sportiva La Piemonte (wd:Q124297461): Italian institution in Torino / is instance of archive
8. La Sportiva Competition Award (wd:Q66761549): is instance of award
9. S.S. Lazio Marines (wd:Q3963703, matched via Società Sportiva Lazio Marines), also known as Lazio Marines, Marines Lazio, Società Sportiva Lazio Marines, S.S. Lazio Marines AFT: American football team based in Roma, Italy / is instance of American football team
10. Associazione Sportiva La Fratellanza 1874 (wd:Q100527922): is instance of sports club / is instance of sport club

[Assistant] I'll look for properties on the Black Diamond item related to foundation or inception (terms like "inception", "founded", "founding date") to find the correct property. I'll search properties of wd:Q2905359 for "inception" first.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
2. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdt, matched via started by), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
3. Instagram username (wd:P2003 as p/wdt, matched via urinsta), also known as https://www.instagram.com, IG account, IG profile, igram, IG username, etc.: is subproperty of website username or ID / item's username on Instagram / item's username on Instagram / item's username on Instagram
4. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via is an), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
5. industry (wd:P452 as p/wdt, matched via branch), also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector, etc.: specific industry of company or organization / is subproperty of part of
6. official website (wd:P856 as p/wdt, matched via homepage (official)), also known as home page, homepage, home page (official), homepage (official), official homepage, etc.: URL of the official page of an item (current or former). ... see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page / is subproperty of URL
7. logo image (wd:P154 as p/wdt, matched via insignia), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
8. product or material produced (wd:P1056 as p/wdt, matched via creates), also known as commodity, creates, has product, maker of, makes, etc.: material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process / material or product produced by a business or industry / is subproperty of immediate cause of
9. headquarters location (wd:P159 as p/wdt, matched via headquarters), also known as admin HQ, based in, garrison, head office location, head quarters, etc.: city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / is subproperty of significant place
10. country (wd:P17 as p/wdt, matched via state), also known as host country, land, sovereign state, state, P17: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / is subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll inspect the Black Diamond item to see the inception value. I'll list triples for wd:Q2905359 and property wdt:P571.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                               | property             | object                              |
| ------------------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Black Diamond Equipment (wd:Q2905359) | inception (wdt:P571) | 1989-12-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] Black Diamond was founded (inception) on 1989-12-01. Now I'll check La Sportiva's inception property. I'll search properties of wd:Q3821214 for inception.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
2. location of formation (wd:P740 as p/wdt, matched via from), also known as comes from, formation location, formation place, formed in, founded in, etc.: location where a group or organisation was formed / location where a group or organization was formed / is subproperty of location of creation
3. motto text (wd:P1451 as p/wdt, matched via mission), also known as maxime, mission, mission statement, slogan, strapline, etc.: short motivation sentence associated to item / short motivation sentence associated to item / short motivation sentence associated to item / short motivation sentence associated to item
4. Instagram username (wd:P2003 as p/wdt, matched via urinsta), also known as https://www.instagram.com, IG account, IG profile, igram, IG username, etc.: is subproperty of website username or ID / item's username on Instagram / item's username on Instagram / item's username on Instagram
5. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via is an), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. image (wd:P18 as p/wdt, matched via illustration), also known as camera picture, Commons image, drawing, File:, graph, etc.: image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image) / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. official website (wd:P856 as p/wdt, matched via homepage (official)), also known as home page, homepage, home page (official), homepage (official), official homepage, etc.: URL of the official page of an item (current or former). ... see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page / is subproperty of URL
8. logo image (wd:P154 as p/wdt, matched via insignia), also known as insignia, logo, logomark, mark, marque, etc.: graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organisations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products / is subproperty of icon
9. coordinate location (wd:P625 as p/wdt, matched via position), also known as co-ordinate location, co-ordinates, coordinates, co-ords, coords, etc.: geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment / coordinates of the subject / coordinates of the subject
10. headquarters location (wd:P159 as p/wdt, matched via headquarters), also known as admin HQ, based in, garrison, head office location, head quarters, etc.: city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / specific location where an organisation's HQ is or has been located / is subproperty of significant place

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll list the inception triple for La Sportiva (wd:Q3821214).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                   | property             | object                              |
| ------------------------- | -------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| La Sportiva (wd:Q3821214) | inception (wdt:P571) | 1928-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query that fetches the inception dates for both company items (found earlier as wd:Q2905359 and wd:Q3821214), orders by inception ascending, and returns the earliest company. This verifies in the knowledge graph which started earlier. I'll now execute that query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| company                   | companyLabel     | inception                           |
| ------------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| La Sportiva (wd:Q3821214) | La Sportiva (en) | 1928-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] The query returned La Sportiva with inception 1928, which is earlier than Black Diamond's 1989. I'll now finish by providing the final answer and include the SPARQL query used.

[Tool] Stopping