PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?mainSubject ?mainSubjectLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q11419997 wdt:P921 ?mainSubject .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?mainSubject rdfs:label ?mainSubjectLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?mainSubjectLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" is a middle school student.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the main subject of the manga "your lie in april": primary school, middle school or high school student?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Which classes does the Millepede belong to?

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q11185669 wdt:P279 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
millipede (wd:Q11185669): common name of myriapods

Using properties:
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain

[Assistant]
The similar example found is about subclass relations but it does not directly help with the question about the main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" in terms of the school level of the main character.

Next, I will search for the entity "Your Lie in April" in Wikidata to identify the manga and then explore its main character or subject details.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q11419997): Japanese manga series
2. Your Lie in April (wd:Q26810037): 2016 film by Takehiko Shinjō
3. Your Lie in April (wd:Q123944284): your Lie in April stage musical
4. Your Lie in April, also known as Kimiuso, Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (wd:Q91333870): Japanese anime television series
5. Your Lie in April: A Six Person Etude, also known as Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso: 6-nin no Études (wd:Q91334211): Japanese light novel
6. Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q6544290): extended play by Dive
7. Your Lies in Check (wd:Q4023078): album by Cripple Bastards
8. Lier in Your Eyes (wd:Q29424453): X-Ray song
9. The Lies in Your Eyes (wd:Q5409466): single
10. [It lies in your hand!] (wd:Q87357297): scientific article published on 01 February 2014

[Assistant] The manga "Your Lie in April" is identified as wd:Q11419997 in Wikidata. Now, I will look for information about the main subject or main character of this manga, specifically focusing on the school level (primary school, middle school, or high school). I will search for properties related to the main character or subject of this manga.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. main subject, also known as primary topic, primary subject, primary keyword, plot keyword, of (wd:P921 as p/wdt): primary topic of a work (see also P180: depicts), depicts
2. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
3. author, also known as writer, written by, poet, playwright, maker (wd:P50 as p/wdt): main creator(s) of a written work (use on works, not humans); us...hor name string) when Wikidata item is unknown or does not exist, creator
4. title, also known as name, titled, page name, original title, known as (wd:P1476 as p/wdt): published name of a work, such as a newspaper article, a literary work, piece of music, a website, or a performance work, name
5. genre, also known as genre of music, type of music, type of film, music genre, literary genre (wd:P136 as p/wdt): creative work's genre or an artist's field of work (P101). Use main subject (P921) to relate creative works to their topic
6. language of work or name, also known as language of the reference, language of URL, language of website, language of work, named in language (wd:P407 as p/wdt): language associated with this creative work (such as books, show...guage" (P103) and "languages spoken, written or signed" (P1412))
7. MyAnimeList manga ID, also known as Manga ID MAL, MAL manga ID (wd:P4087 as p/wdt): identifier for a manga or novel on MyAnimeList
8. start time, also known as start date, since, valid, join time, joined (wd:P580 as p/wdt): time an entity begins to exist or a statement starts being valid, point in time
9. country of origin, also known as origin country, place of origin, originates from, country, CoO (wd:P495 as p/wdt): country of origin of this item (creative work, food, phrase, product, etc.), significant place, country
10. end time, also known as ends, stop time, endtime, fall date, ineffective (wd:P582 as p/wdt): moment when an entity ceases to exist and a statement stops being entirely valid or no longer be true, point in time

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "main subject" (wdt:P921) seems relevant to find the main subject or topic of the manga. I will now query the main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" using this property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| mainSubject                          | mainSubjectLabel           |
| ------------------------------------ | -------------------------- |
| middle school student (wd:Q16003532) | middle school student (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The system correctly identified the main subject of the manga "Your Lie in April" as a middle school student by querying the property 'main subject' (wdt:P921) for the entity representing the manga. The SPARQL query is well-formed and returns the expected result with the appropriate label. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?country ) AS ?countCountries ) WHERE {
  ?store wdt:P31 wd:Q50399787 .
  {
    ?store wdt:P17 ?country .
  } UNION {
    ?store wdt:P131 ?adminEntity .
    ?adminEntity wdt:P17 ?country .
  }
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| countCountries |
| -------------- |
| 6 (xsd:int)    |

After optimizing the query to consider all IKEA stores without limiting the number of stores, the count of distinct countries where IKEA has been established remains 6 according to the current data on Wikidata.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] In how many countries has IKEA been established?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
How many companies were founded by the founder of Facebook?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) AS ?c ) WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P112 wd:Q36215 .
  ?uri wdt:P31 / wdt:P279 * wd:Q783794 .
}

Using entities:
Mark Zuckerberg, also known as The Zuck, Zuck, Zuckerberg, Mark Elliott Zuckerberg, The Zucc (wd:Q36215): American Internet entrepreneur, chief executive officer, patron of the arts, computer scientist, philanthropist, entrepreneur, programmer
company, also known as co., firm (wd:Q783794): legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective

Using properties:
founded by, also known as starter, co-founded by, started by, institutor, instituted by (wd:P112 as wdt): founder or co-founder of this organization, religion, place or entity, creator
subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

Example 2:
Question:
Which countries have more than two official languages?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 wd:Q6256 .
  ?uri wdt:P37 ?language .
}
GROUP BY ?uri
HAVING ( COUNT( ?language ) > 2 )

Using entities:
country, also known as countries (wd:Q6256): distinct territorial body or political entity

Using properties:
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
official language, also known as language spoken, spoken in, speaking, language official (wd:P37 as wdt): language designated as official by this item, language used

Example 3:
Question:
What is the largest country in the world?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT * WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P31 wd:Q6256 .
  ?uri wdt:P2046 ?area .
  ?uri rdfs:label ?label
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?area )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
country, also known as countries (wd:Q6256): distinct territorial body or political entity

Using properties:
area, also known as total area, surface area, surface, size, resolution (wd:P2046 as wdt): area occupied by an object
instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that to count the number of countries where a company is established, I need to identify the entity for IKEA and find the property that relates IKEA to countries where it has establishments or locations. Then I can count the distinct countries.

Step 1: Search for the entity IKEA in Wikidata.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. IKEA, also known as Ikea, Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd (wd:Q54078): international furniture store chain
2. Ikea (wd:Q18587732): genus of insects
3. Ikea effect (wd:Q1653973): cognitive bias in which consumers place a disproportionately high value on products they partially created
4. Swedish meatballs, also known as IKEA meatballs, Köttbullar (wd:Q1501015): Swedish dish made from ground meat
5. Blåhaj, also known as BLÅHAJ, funny meme shark, IKEA shark, Klappar Haj, Smolhaj (wd:Q107133815): stuffed toy shark sold at IKEA
6. IKEA Catalogue (wd:Q2941621): catalogue published annually by the Swedish home furnishing retailer IKEA
7. IKEA pencil (wd:Q18350690): small pencils provided for free in IKEA stores worldwide
8. IKEA Museum (wd:Q25063953): museum in Älmhult, Sweden
9. IKEA Heights (wd:Q15995166): Comedy web series
10. IKEA Sendai (wd:Q17988690)

[Assistant] The entity for IKEA as an international furniture store chain is wd:Q54078. Next, I need to find the property that relates IKEA to countries where it has establishments or locations. I will search for properties of IKEA related to "country" or "location".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as p/wdt): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
2. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
3. typically sells, also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells (wd:P7163 as p/wdt): type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
4. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as p/wdt): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
5. used by, also known as armiger, user, played by, of (wd:P1535 as p/wdt): item or concept that makes use of the subject (use sub-properties when appropriate)
6. topic's main category, also known as article's main category, category, category for this topic, catmain, has category (wd:P910 as p/wdt): main Wikimedia category
7. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
8. industry, also known as branch, economic branch, field of action, field of exercise, sector (wd:P452 as p/wdt): specific industry of company or organization, part of
9. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as p/wdt): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
10. native label, also known as official title, original label, original language label, original language name, original language title (wd:P1705 as p/wdt): label for the items in their official language  or their original language, name

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "location of formation" (wdt:P740) indicates the location where the organization was formed, but it does not indicate all countries where IKEA has been established.

I will try searching for properties related to "country" or "location" more generally for IKEA.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official website, also known as site (official), home page, site official, URL, URL (official) (wd:P856 as p/wdt): URL of the official page of an item (current or former). Usage: ...but see the "Hijacked or dead websites" section of the Talk page, URL
2. location of formation, also known as place of incorporation, originates from, place of establishment, place of formation, place of foundation (wd:P740 as p/wdt): location where a group or organization was formed, location of creation
3. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
4. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as p/wdt): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
5. typically sells, also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells (wd:P7163 as p/wdt): type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
6. subreddit, also known as r/, reddit, Reddit community ID, Reddit forum, Reddit sub ID (wd:P3984 as p/wdt): name of the Reddit forum associated to this subject
7. sitemap URL, also known as sitemap xml, site map URL, sitemap (wd:P11212 as p/wdt): URL to the sitemap of the subject's official website, URL
8. logo image, also known as masthead, wordmark, trademark, trade mark, sign (wd:P154 as p/wdt): graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and products, icon
9. Commons gallery, also known as gallery (wd:P935 as p/wdt): name of the Wikimedia Commons gallery page(s) related to this item (is suitable to allow multiple links to more gallery pages)
10. YouTube channel ID, also known as YouTube account, YouTube channel, YouTube channel identifier, official YouTube channel, youtube.com/channel/ (wd:P2397 as p/wdt): ID of the YouTube channel of a person or organisation (not to be...f the channel) The ID can also be used for music.youtube.com IDs, website username or ID

No other items found

[Assistant] There is no direct property for IKEA that lists the countries where it has establishments. I will try to find the property that links IKEA to its stores or locations. Let's search for properties related to "store" or "location" in general.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. official shop URL, also known as online store, shop, shop URL, store, store URL (wd:P10225 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): official URL where the agent sells products/merchandise, official website
2. contains, also known as container of, contents, encloses, has contents, holds (wd:P4330 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): item or substance located within this item but not part of it
3. typically sells, also known as product, sells, sold products, usually sells (wd:P7163 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): type of goods particular type of shops typically sell
4. product or material produced, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, producer of (wd:P1056 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
5. product, material, or service produced or provided, also known as products, product or service provided, product, material, or service produced or provided, product, output (wd:P1056 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): material or product produced or sold by an organization, industry, facility, or process, material or product produced by an organization, industry, facility, or process, immediate cause of
6. full work available at URL, also known as full text available at, full text available at URL, full text url, online mirror, online version (wd:P953 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): URL of a web page containing the full body of this item, URL
7. units sold, also known as total sales, sales figures, sales, number of sales (wd:P2664 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): sales figures of an object, quantity
8. total revenue, also known as turnover, sales, revenue, income, gross revenue (wd:P2139 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): income gained by an organization during a given time frame. Not to be confused with fiscal revenue
9. catalog, also known as catalogue, registry, exhibition catalogue, cat. (wd:P972 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): catalog for the item, or, as a qualifier of P528 – catalog for which the 'catalog code' is valid, part of
10. has sorting, also known as order, sorting method, sorted by, ordering, by (wd:P8307 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): entries are sorted by this in the appendix, list or table

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for stores or locations of IKEA in the property search results either.

I will try a different approach: I will search for entities that are IKEA stores or locations and see if they have a property linking them to countries. Then I can count the distinct countries for those stores.

Let's search for entities with the keyword "IKEA store".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. IKEA store (wd:Q50399787): store operated by the IKEA company
2. IKEA Hangzhou Store (wd:Q22101403)
3. IKEA Kartal, also known as IKEA Kartal Store (wd:Q130014870): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
4. IKEA İzmir, also known as IKEA İzmir Store (wd:Q130009564): IKEA store in İzmir, Turkey
5. IKEA Bursa, also known as IKEA Bursa Store (wd:Q130014865): IKEA store in Bursa, Turkey
6. IKEA Bayrampaşa, also known as IKEA Bayrampaşa Store (wd:Q130014861): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
7. IKEA Ümraniye, also known as IKEA Ümraniye Store (wd:Q130013093): IKEA store in Istanbul, Turkey
8. IKEA Antalya, also known as IKEA Antalya Store (wd:Q130014874): IKEA store in Antalya, Turkey
9. IKEA Ankara, also known as IKEA Ankara Store (wd:Q130014867): IKEA store in Ankara, Turkey
10. IKEA, also known as Ikea, Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd (wd:Q54078): international furniture store chain

[Assistant] There is an entity for "IKEA store" (wd:Q50399787) which is a store operated by IKEA. I will check the properties of this entity to see if there is a property linking it to a country or location.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. operator, also known as offered by, operated by, provided by, run by, service operator (wd:P137 as p/wdt): person, profession, organization or entity that operates the equipment, facility, or service, used by
2. subclass of, also known as rdfs:subClassOf, sort of, subcategory of, subgenre of, subtype of (wd:P279 as p/wdt): this item is a subclass (subset) of that item; ALL instances of ...stance of volcanic landform); Everest is an instance of mountain
3. Commons category, also known as category on Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons category, Wikimedia Commons cat, Commons cat, commonscat (wd:P373 as p/wdt): name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category:")

No other items found

[Assistant]
The entity "IKEA store" (wd:Q50399787) has the property "operator" (wdt:P137) which can link it to IKEA as the operator. However, there is no direct property linking the store to a country.

I will check if the individual IKEA store entities (like IKEA Hangzhou Store) have a property linking them to a country or location. I will check the properties of "IKEA Hangzhou Store" (wd:Q22101403).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. country, also known as sovereign state, state, land, host country (wd:P17 as p/wdt): sovereign state that this item is in (not to be used for human beings), located in the administrative territorial entity
2. located in the administrative territorial entity, also known as is in the settlement of, is in the voivodeship of, is in the shire of, is in the state of, is in the territory of (wd:P131 as p/wdt): the item is located on the territory of the following administra...if the item falls only partially into the administrative entity., location, part of
3. instance of, also known as unitary element of class, has type, unique individual of, type, item of type (wd:P31 as p/wdt): that class of which this subject is a particular example and mem...is a subclass of mountain (and an instance of volcanic landform)
4. Google Knowledge Graph ID, also known as MREID, Google Knowledge Panel ID, Google knowledge panel, kgmid (wd:P2671 as wdtn/wdt/p): identifier for Google Knowledge Graph API, starting with "/g/". For IDs starting with "/m/", use Freebase ID (P646)
5. Commons category, also known as category on Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons category, Wikimedia Commons cat, Commons cat, commonscat (wd:P373 as p/wdt): name of the Wikimedia Commons category containing files related to this item (without the prefix "Category:")

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "country" (wdt:P17) links the IKEA store entity to the country it is located in. This is exactly what we need.

Now, I will write a SPARQL query to count the distinct countries where IKEA stores (instances of wd:Q50399787) are located. The query will find all instances of IKEA stores and count the distinct countries (wdt:P17) they are in.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| countCountries |
| -------------- |
| 6 (xsd:int)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly counts the distinct countries where IKEA stores are located, which is a good approach to answer the question. However, the query uses the property wdt:P17 (country) on the store items, which might not always be accurate if the store items do not have this property set or if the data is incomplete. It might be more reliable to check for the country of the store's location or the country of the administrative territorial entity where the store is located. Also, the query assumes that all stores are instances of Q50399787 (IKEA store), which is correct but should be verified for completeness. Overall, the answer is plausible but could be improved by verifying the data completeness and possibly expanding the query to include indirect location information. The answer "IKEA has been established in 6 countries" is consistent with the query result, so the output is sensible but could be refined for robustness.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve the robustness of the query, I will expand it to also consider the country of the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) where the store is located, in case the direct country property (wdt:P17) is missing. This way, we cover both direct and indirect location information for the stores.

I will write a refined query that:
- Finds instances of IKEA stores,
- Retrieves the country directly linked to the store (wdt:P17),
- Or retrieves the country of the administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131) of the store,
- Counts the distinct countries from both sources.

I will now construct and execute this refined query.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Operation timed out. Last operation: Sort (internal order) on ?store ?country

[Assistant]
The refined query timed out due to complexity. I will simplify the query by using UNION to combine direct country and country via administrative entity, which might be more efficient.

I will try this simplified approach now.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Operation timed out. Last operation: Join on ?store

[Assistant]
The query still times out, likely due to the large number of IKEA store instances and the joins involved.

As an alternative, I will try to find distinct countries of IKEA stores by first retrieving the countries of administrative entities of stores, then union with direct countries, and limit the number of stores processed to avoid timeout. This is a trade-off to get a partial but more efficient result.

I will try limiting to 100 stores first.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| countCountries |
| -------------- |
| 6 (xsd:int)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The query correctly counts distinct countries where IKEA stores are located, considering both direct country (wdt:P17) and country via administrative territorial entity (wdt:P131). However, the query limits the stores to 100, which may lead to an incomplete count if there are more than 100 stores in Wikidata. To improve accuracy, the LIMIT 100 should be removed or increased significantly to cover all IKEA stores. Additionally, the query could be optimized by directly querying all IKEA stores without the subquery and limit, ensuring a complete count of distinct countries. The answer is reasonable given the current query, but the limitation affects completeness.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve accuracy and completeness, I will remove the LIMIT 100 and directly query all IKEA stores to count distinct countries considering both direct country and country via administrative territorial entity. This will ensure the count covers all IKEA stores in Wikidata.

I will now execute the optimized query without the limit.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| countCountries |
| -------------- |
| 6 (xsd:int)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?place ?placeLabel WHERE {
  wd:Q1048 wdt:P20 ?place .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?place rdfs:label ?placeLabel FILTER ( LANG( ?placeLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Julius Caesar was murdered at the Theatre of Pompey, which is recorded as his place of death.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where was Caesar murdered?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who killed Caesar?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?o1 WHERE {
  wd:Q1048 wdt:P157 ?o1 .
}

Using entities:
Julius Caesar, also known as Divine Julius (wd:Q1048): Roman general and dictator (100 – 44 BC), ancient Roman military personnel, Ancient Roman politician, Ancient Roman historian, Ancient Roman priest, military leader, politician, historian, memoirist, writer, orator, ruler, poet

Using properties:
killed by, also known as slaughtered by, slain by, shot dead by, murderer, murdered by (wd:P157 as wdt): person or organization who killed the subject, significant person

Example 2:
Question:
Where was JFK assassinated?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q9696 wdt:P20 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
John F. Kennedy, also known as John Kennedy, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, John F Kennedy, Kennedy, President Kennedy (wd:Q9696): President of the United States from 1961 to 1963, anti-communist, naval officer, statesperson, journalist, politician, writer

Using properties:
place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location

Example 3:
Question:
When was the death of Shakespeare?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  wd:Q692 wdt:P570 ?uri .
}

Using entities:
William Shakespeare, also known as Bard of Avon, The Bard of Avon, The Bard, Swan of Avon (wd:Q692): English playwright and poet (1564–1616), playwright

Using properties:
date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time

[Assistant]
From the examples, we see that the entity for Julius Caesar is wd:Q1048. The property for place of death or location of death is wdt:P20. Since the question is about where Caesar was murdered, the place of death property might be the right one to use.

I will now write a SPARQL query to get the place where Julius Caesar was murdered using the place of death property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| place                          | placeLabel             |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| Theatre of Pompey (wd:Q944814) | Theatre of Pompey (en) |

[Assistant] Julius Caesar was murdered at the Theatre of Pompey. I will now provide the final answer with the SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query uses the property wdt:P20 (place of death) to find where Julius Caesar died, but this property does not specifically indicate the place where he was murdered. The question asks specifically for the location where Caesar was murdered, which is a different event than just the place of death. The property wdt:P20 might give the place of death but not necessarily the murder location if different. To answer the question accurately, the query should look for a property or statement that explicitly indicates the place of Caesar's murder or assassination. For example, it could look for an event of type assassination involving Julius Caesar and then find the location of that event. Alternatively, if there is a property or qualifier indicating the place of murder, that should be used. Therefore, the current query is incorrect for the question asked and needs to be reworked to find the correct property or approach to get the murder location.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are right that the place of death (wdt:P20) does not necessarily specify the place of murder. We need to find a property or approach that explicitly indicates the place of Julius Caesar's murder or assassination.

I will now search for properties related to "murder" or "assassination" for Julius Caesar (wd:Q1048) to find a more accurate property that can lead us to the location of his murder.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. killed by, also known as slaughtered by, slain by, shot dead by, murderer, murdered by (wd:P157 as p/wdt): person or organization who killed the subject, significant person
2. cause of death, also known as death cause, murder method, method of murder, die of, die from (wd:P509 as p/wdt): underlying or immediate cause of death.  Underlying cause (e.g. ...adest category, e.g. natural causes, accident, homicide, suicide
3. date of death, also known as DOD, deathdate, died, died on, year of death (wd:P570 as p/wdt): dissolved, abolished or demolished date, date on which the subject died, end time
4. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as p/wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. manner of death, also known as type of death, nature of death, death manner, death type, circumstance of death (wd:P1196 as p/wdt): general circumstances of a person's death; e.g. natural causes, ...ysiological mechanism, e.g. heart attack, trauma, pneumonia etc.
6. enemy, also known as opponent, rival, archvillain, archrival, archnemesis (wd:P7047 as p/wdt): opponent character or group of this fictive character or group, significant person
7. religion or worldview, also known as believes, worldview, religious affiliation, religion or world view, religion (wd:P140 as p/wdt): religion of a person, organization or religious building, or associated with this subject
8. relative, also known as relatives, grandparent, relation, non-binary parent, niece (wd:P1038 as p): family member (qualify with "kinship to subject", P1039; for direct family member please use specific property), significant person
9. family, also known as royal house, noble family, member of family, house, dynasty (wd:P53 as p/wdt): family, including dynasty and nobility houses. Not family name (use P734 for family name)., member of
10. last words, also known as final words (wd:P3909 as p/wdt): last words attributed to a person before their death

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "killed by" (wdt:P157) indicates the person or organization who killed the subject, but it does not indicate the place of murder. The property "cause of death" (wdt:P509) indicates the method or cause of death but not the place. The property "place of death" (wdt:P20) was already checked but is not specific to murder location.

Since there is no direct property for the place of murder, I will try a different approach: I will look for events related to Julius Caesar's assassination and then find the location of that event.

I will search for events related to Julius Caesar with keywords like "assassination" or "murder."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. assassination, also known as political killing (wd:Q3882219): willful killing of a prominent person, often a political leader or ruler
2. assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, also known as assassination of Franz Ferdinand, Sarajevo assassination, murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (wd:Q192050): 1914 murder of the Archduke of Austria-Este
3. assassination of John F. Kennedy, also known as murder of John F. Kennedy, killing of John F. Kennedy, Kennedy assassination, John F. Kennedy's murder, John F. Kennedy's killing (wd:Q193484): 1963 murder of the 35th U.S. President
4. assassination of Abraham Lincoln, also known as murder of Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln assassination, killing of Abraham Lincoln, Death of Abraham Lincoln, Assassination of Lincoln (wd:Q1025404): 1865 murder of the 16th President of the United States
5. assassination of Robert F. Kennedy, also known as Robert F. Kennedy's murder, Robert F. Kennedy's killing, Robert F. Kennedy's assassination, Robert F. Kennedy murder, Robert F. Kennedy killing (wd:Q1187550): 1968 murder in Los Angeles, California, US
6. assassination of Mahatma Gandhi, also known as Mahatma Gandhi's killing, murder of Mahatma Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi's murder, Mahatma Gandhi's assassination, Mahatma Gandhi murder (wd:Q3350154): 1948 assassination
7. assassination of James A. Garfield, also known as Death of James A. Garfield, Assassination of James Abram Garfield, murder of James A. Garfield, killing of James A. Garfield, James A. Garfield's murder (wd:Q2866972): 1881 murder of the 20th President of the United States
8. assassination of William McKinley, also known as Assassination of McKinley, William McKinley's murder, William McKinley's killing, William McKinley's assassination, William McKinley murder (wd:Q2866985): 1901 assassination in Buffalo, New York, US
9. Letelier assassination, also known as assassination of Orlando Letelier (wd:Q2866961): 21 September 1976 car bombing in Washington, D.C
10. assassination of Rasputin, also known as killing of Rasputin, Rasputin's murder, Rasputin's killing, Rasputin's assassination, Rasputin killing (wd:Q2882749)

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant]
There is an entity for "assassination" (wd:Q3882219) which is a general concept. I will now check if Julius Caesar (wd:Q1048) is linked to any assassination event or if there is a specific assassination event entity related to him.

I will query for events or incidents related to Julius Caesar involving assassination or murder.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There is no direct assassination event instance linked to Julius Caesar as a participant in the data. I will try a different approach: I will check if there is a statement about the murder location or assassination location as a qualifier or property related to Julius Caesar's death or murder.

I will search for properties related to "location" or "place" for Julius Caesar to see if there is a more specific property indicating the place of murder.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. residence, also known as living in, place of residence, resided at, resided in, resident in (wd:P551 as p/wdt): the place where the person is or has been, resident, location
2. country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as p/wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country
3. image, also known as still capture, still, screenshot, screen capture, portrait (wd:P18 as p/wdt): image of relevant illustration of the subject; if available, als...tor map, flag image, signature image, logo image, collage image)
4. place of birth, also known as POB, location of birth, location born, born in, birthplace (wd:P19 as p/wdt): most specific known birth location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
5. member of, also known as band member of, membership, member of musical group, in musical group, be member of (wd:P463 as p/wdt): organization, club or musical group to which the subject belongs...ical position, such as a member of parliament (use P39 for that), part of
6. occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as p/wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
7. Commons gallery, also known as gallery (wd:P935 as p/wdt): name of the Wikimedia Commons gallery page(s) related to this item (is suitable to allow multiple links to more gallery pages)
8. place of death, also known as POD, location of death, killed in, deathplace, died in (wd:P20 as p/wdt): most specific known (e.g. city instead of country, or hospital i... city) death location of a person, animal or fictional character, location
9. award received, also known as win, winner of, recognition title, received award, prize received (wd:P166 as p/wdt): award or recognition received by a person, organization or creative work
10. place of burial, also known as interment, interment location, interment place, interred at, location of burial (wd:P119 as p/wdt): location of grave, resting place, place of ash-scattering, etc. ...veral places: e.g., re-burials, parts of body buried separately., location

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no specific property related to the location of murder or assassination for Julius Caesar. The closest relevant properties are place of death (wdt:P20) and place of burial (wdt:P119), but these do not specifically indicate the murder location.

Given this, the best approach is to rely on the place of death property (wdt:P20) which is commonly used to indicate the location where a person died, and in the case of Julius Caesar, it is historically known that he was murdered at the place of his death.

I will finalize the answer with the place of death as the location where Julius Caesar was murdered, which is the Theatre of Pompey.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the place of death (wdt:P20) for Julius Caesar (wd:Q1048), which is the Theatre of Pompey. This matches the known historical fact that Caesar was murdered there. The query includes an optional label retrieval for readability. The answer is accurate and complete for the user's question.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/>
SELECT ( YEAR( ?date ) AS ?year ) WHERE {
  wd:Q23001951 wdt:P580 ?date .
}

Riverdale was first aired in the year 2017.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What year was Riverdale first aired?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool] No examples found

[Assistant] There are no similar example questions available. Next, I will search for the entity "Riverdale" in Wikidata to identify the correct item for the TV show Riverdale.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Riverdale (wd:Q23001951): American teen drama television series (2017–2023)
2. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, Georgia, Riverdale, GA (wd:Q3260888): city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States siiii
3. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, GA, Riverdale, Georgia (wd:Q3260888): city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States siiii
4. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, IA, Riverdale, Iowa (wd:Q1925935): city in Scott County, Iowa, United States
5. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, UT, Riverdale, Utah (wd:Q129941): city in Weber County, Utah, United States
6. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, New Jersey, Riverdale, NJ (wd:Q1083010): borough in Morris County, New Jersey, United States
7. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, IL (wd:Q2668893): village in Cook County, Illinois, United States
8. Riverdale Park, also known as Riverdale, Riverdale, Maryland, Riverdale Park, Maryland, Riverdale Park, MD (wd:Q754948): town in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States
9. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, NE, Riverdale, Nebraska (wd:Q2516346): village in Nebraska
10. Riverdale, also known as Riverdale, ND, Riverdale, North Dakota (wd:Q2373536): human settlement in McLean County, North Dakota, United States of America

[Assistant] The entity "Riverdale" as an American teen drama television series is identified as wd:Q23001951. Next, I will search for the property related to the first air date or premiere date of a TV show.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. location of first performance, also known as premiere, premiered at, premiere held at, premiere location, world premiere (wd:P4647 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted, significant place
2. original broadcaster, also known as TV channel, television channel, radio station, radio network, original network (wd:P449 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): network(s) or service(s) that originally broadcast a radio or television program, broadcast by
3. first appearance, also known as debut, present initially in, introduced in work, initial appearance, first film (wd:P4584 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): work in which a fictional/mythical character or entity first appeared, present in work
4. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
5. introduced in, also known as added in, introduced by, first published in, first appeared in (wd:P10695 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): work that introduced this concept
6. part of the series, also known as series, video game series, subseries, part of series, listed in (wd:P179 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): series which contains the subject, part of
7. debut participant, also known as debut country, first-time participant, first appearance for (wd:P2318 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): participant for whom this is their debut appearance in a series of events
8. broadcast by, also known as streamed by, TV station, TV network, TV channel, radio station (wd:P3301 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): channel, network, website or service that broadcast this item over radio, television or the Internet
9. first performance by, also known as first performed by, premiered by, world premiere by, world premiere performed by, world premier performance by (wd:P11849 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): performer or performing group for the first performance of a work
10. date of first performance, also known as time of first performance, world premiere date, world premiere, premiere date, premiere (wd:P1191 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted, publication date

[Assistant] The property "date of first performance" (wdt:P1191) seems to be the most relevant for the first aired date of a TV show. I will now write a SPARQL query to get the year when Riverdale (wd:Q23001951) was first aired using this property.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The property "date of first performance" (wdt:P1191) did not return any results for Riverdale. I will try another property "publication date" (wdt:P577) which is commonly used for the release or first airing date of media works.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The property "publication date" (wdt:P577) also did not return any results for Riverdale. I will try the property "original broadcaster" (wdt:P449) to check if the show has an original broadcaster listed, and then I can explore the broadcaster's airing date for the show.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| broadcaster             |
| ----------------------- |
| Warner TV (wd:Q1857255) |
| The CW (wd:Q212252)     |

[Assistant] Riverdale has two original broadcasters listed: Warner TV (wd:Q1857255) and The CW (wd:Q212252). I will now search for the property "premiere date" or "first aired" again to see if there is a more specific property for TV shows' first air date.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. date of first performance, also known as time of first performance, world premiere date, world premiere, premiere date, premiere (wd:P1191 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date a work was first debuted, performed or live-broadcasted, publication date
2. debut date (wd:P10673 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date when a person or group is considered to have "debuted"
3. publication date, also known as launched, published, publication time, publication, pubdate (wd:P577 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date or point in time when a work was first published or released, point in time
4. date of commercialization, also known as availability date, commercialization date, product release date, release date (wd:P5204 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date when a product was first commercialized
5. location of first performance, also known as premiere, premiered at, premiere held at, premiere location, world premiere (wd:P4647 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): location where a work was first debuted, performed or broadcasted, significant place
6. service entry, also known as commissioned, time of service entry, service introduction, launch date, in service (wd:P729 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date or point in time on which a piece or class of equipment entered operational service, start time
7. date of official opening, also known as launch date, launched, officially opened on, official opening, official opening time (wd:P1619 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date or point in time a place, organization, or event officially opened, start time, inception
8. inception, also known as initial release date, founded in, founded on, founded on date, founding date (wd:P571 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): time when an entity begins to exist; for date of official opening use P1619, start time
9. UTC date of spacecraft launch, also known as time of spacecraft launch, spacecraft launch time, spacecraft launch date, launch time, launch date (wd:P619 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): date of spacecraft launch in UTC
10. original broadcaster, also known as TV channel, television channel, radio station, radio network, original network (wd:P449 as ps/wdt/prn/wdtn/p/psv/pr/prv/pq/pqn/psn/pqv): network(s) or service(s) that originally broadcast a radio or television program, broadcast by

[Assistant] The property "inception" (wdt:P571) is often used for the initial release or start date of an entity and might be used for the first air date of a TV show. I will try to query the inception date for Riverdale.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The property "inception" (wdt:P571) did not return any results for Riverdale either. I will try the property "start time" (wdt:P580) which is used for the start date of events and might be applicable for the first air date of a TV show.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| date                                |
| ----------------------------------- |
| 2017-01-26T00:00:00Z (xsd:dateTime) |

[Assistant] The property "start time" (wdt:P580) returned the date 2017-01-26 for Riverdale, which is likely the first air date. I will now extract the year from this date and provide the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the year when the TV series Riverdale first aired by using the property P580 (start time) on the entity Riverdale (Q23001951). The query returns the year 2017, which matches the answer provided. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and extracting the year within SPARQL. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?label WHERE {
  wd:Q100387742 rdfs:label ?label .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = "en" )
}
LIMIT 1

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label        |
| ------------ |
| Empress (en) |

The female form of an emperor in English is called an 'empress'.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
wikidata at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/wikidata

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
cc: <http://creativecommons.org/ns#
data: <https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityData/
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geof: <http://www.opengis.net/def/function/geosparql/
imdb: <https://www.imdb.com/
math: <http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/math#
ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
p: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/
pq: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/
pqn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value-normalized/
pqv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/qualifier/value/
pr: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/
prn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value-normalized/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
prv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/reference/value/
ps: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/
psn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value-normalized/
psv: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/statement/value/
qfn: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/function#
ql: <http://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/builtin-functions/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
ref: <http://www.wikidata.org/reference/
s: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/statement/
schema: <http://schema.org/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
v: <http://www.wikidata.org/value/
wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/
wdno: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/novalue/
wdt: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct/
wdtn: <http://www.wikidata.org/prop/direct-normalized/
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What do you call a female form of an emperor in English?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Give me all female German chancellors.

SPARQL:
SELECT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P21 wd:Q6581072 .
  ?uri wdt:P39 wd:Q4970706 .
}

Using entities:
Federal Chancellor of Germany, also known as German Federal Chancellor, prime minister of Germany, German Chancellor, Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Chancellor (wd:Q4970706): head of government of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present)
female, also known as female human, women, woman, lady, human female (wd:Q6581072): to be used in "sex or gender" (P21) to indicate that the human s...nder" (P10339) to indicate that a word refers to a female person

Using properties:
sex or gender, also known as gender or sex, sex, gender identity, gender expression, gender (wd:P21 as wdt): sex or gender identity of human or animal. For human: male, fema...m, female organism. Groups of same gender use subclass of (P279)
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office

Example 2:
Question:
How many emperors did China have?

SPARQL:
SELECT ( COUNT( DISTINCT ?uri ) as ?count ) WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P39 wd:Q268218
}

Using entities:
Emperor of China, also known as Huang-ti, Huang Ti, Son of Heaven, thearch, Ti (wd:Q268218): sovereign of Imperial China

Using properties:
position held, also known as function, held position, holds position, job, office held (wd:P39 as wdt): subject currently or formerly holds the object position or public office

Example 3:
Question:
Which monarchs were married to a German?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?uri WHERE {
  ?uri wdt:P106 wd:Q116 ; wdt:P26 ?spouse .
  ?spouse wdt:P27 wd:Q183 .
}

Using entities:
monarch, also known as emperor, empress regnant, king, queen regnant (wd:Q116): person at the head of a monarchy
Germany, also known as BR Deutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany (wd:Q183): country in Central Europe

Using properties:
occupation, also known as job, work, vocation, profession, employment (wd:P106 as wdt): occupation of a person; see also "field of work" (Property:P101), "position held" (Property:P39)
spouse, also known as married partner, married to, marry, partner, spouses (wd:P26 as wdt): the subject has the object as their spouse (husband, wife, partn...etc.). Use "unmarried partner" (P451) for non-married companions, significant person, relative
country of citizenship, also known as subject of (country), nation of citizenship, national of, nationality, nation (wd:P27 as wdt): the object is a country that recognizes the subject as its citizen, country

[Assistant] The question is about the female form of an emperor in English. From general knowledge, the female equivalent of an emperor is often called an "empress." To verify this, I will search for the entity "emperor" and check if there is a related entity or property that indicates the female form or equivalent.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. emperor, also known as empress, imperator (wd:Q39018): type of monarch
2. monarch, also known as emperor, empress regnant, king, queen regnant (wd:Q116): person at the head of a monarchy
3. Emperor dragonfly, also known as Anax imperator, Blue Emperor, Emperor, Emperor Dragonfly (wd:Q527496): species of insect
4. Emperor of China, also known as Huang-ti, Huang Ti, Son of Heaven, thearch, Ti (wd:Q268218): sovereign of Imperial China
5. Emperor, also known as W. Kaiser (wd:Q264029): Norwegian black metal band
6. Emperor, also known as '' Emperor '' (wd:Q3724802): 2012 film by Peter Webber
7. Emperor (wd:Q1528170): Extended Play recording
8. Da Emperor, also known as Fasasi Mobolaji Gaius, Mobolaji Fasasi, The Emperor, Emperor, Etiemelo Empire Entertainment (wd:Q23771229): Nigerian Individuals rapper, actor and songwriter. He has family...ts in Ogun State. Da Emperor Raps in Yoruba, Pidgin and English., songwriter, rapper, actor
9. Shields Green, also known as Emperor (wd:Q7496187): man enslaved in United States, abolitionist, waiter
10. Emperor (wd:Q5373865): book series by Conn Iggulden

[Assistant] The entity "emperor" (wd:Q39018) is a type of monarch and is also known as empress and imperator. This suggests that "empress" is indeed the female form of an emperor. To confirm, I will check if there is a property or statement that explicitly states the female form or equivalent of an emperor.

[Tool]
Got 815 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject             | property                                       | object                                                                   |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | instance of (wdt:P31)                          | profession (wd:Q28640)                                                   |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | Commons category (wdt:P373)                    | Emperors                                                                 |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | image (wdt:P18)                                | <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Statue-Augustus.jpg> |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | subclass of (wdt:P279)                         | monarch (wd:Q116)                                                        |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | described by source (wdt:P1343)                | Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition (wd:Q867541)                        |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | on focus list of Wikimedia project (wdt:P5008) | wd:Q6173448                                                              |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | applies to jurisdiction (wdt:P1001)            | _:bn1493328                                                              |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | different from (wdt:P1889)                     | king (wd:Q12097)                                                         |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | topic's main category (wdt:P910)               | wd:Q7216624                                                              |
| emperor (wd:Q39018) | said to be the same as (wdt:P460)              | King of Kings (wd:Q938153)                                               |
| ...                 | ...                                            | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] There is no direct property stating the female form of an emperor in the first 10 triples. I will now search for the entity "empress" to see if it is related to "emperor" and if it is described as the female form.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. emperor, also known as empress, imperator (wd:Q39018): type of monarch
2. Apaturopsis, also known as Empress (wd:Q773377): genus of insects
3. Canadian Pacific Air Lines, also known as CP, CPC, EMPRESS (wd:Q986941): former Canadian airline, acquired by Canadian Airlines
4. Empress, also known as Empress, AB, Empress, Alberta (wd:Q3396172): village of Alberta, Canada
5. chancellor, also known as rook–knight compound, wolf, rook-knight compound, marshall, marshal (wd:Q646324): fairy chess piece that can move like a rook or a knight
6. empress (wd:Q100387742): imperial title held by a female monarch or consort
7. Empress, also known as EmpressEvolution, Empress Evolution, C000005 (wd:Q116985828): video game cracker, cracker, hacker
8. Empress (wd:Q5374452): novel
9. empress regnant, also known as Empress, Empress Regnant, Maharani (wd:Q15264045): female monarch of Imperial Rank who rules an Empire in her own right
10. HMS Empress, also known as Empress, Empress seaplane carrier (wd:Q4354594): 1914 seaplane carrier

[Assistant] The entity "empress" (wd:Q100387742) is described as an imperial title held by a female monarch or consort. There is also "empress regnant" (wd:Q15264045) which is a female monarch of imperial rank who rules an empire in her own right. This confirms that "empress" is the female form of an emperor. I will now construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the English label of the female form of an emperor.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The previous query did not return results because the approach was incorrect. Instead, I will directly return the label of the entity "empress" (wd:Q100387742) which is the female form of an emperor.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The system correctly identified the female form of an emperor as 'empress'. The SPARQL query retrieves the English label for the Wikidata item representing 'empress', which is appropriate and directly answers the question. The answer is clear, accurate, and complete. No further refinement is needed.