PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?occupation ?occupationLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q169452 wdt:P106 ?occupation .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?occupation rdfs:label ?occupationLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?occupationLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 13 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| occupation                             | occupationLabel               |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| film actor (wd:Q10800557)              | film actor (en)               |
| podcaster (wd:Q15077007)               | podcaster (en)                |
| singer (wd:Q177220)                    | singer (en)                   |
| rapper (wd:Q2252262)                   | rapper (en)                   |
| screenwriter (wd:Q28389)               | screenwriter (en)             |
| ...                                    | ...                           |
| basketball player (wd:Q3665646)        | basketball player (en)        |
| Thai boxer (wd:Q388513)                | Thai boxer (en)               |
| businessperson (wd:Q43845)             | businessperson (en)           |
| television producer (wd:Q578109)       | television producer (en)      |
| real estate entrepreneur (wd:Q7301138) | real estate entrepreneur (en) |

Yes, Shaquille O'Neal is explicitly listed as both a basketball player and a film actor in Wikidata.

Was Shaquille O'Neal, as the basketball player, also an film actor?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Was Shaquille O'Neal, as the basketball player, also an film actor?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to verify two things about Shaquille O'Neal in Wikidata:
1. Confirm that Shaquille O'Neal is an entity in Wikidata.
2. Check if he has the occupation of "basketball player."
3. Check if he also has the occupation of "film actor."

I will start by searching for the entity "Shaquille O'Neal" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Shaquille O'Neal, also known as Shaquille O’Neal, Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal, Shaquille, Shaquille Rashaun O’Neal, Shaq (wd:Q169452): American basketball player, real estate entrepreneur, television producer, sports commentator, instance of human, basketball player, businessperson, film producer, screenwriter, film actor, Thai boxer, podcaster, singer, rapper, actor
2. Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q125446160): instance of television series episode, episode of All That (S5 E3)
3. Shaquille Cleare, also known as Shaquille O'Neal Cleare (wd:Q61953486): college basketball player (2013–2017) Maryland; Texas, basketball player, instance of human
4. Shaquille O'Neal Motors (wd:Q114535400): instance of television series episode, episode of Fresh Off the Boat (S2 E3)
5. Shaquille Allen, also known as Shaquille O'Neal Allen (wd:Q106725550): American football player, instance of human
6. Shaq Belson, also known as Shaquille Belson, Shaquille O'Neal Belson (wd:Q106725566): American American football player, American football player, instance of human
7. Statue of Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q114363921): sculpture in Los Angeles, California, U.S, instance of statue
8. Upload with Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q7898386): American comedy television series, instance of television series
9. The Best of Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q7717219): album by Shaquille O'Neal, instance of album
10. A Message from Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q110058550): instance of Saturday Night Live sketch, sketch from Saturday Night Live

[Assistant] I found the entity for Shaquille O'Neal (wd:Q169452) who is described as an American basketball player and also has occupations including film actor. Now I will verify if he has the occupation of "basketball player" and "film actor" explicitly stated in Wikidata. I will check his occupations.

[Tool]
Got 13 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| occupation                             | occupationLabel               |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| film actor (wd:Q10800557)              | film actor (en)               |
| podcaster (wd:Q15077007)               | podcaster (en)                |
| singer (wd:Q177220)                    | singer (en)                   |
| rapper (wd:Q2252262)                   | rapper (en)                   |
| screenwriter (wd:Q28389)               | screenwriter (en)             |
| ...                                    | ...                           |
| basketball player (wd:Q3665646)        | basketball player (en)        |
| Thai boxer (wd:Q388513)                | Thai boxer (en)               |
| businessperson (wd:Q43845)             | businessperson (en)           |
| television producer (wd:Q578109)       | television producer (en)      |
| real estate entrepreneur (wd:Q7301138) | real estate entrepreneur (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
ASK WHERE {
  wd:Q164815 wdt:P710 wd:Q190076
}

Yes, Joe Cocker did play at the Woodstock festival.

Did Joe Cocker play at the Woodstock festival?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Did Joe Cocker play at the Woodstock festival?

[Assistant]
To answer the question if Joe Cocker played at the Woodstock festival, I need to verify the following:
1. Identify the entity for Joe Cocker.
2. Identify the entity for the Woodstock festival.
3. Check if Joe Cocker is linked to the Woodstock festival as a performer or participant.

I will start by searching for the entity of Joe Cocker in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Joe Cocker, also known as John Robert Cocker (wd:Q190076): English musician (1944–2014), instance of human, recording artist, songwriter, pianist, singer, actor
2. Joe Cocker! (wd:Q1134325): album by Joe Cocker, instance of album
3. Joe Cocker, also known as Something to Say (wd:Q3489835): 1972 studio album by Joe Cocker, instance of album
4. John Cocker, also known as Joe Cocker, John Collard Cocker (wd:Q6226496): English cricketer (1815-1885), instance of human, cricketer
5. Joe Cocker Live (wd:Q6209136): live album by Joe Cocker, instance of album
6. Joe Cocker concert (wd:Q99341192): Joe Cocker concert performed during Montreux Jazz Festival the 2002-07-20, instance of concert
7. Joe Cocker concert (wd:Q99322137): Joe Cocker concert performed during Montreux Jazz Festival the 1987-07-08, instance of concert
8. Joe Cocker concert (wd:Q99321521): Joe Cocker concert performed during Montreux Jazz Festival the 1992-07-02, instance of concert
9. Greatest Hits, also known as Joe Cocker - Greatest Hits (wd:Q5483207): 1998 compilation album by Joe Cocker, instance of album
10. Joe Cocker's Greatest Hits (wd:Q6209134): 1977 compilation album by Joe Cocker, instance of album

[Assistant] I found the entity for Joe Cocker as wd:Q190076. Next, I will search for the entity of the Woodstock festival.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Woodstock Festival, also known as Woodstock, Woodstock Fest (wd:Q164815): 1969 music festival in New York, United States, instance of festival occurrence
2. Woodstock 50, also known as Woodstock fest, Woodstock festival, woodstock 50 festival (wd:Q62112097): instance of cancelled event, instance of music festival, music festival
3. Pol'and'Rock Festival, also known as Woodstock Festival Poland, Przystanek Woodstock (wd:Q945758): rock music festival in Poland, instance of music festival
4. Woodstock Film Festival (wd:Q8033430): instance of 501(c)(3) organization, instance of film festival, film festival
5. Woodstock Mozart Festival (wd:Q8033440): instance of music festival, instance of business, music Festival
6. Woodstock Fruit Festival (wd:Q17087450): instance of food festival, Festival in New York
7. Woodstock Jazz Festival (wd:Q8033439): instance of concert tour
8. Woodstock Music Festival (wd:Q106973628): The 70's Biweekly (MCY-000415), instance of aspect of history
9. At the Woodstock Festival (wd:Q16242729): 1970 live album by Ravi Shankar, instance of album
10. Live in Woodstock Festival (wd:Q24203738): 2016 album by Ska-P, instance of album

[Assistant] I found the entity for the Woodstock Festival as wd:Q164815. Now I will check if Joe Cocker (wd:Q190076) is linked as a performer or participant to the Woodstock Festival (wd:Q164815). I will look for statements where Joe Cocker is linked to the Woodstock Festival with properties like "performer," "participant," or similar.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] The property "wdt:P527" (has part) did not return any results for the Woodstock Festival entity. I will try to find other properties that link a festival to its performers or participants. I will search for properties related to "performer" or "participant" for the Woodstock Festival entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. participant, also known as suspect, player, party, participants, has participant (wd:P710 as wdt/p): person, group of people or organization (object) that actively t...ct has role" (P3831). Use P1923 for participants that are teams., subproperty of significant person
2. country, also known as state, sovereign state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
3. genre, also known as type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre, kind of music (wd:P136 as wdt/p): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
4. image, also known as img, infobox image, photo, photograph, picture (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
5. instance of, also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different from P...tains, and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform
6. coordinate location, also known as gps co-ordinates, wgs 84, gps coordinates, gps location, latitude (wd:P625 as wdt/p): geocoordinates of the subject. For Earth, please note that only WGS84 coordinating system is supported at the moment
7. Store norske leksikon (Great Norwegian Encyclopedia) ID, also known as Store norske leksikon ID, SNL ID, Snl ID, GNE ID (wd:P4342 as wdt/p): identifier of an article in the online encyclopedia snl.no
8. inception, also known as inception date, founding date, founded in, founded on date, founded on (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, subproperty of start time
9. location, also known as neighborhood, locale, neighbourhood, place, place held (wd:P276 as wdt/p): location of the object, structure or event. In the case of an ad...ity use P706. Use P7153 for locations associated with the object
10. MusicBrainz event ID, also known as event ID, MBID event, MB event ID, MBE, event MBID (wd:P6423 as wdt/p/wdtn): identifier for an event in the MusicBrainz open music encyclopedia

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "participant" (wdt:P710) seems relevant for linking people or groups who participated in an event like the Woodstock Festival. I will check if Joe Cocker (wd:Q190076) is listed as a participant in the Woodstock Festival (wd:Q164815) using this property.

[Tool] True

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?independenceDate WHERE {
  wd:Q843 wdt:P571 ?independenceDate .
}

Pakistan became independent on August 14, 1947.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] When did Pakistan become independent?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "When did Pakistan become independent?" I need to find the entity for Pakistan and then find the property that represents the date of its independence.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Pakistan" in Wikidata.
Step 2: Search for properties related to independence date for the entity Pakistan.
Step 3: Construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the independence date of Pakistan.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pakistan, also known as pk, Republic of Pakistan, PAK, Islamic Republic of Pakistan (wd:Q843): sovereign state in South Asia, instance of sovereign state, instance of country
2. Dominion of Pakistan, also known as Pakistan (wd:Q2006542): period of Pakistani history between 1947 to 1956, instance of dominion of the British Empire, instance of historical country
3. West Pakistan, also known as Pakistan (wd:Q2342822): Western Wing of Pakistan between 1947–1970, instance of historical country
4. Pakistan (wd:Q4121082): village in Purnia district, Bihar, India, instance of village in India
5. Urdu 1, also known as Pakistan (wd:Q2786023): Pakistani Urdu-language television network, instance of television network
6. Pakistan (wd:Q57206806): instance of village of Cameroon, instance of village, village in Cameroon
7. Pakistan (wd:Q122963846): 2023 single by D-Block Europe and Clavish, instance of musical work/composition
8. Khan Bela, also known as Pakistan, Rahim Yar Khan, Liaqatpur (wd:Q31308479): Khan Bela is a city in Rahim Yar Khan District, Punjab, Pakistan...is {{cvt|90|km|mile}} from Khan Bela and Bahawalpur is {{cvt|105, instance of human settlement
9. Pakistan (wd:Q57939782): scientific article published on 01 March 1987, instance of scholarly article
10. Pakistan (wd:Q123373611): 1954 film produced by Milan Herzog, instance of short film

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as inception date, founding date, founded in, founded on date, founded on (wd:P571 as wdt/p): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, subproperty of start time
2. Libération topic ID, also known as Libération identifier (wd:P13113 as wdt/p): identifier for a topic on the website of Libération
3. history of topic, also known as chronology of subject, timeline of topic, timeline of the topic, timeline of the subject, timeline of subject (wd:P2184 as wdt/p): item about the historical development of a subject's topic, exam... To list key events of the topic, use "significant event" (P793), subproperty of studied by
4. retirement age (wd:P3001 as wdt/p): the age at which most people normally retire from work, subproperty of position held, subproperty of minimum age, subproperty of occupation
5. age of majority (wd:P2997 as wdt/p): threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law. Use qua... "start time" (P580) or "point in time" (P585) for historic data, subproperty of minimum age
6. country, also known as state, sovereign state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
7. located in time zone, also known as TZ, timezone, time zone (wd:P421 as wdt/p): time zone for this item
8. GND ID, also known as GND identifier, Universal Authority File, Integrated Authority File, IndividualisedGnd, GND-IDN (wd:P227 as wdt/p/wdtn): identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations
9. native label, also known as official name, original title, official title, original label, original language label (wd:P1705 as wdt/p): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, subproperty of name
10. official name, also known as long name, long title, name, official title, registered name (wd:P1448 as wdt/p): official name of the subject in its official language(s), subproperty of name

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Libération topic ID, also known as Libération identifier (wd:P13113 as wdt/p): identifier for a topic on the website of Libération
2. country, also known as state, sovereign state, land, host country (wd:P17 as wdt/p): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), subproperty of located in the administrative territorial entity
3. Interlingual Index ID, also known as ILI ID (wd:P5063 as wdt/p/wdtn)
4. Guardian topic ID, also known as Guardian, The Guardian topic ID, The Guardian topic (wd:P3106 as wdt/p): identifier for a topic at the Guardian newspaper website
5. flag, also known as flag description (wd:P163 as wdt/p): subject's flag
6. area, also known as acreage, total area, surface area, surface, size (wd:P2046 as wdt/p): area occupied by an object
7. head of state, also known as state headed by, queen, president, monarch, leader (wd:P35 as wdt/p): official with the highest formal authority in a country/state, subproperty of director / manager, subproperty of chairperson
8. National Library of Iceland ID, also known as NULI ID, UIY ID (wd:P7039 as wdt/p): identifier for authority control managed by the National Library of Iceland
9. follows, also known as prev, successor to, succeeds to, succeeds, split from (wd:P155 as wdt/p): immediately prior item in a series of which the subject is a par... preceding item, e.g. political offices, use "replaces" (P1365)]
10. age of majority (wd:P2997 as wdt/p): threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law. Use qua... "start time" (P580) or "point in time" (P585) for historic data, subproperty of minimum age

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. inception, also known as inception date, founding date, founded in, founded on date, founded on (wd:P571 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, subproperty of start time
2. date depicted, also known as date shown, depicted date, depicted time, depicts date, shown as at date (wd:P2913 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): date represented in a work (for narrative works use P2408)
3. announcement date, also known as date teased, made public on, public announcement date, published, released (wd:P6949 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): time of the first public presentation of a subject by the creator, of information by the media, subproperty of point in time
4. date of official opening, also known as launched, launch date, officially opened on, official opening, official opening time (wd:P1619 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): date or point in time a place, organization, or event officially opened, subproperty of start time, subproperty of inception
5. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): subproperty of dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, subproperty of end time
6. dissolved, abolished or demolished date, also known as end date, publication end date, ended, final issue, final year (wd:P576 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): point in time at which the subject (organisation, building) ceas...g equipment,  "discontinued date" (P2669) for stopping a product, subproperty of end time
7. earliest date, also known as terminus post quem, start date (earliest), on or after this date, no earlier than, minimum date (wd:P1319 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): earliest date at which an event could have happened. Use as qualifier for other date properties
8. recording date, also known as rec. date, recorded date, record date, recdate, date of recording (wd:P10135 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): the date when a recording was made, subproperty of inception
9. day in year for periodic occurrence, also known as took place on, takes places during, takes place on, take place on, recurring event (wd:P837 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): when a specific holiday or periodic event occurs. Can be used as property or qualifier
10. point in time, also known as year, when, time of event, time, during (wd:P585 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): date something took place, existed or a statement was true; for providing time use the "refine date" property (P4241)

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| independenceDate                    | independenceDateLabel |
| ----------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| 1947-08-14T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) | Pakistan (en)         |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?inception WHERE {
  wd:Q852989 wdt:P571 ?inception .
}

Humans first started bouldering as a recognized activity or sport around the year 1900 according to the inception date of the bouldering entity in Wikidata.

when did human first start to bouldering?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when did human first start to bouldering?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "When did humans first start to bouldering?" I need to clarify the concept of "bouldering." Bouldering is a form of rock climbing performed on small rock formations or artificial rock walls without the use of ropes or harnesses. It is a relatively modern sport, but climbing on rocks and boulders likely dates back to ancient times.

Step 1: I will search for the entity "bouldering" in Wikidata to find its identifier and related information. This will help me understand if there is a specific date or period associated with the origin of bouldering as a sport or activity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. bouldering, also known as boulder climbing (wd:Q852989)
2. bouldering (wd:L1134098-S1)
3. bouldering (wd:L1380804-F4)
4. bouldering (wd:L1134099-S1)
5. bouldering mat, also known as crash pad, sketchpad, crashpad (wd:Q687775)
6. competition climbing, also known as Sport climbing, Olympic climbing, Competition speed climbing, Competition lead climbing, Climbing competition (wd:Q5133668)
7. competition bouldering (wd:Q118684149)
8. bouldering gym, also known as boulder gym (wd:Q125822539)
9. bouldering grade, also known as bouldering classification, grade (wd:Q5591695)
10. boulder climbing route, also known as bouldering problem, boulder problem (wd:Q60648877)

[Assistant] The entity "bouldering" is identified as wd:Q852989 in Wikidata. Now, I will check the properties and statements related to this entity to see if there is any information about when humans first started bouldering or the history/origin of bouldering.

[Tool]
Got 203 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | hobby (wd:Q47728)                                                                      |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Bouldering                                                                             |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kl%C3%A1ra%20Preislerov%C3%A1.png> |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | subclass of (wdt:P279)           | rock climbing (wd:Q1154336)                                                            |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | inception (wdt:P571)             | 1900-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                    |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | has part(s) (wdt:P527)           | competition bouldering (wd:Q118684149)                                                 |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | different from (wdt:P1889)       | lead climbing (wd:Q1340655)                                                            |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | topic's main category (wdt:P910) | wd:Q22074805                                                                           |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | facet of (wdt:P1269)             | climbing (wd:Q22857)                                                                   |
| bouldering (wd:Q852989) | authority (wdt:P797)             | International Federation of Sport Climbing (wd:Q1666542)                               |
| ...                     | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The property "inception" (wdt:P571) for the entity "bouldering" (wd:Q852989) has a value of "1900-01-01T00:00:00Z". This suggests that bouldering as a recognized activity or sport started around the year 1900.

I will now finalize the answer based on this information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


The property 'total goals in career' (wdt:P6509) which would be the most relevant for answering the question is not populated for any soccer player in Wikidata. Other properties related to goals scored, such as 'number of goals scored' (wdt:P1351) or 'top scorer' (wdt:P12475), are also not populated for soccer players. Attempts to aggregate goals from match-level data also returned no results. Therefore, the data in Wikidata does not currently support answering the question 'Who is the soccer player with the most goals in their career?' with a single SPARQL query.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who is the soccer player with the most goals in their career?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "Who is the soccer player with the most goals in their career?", I need to:

1. Identify the entity class for "soccer player" in Wikidata.
2. Identify the property that records the number of goals scored by a soccer player in their career.
3. Query for soccer players and their career goals, then find the player with the highest number of goals.

First, I will search for the entity class for "soccer player" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. association football player, also known as football player, player, association soccer player, soccer player, footballer (wd:Q937857)
2. Soccer Player (wd:Q106769022): painting by James Edward Davis, instance of painting
3. Soccer Player (wd:Q101223812): plaquette by Pierre Theunis (1883-1950), Belgium, S.d., Coins and Medals Department of the Royal Library of Belgium, 2N260/20, instance of work of art, instance of plaque
4. futsal player, also known as indoor soccer player (wd:Q18515558)
5. beach soccer player, also known as beach football player, beach footballer (wd:Q21057452)
6. international footballer, also known as international soccer player (wd:Q119410189)
7. Mohamed Lamine Coulibaly, also known as American Soccer player (wd:Q113517271): American Soccer player, instance of human, athlete
8. Matt Heffernan, also known as Matt Heffernan, Professional Soccer Player (wd:Q133818501): Matt Heffernan is a professional soccer player and NCAA Division...lum with experience at Brooklyn FC, NJIT, and Merrimack College., instance of biography
9. Soccer Player Simulator (wd:Q122342999): instance of video game, 2019 video game
10. Pierino González, also known as football player, football, soccer (wd:Q28058928): association football player, football player (1929-2016), instance of human

[Assistant]
The entity class for "soccer player" is "association football player" (wd:Q937857).

Next, I need to find the property that records the number of goals scored by a soccer player in their career. I will search for properties related to "goals" for the entity "association football player" (wd:Q937857).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as wdt/p): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
2. topic's main category, also known as category for this topic, Wikipedia category, Wikimedia category, Wiki category, subject category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
3. image, also known as img, infobox image, photo, photograph, picture (wd:P18 as wdt/p): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
4. field of this occupation, also known as field of profession, works in, profession's field, practices, practice (wd:P425 as wdt/p): field corresponding to this occupation or profession (use only f...fessions - for people use Property:P101, for companies use P452)
5. part of, also known as meronym of, contained within, of, part of-property, section of (wd:P361 as wdt/p): object of which the subject is a part (if this subject is alread... of "has part" (P527, see also "has parts of the class" (P2670))
6. instance of, also known as example of, has type, is a, is an, is of type (wd:P31 as wdt/p): type to which this subject corresponds/belongs. Different from P...tains, and the volcano is a type (instance) of volcanic landform
7. wears, also known as accessory, wore, wearing, uniform, outfit (wd:P3828 as wdt/p): clothing or accessory worn on subject's body, subproperty of item operated
8. subclass of, also known as subcategory of, subgenre of, sort of, subtype of, type of (wd:P279 as wdt/p): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
9. Freebase ID, also known as FID, Freebase, Freebase identifier, MID (wd:P646 as wdt/p): identifier for a page in the Freebase database. Format: "/m/0" f...r IDs starting with "/g/", use Google Knowledge Graph ID (P2671)
10. equivalent class, also known as schema.org type, same kind of thing, external class, same grouping, same class (wd:P1709 as wdt/p): equivalent class in other ontologies (use property URI), subproperty of exact match, subproperty of URL

No other items found

[Assistant]
The search for properties related to "goal" for the entity "association football player" did not return a direct property for the number of goals scored by a player.

I will try a more general search for properties related to "goals" to find a suitable property that might record the number of goals scored by a soccer player in their career.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. number of points/goals/set scored, also known as GF, score for, points scored, number of points, goals scored (wd:P1351 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): goals / points scored in a match or an event used as qualifier to the participant. Use P1358 for league points.
2. has goal, also known as intention, mission, objective, objective of project or action, project of (wd:P3712 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): desired result or outcome
3. motto text, also known as maxime, mission, mission statement, slogan, strapline (wd:P1451 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): short motivation sentence associated to item
4. has use, also known as used as, utility, used in, used for, use (wd:P366 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): main use of the subject (includes current and former usage)
5. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, purpose, scientific area, responsible for, research on (wd:P101 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, subproperty of interested in
6. towards, also known as destination, final station, in the direction of, last stop, terminating station (wd:P5051 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): qualifier for "adjacent station" (P197) to indicate the terminal station(s) of a transportation line or service in that direction
7. destination point, also known as finish, journey destination, stopping at, to, end point (journey) (wd:P1444 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): destination for this route (journey, flight, sailing, exploration, migration, etc.), subproperty of destination of transfer, subproperty of location
8. terminus location, also known as between, to, from, destination, departure point (wd:P609 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): location of the terminus of a linear feature
9. destination of transfer, also known as destination, to, target, recipient, receiver (wd:P12694 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): entity that a transferred item comes to be associated with as a result of this process
10. orchestration, also known as scoring, score notation, orchestration notation, orchestration in notated form, notated scoring (wd:P11862 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): an enumeration of the instruments used in a musical composition or arrangement described using any system of score notation

[Assistant]
The property "number of points/goals/set scored" (wdt:P1351) seems to be related to goals scored in a match or event and is used as a qualifier to the participant. This might be useful for individual matches but may not directly represent the total career goals.

I will try to find if there is a property or statement that records the total career goals for a soccer player. I will check the statements of a known famous soccer player to see how goals are recorded. I will search for a famous soccer player entity first.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. association football player, also known as football player, player, association soccer player, soccer player, footballer (wd:Q937857)
2. Soccer Player (wd:Q106769022): painting by James Edward Davis, instance of painting
3. Soccer Player (wd:Q101223812): plaquette by Pierre Theunis (1883-1950), Belgium, S.d., Coins and Medals Department of the Royal Library of Belgium, 2N260/20, instance of work of art, instance of plaque
4. futsal player, also known as indoor soccer player (wd:Q18515558)
5. beach soccer player, also known as beach football player, beach footballer (wd:Q21057452)
6. international footballer, also known as international soccer player (wd:Q119410189)
7. Mohamed Lamine Coulibaly, also known as American Soccer player (wd:Q113517271): American Soccer player, instance of human, athlete
8. Matt Heffernan, also known as Matt Heffernan, Professional Soccer Player (wd:Q133818501): Matt Heffernan is a professional soccer player and NCAA Division...lum with experience at Brooklyn FC, NJIT, and Merrimack College., instance of biography
9. Soccer Player Simulator (wd:Q122342999): instance of video game, 2019 video game
10. Pierino González, also known as football player, football, soccer (wd:Q28058928): association football player, football player (1929-2016), instance of human

[Assistant] I will search for a famous soccer player known for scoring many goals, for example, "Pelé," to check how goals are recorded in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Pelé, also known as O Rei, Pele, Edson Arantes do Nascimento (wd:Q12897): Brazilian footballer (1940–2022), association football player, instance of human, politician, film actor, actor
2. 2202 Pele, also known as (2202) Pele, Pele (wd:Q124413): instance of near-Earth object, instance of asteroid, asteroid
3. Pele (wd:Q1133063): Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes and fire and the creator of the Hawaiian Islands, instance of goddess
4. Pelé: Birth of a Legend, also known as Pelé (wd:Q15141749): 2014 film by Jeff Zimbalist, instance of film
5. Pelé, also known as Pele (wd:Q277772): association football player, Portuguese footballer, instance of human
6. Pelé, also known as Judilson Mamadu Tuncará Gomes (wd:Q1991022): association football player, instance of human
7. Pele (wd:Q1320267): instance of eruptive center, instance of volcano, volcano on Io
8. Becheni, also known as Pele (wd:Q721232): village in Satu Mare County, Romania, instance of village
9. Pelé, also known as Pele (wd:Q1388327): Cape Verdean association football player, association football player, instance of human
10. Pelé (wd:Q105694930): 2021 film directed by Ben Nicholas and David Tryhorn, instance of film

[Assistant]
The famous soccer player Pelé is represented by the entity wd:Q12897.

I will now check the properties and statements of Pelé (wd:Q12897) to see if there is a property that records his total career goals.

[Tool]
Got 1,017 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject          | property                         | object                                                                                |
| ---------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | instance of (wdt:P31)            | human (wd:Q5)                                                                                |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | occupation (wdt:P106)            | actor (wd:Q33999)                                                                            |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | sex or gender (wdt:P21)          | male (wd:Q6581097)                                                                           |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | given name (wdt:P735)            | Edson (wd:Q18697757)                                                                         |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | date of birth (wdt:P569)         | 1940-10-23T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                          |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | Commons category (wdt:P373)      | Pelé                                                                                |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | image (wdt:P18)                  | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pele%20con%20brasil%20%28cropped%29.jpg> |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | family name (wdt:P734)           | do Nascimento (wd:Q28800668)                                                                 |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | country of citizenship (wdt:P27) | Brazil (wd:Q155)                                                                             |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | place of birth (wdt:P19)         | Três Corações (wd:Q1439211)                                                                  |
| ...              | ...                              | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The list of properties for Pelé (wd:Q12897) does not immediately show a direct property for total career goals.

I will now check the statements related to sports or football for Pelé to see if goals are recorded as qualifiers or in some other way. I will specifically look for statements related to "sport" or "football" or "goals."

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject          | property         | object                          |
| ---------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Pelé (wd:Q12897) | sport (wdt:P641) | association football (wd:Q2736) |

[Assistant]
Pelé has the property "sport" (wdt:P641) with the value "association football" (wd:Q2736).

I will now check if there are any statements related to goals or scoring for Pelé as qualifiers or part of other properties. I will search for properties related to Pelé that might contain goal information.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, purpose, scientific area, responsible for, research on (wd:P101 as wdt/p): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, subproperty of interested in
2. award received, also known as winner of, win, recognition title, received award, award won (wd:P166 as wdt/p): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
3. total goals in career (wd:P6509 as wdt/p): goalscoring statistic
4. sport, also known as play, plays, sport played, sports (wd:P641 as wdt/p): sport that the subject participates or participated in or is associated with
5. member of sports team, also known as plays for, played for, sport team, team, team played for (wd:P54 as wdt/p): sports teams or clubs that the subject represents or represented, subproperty of member of
6. significant event, also known as significant occurrence, significant incident, significant achievment, sign. event, outcome (wd:P793 as wdt/p): significant or notable events associated with the subject
7. described by source, also known as mentioned in, mentioned in news article, reviewed in, source of item, subject in (wd:P1343 as wdt/p): work where this item is described, subproperty of attested in
8. topic's main category, also known as category for this topic, Wikipedia category, Wikimedia category, Wiki category, subject category (wd:P910 as wdt/p): main Wikimedia category
9. position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt/p): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office
10. occupation, also known as avocation, career, craft, employ, employment (wd:P106 as wdt/p): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is a property "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509) which is a goalscoring statistic. This property seems to be exactly what we need to find the soccer player with the most goals in their career.

I will now write a SPARQL query to find the soccer player (instance of association football player) with the highest value of "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509).

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The query to find the soccer player with the highest "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509) returned no results. This suggests that this property might not be widely used or populated in Wikidata.

I will try a different approach by checking the property "goals scored" (wdt:P1351) which is used as a qualifier for matches or events and see if I can aggregate the goals scored by players.

I will write a query to find players who have "goals scored" statements and sum these goals to find the player with the most goals.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The query to sum goals scored by players using the property "goals scored" (wdt:P1351) as a qualifier also returned no results. This indicates that the data might not be structured in a way that allows easy aggregation of career goals from individual matches or events.

Given the limitations in the data, I will try a simpler approach: I will query for the soccer player with the highest value for the property "number of goals" or similar properties that might represent career goals.

I will search for properties related to "career goals" or "goals" that are used directly for players.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. occupation, also known as avocation, career, craft, employ, employment (wd:P106 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
2. work period (start), also known as start date of activity, start time for work, start working, years active, fl. (start) (wd:P2031 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): start of period during which a person or group flourished (fl. = "floruit") in their professional activity, subproperty of start time, subproperty of floruit
3. number of points/goals/set scored, also known as GF, score for, points scored, number of points, goals scored (wd:P1351 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): goals / points scored in a match or an event used as qualifier to the participant. Use P1358 for league points.
4. has goal, also known as intention, mission, objective, objective of project or action, project of (wd:P3712 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): desired result or outcome
5. bases on balls, also known as career bases on balls, walks total, walks career total, walks, number of walks (wd:P9188 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): number of walks in a baseball career or game(s)
6. number of hits, also known as career hits, total number of hits, total hits, hits total, hits number (wd:P9184 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): number of hits earned in a baseball career or game(s)
7. total goals in career (wd:P6509 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): goalscoring statistic
8. official jobs URL, also known as jobs URL, official careers website, official careers URL, jobs website, careers website (wd:P10311 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): web page for jobs an employer offers, subproperty of URL
9. field of work, also known as scientific discipline, purpose, scientific area, responsible for, research on (wd:P101 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): specialization of a person or organization; see P106 for the occupation, subproperty of interested in
10. replaced by, also known as heir, superseded by, successor, succeeded by, next job holder (wd:P1366 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): other person or item which continues the item by replacing it in... nor identical, but adds to the series (e.g. books in a series)., subproperty of followed by

[Assistant]
The property "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509) is the most relevant property for career goals, but it seems not to be populated for Pelé.

I will now try to find other famous soccer players with this property populated to see if I can get any data for comparison.

I will query for soccer players with the property "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509) and order by the number of goals to find the player with the most goals.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
There are no soccer players with the property "total goals in career" (wdt:P6509) populated in Wikidata.

Given the data limitations, I will try to find the soccer player with the highest number of goals recorded in any way by checking the "number of goals" or similar properties used for players.

I will try to find the property "goals scored" (wdt:P1351) used directly for players and see if any players have this property.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The property "number of goals scored" (wdt:P1351) is not directly used for soccer players either.

Given the lack of direct data on total career goals for soccer players in Wikidata, it seems that the knowledge graph does not have a straightforward way to answer this question with a single query.

I will now attempt to find the soccer player with the highest number of goals by looking for players with the highest number of goals in their national team or club career, which might be recorded separately.

I will query for soccer players with the highest number of goals scored for their national team (property wdt:P1344 "number of goals scored for national team" or similar). I will first check if such a property exists.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. number of points/goals/set scored, also known as GF, score for, points scored, number of points, goals scored (wd:P1351 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): goals / points scored in a match or an event used as qualifier to the participant. Use P1358 for league points.
2. points/goal scored by, also known as points scored by, scorer, scored by, goal scored by (wd:P1363 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): person who scored a point or goal in a game
3. top scorer, also known as top scorer(s), top goal scorer(s) (wd:P12475 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): best scorer of a single season of a team sport's competition or the best ever scorer of the history of a competition
4. number of points/goals conceded, also known as GA, goals against (wd:P1359 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): points conceded or goals against (use in league table items)
5. total goals in career (wd:P6509 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): goalscoring statistic
6. has goal, also known as intention, mission, objective, objective of project or action, project of (wd:P3712 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): desired result or outcome
7. national team appearances, also known as national team caps (wd:P1129 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): total number of games officially played by a sportsman for national team
8. instrumentation, also known as medium of performance, orchestrated for, orchestration, scored for, scoring (wd:P870 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): combination of musical instruments employed in a composition or accompanying a (folk) dance
9. National Football Teams.com match ID, also known as NFT match ID (wd:P8319 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): identifier for an association football (soccer) match in the National Football Teams.com database
10. Soccerway team ID (wd:P6131 as psn/wdt/ps/prn/pr/wdtn/pq/pqv/p/prv/psv/pqn): team ID on the Soccerway website

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for "number of goals scored for national team" but there is a property "national team appearances" (wdt:P1129) which counts games played, not goals.

Given the lack of direct properties for total career goals or goals for national team, I will try to find the top scorer in association football by looking for the "top scorer" property (wdt:P12475) which might indicate the best scorer in a competition or history.

I will query for soccer players who are top scorers and see if there is a way to identify the player with the most goals.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There are no soccer players with the property "top scorer" (wdt:P12475) populated either.

Given the limitations and lack of structured data for total career goals in Wikidata, it is not possible to directly answer the question "Who is the soccer player with the most goals in their career?" with a single SPARQL query on Wikidata.

I will now provide a summary and explanation of the issue.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?population WHERE {
  wd:Q25444 wdt:P1082 ?population .
}

The birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo is Funchal, which has a population of 105,795 inhabitants.

How many inhabitants does the birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo have?

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] How many inhabitants does the birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo have?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "How many inhabitants does the birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo have?", I will follow these steps:

1. Identify the entity for Cristiano Ronaldo in Wikidata.
2. Find the birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo.
3. Find the population (number of inhabitants) of that birthplace.

I will start by searching for the entity of Cristiano Ronaldo in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Cristiano Ronaldo, also known as Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro, Ronaldo, CR7 (wd:Q11571): Portuguese association football player (born 1985), association football player, instance of human
2. Madeira Cristiano-Ronaldo Airport, also known as Santa Catarina Airport, LPMA, Funchal Airport, FNC, Cristiano Ronaldo Airport (wd:Q639161): international airport serving Madeira, Portugal, instance of commercial traffic aerodrome, instance of international airport, instance of airport
3. Cristiano Ronaldo 7, also known as HSC J100058+014815 (wd:Q20172932): instance of emission-line galaxy, instance of Lyman-alpha emitter, galaxy
4. Mohamed Rezk, also known as Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro (lookalike), Rezk, MR7, Mohamed Rezk, Cristiano Ronaldo (lookalike) (wd:Q118125023): association football player, Egyptian footballer (2006), instance of human
5. Cristiano Ronaldo statue (wd:Q58425897): statue of the Portuguese association football player, instance of statue
6. Career of Cristiano Ronaldo (wd:Q126489109): Portuguese footballing career
7. Lentapedia / Cristiano Ronaldo (wd:Q17317184): instance of encyclopedia article, encyclopedia article
8. Cristiano Ronaldo Instagram account (wd:Q65676176): instance of Instagram accouant
9. Messi–Ronaldo rivalry, also known as Cristiano Ronaldo–Lionel Messi rivalry, Ronaldo–Messi rivalry (wd:Q18349307): football rivalry between Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo, instance of sport rivalry
10. Svævet, bjerget og Cristiano Ronaldo (wd:Q123915164): scientific article published on 18 January 2023, instance of scholarly article

[Assistant] The entity for Cristiano Ronaldo in Wikidata is wd:Q11571. Next, I will find the birthplace of Cristiano Ronaldo using this entity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| birthplace          | birthplaceLabel |
| ------------------- | --------------- |
| Funchal (wd:Q25444) | Funchal (en)    |

[Assistant] Cristiano Ronaldo's birthplace is Funchal (wd:Q25444). Now I will find the population (number of inhabitants) of Funchal.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| population           |
| -------------------- |
| 105795 (xsd:decimal) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
SELECT ?inception WHERE {
  wd:Q1545259 wdt:P571 ?inception .
}

The poem Howl was written in the year 1955.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata-sebastian with notes:
1. When direct properties are missing, chain related properties (e.g., child→child for grandchildren) or search for indirect connections to answer complex relationship queries.
2. For set/class queries (e.g., all cities, all holidays), use instance/subclass chains (P31/P279) for completeness and relevant filters. Be aware of data incompleteness and schema inconsistencies in Wikidata.
3. If queries return too many irrelevant or too few results, try varying properties (country, location, observed in, etc.) and subclass chains, but be ready to report data/model limitations if results remain incomplete or noisy.
4. When a direct property or class is missing or inconsistently used, try related or broader properties/classes (e.g., use inception for independence date, or musical work/composition for musicals) to increase recall.
5. For calculated properties (e.g., population density), combine relevant direct properties (e.g., population, area) in SPARQL queries, as Wikidata may not store the derived value directly.
6. When entity search returns multiple candidates, use context (description, instance type, location, etc.) to disambiguate and select the most relevant entity for the query.

No general notes for all knowledge graphs available

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
qlss: <https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/spatialSearch/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Search for the entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Execute intermediate queries to get feedback and to verify your assumptions. You may need to refine or rethink your current plan based on the query results and go back to step 2 if needed, possibly multiple times.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not just use or make up entity or property identifiers without verifying their existence in the knowledge graphs first.
3. Always execute your final SPARQL query before giving an answer to make sure it returns the expected results.
4. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
5. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
6. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
7. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
8. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] When was the poem Howl written?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "When was the poem Howl written?" I need to find the entity for the poem "Howl" and then find the property related to the date or year it was written or created.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Howl" that corresponds to the poem. I will look for entities with the label "Howl" and check if they are poems.

Step 2: Once I find the entity for the poem "Howl," I will look for properties related to the date or year it was written or created.

I will start with step 1 and search for the entity "Howl" in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Howl (wd:Q1545259): 1955 poem by Allen Ginsberg, part of the Beat Generation movement, instance of literary work
2. Howl (wd:Q1632040): 2010 film by Jeffrey Friedman, Rob Epstein, instance of film
3. howl, also known as howling, Howling, howling sound (wd:Q1755925)
4. Howl (wd:Q21198251): instance of film, 2015 film
5. Glitterhouse Records, also known as Stag-O-Lee, Plattenbau, Howl, Glitterhouse (wd:Q786296): German independent record label based in Beverungen, instance of record label
6. The Howl, also known as Howl, L'urlo (wd:Q3820113): 1968 film by Tinto Brass, instance of film
7. Howl (wd:Q10575): 2005 album by Black Rebel Motorcycle Club., instance of album
8. Howl (wd:Q131956046): 2025 film by Domini Marshall, instance of short film, instance of film
9. Howl (wd:Q5922189): instance of musical group, Norwegian band
10. Hunting Grounds, also known as Howl (wd:Q5944904): former six piece Australian punk band, instance of musical group

[Assistant]
I found the entity wd:Q1545259 which corresponds to "Howl," a 1955 poem by Allen Ginsberg, part of the Beat Generation movement, and an instance of a literary work. This seems to be the correct entity for the poem "Howl."

Next, I will look for properties related to the date or year it was written or created for this entity. I will check the properties of wd:Q1545259 to find the relevant date information.

[Tool]
Got 163 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                            | object                                                                                |
| ------------------ | ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | instance of (wdt:P31)               | literary work (wd:Q7725634)                                                                                |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | title (wdt:P1476)                   | Howl (en)                                                                                |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | publication date (p:P577)           | s:Q1545259-f6d708b7-40c8-6820-8133-928f36fdf708                                                             |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | author (wdt:P50)                    | Allen Ginsberg (wd:Q6711)                                                                                |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | language of work or name (wdt:P407) | English (wd:Q1860)                                                                                |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | image (wdt:P18)                     | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Howl%20and%20Other%20Poems%20%28first%20edition%29.jpg> |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | part of (wdt:P361)                  | Howl and Other Poems (wd:Q5922194)                                                                          |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | inception (wdt:P571)                | 1955-01-01T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime)                                                                         |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | described at URL (wdt:P973)         | <https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/49303/howl>                                                         |
| Howl (wd:Q1545259) | country of origin (p:P495)          | s:Q1545259-f22469eb-4f2b-2584-72b4-455efca32225                                                             |
| ...                | ...                                 | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The entity for the poem "Howl" (wd:Q1545259) has a property "inception" (wdt:P571) with the value "1955-01-01T00:00:00Z," which indicates the year 1955 as the inception or creation date of the poem.

I will now formulate the final SPARQL query to retrieve this inception date for the poem "Howl."

[Tool] Stopped generation process