PREFIX p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/>
PREFIX ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?holder ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  wd:Q765165 p:P39 ?brezStmt .
  ?brezStmt ps:P39 wd:Q1048744 .
  ?brezStmt pq:P580 ?brezhnevStart .
  ?holder p:P39 ?stmt .
  ?stmt ps:P39 wd:Q1048744 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?stmt pq:P580 ?start .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?stmt pq:P582 ?end .
  }
  FILTER ( ( BOUND( ?start ) && ?start < ?brezhnevStart ) || ( BOUND( ?end ) && ?end <= ?brezhnevStart ) )
}

Using entities:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744), also known as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Soviet Union, Gensek of the CPSU
Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q765165), also known as Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev

Using properties:
position held (wd:P39 as p/ps), also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held, etc.
start time (wd:P580 as pq), also known as began, beginning, building date, effective, effectivity, etc.
end time (wd:P582 as pq), also known as abolished, cease date, cease operation, cease time, closed, etc.

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

Answer: 2 (They are Joseph Stalin and Nikita Khrushchev).

How many General Secretaries of the CPSU were there before Leonid Brezhnev?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] How many General Secretaries of the CPSU were there before Leonid Brezhnev?

[Assistant] I will first find the Wikidata item for Leonid Brezhnev and for the office "General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" (CPSU). Then I'll list holders of that office and count those who held it before Brezhnev (i.e., whose start time is before Brezhnev's start, or whose tenure ended before Brezhnev started). I'll search for relevant entities and properties to build the query. I'll start by locating Leonid Brezhnev's item.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q765165), also known as Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev: General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1906–1982) / General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1906–1982) / has occupation Military personnel / has occupation military personnel / has occupation land surveyor / has occupation politician / has occupation surveyor / has occupation engineer / is instance of human
2. Admiral Kuznetsov (wd:Q274924, matched via Leonid Brezhnev), also known as Admiral Flota Sovetskovo Soyuza Kuznetsov, aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, Leonid Brezhnev, Riga, Tbilisi: 1985 Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier / is instance of aircraft cruiser / is instance of aircraft carrier
3. Starry Metropolis (wd:Q22968553, matched via Leonid Brezhnev), also known as CT Neptune, IMO 7359498, Kareliya, Leonid Brezhnev, Neptune, etc.: is instance of cruise ship / ship built in 1976
4. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q131583282), also known as Whiskey on the Rocks Leonid Brezhnev: Leonid Brezhnev as depicted in television series Whiskey on the Rocks / is instance of historical character / is instance of television character / is instance of fictional human / has occupation politician
5. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q58345911): is instance of scholarly article / is instance of academic article / Scientific article (April 2014)
6. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q47511657): painting by Harvey Simpson / is instance of painting
7. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q47509621): painting by Boris Artzybasheff / painting by Boris Artzybasheff / is instance of painting
8. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q47510509): painting by Boris Chaliapin / painting by Boris Chaliapin / is instance of painting
9. Leonid Brezhnev (wd:Q47510378): painting by Burton Philip Silverman / painting by Burton Silverman / is instance of painting
10. Yuri Brezhnev (wd:Q8061482, matched via Yuri Leonidovich Brezhnev), also known as Yuri Leonidovich Brezhnev: Soviet politician (1933-2013) / has occupation politician / is instance of human

[Assistant] I'll search for the office "General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1048744), also known as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, General Secretary of the Soviet Union, Gensek of the CPSU: de facto head of state of the Soviet Union and dirigent of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union / is instance of historical position / is subclass of general secretary / is subclass of head of state / is subclass of party leader
2. General Department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q16682297): is instance of Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union / organization
3. Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q115147301): is instance of historical position / is subclass of secretary
4. Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1800161), also known as RCWP-CPSU, Russian Communist Workers' Party – Revolutionary Party of Communists: is instance of Political parties in Russia / Anti-revisionist communist party in Russia
5. The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q2657367), also known as A Short History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: history book commissioned by Joseph Stalin / is instance of creative work / is instance of written work
6. Office of the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (wd:Q28413293)
7. Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q842008): highest policy-making government authority under the Communist Party of the Soviet Union / is instance of politburo / is instance of CPSU body / is subclass of politburo
8. Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q1851579): administration organ of the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union / is instance of secretariat / is instance of CPSU body
9. Conference of Representatives of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (wd:Q4231782): is subclass of party conference
10. Peak of the 19th Congress of the CPSU (wd:Q89029959, matched via Peak of the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union), also known as Peak of the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: peak in the Trans-Alay range / is instance of mountain

[Assistant] I'll first retrieve Leonid Brezhnev's start date as General Secretary from the P39 statement (position held) so I can compare other holders' start/end times to it. I'll run a query to get the pq:P580 qualifier for the P39 statement where ps:P39 = the CPSU General Secretary office.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| brezhnevStart                       |
| ----------------------------------- |
| 1964-10-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query that finds the start date of Brezhnev's tenure as General Secretary, then counts distinct people who held the same office with either a start date before Brezhnev's start or an end date on or before Brezhnev's start. This captures holders who served entirely before Brezhnev or whose tenure ended when he began. I'll execute the query now.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] I'll list the holders of the office (their IRIs, labels, and start/end dates) who served before Brezhnev to verify which two individuals were counted. I'll execute a query to retrieve those details.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 4 columns:
| holder                        | holderLabel            | start                               | end                                 |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| Joseph Stalin (wd:Q855)       | Joseph Stalin (en)     | 1922-04-03T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1952-10-16T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |
| Nikita Khrushchev (wd:Q35314) | Nikita Khrushchev (en) | 1953-09-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | 1964-10-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?item ?date ?itemLabel WHERE {
  VALUES ?item {
    wd:Q6711
  }
  ?item wdt:P570 ?date .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?item rdfs:label ?itemLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?itemLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q6711), also known as Irwin Allen Ginsberg

Using properties:
date of death (wd:P570 as wdt), also known as date of the end, dead, death, death date, deathdate, etc.

Answer: I queried Wikidata for wd:Q6711 (Allen Ginsberg) and retrieved the date of death property (P570). Allen Ginsberg died on 1997-04-05 (April 5, 1997).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] When did Allen Ginsberg die?

[Assistant]
Step 1 — identify entities and properties:
- Entity: Allen Ginsberg (a person). I will search for the Wikidata item for Allen Ginsberg.
- Property needed: date of death (commonly P570). I'll verify the property after finding the item.

I'll search for the entity "Allen Ginsberg" in Wikidata now.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q6711), also known as Irwin Allen Ginsberg: American poet and writer (1926–1997) / has occupation autobiographer / has occupation photographer / has occupation screenwriter / has occupation playwright / has occupation musician / has occupation teacher / has occupation diarist / has occupation writer / is instance of human / has occupation poet
2. Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q102249265): Ph.D. Rutgers University, New Brunswick 1986 / is instance of human
3. Allen Ginsberg Library (wd:Q117833470): this entity is a library in the state of colorado. it was identified and verified by the chr task force / is instance of library
4. Untitled (Allen Ginsberg) (wd:Q76558858): print in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 155538) / is instance of work of art / is instance of Work of art
5. Ginsberg, Allen (1926-1997), poet (wd:Q103859353): is instance of encyclopaedic article / is instance of encyclopedia article / encyclopedia article
6. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163104): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88333) / is instance of photograph
7. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163102): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88336) / is instance of photograph
8. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64163079): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88334) / is instance of photograph
9. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64162264): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88332) / is instance of photograph
10. Allen Ginsberg no number (wd:Q64162725): photograph in the National Gallery of Art (NGA 88330) / is instance of photograph

[Assistant] I found the Wikidata item wd:Q6711 for Allen Ginsberg. Next I'll verify the property for date of death (P570) on this item. I'll list the statements for this item or search specifically for P570.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                   | property                 | object                              |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q6711) | date of death (wdt:P570) | 1997-04-05T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL query that retrieves the date of death (wdt:P570) for the verified Allen Ginsberg item wd:Q6711. The query will return the item's IRI and the death date; I'll also request the English label as an optional field.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?oscars ?film ?award WHERE {
  {
    SELECT ( COUNT( ?award0 ) AS ?oscars ) WHERE {
      ?film0 wdt:P57 wd:Q55400 .
      ?film0 wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q11424 .
      ?film0 wdt:P166 ?award0 .
      ?award0 wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q19020 .
    }
  }
  ?film wdt:P57 wd:Q55400 .
  ?film wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q11424 .
  ?film wdt:P166 ?award .
  ?award wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q19020 .
}

Using entities:
film (wd:Q11424), also known as cinema, cinematic work, films, flick, motion picture, etc.
Academy Awards (wd:Q19020), also known as Oscars, The Oscars
Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400), also known as Miyazaki Hayao, Tsutomu Teruki

Using properties:
award received (wd:P166 as wdt), also known as award, awarded, awards, awards received, award won, etc.
subclass of (wd:P279 as wdt), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.
instance of (wd:P31 as wdt), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.
director (wd:P57 as wdt), also known as directed by, film director, game director, movie director, P57

Answer:
I ran a query that counts award statements where films directed by Hayao Miyazaki received awards that are instances of the Academy Awards. The films directed by Hayao Miyazaki have won 2 Oscars in total (not counting the Honorary Oscar awarded to Miyazaki personally). The two film–award pairs found were:
- wd:Q155653 (Spirited Away) — wd:Q106800 (Academy Award for Best Animated Feature)
- wd:Q47482560 (The Boy and the Heron) — wd:Q106800 (Academy Award for Best Animated Feature)
So the combined total is 2 Oscars.

How many Oscars did all the movies directed by Hayao Miyazaki combined win?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] How many Oscars did all the movies directed by Hayao Miyazaki combined win?

[Assistant] Step 1: I'll search for the Wikidata item for Hayao Miyazaki. I will then list properties to find how films directed by him are represented. I'll start by searching for the entity "Hayao Miyazaki". I'll call the search_entity tool next.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400), also known as Miyazaki Hayao, Tsutomu Teruki: Japanese animator, film director, and mangaka (born 1941) / has occupation mechanical designer / has occupation animation director / has occupation character designer / has occupation environmentalist / has occupation Environmentalist / has occupation Film producer / has occupation comics artist / has occupation film director / has occupation film producer / has occupation screenwriter / has occupation illustrator / has occupation Illustrator / has occupation film editor / has occupation lyricist / has occupation Lyricist / has occupation animator / has occupation overseer / has occupation director / has occupation mangaka / has occupation Mangaka / is instance of human
2. Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q11454632): has occupation baseball player / Japanese baseball player / is instance of human
3. Hayao Miyazaki bibliography (wd:Q130265400): is instance of bibliography
4. Never-Ending Man: Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q42859983): is instance of film / 2016 film
5. Hayao Miyazaki's Daydream Data Notes (wd:Q888819, matched via Miyazaki Hayao no Zassō Nōto), also known as Miyazaki Hayao no Zassō Nōto: collection of manga and illustrated writings by Hayao Miyazaki / is instance of manga series
6. Hayao Miyazaki and the Heron (wd:Q130287351): 2024 documentary film / is instance of film
7. Miyazaki Prefecture (wd:Q130300), also known as Miyazaki: is instance of Prefectures of Japan / is instance of prefecture of Japan / is instance of Prefecture of Japan / prefecture of Japan
8. Miyazaki (wd:Q204308): is instance of prefectural capital of Japan / is instance of Core cities of Japan / city in Miyazaki prefecture, Japan / is instance of core city of Japan / is instance of city of Japan / is instance of big city
9. Yuka Miyazaki (wd:Q11454346): has occupation association football player / Japanese association football player / Japanese association football player / Japanese association football player / has occupation soccer player / is instance of human
10. Gorō Miyazaki (wd:Q459078), also known as Goro Miyazaki, Gorou Miyazaki: Japanese anime director (born 1967) / has occupation film director / has occupation screenwriter / has occupation Architect / has occupation architect / is instance of human

[Assistant] I'll search for the Wikidata item for "Academy Award" and inspect how awards like "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature" are represented, to build a filter that counts only Oscars.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Academy Award (wd:Q4671334), also known as Academy Award Theater: CBS radio anthology series (1946) / is instance of radio programme / is instance of radio program
2. Academy Award (wd:Q113905749): Thoroughbred racehorse / is instance of horse / is instance of Horse
3. Academy Awards (wd:Q19020), also known as Oscars, The Oscars: annual awards for cinematic achievements / is instance of group of awards / is subclass of film award
4. Academy Honorary Award (wd:Q727328), also known as Honorary Academy Award, Honorary Oscar: is instance of Academy Awards / is instance of honorary award / award
5. Academy Juvenile Award (wd:Q489705): Special Honorary Academy Award for performers under the age of 18 / is instance of Academy Awards / is instance of class of award
6. Sahitya Akademi Award (wd:Q172582, matched via Sahitya Academy Award), also known as Kendra Sahitya Academy Award, Sahitya Academy Award: literary honour awarded to authors of outstanding literary works in India / is instance of literary award / is subclass of literary award
7. Academy Fellowship Award (wd:Q787148), also known as BAFTA Fellowship: is instance of film award category / is instance of honorary award / award
8. Polish Film Awards (wd:Q497324, matched via Polish Academy Award), also known as Orły, Orzeł, Polish Academy Award: is instance of group of awards / is subclass of film award / is instance of award / trophy
9. Sings Days of Wine and Roses, Moon River and Other Academy Award Winners (wd:Q976472, matched via Academy Award Winners), also known as Academy Award Winners, Days of Wine and Roses, Moon River and Other Academy Award Winners, Sinatra Sings Days of Wine and Roses, Moon River, and Other Academy Award Winners: 1964 studio album by Frank Sinatra / album by Frank Sinatra / album by Frank Sinatra / is instance of album
10. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy Award (wd:Q414530): is instance of science award / award

[Assistant] I'll search for examples of Academy Award items such as "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature" to see how they're modeled, and to confirm how to detect Oscar awards in film award statements.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800), also known as Academy Award for Animated Feature Film, Academy Award for Best Animated Feature Film: film category of the Academy Awards (Oscars) / is instance of award for best film by genre / is instance of Academy Awards
2. Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film (wd:Q111332, matched via Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature), also known as Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Oscar for Best Documentary Feature: is instance of award for best film by genre / is instance of Academy Awards / award for documentary movie
3. Annie Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q1800189): is instance of award for best film by genre / is instance of film award category / is instance of Annie Award / list of award winners
4. Politically concerned movie Zootopia wins Academy Award for Best Animated Feature Film (wd:Q30069136): is instance of Wikinews article / Wikinews article / Wikinews article / Wikinews article
5. Academy Award for Best International Feature Film (wd:Q105304): is instance of award for best film / is instance of Academy Awards / is subclass of Academy Awards / American film award
6. Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film (wd:Q917808), also known as Academy Award for Animated Short Filn: is instance of award for best short film by genre / is instance of Academy Awards / award given for short films
7. Golden Horse Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q20062574): is instance of Golden Horse Awards / is instance of class of award / Taiwanese film award
8. Silver Condor Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q6359059): is subclass of award for best film by genre / is instance of Silver Condor Awards / is instance of class of award
9. Gaudí Award for Best Animated Feature Film (wd:Q11923871): is subclass of award for best film by genre / is instance of film award category / is instance of Gaudí Awards
10. Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film (wd:Q878902): is instance of award for best film by genre / is instance of Golden Globe Awards / award

[Assistant] Now I will find films directed by Hayao Miyazaki. Likely property: director (wdt:P57) with value wd:Q55400. I'll run a query to list films with Miyazaki as director. I'll start by listing triples where property wdt:P57 and object wd:Q55400.

[Tool]
Got 34 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                              | property           | object                     |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------------ | -------------------------- |
| Kujiratori (wd:Q1083425)             | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Koro no Daisanpo (wd:Q1083462)       | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Sherlock Hound (wd:Q1150791)         | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Piyopiyo Baba (wd:Q122390248)        | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Tacolator (wd:Q122390707)            | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Spirited Away (wd:Q155653)           | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Farewell, Lupin (wd:Q17209543)       | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Princess Mononoke (wd:Q186572)       | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Kiki's Delivery Service (wd:Q196602) | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| Ponyo (wd:Q236728)                   | director (wdt:P57) | Hayao Miyazaki (wd:Q55400) |
| ...                                  | ...                | ...                        |

[Assistant] I'll inspect awards (wdt:P166) of a known Miyazaki film, Spirited Away (wd:Q155653), to see how Oscars are recorded.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                    | property                  | object                                               |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| Spirited Away (wd:Q155653) | award received (wdt:P166) | Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) |
| Spirited Away (wd:Q155653) | award received (wdt:P166) | Golden Bear (wd:Q154590)                             |
| Spirited Away (wd:Q155653) | award received (wdt:P166) | Animation Kobe Theatrical Film Award (wd:Q19830564)  |

[Assistant] I'll check the properties (P31 or P279) of Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) to see how it's classified.

[Tool]
Got 345 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                              | property                         | object                                                                      |
| ---------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | Academy Awards (wd:Q19020)                                                  |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | country (wdt:P17)                | United States (wd:Q30)                                                      |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)           | /m/0gqzz                                                                    |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | inception (wdt:P571)             | 2002-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                         |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | official website (wdt:P856)      | <http://www.oscars.org>                                                     |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | native label (wdt:P1705)         | Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (en)                                |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q9240896                                                                 |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | winner (wdt:P1346)               | Shrek (wd:Q483815)                                                          |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | Fandom article ID (wdt:P6262)    | oscars:Best_Animated_Feature                                                |
| Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) | logo image (wdt:P154)            | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oscar-free-version.svg> |
| ...                                                  | ...                              | ...                                                                         |

[Assistant]
Plan: Query all films (instance of film) where wdt:P57 = wd:Q55400 (Hayao Miyazaki), then for each film list award received (wdt:P166) that are instances of Academy Awards (wd:Q19020). Count distinct awards that are Academy Awards? But user asked "How many Oscars did all the movies directed by Hayao Miyazaki combined win?" That likely means number of Academy Awards (Oscars) won by those films in total. Some films won multiple Oscars? For Miyazaki, I know Spirited Away won 1 Oscar (Best Animated Feature). The only films I think that won Oscars are Spirited Away (1) and maybe The Wind Rises? Did The Wind Rises get nominations but not wins. Ponyo not win. Princess Mononoke was nominated? Hmm. But there may be Academy Honorary Awards given to Miyazaki? He personally got an Honorary Oscar in 2014? Yes Hayao Miyazaki received an Honorary Academy Award in 2014 (individual, not for a film). But question: "How many Oscars did all the movies directed by Hayao Miyazaki combined win?" That suggests counting Oscars won by films he directed, not personal honorary ones. So we should count awards where award received (P166) is instance of Academy Awards (wd:Q19020) and the award is received by the film, and summed count of such awards per film. Each award statement is an award item; counting them yields number of Oscars. Need to ensure to include awards like "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature" (Q106800) only; also Honorary Academy Award maybe awarded to a person, not the film. Also "Academy Award for Best Music, Original Score" likely not for his films. Could any Miyazaki film have won more than one Academy Award? I think no Miyazaki film won more than one Oscar except maybe none. But better to compute.

So build SPARQL: SELECT (COUNT(?awardStatement) AS ?count) where ?film wdt:P57 wd:Q55400; ?film wdt:P166 ?award. And ?award wdt:P31 wd:Q19020. But award might be an instance of Academy Awards or subclass. So use wdt:P31/wdt:P279* ? Possibly award items have instance of Academy Awards (P31). Use property path wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q19020. But QLever endpoint may not support property paths? It likely supports standard SPARQL. But note "wdt:" properties are direct. For robust, check if award has (wdt:P31 wd:Q19020) or (wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q19020). It's allowed.

Also ensure films are instance of film (wdt:P31 wd:Q11424). But some short films etc. Should restrict to creative works? The user said movies directed by him. Use constraint ?film wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q11424 (film). But some early short works are short films — still films. Might include TV series episodes he directed, not needed. But better to include things that are instances of film. Use property path.

Query must return identifiers and maybe count. The instruction: For True/False use ASK. Here numeric. Also must return actual identifiers; the SPARQL query should always return actual identifiers/IRIs. We'll return ?film and ?award in optional? But final should get count. Also must execute final SPARQL before answering.

I'll craft SPARQL:

SELECT (COUNT(?award) AS ?count) WHERE {
  ?film wdt:P57 wd:Q55400 .
  ?film wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q11424 .
  ?film wdt:P166 ?award .
  ?award wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q19020 .
}

But counting ?award may count each award instance once; if a film has multiple awards items, they will be counted. But there may be duplicates if same award appears multiple times per film? It's okay.

Let's run query. I'll call functions.execute.
I'll execute a SPARQL query that finds films directed by Hayao Miyazaki, filters awards that are instances of the Academy Awards (Oscars), and counts them.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 2 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL that (a) computes the total number of Academy Awards (Oscars) received by films directed by Hayao Miyazaki and (b) also returns the films and award item IRIs so the query result includes identifiers. I'll execute it now.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| count       | film                                 | award                                                |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) | The Boy and the Heron (wd:Q47482560) | Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) |
| 1 (xsd:int) | Spirited Away (wd:Q155653)           | Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (wd:Q106800) |

[Assistant] I'll execute a final SPARQL query that counts distinct awards that are instances of the Academy Awards received by films directed by Hayao Miyazaki. This verifies the total number of Oscars won by his movies.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| oscars      |
| ----------- |
| 1 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] I'll return a final SPARQL query that (1) counts all award statements where a film directed by Hayao Miyazaki received an award that is an instance of the Academy Awards (Oscars) — this counts each Oscar win even if multiple films won the same award class — and (2) lists the films and the Oscar award items involved. Then I'll provide the numeric answer. I'll now run the final query.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>
SELECT ?generation ?birthStart ?birthEnd ?ageMin ?ageMax WHERE {
  BIND( wd:Q3044693 AS ?generation ) ?generation schema:description ?desc .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?desc ) = "en" ) BIND( STR( ?desc ) AS ?s ) BIND( STRAFTER( ?s , "born from " ) AS ?afterstart ) BIND( STRBEFORE( ?afterstart , " to " ) AS ?birthStartStr ) BIND( STRAFTER( ?afterstart , " to " ) AS ?afterend ) BIND( STRBEFORE( CONCAT ( ?afterend , " " ) , " " ) AS ?birthEndStr ) BIND( xsd:integer ( REPLACE( ?birthStartStr , "\\D" , "" ) ) AS ?birthStart ) BIND( xsd:integer ( REPLACE( ?birthEndStr , "\\D" , "" ) ) AS ?birthEnd ) BIND( ( 2025 - ?birthEnd - 1 ) AS ?ageMin ) BIND( ( 2025 - ?birthStart ) AS ?ageMax )
}

Using entities:
Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693), also known as Lucky Few Generation

Answer: People born from 1928 to 1945. As of 2025-09-10, their ages range approximately from 79 to 97 years (youngest 79, oldest 97). The SPARQL query returns the generation IRI wd:Q3044693, birthStart 1928, birthEnd 1945, ageMin 79, ageMax 97.

People of what age belong to the Silent Generation ?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] People of what age belong to the Silent Generation ?

[Assistant]
I'll first search Wikidata for the "Silent Generation" entity to verify its identifier and properties (not using any guessed Q-numbers). Then I'll look for properties that indicate birth year range or date of birth qualifiers (like 'start time' / 'end time' or 'applies to' or 'date of birth' range). Then I'll build a SPARQL query that retrieves the birth year range for the Silent Generation, compute the corresponding ages as of today (2025-09-10) within SPARQL, and return ages (min and max) and the birth-year range.

I'll start by searching for the entity "Silent Generation".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693), also known as Lucky Few Generation: cohort succeeding the Greatest Generation, born from 1928 to 1945 / is instance of cultural generation of western society / is subclass of Great Power Saeculum
2. The Silent Generation (wd:Q7764217): is instance of album / album by The Dimes
3. Silent zone generation (wd:Q124647370): is instance of United States patent / US patent 11495205
4. The Silent Generation (wd:Q112669391): is instance of film / 2020 film
5. Silent, Silent Night (wd:Q19036602): poem by William Blake / is instance of poem
6. Silentrexvirus silentrx (wd:Q118445300): is instance of taxon
7. silent film (wd:Q226730), also known as silent, silent movie: film with no synchronized recorded dialogue / is instance of type of cinematic work / is instance of Cinematic techniques / is instance of cinematic technique / is instance of film genre / is instance of Film genre / is subclass of film
8. Stille Nacht Heilige Nacht (wd:Q172152, matched via Silent night), also known as Silent night, Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht, Stille Nacht! Heilige Nacht!: original song written and composed by Franz Xaver Gruber (music) and Joseph Mohr (words); Christmas song of Austrian origin / is instance of musical work/composition / is instance of lyrico-musical work / is instance of Christian hymn
9. generation (wd:Q213381), also known as birth cohort: all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively / all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively / all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively / all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively / is subclass of group of humans
10. 5G (wd:Q1363408, matched via 5th Generation), also known as 5 G, 5g technology, 5th Generation, 5th generation mobile networks, Fifth-Generation wireless: 5th generation of cellular mobile communications / is instance of mobile phone generation

[Assistant] I'll list the triples for the entity Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) to find properties that indicate birth year ranges or start/end times.

[Tool]
Got 124 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                              | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                 | cultural generation of western society (wd:Q15925549)                                  |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | image (wdt:P18)                                       | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Girl%20listening%20to%20radio.gif> |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                                | Great Power Saeculum (wd:Q113207359)                                                   |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | Freebase ID (wdt:P646)                                | /m/02zksw                                                                              |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | location (wdt:P276)                                   | worldwide (wd:Q13780930)                                                               |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | follows (wdt:P155)                                    | Greatest Generation (wd:Q27995878)                                                     |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | followed by (wdt:P156)                                | Baby Boomers (wd:Q797819)                                                              |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | Quora topic ID (wdt:P3417)                            | Silent-Generation                                                                      |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID (wdt:P1417)         | topic/Silent-Generation                                                                |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID (wdt:P10565) | 125938                                                                                |
| ...                             | ...                                                   | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I'll search for properties on wd:Q3044693 related to time, like start time (P580), end time (P582), inception (P571), or 'start time' / 'end time' equivalents.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. followed by (wd:P156 as p/wdt, matched via then), also known as comes before, continued as, next, next element, next is, etc.: immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)] / immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)] / immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)]
2. location (wd:P276 as p/wdt, matched via in), also known as based in, city, from, held by, in, etc.: location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ... use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706. / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706.
3. follows (wd:P155 as p/wdt, matched via previous is), also known as before was, comes after, is after, preceded by, predecessor, etc.: immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)]
4. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
5. Freebase ID (wd:P646 as p/wdt, matched via MID), also known as FID, Freebase, Freebase identifier, MID, P646: identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph identifier (P2671) / identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph identifier (P2671) / identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
6. image (wd:P18 as p/wdt, matched via still), also known as camera picture, Commons image, drawing, File:, graph, etc.: image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image) / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. subclass of (wd:P279 as p/wdt, matched via type of), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances ... of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain
8. Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID (wd:P10565 as p/wdt, matched via P10565), also known as Encyclopedia of China ID (Third Edition), P10565: identifier for an article in the online version of Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition)
9. Quora topic ID (wd:P3417 as p/wdt, matched via P3417), also known as Quora topic identifier, Quora topic name, P3417: identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version)
10. Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID (wd:P1417 as p/wdt, matched via P1417), also known as britannica.com ID, Britannica ID, Britannica online ID, EB ID, EBID, etc.: identifier for an article in the online version of Encyclopædia Britannica / identifer for an article in the online version of Encyclopædia Britannica

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll check if the Silent Generation item has start time (P580) or end time (P582) statements.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] No direct P580. Let's inspect statements for statements with qualifiers or statements that might indicate birth years via 'has part' or 'coordinate location'—but more likely the item has a 'inception' (P571) with a date or 'start time' not present. I'll list all properties in more detail (we already saw many). Search for 'born' or 'birth' on the item.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location (wd:P276 as p/wdt, matched via from), also known as based in, city, from, held by, in, etc.: location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ... use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706. / location of the item, physical object or event is within. In ... use P131. In case of a distinct terrain feature use P706.
2. followed by (wd:P156 as p/wdt, matched via then), also known as comes before, continued as, next, next element, next is, etc.: immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)] / immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)] / immediately following item in a series of which the subject ... replaced, e.g. political offices, use "replaced by" (P1366)]
3. image (wd:P18 as p/wdt, matched via still), also known as camera picture, Commons image, drawing, File:, graph, etc.: image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... only images which exist on Wikimedia Commons are acceptable / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image) / image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, ... map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
4. follows (wd:P155 as p/wdt, matched via is after), also known as before was, comes after, is after, preceded by, predecessor, etc.: immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)] / immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a ... item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)]
5. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via type), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
6. subclass of (wd:P279 as p/wdt, matched via form of), also known as all members of this class also belong to, category of, form of, has superclass, is a class of, etc.: this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances ... of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain / this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; all instances ... instance of volcanic landform); K2 is an instance of mountain
7. Freebase ID (wd:P646 as p/wdt, matched via MID), also known as FID, Freebase, Freebase identifier, MID, P646: identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph identifier (P2671) / identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph identifier (P2671) / identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: ... starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
8. Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID (wd:P1417 as p/wdt, matched via EBID), also known as britannica.com ID, Britannica ID, Britannica online ID, EB ID, EBID, etc.: identifier for an article in the online version of Encyclopædia Britannica / identifer for an article in the online version of Encyclopædia Britannica
9. Quora topic ID (wd:P3417 as p/wdt, matched via P3417), also known as Quora topic identifier, Quora topic name, P3417: identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version) / identifier for a topic on Quora (English language version)

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll query the item's English description to see if the birth-year range is mentioned there (it often is for generations). I'll run a SPARQL query to get schema:description for wd:Q3044693.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| desc                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| cohort succeeding the Greatest Generation, born from 1928 to 1945 (en) |

[Assistant] I'll run a SPARQL query that extracts the birth-year range from the English description of the Wikidata item for Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693), parses the start and end years, and computes the corresponding age range as of 2025-09-10 (giving the minimum possible age accounting for late-year birthdays and the maximum possible age accounting for early-year birthdays). I'll execute the query now to verify the computed values.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 5 columns:
| generation                      | birthStart     | birthEnd       | ageMin       | ageMax       |
| ------------------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | ------------ | ------------ |
| Silent Generation (wd:Q3044693) | 1928 (xsd:int) | 1945 (xsd:int) | 79 (xsd:int) | 97 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] I'll now provide the final SPARQL query (which extracts the birth-year range from the English description of the "Silent Generation" item and computes the corresponding age range as of 2025-09-10) and the answer derived from its results. Then I'll execute it.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?founder ?founderLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q479361 wdt:P112 ?founder .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?founder rdfs:label ?founderLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?founderLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY ?founderLabel

Using entities:
Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361), also known as Worpswede circle

Using properties:
founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| founder                      | founderLabel         |
| ---------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Fritz Mackensen (wd:Q448400) | Fritz Mackensen (en) |
| Hans am Ende (wd:Q561091)    | Hans am Ende (en)    |
| Otto Modersohn (wd:Q71425)   | Otto Modersohn (en)  |

Answer: The Worpswede artist colony was founded by Fritz Mackensen (wd:Q448400), Hans am Ende (wd:Q561091), and Otto Modersohn (wd:Q71425).

Who founded the Worpswede artist colony ?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Who founded the Worpswede artist colony ?

[Assistant] I will first search for the Wikidata item for the "Worpswede artist colony" to identify its Q-id and related properties. Then I'll look for properties that indicate the founder(s) of the colony (likely "founder" P112) and build a SPARQL query that retrieves the founder(s) of the Worpswede artist colony. I'll execute intermediate searches to verify property usage before finalizing the SPARQL query. Now I'll search for the entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361), also known as Worpswede circle: Artist's colony founded in Worpswede in 1889 / is instance of art colony
2. art colony (wd:Q1558054, matched via artist colony), also known as artist colony, artists' colony: place where artists live and interact with each other / is subclass of institutional complex / is subclass of creative residency / is subclass of human social group / is subclass of organisation / is subclass of organization / is subclass of art group
3. Worpswede colony (wd:Q103974815): is instance of encyclopaedic article / is instance of encyclopedia article / encyclopedia article
4. Nagybánya art colony (wd:Q591229, matched via Nagybánya artists' colony), also known as Nagybanya art colony, Nagybánya artists' colony, Nagybanya School, Nagybánya School: is instance of art colony
5. Önningeby artists colony (wd:Q2687905), also known as Önningebykolonin: is instance of art colony / Finnish artists colony
6. Ekensund Artists' Colony (wd:Q1669854): is instance of art colony
7. Ein Hod artist colony (wd:Q124390656), also known as Artists Village of Ein Hod, Ein Hod artists village: is instance of art colony
8. Nishimui Art Village (wd:Q38277516, matched via Nishimui Artists' Colony), also known as Nishimui Art Colony, Nishimui Artists' Colony: is instance of art colony
9. Kirkcudbright Artists' Colony (wd:Q20713695): is instance of art society / artists' community
10. New Rochelle artist colony (wd:Q19877130): is instance of art colony

[Assistant] I'll list the statements for the Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) to find properties indicating its founder(s), such as "founded by" (P112).

[Tool]
Got 109 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                              | property                                                    | object                                                                                |
| ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | instance of (wdt:P31)                                       | art colony (wd:Q1558054)                                                                  |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | country (wdt:P17)                                           | Germany (wd:Q183)                                                                         |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | located in the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) | Worpswede (wd:Q269174)                                                                    |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | coordinate location (wdt:P625)                              | POINT(8.932220 53.215600) (geo:wktLiteral)                                                |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | Google Knowledge Graph ID (wdtn:P2671)                      | <http://g.co/kg/g/1hf_wg5jz>                                                              |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                                 | Worpswede in art                                                                          |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | image (wdt:P18)                                             | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heinrich%20Vogeler%20Sommerabend.jpg> |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | inception (wdt:P571)                                        | 1989-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                       |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | VIAF cluster ID (wdtn:P214)                                 | <http://viaf.org/viaf/123887623>                                                          |
| Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)                                      | Heinrich Vogeler (wd:Q213734)                                                             |
| ...                                  | ...                                                         | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant] I'll search for properties related to "founder" on the Worpswede artist colony entity to see how founders are recorded.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdt, matched via founder), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
2. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt, matched via founded), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
3. has part(s) (wd:P527 as p/wdt, matched via created from), also known as amalgamation of, assembled from, assembled out of, composed of, comprised of, etc.: part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject; inverse property of "part of" (P361). See also "has parts of the class" (P2670). / part of this subject, also valuable subclass or exemplar. Inverse property of "part of".
4. located in the administrative territorial entity (wd:P131 as p/wdt, matched via in), also known as administrative territorial entity, administrative territory, city, happens in, in, etc.: the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following ... the item falls only partially into the administrative entity. / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / the item is located on the territory of the following administrative entity / is subproperty of location / is subproperty of part of
5. country (wd:P17 as p/wdt, matched via sovereign state), also known as host country, land, sovereign state, state, P17: sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings) / is subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
6. different from (wd:P1889 as p/wdt, matched via not), also known as confused with, differs from, disambiguated from, distinct from, distinguished from, etc.: item that is different from another item, with which it is often confused / item that is different from another item, with which it may be confused
7. coordinate location (wd:P625 as p/wdt, matched via position), also known as co-ordinate location, co-ordinates, coordinates, co-ords, coords, etc.: geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment / coordinates of the subject / coordinates of the subject
8. instance of (wd:P31 as p/wdt, matched via is an), also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type, etc.: type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different ... and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform / that class of which this subject is a particular example and ... a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
9. GND ID (wd:P227 as p/wdtn/wdt, matched via Universal Authority File), also known as Deutschen Nationalbibliothek ID, DNB author ID, DNB authorities, Gemeinsame Normdatei ID, German National Library ID, etc.: international authority file of names, subjects, and organisations (please don't use type n = name, disambiguation) / identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations

No other items found

[Assistant] Now I'll run a SPARQL query that retrieves the items connected to the Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361) via the "founded by" property (P112). I'll also request English labels as optional.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| founder                      | founderLabel         |
| ---------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Fritz Mackensen (wd:Q448400) | Fritz Mackensen (en) |
| Hans am Ende (wd:Q561091)    | Hans am Ende (en)    |
| Otto Modersohn (wd:Q71425)   | Otto Modersohn (en)  |

[Assistant] I'll run a final SPARQL query that retrieves the founders (P112) of the Worpswede artist colony (wd:Q479361), including their English labels as optional, to confirm the results before giving the final answer. Now I will execute the query.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| founder                      | founderLabel         |
| ---------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Fritz Mackensen (wd:Q448400) | Fritz Mackensen (en) |
| Hans am Ende (wd:Q561091)    | Hans am Ende (en)    |
| Otto Modersohn (wd:Q71425)   | Otto Modersohn (en)  |

[Assistant] I'll now provide the final SPARQL query and the answer naming the founders.

[Tool] Stopping


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q860580 wdt:P112 ?f1 .
  wd:Q860580 wdt:P112 ?f2 .
  FILTER ( ?f1 != ?f2 ) .
  ?f1 wdt:P69 ?uni .
  ?f2 wdt:P69 ?uni .
}

Using entities:
Tencent (wd:Q860580), also known as AdvanceDataServices Limited, Shenzhen Tencent Computer Systems Company Limited, Tencent Group, Tencent Holdings, Tencent Holdings Limited, etc.

Using properties:
founded by (wd:P112 as wdt), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.
educated at (wd:P69 as wdt), also known as alma mater, alumna of, alumni of, alumnus of, attended, etc.

Answer: True. The ASK query returned True, meaning at least two of Tencent's founders were educated at the same university.

Were at least two of the founders of tencent educated at the same university?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at http://localhost:7001 without notes

You are provided with the following notes across all knowledge graphs:
No notes available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow these rules:
- Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
- Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
- Do not use "SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ..." in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.
- Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
- The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
- Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
- Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
- For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.

[User] Were at least two of the founders of tencent educated at the same university?

[Assistant] Step 1: I'll search for the Tencent entity in Wikidata to find its item identifier. I'll explain the plan and then run a search.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Tencent (wd:Q860580), also known as AdvanceDataServices Limited, Shenzhen Tencent Computer Systems Company Limited, Tencent Group, Tencent Holdings, Tencent Holdings Limited, etc.: Chinese multinational investment holding conglomerate / is instance of conglomerate / is instance of business
2. Tencent QQ (wd:Q857640), also known as k-you-k-you, KYOUKYOU, OICQ, OpenICQ, OPEN-ICQ, etc.: is instance of customer relationship management / is instance of social networking service / instant messaging software service / is instance of online community / is instance of mobile app / is instance of website
3. Tencent Video (wd:Q28136991), also known as TencentVideo, v.qq.com, WeTV: is instance of Internet audio-visual programming service provider / is instance of video streaming service / video streaming service from China / is instance of mobile app
4. Tencent Pictures (wd:Q22080095): is instance of film production company / Chinese film production company
5. Tencent Games (wd:Q39057776), also known as Tencent Game: division of Tencent Holdings / is instance of business
6. Tencent Music (wd:Q56011958), also known as tencentmusic.com, Tencent Music Entertainment, Tencent Music Entertainment Group, TME: Chinese music distribution company / is instance of public company / is instance of record label / is instance of company
7. Tencent Weibo (wd:Q3983400): Chinese microblogging website launched by Tencent in April 2010 / is instance of website
8. WeGame (wd:Q10852223, matched via Tencent WeGame), also known as Tencent Game Platform, Tencent Games Platform, Tencent Gaming Platform, Tencent WeGame, TGP: is instance of digital distribution platform / is instance of software repository / video gaming platform of Tencent
9. QQ browser (wd:Q6862273, matched via Tencent Explorer), also known as tbs, TBS, Tencent Browsing Service, Tencent Explorer, Tencent Traveler, etc.: is instance of web browser / web browser
10. Tencent Cloud (wd:Q17500218), also known as cloud.tencent.com, QCloud, tencentcloud.com: Cloud computing platform provided by Tencent / is instance of cloud computing / is instance of dot-com company / is instance of subsidiary

[Assistant] I'll search for properties of the Tencent item related to founders/people (query "founder") to find the correct property for founders.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. founded by (wd:P112 as p/wdt, matched via founder), also known as begun by, co-founded by, cofounded by, co-founder, cofounder, etc.: founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity / founder or co-founder of the organization or place / founder of this organisation, religion, or place / is subproperty of creator
2. inception (wd:P571 as p/wdt, matched via founded), also known as broke ground, built, commenced on date, commencement date, completed, etc.: time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619 / date or point in time when the organisation / object was founded / created / is subproperty of start time
3. owned by (wd:P127 as p/wdt, matched via proprietor), also known as belonged to, belongs to, is owned by, owner, owners, etc.: owner of the subject / owner of the subject / owner of the subject
4. product or material produced (wd:P1056 as p/wdt, matched via maker of), also known as commodity, creates, has product, maker of, makes, etc.: material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process / material or product produced by a business or industry / is subproperty of immediate cause of
5. owner of (wd:P1830 as p/wdt), also known as owns, owns property, shareholder of, P1830: entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject / entities owned by the subject
6. chief executive officer (wd:P169 as p/wdt, matched via executive director), also known as CEO, chief executive, executive director, P169: highest-ranking corporate officer appointed as the CEO within an organisation / highest-ranking corporate officer appointed as the CEO within an organization / is subproperty of director / manager / is subproperty of corporate officer / is subproperty of director/manager / is subproperty of manager/director
7. member of (wd:P463 as p/wdt), also known as band member of, in musical group, member of musical group, membership, of organization, etc.: organisation, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / organization, club or musical group to which the subject ... position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that) / is subproperty of part of
8. social media followers (wd:P8687 as p/wdt, matched via followers), also known as follow count, follower count, follower number, followers, follow number, etc.: number of subscribers on a particular social media website ... time" and property for account. For Twitter, use numeric id.
9. has subsidiary (wd:P355 as p/wdt, matched via parent company of), also known as daughter company, daughter organization, has imprint, imprint, owns, etc.: subsidiary of a company or organization; generally a fully ... division" (P199). Opposite of parent organization (P749). / subsidiary of a company or organization / is subproperty of has part(s) / is subproperty of owner of / is subproperty of has part
10. Open Funder Registry funder ID (wd:P3153 as p/wdt, matched via funder ID), also known as Crossref funder ID, funder ID, FundRef ID, P3153: identifier for an organisation that funds research, in the Crossref registry / identifier for an organisation that funds research, in the Crossref registry

No other items found

[Assistant] I'll list the founders (property P112) of Tencent to see who they are and whether they have P69 (educated at) statements.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject              | property              | object                       |
| -------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Tencent (wd:Q860580) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Zhang Zhidong (wd:Q15934341) |
| Tencent (wd:Q860580) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Ma Huateng (wd:Q1739008)     |
| Tencent (wd:Q860580) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Zeng Liqing (wd:Q18653685)   |
| Tencent (wd:Q860580) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Daniel Xu (wd:Q18659347)     |
| Tencent (wd:Q860580) | founded by (wdt:P112) | Chen Yidan (wd:Q20689208)    |

[Assistant] I will run an ASK query that checks whether there exist two distinct founders of Tencent (wd:Q860580) who share the same university via the educated at property (wdt:P69). Then I'll report the boolean result. I'll execute the ASK query now.

[Tool] True

[Assistant] The ASK query returned True, meaning at least two founders of Tencent were educated at the same university. I'll now prepare the final answer and include the final SPARQL query I executed.

[Tool] Stopping