PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?spouse ?spouseLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q567 wdt:P26 ?spouse .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?spouse rdfs:label ?spouseLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?spouseLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| spouse                       | spouseLabel        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Ulrich Merkel (wd:Q13415350) | Ulrich Merkel (en) |
| Joachim Sauer (wd:Q62085)    | Joachim Sauer (en) |

Yes, the first female chancellor in Germany, Angela Merkel, was married. She has two spouses listed: Ulrich Merkel and Joachim Sauer.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Was the first female chancellor in Germany ever married?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Give me all female German chancellors.

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072 .
  ?uri wdt:P39 wd:Q4970706 .
}

Using entities:
Federal Chancellor of Germany, also known as German Federal Chancellor, prime minister of Germany, German Chancellor, Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Chancellor (wd:Q4970706): head of government of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)
female, also known as female human, women, woman, lady, human female (wd:Q6581072): to be used in "sex or gender" (P21) to indicate that the human s...nder" (P10339) to indicate that a word refers to a female person

Using properties:
sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office

Example 2:
Question:
What is Angela Merkel’s birth name?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?o1 WHERE {
  wd:Q567 wdt:P1477 ?o1 .
}

Using entities:
Angela Merkel, also known as Angela Dorothea Merkel, leader of the free world, Angela Kasner (wd:Q567): chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021, politician, physicist

Using properties:
birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as wdt): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name

Example 3:
Question:
How tall is Michael Jordan?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?val WHERE {
  wd:Q41421 wdt:P2048 ?val .
}

Using entities:
Michael Jordan, also known as His Airness, Air Jordan (wd:Q41421): American basketball player and businessman (born 1963), basketball player, baseball player, autobiographer, spokesperson, entrepreneur

Using properties:
height, also known as heighth, size, depth over terrain (wd:P2048 as wdt): vertical length of an entity, length

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the property for "position held" is wdt:P39 and the entity for "Federal Chancellor of Germany" is wd:Q4970706. Also, the property for "sex or gender" is wdt:P21 and the entity for "female" is wd:Q6581072.

I will first find the first female chancellor in Germany. To do this, I will find all female chancellors and order them by the start time of their position to get the first one.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Error while executing a SERVICE request to <http://wikiba.se:80/ontology#label>: SERVICE responded with HTTP status code: 301, Moved Permanently. First 100 bytes of the response: '<html>
<head><title>301 Moved Permanently</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>301 Moved Permanently'

[Assistant] The query failed because the SERVICE wikibase:label is not supported by the endpoint. I will rewrite the query without using SERVICE wikibase:label and instead use optional rdfs:label to get the label of the chancellor.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| chancellor              | chancellorLabel    | startTime                           |
| ----------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------- |
| Angela Merkel (wd:Q567) | Angela Merkel (en) | 2005-11-22T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] The first female chancellor in Germany is Angela Merkel. Now, I will check if Angela Merkel was ever married. I will search for the property related to marriage for Angela Merkel.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as wdt/p): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
2. married name, also known as full name (married) (wd:P2562 as wdt/p): name or surname adopted by a person upon marriage, name
3. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as wdt/p): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
4. birth name, also known as née, name at birth, name before marriage, ne, né (wd:P1477 as wdt/p): full name of a person at birth, if different from their current, generally used name, name
5. sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as wdt/p): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
6. child, also known as has son, kids, mother of, kid, issue (wd:P40 as p): subject has object as child. Do not use for stepchildren—use "relative" (P1038), qualified with "type of kinship" (P1039), significant person, relative
7. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as wdt/p): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
8. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
9. date of birth, also known as year of birth, birthdate, DOB, born on, born (wd:P569 as wdt/p): date on which the subject was born, inception
10. ethnic group, also known as ethnic or cultural origin, tribal affiliation, race, people, ethnicity (wd:P172 as wdt/p): subject's ethnicity (consensus is that a VERY high standard of p...agreed on by scholars, or 3) is fictional and portrayed as such)

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "spouse" (wdt:P26) is used to indicate if a person has a spouse (married partner). I will now check if Angela Merkel has a spouse listed.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| spouse                       | spouseLabel        |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Ulrich Merkel (wd:Q13415350) | Ulrich Merkel (en) |
| Joachim Sauer (wd:Q62085)    | Joachim Sauer (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?subject ?subjectLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q11419997 wdt:P921 ?subject .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?subject rdfs:label ?subjectLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?subjectLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" is a middle school student.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the main subject of the manga "your lie in april": primary school, middle school or high school student?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What is the biggest stadium in Spain?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  {
    ?uri wdt:P31 wd:Q483110 .
  } UNION {
    ?uri wdt:P31 ?type .
    ?type wdt:P279 wd:Q483110
  }
  ?uri wdt:P17 wd:Q29 .
  ?uri wdt:P1083 ?num .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?num )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain (wd:Q29): country in southwestern Europe with territories in Africa
stadium, also known as sports arena, sports stadium, sport stadium, stadiums, 🏟 (wd:Q483110): place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events

Using properties:
maximum capacity, also known as capacity, complement, crew, number of seats, seating capacity (wd:P1083 as wdt): number of people allowed for a venue or vehicle
country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 2:
Question:
Give me all chemical elements.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 wd:Q11344 .
}

Using entities:
chemical element, also known as atomic element, chemical elements, element (wd:Q11344): species of atoms having the same number of protons in the atomic...s, or the same stability (or half-lifetime if they are unstable)

Using properties:
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 3:
Question:
Where did Abraham Lincoln die?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q91 wdt:P20 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Abraham Lincoln, also known as President Lincoln, Uncle Abe, Honest Abe, Abe Lincoln (wd:Q91): president of the United States from 1861 to 1865, military officer, statesperson, postmaster, politician, farmer, writer, lawyer

Using properties:
place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

[Assistant]
The examples show how to query for instance of or subclass of to find the type or category of an entity. For the manga "Your Lie in April," we want to find the main subject's school level (primary school, middle school, or high school student).

Step 1: Identify the entity for "Your Lie in April" in Wikidata. I will search for this manga entity first.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q11419997): Japanese manga series
2. Your Lie in April (wd:Q26810037): 2016 film by Takehiko Shinjō
3. Your Lie in April (wd:Q123944284): your Lie in April stage musical
4. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q91333870): Japanese anime television series
5. Your Lie in April: A Six Person Etude, also known as Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso: 6-nin no Études (wd:Q91334211): Japanese light novel
6. Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q6544290): extended play by Dive
7. Your Lies in Check (wd:Q4023078): album by Cripple Bastards
8. Lier in Your Eyes (wd:Q29424453): X-Ray song
9. The Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q5409466): single
10. [It lies in your hand!] (wd:Q87357297): scientific article published on 01 February 2014

[Assistant] The manga "Your Lie in April" is identified as wd:Q11419997. Next, I want to find the main subject or protagonist of this manga and then determine their school level (primary, middle, or high school student). I will search for the main character or protagonist of this manga.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] There are no direct statements for the property "wdt:P674" (characters) for the manga entity. I will try to search for the main character or protagonist of "Your Lie in April" by searching for entities related to this manga.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q11419997): Japanese manga series
2. Your Lie in April (wd:Q26810037): 2016 film by Takehiko Shinjō
3. Your Lie in April (wd:Q123944284): your Lie in April stage musical
4. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q91333870): Japanese anime television series
5. Your Lie in April: A Six Person Etude, also known as Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso: 6-nin no Études (wd:Q91334211): Japanese light novel
6. Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q6544290): extended play by Dive
7. Your Lies in Check (wd:Q4023078): album by Cripple Bastards
8. Lier in Your Eyes (wd:Q29424453): X-Ray song
9. main character in a story (wd:L1365331-S1)
10. main character in a story (wd:L41342-S1)

[Assistant] The search did not return a direct main character entity for "Your Lie in April." I will try another approach: I will look for properties of the manga entity to see if there is any property linking to characters or protagonists.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
2. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as wdt/p): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
3. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as wdt/p): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
4. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as wdt/p): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
5. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as wdt/p): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
6. logo image, also known as masthead, wordmark, trademark, trade mark, sign (wd:P154 as wdt/p): graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products, icon
7. Personality Database work ID, also known as PDB work ID, Personality Database work identifier, Personality DB work ID (wd:P10688 as wdt/p): identifier of an audiovisual work on the Personality Database website
8. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as wdt/p): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
9. derivative work, also known as is source work of, is adapted as, is the basis for, iteration, reboot (wd:P4969 as wdt/p): new work of art (film, book, software, etc.) derived from major part of this work
10. X (Twitter) username, also known as twitter.com/, X username, X handle, x.com/, X account (wd:P2002 as wdt/p): username on X (formerly Twitter); do not include the '@' symbol, website username or ID

No other items found

[Assistant] There is a property "main subject" (wdt:P921) which might be used to indicate the main subject or topic of the manga. I will check if this property is used for the manga "Your Lie in April" to find the main subject or character.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                | object                               |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| Your Lie in April (wd:Q11419997) | main subject (wdt:P921) | middle school student (wd:Q16003532) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?country ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?store wdt:P31 wd:Q50399787 .
  ?store wdt:P17 ?country .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 6 (xsd:int) |

IKEA has been established in 6 countries according to the data available in Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] In how many countries has IKEA been established?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What is the second highest mountain on Earth?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?res WHERE {
  ?res wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q8502 .
  ?res wdt:P2044 ?elevation .
  ?res wdt:P30 / wdt:P361 wd:Q2 .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?elevation )
LIMIT 1
OFFSET 1

Using entities:
Earth, also known as World, The Blue Planet, Planet Earth, Mother Earth (wd:Q2): third planet from the Sun in the Solar System
mountain, also known as mt., mtn., mountains, mount (wd:Q8502): large natural elevation of the Earth's surface

Using properties:
elevation above sea level, also known as MAMSL, MASL, height, elevation above mean sea level, elevation (wd:P2044 as wdt): height of the item (geographical object) as measured relative to sea level
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
continent (wd:P30 as wdt): continent of which the subject is a part, located in/on physical feature
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
part of, also known as of, within, system of, subsystem of, subgroup of (wd:P361 as wdt): object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is alread... of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))

Example 2:
Question:
Who are the writers of the Wall album of Pink Floyd?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q151114 wdt:P658 ?track .
  ?track wdt:P162 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
The Wall (wd:Q151114): double studio album by British band Pink Floyd

Using properties:
producer, also known as music producer, record producer, produced by, film producer, creative producer (wd:P162 as wdt): person(s) who produced the film, musical work, theatrical produc...etc.) [for production company, use P272, video games - use P178]
tracklist, also known as tracks, track listing, track list, songs, list of tracks (wd:P658 as wdt): audio tracks contained in this release, has part(s)

Example 3:
Question:
Who created Family Guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q5930 wdt:P170 ?uri
}

Using entities:
Family Guy (wd:Q5930): American adult animated sitcom

Using properties:
creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)

[Assistant] IKEA is a company, so I will first search for the entity IKEA in Wikidata. Then I will look for properties related to the countries where IKEA has been established.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. IKEA, also known as Ikea, Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd (wd:Q54078): international furniture store chain
2. Ikea (wd:Q18587732): genus of insects
3. Ikea effect (wd:Q1653973): cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created
4. Swedish meatballs, also known as IKEA meatballs, Köttbullar (wd:Q1501015): Swedish dish made from ground meat
5. Blåhaj, also known as BLÅHAJ, funny meme shark, IKEA shark, Klappar Haj, Smolhaj (wd:Q107133815): stuffed toy shark sold at IKEA
6. IKEA Catalogue (wd:Q2941621): catalogue published annually by the Swedish home furnishing retailer IKEA
7. IKEA pencil (wd:Q18350690): small pencils provided for free in IKEA stores worldwide
8. IKEA Museum (wd:Q25063953): museum in Älmhult, Sweden
9. IKEA Heights (wd:Q15995166): Comedy web series
10. IKEA Sendai (wd:Q17988690)

[Assistant] IKEA is identified as wd:Q54078 in Wikidata, which is an international furniture store chain. Now, I will search for properties related to the countries where IKEA has been established. I will search for properties of IKEA related to countries or locations.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as wdt/p): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
2. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
3. typically sells, also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells (wd:P7163 as wdt/p): type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
4. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as wdt/p): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
5. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as wdt/p): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
6. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
7. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
8. industry, also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector (wd:P452 as wdt/p): specific industry of company or organization, part of
9. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
10. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "location of formation" (wdt:P740) indicates the location where a group or organization was formed, but it does not directly indicate all countries where IKEA has been established. I will now search for properties related to "country" or "location" for IKEA more generally, not limited to the entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. valid in place, also known as applies to country, applies to location, applies to place, country, true in (wd:P3005 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): place where a statement is valid, applies to part
2. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country
3. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
4. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
5. operating area, also known as province served, serves jurisdiction, serves geographic region, serves geographic area, serves area (wd:P2541 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): geographic area or jurisdiction an organisation or industry operates in, serves, or has responsibility for, location
6. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
7. continent (wd:P30 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): continent of which the subject is a part, located in/on physical feature
8. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
9. place of publication, also known as published in (place), where published, release region, released in, published from (wd:P291 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): geographical place of publication of the edition (use 1st edition when referring to works), significant place
10. location, also known as neighbourhood, whereabouts, vilage, venue, town (wd:P276 as pr/wdtn/pq/pqn/pqv/p/prn/psn/wdt/psv/prv/ps): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object

[Assistant] The property "operating area" (wdt:P2541) seems relevant as it indicates the geographic area or jurisdiction an organization operates in. I will check if IKEA (wd:Q54078) has any values for this property to find the countries where it operates.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] There are no direct values for the property "operating area" for IKEA. I will try another approach by checking if there is a property indicating the countries where IKEA has stores or branches. I will search for properties of IKEA related to "store" or "branch".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. typically sells, also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells (wd:P7163 as wdt/p): type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
2. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as wdt/p): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
3. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as wdt/p): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
4. has works in the collection, also known as has items in the collection, works in collection, work in collection, museum housing this person's work, items in the collection (wd:P6379 as wdt/p): collection that has works of this person or organisation (use archives at [P485] for archives)
5. logo image, also known as masthead, wordmark, trademark, trade mark, sign (wd:P154 as wdt/p): graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products, icon
6. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
8. sitemap URL, also known as sitemap xml, site map URL, sitemap (wd:P11212 as wdt/p): URL to the sitemap of the subject's official website, URL
9. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as wdt/p): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
10. subreddit, also known as r/, reddit, Reddit community ID, Reddit forum, Reddit sub ID (wd:P3984 as wdt/p): name of the Reddit forum associated to this subject

No other items found

[Assistant] There are no direct properties indicating the countries where IKEA stores or branches are located. I will try a different approach by searching for entities that are instances of IKEA stores or branches and then count the distinct countries of those entities. I will first search for the entity "IKEA store" or similar.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. IKEA store (wd:Q50399787): store operated by the IKEA company
2. IKEA Hangzhou Store (wd:Q22101403)
3. IKEA Kartal, also known as IKEA Kartal Store (wd:Q130014870): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
4. IKEA İzmir, also known as IKEA İzmir Store (wd:Q130009564): IKEA store in İzmir, Turkey
5. IKEA Bursa, also known as IKEA Bursa Store (wd:Q130014865): IKEA store in Bursa, Turkey
6. IKEA Bayrampaşa, also known as IKEA Bayrampaşa Store (wd:Q130014861): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
7. IKEA Ümraniye, also known as IKEA Ümraniye Store (wd:Q130013093): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
8. IKEA Antalya, also known as IKEA Antalya Store (wd:Q130014874): IKEA store in Antalya, Turkey
9. IKEA Ankara, also known as IKEA Ankara Store (wd:Q130014867): IKEA store in Ankara, Turkey
10. IKEA, also known as Ikea, Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd (wd:Q54078): international furniture store chain

[Assistant] There is an entity "IKEA store" (wd:Q50399787) which represents a store operated by the IKEA company. I will now find instances of this entity and count the distinct countries where these stores are located.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| count       |
| ----------- |
| 6 (xsd:int) |

[Tool]
Got 26 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| country                              | countryLabel                    |
| ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------- |
| United Kingdom (wd:Q145)             | United Kingdom (en)             |
| United Kingdom (wd:Q145)             | United Kingdom (en)             |
| People's Republic of China (wd:Q148) | People's Republic of China (en) |
| People's Republic of China (wd:Q148) | People's Republic of China (en) |
| Japan (wd:Q17)                       | Japan (en)                      |
| ...                                  | ...                             |
| Turkey (wd:Q43)                      | Turkey (en)                     |
| Turkey (wd:Q43)                      | Turkey (en)                     |
| Turkey (wd:Q43)                      | Turkey (en)                     |
| Turkey (wd:Q43)                      | Turkey (en)                     |
| Turkey (wd:Q43)                      | Turkey (en)                     |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1048 wdt:P20 ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?placeOfDeathLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                   | placeOfDeathLabel      |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| Theatre of Pompey (wd:Q944814) | Theatre of Pompey (en) |

Julius Caesar was murdered at the Theatre of Pompey.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where was Caesar murdered?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
How many programming languages are there?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?sub ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?sub wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q9143 .
}

Using entities:
programming language, also known as coding language, computer language, computer programming, computer programming language (wd:Q9143): language for communicating instructions to a machine

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 2:
Question:
How many James Bond movies do exist?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( ?s1 ) as ?c ) WHERE {
  ?s1 wdt:P31 wd:Q11424 .
  ?s1 ?p wd:Q2009573 .
  FILTER ( ?p = wdt:P144 || ?p = wdt:P674 )
}

Using entities:
film, also known as cinematic work, moving picture, movie, motion pictures, motion picture (wd:Q11424): sequence of images that give the impression of movement, stored on film stock
James Bond, also known as Agent 007, double o seven, 007 (wd:Q2009573): secret agent, invented by novellist Ian Fleming, 00 Agent, spy

Using properties:
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 3:
Question:
In what city is the Heineken brewery?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q854383 wdt:P176 / wdt:P159 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
Heineken, also known as Heineken Lager Beer, Heineken Pilsener (wd:Q854383): pale lager beer by the Dutch brewing company Heineken International

Using properties:
headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as wdt): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
manufacturer, also known as manufactured by, provider, provided by, product of, producer (wd:P176 as wdt): (main or final) manufacturer or producer of this product

[Assistant]
The question is "Where was Caesar murdered?" We need to identify the entity "Caesar" (likely Julius Caesar) and find the property related to the place of his murder.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Julius Caesar" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Julius Caesar, also known as Divine Julius (wd:Q1048): Roman general and dictator (100 – 44 BC), ancient Roman military personnel, Ancient Roman politician, Ancient Roman historian, Ancient Roman priest, military leader, politician, historian, memoirist, writer, orator, ruler, poet
2. Julius Caesar, also known as The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Tragedy of Julius Caesar (wd:Q215750): play by William Shakespeare
3. Julius Caesar (wd:Q734950): 1953 film by Joseph L. Mankiewicz
4. Julius Caesar (wd:Q631476): lunar impact crater
5. Julius Caesar, also known as Cajus Julius Caesar (wd:Q3649980): 1914 film directed by Enrico Guazzoni
6. Julius Caesar (wd:Q1612412): 1970 film by Stuart Burge
7. Julius Caesar (wd:Q315616): 2002 TV miniseries directed by Uli Edel
8. Julius Caesar (wd:Q3534298): English cricketer (1830-1878), cricketer
9. Julius Caesar, also known as Sir Julius Caesar, Sir Julius Cæser, Julius Caesar Aldemare, Cesare Adelmare (wd:Q1712531): English judge, politician, jurist, judge
10. Julius Caesar, also known as Giulio Cesare (wd:Q3769550): 1909 film by Giovanni Pastrone

[Assistant] The entity "Julius Caesar" is wd:Q1048. Now, let's search for properties related to "murder" or "place of death" for Julius Caesar.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as wdt/p): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
2. killed by, also known as slaughtered by, slain by, shot dead by, murderer, murdered by (wd:P157 as wdt/p): person or organization who killed the subject, significant person
3. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as wdt/p): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
4. place of burial, also known as interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as wdt/p): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., location
5. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as wdt/p): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location
6. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as wdt/p): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
7. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as wdt/p): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
8. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as wdt/p): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
9. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt/p): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
10. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as wdt/p): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "place of death" (wdt:P20) seems to be the most relevant to the question "Where was Caesar murdered?" since it indicates the location where Julius Caesar died.

Next, I will write a SPARQL query to find the place of death of Julius Caesar (wd:Q1048).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                   | placeOfDeathLabel      |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| Theatre of Pompey (wd:Q944814) | Theatre of Pompey (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?startTime WHERE {
  wd:Q23001951 wdt:P580 ?startTime .
}

The TV show Riverdale was first aired in the year 2017.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What year was Riverdale first aired?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What are the names of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P361 wd:Q1381762 .
}

Using entities:
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, also known as Ninja Turtles, Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles, TMNT (wd:Q1381762): fictional team of four teenage anthropomorphic turtles

Using properties:
part of, also known as of, within, system of, subsystem of, subgroup of (wd:P361 as wdt): object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is alread... of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))

Example 2:
Question:
List all the musicals with music by Leonard Bernstein.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 wd:Q2743 ; wdt:P86 wd:Q152505 .
}

Using entities:
Leonard Bernstein (wd:Q152505): American conductor and composer (1918–1990), film score composer, musicologist, conductor, composer, pianist
musical, also known as musical play, stage musical, musical theatre, musical theater, lyric drama (wd:Q2743): stage work that combines songs, music, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance

Using properties:
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
composer, also known as music by, written by, songwriter, musical score by, film score by (wd:P86 as wdt): person(s) who wrote the music [for lyricist, use "lyrics by" (P676)], creator

Example 3:
Question:
Give me all writers that won the Nobel Prize in literature.

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P106 wd:Q36180 ; wdt:P166 wd:Q37922 .
}

Using entities:
writer, also known as penwoman, writers, penwomen, penmen, penman (wd:Q36180): person who uses written words to communicate ideas and to produce literary works
Nobel Prize in Literature, also known as Nobel Literature Prize (wd:Q37922): one of five prizes established by Alfred Nobel

Using properties:
occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work

[Assistant]
The question is about the year when the TV show "Riverdale" was first aired. We need to find the entity for "Riverdale" and then find the property that corresponds to the "date of first broadcast" or "original air date" for a TV show.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Riverdale" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Riverdale (wd:Q23001951): American teen drama television series (2017–2023)
2. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, Georgia, Riverdale, GA (wd:Q3260888): city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States siiii
3. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, GA, Riverdale, Georgia (wd:Q3260888): city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States siiii
4. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, IA, Riverdale, Iowa (wd:Q1925935): city in Scott County, Iowa, United States
5. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, UT, Riverdale, Utah (wd:Q129941): city in Weber County, Utah, United States
6. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, New Jersey, Riverdale, NJ (wd:Q1083010): borough in Morris County, New Jersey, United States
7. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, IL (wd:Q2668893): village in Cook County, Illinois, United States
8. Riverdale Park, also known as Riverdale, Riverdale, Maryland, Riverdale Park, Maryland, Riverdale Park, MD (wd:Q754948): town in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States
9. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, NE, Riverdale, Nebraska (wd:Q2516346): village in Nebraska
10. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, ND, Riverdale, North Dakota (wd:Q2373536): human settlement in McLean County, North Dakota, United States of America

[Assistant] The entity "Riverdale" as an American teen drama television series is wd:Q23001951. Next, I will search for properties related to the first air date or original broadcast date of this TV series. I will search for properties related to "first aired" or "original air date" for the entity Riverdale (wd:Q23001951).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. original broadcaster, also known as TV channel, television channel, radio station, radio network, original network (wd:P449 as wdt/p): network(s) or service(s) that originally broadcast a radio or television program, broadcast by
2. number of episodes, also known as series length, no. of episodes, episodes, episode count (wd:P1113 as wdt/p): number of episodes in a film/TV/radio series, number of parts of this work
3. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as wdt/p): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
4. list of episodes, also known as episodes list, episode list (wd:P1811 as wdt/p): link to the article with the list of episodes for this series, has list
5. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as wdt/p): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
6. original language of film or TV show, also known as media language, original language, language of the original work, created on language (wd:P364 as wdt/p): language in which a film or a performance work was originally cr... works and songs; use P407 ("language of work or name") instead., language of work or name
7. TheTVDB series ID, also known as TheTVDB.com series ID (wd:P4835 as wdt/p): identifier for a television series at TheTVDB.com
8. has spin-off, also known as spin-offs, TV spinoff, TV spin-off, TV series spinoff, TV series spin-off (wd:P2512 as wdt/p): works that are spin-offs of this item
9. production company, also known as broadcasting company, theatrical troupe, theatre company, theater company, studio (wd:P272 as wdt/p): company that produced this film, audio or performing arts work
10. Unconsenting Media ID, also known as UM ID, Unconsenting Media work identifier, Unconsenting Media work ID, Unconsenting Media television show identifier, Unconsenting Media television show ID (wd:P9821 as wdt/p): identifier for a film, television show, or literary work in the ...formation about rape and sexual assault in TV, movies, and books

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "start time" (wdt:P580) seems to be the most relevant for the first aired or original air date of the TV series Riverdale. I will now write a SPARQL query to get the start time (first aired year) of Riverdale (wd:Q23001951).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| startTime                           |
| ----------------------------------- |
| 2017-01-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?femaleForm ?femaleFormLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q39018 wdt:P2521 ?femaleForm .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?femaleForm rdfs:label ?femaleFormLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?femaleFormLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}
LIMIT 10

Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| femaleForm         | femaleFormLabel |
| ------------------ | --------------- |
| cesarzowa (pl)     |                 |
| císařovna (cs)     |                 |
| emperadriu (ca)    |                 |
| emperatriz (ast)   |                 |
| emperatriz (es)    |                 |
| empress (en)       |                 |
| imperatorienė (lt) |                 |
| imperatrice (it)   |                 |
| impératrice (fr)   |                 |
| imperatriz (pt)    |                 |

The female form of an emperor in English is called an "empress." This is confirmed by the property 'female form of label' (wdt:P2521) linking the entity 'emperor' (wd:Q39018) to 'empress'.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What do you call a female form of an emperor in English?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
In which countries can you pay using the West African CFA franc?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P38 wd:Q861690 .
}

Using entities:
West African CFA franc, also known as BCEAO franc (wd:Q861690): Currency of several West African countries

Using properties:
currency, also known as base currency, used money (wd:P38 as wdt): currency used by item, uses

Example 2:
Question:
How many missions does the Soyuz programme have?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) AS ?c ) WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P361 wd:Q207329
}

Using entities:
Soyuz programme (wd:Q207329): crewed spaceflight programme of the Soviet Union

Using properties:
part of, also known as of, within, system of, subsystem of, subgroup of (wd:P361 as wdt): object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is alread... of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))

Example 3:
Question:
Which television shows were created by Walt Disney?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q7725310 ; wdt:P170 wd:Q8704 .
}

Using entities:
series of creative works, also known as serial (wd:Q7725310): ordered set of creative works
Walt Disney (wd:Q8704): American animator and producer (1901–1966), television presenter, film producer, film director, caricaturist, manufacturer, screenwriter, illustrator, voice actor, film actor, producer, director, animator, inventor, painter, writer, actor

Using properties:
creator, also known as created by, visual artist, sculptor, sculpted by, realized by (wd:P170 as wdt): maker of this creative work or other object (where no more specific property exists)
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

[Assistant] The question is about the female form of an emperor in English. This is likely a term or title. I will first search for the entity "emperor" in Wikidata to get its identifier. Then I will look for any related terms or female forms.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. emperor, also known as empress, imperator (wd:Q39018): type of monarch
2. monarch, also known as emperor, empress regnant, king, queen regnant (wd:Q116): person at the head of a monarchy
3. Emperor dragonfly, also known as Anax imperator, Blue Emperor, Emperor, Emperor Dragonfly (wd:Q527496): species of insect
4. Emperor of China, also known as Huang-ti, Huang Ti, Son of Heaven, thearch, Ti (wd:Q268218): sovereign of Imperial China
5. Emperor, also known as W. Kaiser (wd:Q264029): Norwegian black metal band
6. Emperor, also known as '' Emperor '' (wd:Q3724802): 2012 film by Peter Webber
7. Emperor (wd:Q1528170): Extended Play recording
8. Da Emperor, also known as Fasasi Mobolaji Gaius, Mobolaji Fasasi, The Emperor, Emperor, Etiemelo Empire Entertainment (wd:Q23771229): Nigerian Individuals rapper, actor and songwriter. He has family...ts in Ogun State. Da Emperor Raps in Yoruba, Pidgin and English., songwriter, rapper, actor
9. Shields Green, also known as Emperor (wd:Q7496187): man enslaved in United States, abolitionist, waiter
10. Emperor (wd:Q5373865): book series by Conn Iggulden

[Assistant] The entity "emperor" is wd:Q39018. It is described as a type of monarch. The female form of emperor is commonly known as "empress." I will now verify if "empress" is related to "emperor" in Wikidata or if it is an instance or subclass of something related. I will search for the entity "empress" next.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. emperor, also known as empress, imperator (wd:Q39018): type of monarch
2. Apaturopsis, also known as Empress (wd:Q773377): genus of insects
3. Canadian Pacific Air Lines, also known as CP, CPC, EMPRESS (wd:Q986941): former Canadian airline, acquired by Canadian Airlines
4. Empress, also known as Empress, AB, Empress, Alberta (wd:Q3396172): village of Alberta, Canada
5. chancellor, also known as rook–knight compound, wolf, rook-knight compound, marshall, marshal (wd:Q646324): fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight
6. empress (wd:Q100387742): imperial title held by a female monarch or consort
7. Empress, also known as EmpressEvolution, Empress Evolution, C000005 (wd:Q116985828): video game cracker, cracker, hacker
8. Empress (wd:Q5374452): novel
9. empress regnant, also known as Empress, Empress Regnant, Maharani (wd:Q15264045): female monarch of Imperial Rank who rules an Empire in her own right
10. HMS Empress, also known as Empress, Empress seaplane carrier (wd:Q4354594): 1914 seaplane carrier

[Assistant] There is an entity "empress" (wd:Q100387742) described as an imperial title held by a female monarch or consort. There is also "empress regnant" (wd:Q15264045) which is a female monarch of imperial rank who rules an empire in her own right. The general term for the female form of an emperor is "empress." I will now construct a SPARQL query to confirm that "empress" is the female form of "emperor" or is related to it in Wikidata. I will check if "empress" is a subclass or instance of "emperor" or if there is a property linking them.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The query to find an entity that is an instance of emperor and contains "empress" in the label returned no results. This means "empress" is not classified as an instance of "emperor" in Wikidata. I will try a different approach and check if "empress" is a subclass of "emperor" or if there is a property linking them as female form or equivalent.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] There are no entities that are subclasses of "emperor" with the label containing "empress." I will now check if there is a property linking "emperor" and "empress" as female form or equivalent. I will search for properties related to "female form" or "equivalent" for the entity "emperor" (wd:Q39018).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. female form of label, also known as female form of label (string), female gender sense, feminine form of label (wd:P2521 as wdt/p): female form of name or title (for male use P3321)
2. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
3. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
4. depicted by, also known as acted by, shown in, seen in, portrayed by, played by (wd:P1299 as wdt/p): object depicting this subject (object being creative works such as books, films, paintings)
5. described by source, also known as mentioned in, source of item, reviewed in, mentioned in news article, talked about in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, attested in
6. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt/p): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
7. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
8. said to be the same as, also known as may be, the same as, synonymous with, same as, same (wd:P460 as wdt/p): this item is said to be the same as that item, though this may be uncertain or disputed
9. Freebase ID, also known as Freebase, MID, Freebase identifier, FID (wd:P646 as wdt/p): identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: "/m/0" f...r IDs starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
10. GND ID, also known as Deutschen Nationalbibliothek ID, Universal Authority File, Integrated Authority File, IndividualisedGnd, GND-IDN (wd:P227 as wdt/wdtn/p): identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations

No other items found

[Assistant] There is a property "female form of label" (wdt:P2521) which is described as the female form of name or title. This property is likely what we need to link "emperor" to its female form. I will now query for the female form of "emperor" using this property.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| femaleForm         | femaleFormLabel |
| ------------------ | --------------- |
| cesarzowa (pl)     |                 |
| císařovna (cs)     |                 |
| emperadriu (ca)    |                 |
| emperatriz (ast)   |                 |
| emperatriz (es)    |                 |
| empress (en)       |                 |
| imperatorienė (lt) |                 |
| imperatrice (it)   |                 |
| impératrice (fr)   |                 |
| imperatriz (pt)    |                 |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?president ?presidentLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q33091469 wdt:P488 ?president .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?president rdfs:label ?presidentLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?presidentLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The current president of the German Bundestag (20th German Bundestag) is the entity wd:Q1019016, who is described as a German politician and President of the Bundestag. The English label is not available, but this entity represents the current president.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is the current president of the German Bundestag currently?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of government is found in South Africa?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q258 wdt:P122 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
South Africa, also known as zaf, R.S.A., za, RSA, SA (wd:Q258): country in southern Africa

Using properties:
basic form of government, also known as form of government, government, type of government (wd:P122 as wdt): subject's government

Example 2:
Question:
When was Jack Wolfskin founded?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?date WHERE {
  wd:Q536133 wdt:P571 ?date .
}

Using entities:
Jack Wolfskin, also known as Jack Wolfskin Ausrüstung für Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA (wd:Q536133): German outdoors clothing and equipment manufacturer and retail chain

Using properties:
inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time

Example 3:
Question:
List all episodes of the first season of the HBO television series The Sopranos!

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( ?episode ) AS ?count ) WHERE {
  ?episode wdt:P4908 wd:Q5274359 .
}

Using entities:
The Sopranos, season 1 (wd:Q5274359): season of television series

Using properties:
season, also known as TV series, television season, TV season, television series, series of television program (wd:P4908 as wdt): season of a series (televison, web, podcast), part of

[Assistant]
The question is about the current president of the German Bundestag. We need to identify the entity for "German Bundestag" and the property that relates to the "president" or "current president" of this entity.

Step 1: Search for the entity "German Bundestag" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. German Bundestag, also known as Bundestag of Germany, German parliament (wd:Q154797): legislature of Germany; parliament
2. 21st German Bundestag, also known as Twenty-first German Bundestag (wd:Q124661964): legislative term from 2025 to 2029 (expected)
3. 20th German Bundestag, also known as Twentieth German Bundestag (wd:Q33091469): legislative term from 2021 to 2025
4. 1st German Bundestag, also known as First German Bundestag (wd:Q30542687): legislative term from 1949 to 1953
5. 2nd German Bundestag, also known as Second German Bundestag (wd:Q30542689): legislative term from 1953 to 1957
6. 19th German Bundestag, also known as Nineteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30579723): legislative term from 2017 to 2021
7. 18th German Bundestag, also known as Eighteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q15081430): legislative term from 2013 to 2017
8. 10th German Bundestag, also known as Tenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542755): legislative term from 1983 to 1987
9. 17th German Bundestag, also known as Seventeenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542764): legislative term from 2009 to 2013
10. 16th German Bundestag, also known as Sixteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542763): legislative term from 2005 to 2009

[Assistant] The entity for "German Bundestag" is wd:Q154797. Now, I will search for properties related to "president" for this entity to find the property that links the Bundestag to its president.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. chairperson, also known as dean, headed by, leader, president, chairwoman (wd:P488 as wdt/p): presiding member of an organization, group or body, director / manager, significant person
2. position held by head of the organization, also known as position held by head of the organisation, secretary's position, president's position, position held by head of the organization, office held by head of the organisation (wd:P2388 as wdt/p): position of the head of this item
3. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
4. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name
5. headquarters location, also known as headquarters locality, seat, headquarters town, HQ, HQ location (wd:P159 as wdt/p): city or town where an organization's headquarters is or has been situated. Use P276 qualifier for specific building, significant place
6. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
7. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as wdt/p): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
8. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
9. Politiklexikon ID, also known as Politiklexikon article ID, Politiklexikon article identifier (wd:P9437 as wdt/p): identifier for an article in the Politiklexikon
10. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "chairperson" (wdt:P488) is related to "president" or leader of an organization. This seems to be the correct property to find the president of the German Bundestag.

Next, I will write a SPARQL query to get the current president of the German Bundestag using the entity wd:Q154797 and the property wdt:P488.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| president                  | presidentLabel      |
| -------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Julia Klöckner (wd:Q88158) | Julia Klöckner (en) |

[Assistant]
The query returned Julia Klöckner as the president of the German Bundestag, but this seems incorrect because Julia Klöckner is a German politician but not the president of the Bundestag.

I will check if there is a more specific property or qualifier indicating the "current" president or if there is a more specific entity for the current legislative term of the Bundestag that might have a different president. I will search for the current legislative term of the German Bundestag.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. German Bundestag, also known as Bundestag of Germany, German parliament (wd:Q154797): legislature of Germany; parliament
2. 21st German Bundestag, also known as Twenty-first German Bundestag (wd:Q124661964): legislative term from 2025 to 2029 (expected)
3. 20th German Bundestag, also known as Twentieth German Bundestag (wd:Q33091469): legislative term from 2021 to 2025
4. 1st German Bundestag, also known as First German Bundestag (wd:Q30542687): legislative term from 1949 to 1953
5. 2nd German Bundestag, also known as Second German Bundestag (wd:Q30542689): legislative term from 1953 to 1957
6. 19th German Bundestag, also known as Nineteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30579723): legislative term from 2017 to 2021
7. 18th German Bundestag, also known as Eighteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q15081430): legislative term from 2013 to 2017
8. 10th German Bundestag, also known as Tenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542755): legislative term from 1983 to 1987
9. 17th German Bundestag, also known as Seventeenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542764): legislative term from 2009 to 2013
10. 16th German Bundestag, also known as Sixteenth German Bundestag (wd:Q30542763): legislative term from 2005 to 2009

[Assistant] The current legislative term of the German Bundestag is the 20th German Bundestag (wd:Q33091469) which is from 2021 to 2025. I will now check the president or chairperson of this specific legislative term.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| president   | presidentLabel |
| ----------- | -------------- |
| wd:Q1019016 |                |

[Assistant] The query returned an entity wd:Q1019016 as the president of the 20th German Bundestag, but it does not have an English label in the result. I will now get the label of this entity separately to identify the name of the current president of the German Bundestag.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q1019016 does not have an English label. I will try to get the label in German (de) since this is a German political position.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q1019016 does not have a label in English or German. I will try to get some other information about this entity to identify it, such as instance of or description.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 4 columns:
| property                                          | propertyLabel | value                  | valueLabel |
| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ---------------------- | ---------- |
| social media followers (wdt:P8687)                |               | 19975 (xsd:decimal)    |            |
| Munzinger person ID (wdt:P1284)                   |               | 00000032598            |            |
| catalog code (wdt:P528)                           |               | 11004006               |            |
| GND ID (wdt:P227)                                 |               | 1156571332             |            |
| DDB person (GND) ID (wdt:P13049)                  |               | 1156571332             |            |
| VIAF cluster ID (wdt:P214)                        |               | 2087152502921310800004 |            |
| Our Campaigns candidate ID (wdt:P8445)            |               | 532631                 |            |
| abgeordnetenwatch.de politician ID (wdt:P5355)    |               | 79455                  |            |
| National Library of Poland Descriptor (wdt:P7293) |               | 9812451548805606       |            |
| Der Spiegel topic ID (wdt:P10234)                 |               | baerbel-bas            |            |

[Assistant] The entity wd:Q1019016 has an identifier "baerbel-bas" in Der Spiegel topic ID (wdt:P10234), which suggests it might be Bärbel Bas. I will verify this by searching for "Bärbel Bas" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Starting Strength, also known as Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training (wd:Q12233890): book by Mark Rippetoe and Lon Kilgore
2. bass, also known as bas, bass voice (wd:Q27911): type of classical male singing voice
3. bass, also known as bas, bass voice (wd:Q27911): type of classical male singing voice
4. Bas-en-Basset, also known as Bas, Bas de Bassès, Sainte-Paule (wd:Q1065773): commune in Haute-Loire, France
5. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, also known as БЪЛГАРСКА АКАДЕМИЯ НА НАУКИТЕ, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences，簡稱：BAS, BASS, BAS, Balgarska Akademiya na Naukite (wd:Q1003730): academy of sciences
6. barium sulfide, also known as Bariumsulfid, BaS, [BaS], barium sulphide (wd:Q411656): chemical compound
7. British Antarctic Survey, also known as BAS (wd:Q918757): United Kingdom's national Antarctic operation
8. barbel, also known as tendril, whisker (wd:Q809245): whisker-like sensory organs near the mouth of some fish species
9. basolia, also known as bas, basetlia (wd:Q3622278): Polish musical instrument
10. Cornelis Bas, also known as Bas, Kees Bas (wd:Q4078945): Dutch mycologist (1928-2013), mycologist, botanist

[Assistant] The search for "Bärbel Bas" did not directly return the expected entity. I will try searching for "Bärbel Bas" with a more general search to find the correct entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Sam Bass, also known as Sam Bass (Australian politician), Sam Bass (politician), Sam Bass (South Australian politician), Rodney Piers Bass, Piers Bass (wd:Q16106546): South Australian politician and police officer (1944–2018), trade unionist, police officer, politician
2. 'Hospital bashing'--press and politicians accused (wd:Q77687786): scientific article published on 01 March 1978
3. Starting Strength, also known as Starting Strength: Basic Barbell Training (wd:Q12233890): book by Mark Rippetoe and Lon Kilgore
4. politician, also known as pol, political leader, polit., political figure (wd:Q82955): person who holds or seeks positions in government
5. bass, also known as bas, bass voice (wd:Q27911): type of classical male singing voice
6. bass, also known as bas, bass voice (wd:Q27911): type of classical male singing voice
7. Bas-en-Basset, also known as Bas, Bas de Bassès, Sainte-Paule (wd:Q1065773): commune in Haute-Loire, France
8. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, also known as БЪЛГАРСКА АКАДЕМИЯ НА НАУКИТЕ, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences，簡稱：BAS, BASS, BAS, Balgarska Akademiya na Naukite (wd:Q1003730): academy of sciences
9. barium sulfide, also known as Bariumsulfid, BaS, [BaS], barium sulphide (wd:Q411656): chemical compound
10. British Antarctic Survey, also known as BAS (wd:Q918757): United Kingdom's national Antarctic operation

[Assistant] The search did not return a direct match for Bärbel Bas as a politician. I will now try to get the label of the entity wd:Q1019016 without language filter to see if there is any label available in any language.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label            |
| ---------------- |
| Barbara Bas (la) |

[Assistant] The label for the entity wd:Q1019016 is "Barbara Bas" in Latin. This seems to be a mismatch or an incorrect label. I will try to get the English description of this entity to understand who it is.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| description                                        |
| -------------------------------------------------- |
| German politician, President of the Bundestag (en) |

[Assistant]
The entity wd:Q1019016 is described as a "German politician, President of the Bundestag." This confirms that this entity is the current president of the German Bundestag.

I will now finalize the answer with the name of this entity.

[Tool] Stopped generation process