PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?instrument WHERE {
  fb:m.04n32 fb:music.group_member.instruments_played ?instrument .
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| instrument           |
| -------------------- |
| Cornet (fb:m.020w2)  |
| Trumpet (fb:m.07gql) |

Louis Armstrong played the Cornet and the Trumpet.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what instruments did louis armstrong play?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what did mozart do to become famous?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.082db ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.082db fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, also known as Wolfang A. Mozart, Wolfgan Amadeus Mozart, Wolfgang A. Mozart, W.A. Mozart, Wolfgang Amadé (fb:m.082db): Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfg... of symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral music., Composer

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person

Example 2:
Question:
what time zone is it in california?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01n7q ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01n7q fb:location.location.time_zones ?x .
}

Using entities:
California, also known as CA, Calif, California, USA, Golden State (fb:m.01n7q): California is a state located on the West Coast of the United St...rnia, which was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850., US State

Using properties:
Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): Time Zone, Location

Example 3:
Question:
what is the language used in indonesia?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03ryn ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03ryn fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Indonesia, also known as Republic of Indonesia, The Republic of Indonesia (fb:m.03ryn): Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a sovereign ... early centuries CE, and Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished., Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): Human Language, Country

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the structure of the SPARQL query involves identifying the entity (in this case, Louis Armstrong) and the property (the instrument he played). Let's first search for Louis Armstrong in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Louis Armstrong, also known as Louis Armostrong, Louis Armstrong and His All-Stars, Louis Armstrong: Satchmo, Louis Armstrong's Hot Seven, Louis Arnstrong (fb:m.04n32): Louis Armstrong, nicknamed Satchmo or Pops, was an American jazz... to his music in an America that was extremely racially divided., Musical Artist
2. Louis Armstrong, also known as Wild Man Blues, When It's Sleepy Time Down South, That's My Home, Swing, You Cats, Rockin' Chair (fb:m.037hc89): Consumer product
3. Louis Armstrong, also known as Louis Armstrong (disc 2), Louis Armstrong (disc 3) (fb:m.01j1rdc): Consumer product
4. Louis Armstrong (fb:m.0350jw7): Musical Release
5. Louis Armstrong, also known as Swing, You Cats, That's My Home, Mahogany Hall Stomp, Rockin' Chair, It Takes Time (fb:m.01j1w50): I Hope Gabriel Likes My Music is a compilation album by  Louis Armstrong., Dear Old Southland is a 2000 compilation album by  Louis Armstrong., Louis Armstrong is a 1999 compilation album by  Louis Armstrong., When It's Sleepy Time Down South is an album by Louis Armstrong., Gut Bucket Blues is a compilation album by Louis Armstrong., Swing, You Cats is a compilation album by Louis Armstrong., That's My Home is a compilation album by  Louis Armstrong., Alexander's Ragtime Band is an album by Louis Armstrong., Mahogany Hall Stomp is an album by Louis Armstrong., Among My Souvenirs is an album by Louis Armstrong., Wild Man Blues is an album  by Louis Armstrong ., Rockin' Chair is an album by Louis Armstrong., It Takes Time is an album by Louis Armstrong., Harlem Stomp is an album by Louis Armstrong., Musical Album
6. Louis Armstrong (fb:m.0fz2vb1): Consumer product
7. Louis Armstrong (fb:m.0fyjng4): Consumer product
8. Louis Armstrong (fb:m.0sgznwv): Consumer product
9. Louis Armstrong (fb:m.023j71p): Consumer product
10. St Louis Blues, also known as Louis Armstrong, Saint Louis Blues, St Louis Blues, St. Louis Blues (fb:m.0psc39): Musical Recording

[Assistant] The top result for Louis Armstrong is the correct one (fb:m.04n32). Now, let's find out what property we should use to identify the instruments he played. We can search for properties related to "instrument" or "played" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Instruments Played (fb:music.group_member.instruments_played): Musical instrument, Musician
2. Musical Genres (fb:music.artist.genre): Musical Artist, Musical genre
3. Recordings (fb:music.artist.track): Musical Recording, Musical Artist
4. Recordings (fb:music.featured_artist.recordings): Musical Recording, Featured artist
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
6. Works Composed (fb:music.composer.compositions): Composition, Composer
7. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person
8. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): Country, Person
9. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
10. Image (fb:common.topic.image): Topic, Image

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Instruments Played" (fb:music.group_member.instruments_played) seems to be the most relevant for our query. However, it is associated with the type `Musician` and `Musical Instrument`. Since Louis Armstrong is a musical artist, we need to check if this property is directly applicable to him. If not, we might need to look for another property or explore the data further.

Let's try to list the triples where Louis Armstrong is the subject and see if we can find any relevant information about the instruments he played.

[Tool]
Got 12,035 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                      | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/daylife/topic/0guKbjRbDC8Ir                                   |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Louis Armstrong (ca)                                                     |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%44%48%4A%33_%23%31%45%33%2A%31%48%46%3A>  |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125fq69xg                                                           |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Musical Artist (fb:m.0kpv1m)                                             |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Louis Armstrong lahir di New Orl...penting daripada warna kulitnya. (id) |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Recordings (fb:music.artist.track)                                  | What A Wonderful World (fb:m.0fqj1qn)                                    |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.04n3d                                                               |
| Louis Armstrong (fb:m.04n32) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Armstrong Louis (en)                                                     |
| ...                          | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
From the list of triples, we can see that there is no direct mention of the instruments Louis Armstrong played. However, we know that he is a musical artist, and we can try to use the "Instruments Played" property to see if it provides us with the required information.

Let's construct a SPARQL query to find the instruments Louis Armstrong played using the "Instruments Played" property.

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?instrument WHERE {
  fb:m.04n32 fb:music.group_member.instruments_played ?instrument .
}
```

I will now execute this query to see if it returns the expected results.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| instrument           |
| -------------------- |
| Cornet (fb:m.020w2)  |
| Trumpet (fb:m.07gql) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has successfully returned the instruments that Louis Armstrong played: Cornet and Trumpet.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer to the user's question:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?instrument WHERE {
  fb:m.04n32 fb:music.group_member.instruments_played ?instrument .
}
```

Louis Armstrong played the Cornet and the Trumpet.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?event WHERE {
  fb:m.0ldd ?p ?event .
  ?event fb:time.event.start_date ?date .
  FILTER ( YEAR( ?date ) = 1971 )
}

The Freebase dataset does not contain information about Agatha Christie receiving an honor in 1971. Historical records indicate that she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 1971, but this information is not present in the Freebase dataset.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what honor did agatha christie receive in 1971?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what is phoebe halliwell's real name?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01ymly ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01ymly fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_episodes ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.tv_guest_role.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Phoebe Halliwell (fb:m.01ymly): Phoebe Halliwell is a fictional character from the television se...ng her destiny of defeating the forces of evil in San Francisco., TV Character

Using properties:
Appeared In TV Episodes (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_episodes): TV episode performance, TV Character
Actor (fb:tv.tv_guest_role.actor): TV episode performance, TV Actor

Example 2:
Question:
what is the best currency to take to egypt 2013?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02k54 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02k54 fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Egypt, also known as Arab Republic of Egypt (fb:m.02k54): Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinen...ater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta., Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): Currency, Country

Example 3:
Question:
who does christine gregoire represent?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03mfmb ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03mfmb fb:government.politician.government_positions_held ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title ?x .
}

Using entities:
Christine Gregoire (fb:m.03mfmb): Christine O'Grady Gregoire is an American politician who served ...lly Jewell was nominated for the position of Interior Secretary., Politician

Using properties:
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): Government Office or Title, Government Position Held
Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held): Government Position Held, Politician

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for Agatha Christie and the property for honors received. Let's start by searching for Agatha Christie in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Agatha Christie, also known as Dame Agatha Christie, Dame Agatha Christie, DBE, Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, DBE, Lady Mallowan (fb:m.0ldd): Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, DBE was an English crime nov...Records lists Christie as the best-selling novelist of all time., Author
2. Agatha Christie, also known as Агата Кристи (fb:m.09s3f7): Agatha Christie were a Russian Post-punk/gothic rock band led by...t. The song Ya budu tam then concluded Agata Kristi's existence., Musical Group
3. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0c5vjdp): Book Edition
4. Agatha Christie (fb:m.02rqcdq): The Agatha Christie series is a series of adventure games develo...ased on the works of the English mystery writer Agatha Christie.
5. Agatha Christie, also known as Young Agatha (fb:m.04hxk7g): Film character
6. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0902qkj): Book Edition
7. Agatha Christie (fb:m.068cf_7): Agatha Christie is a book written by Janet Morgan., Book
8. Agatha Christie (fb:m.068kp98): Agatha Christie is a book written by Peter Haining., Book
9. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0fbj83g): Musical Recording
10. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0d9ml_4): Book Edition

[Assistant] The first result is the correct Agatha Christie. Now let's search for properties related to honors or awards received.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Source of honor (fb:base.wineawards.wine_honor.source_of_honor): Organization, Wine Honor
2. Honoured by (fb:base.honouriam.honoured_person.honoured_by): Acclaimant of honor, Honoured Person
3. Honour bestowed (fb:base.honouriam.honoured_person.honour_bestowed): Honoured Person, Honour
4. Loyalty (fb:base.mtgbase.magic_card.loyalty): Machine readable string, Magic Card
5. Allegiance (fb:base.americancivilwar.ship.allegiance): Ship allegiance, Ship
6. Allegiance (fb:user.robert.military.military_person.allegiance): Military person, Military power
7. Noble person (fb:royalty.noble_title_tenure.noble_person): Noble title tenure, Noble person
8. Revered By (fb:user.kurt.default_domain.thoughtranker.revered_by): Thought Ranker
9. Hero Status (fb:user.juniorbonner.default_domain.hero.hero_status): Hero, Text
10. Noble title (fb:royalty.noble_title_tenure.noble_title): Noble title tenure, Noble title

[Assistant] The third result, "Honour bestowed," seems like it could be relevant. Let's check if this property is used for Agatha Christie.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Awards Won (fb:award.award_winner.awards_won): Award Winner, Award Honor
2. Honorary Title (fb:user.alexbl.honorary_title.titled_person.honorary_title): Honorary Title Holding, Titled Person
3. Award Nominations (fb:award.award_nominee.award_nominations): Award Nomination, Award Nominee
4. Nickname (fb:base.schemastaging.context_name.nickname): Context name, Text
5. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): Country, Person
6. Official name (fb:base.schemastaging.context_name.official_name): Context name, Text
7. Belongs to Order (fb:royalty.chivalric_order_member.belongs_to_order): Chivalric Order Membership, Chivalric Order Member
8. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person
9. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
10. Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for): notable_for, Topic

No other items found

[Assistant] It looks like "Honour bestowed" is not directly associated with Agatha Christie. However, "Awards Won" and "Honorary Title" seem promising. Let's check the "Awards Won" property first.

[Tool]
Falling back to an unconstrained search on the full precomputed search indices:
Got more than the maximum supported number of object candidates (131,072)

Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Agatha Christie, also known as Dame Agatha Christie, Dame Agatha Christie, DBE, Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, DBE, Lady Mallowan (fb:m.0ldd): Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie, DBE was an English crime nov...Records lists Christie as the best-selling novelist of all time., Author
2. Agatha Christie, also known as Агата Кристи (fb:m.09s3f7): Agatha Christie were a Russian Post-punk/gothic rock band led by...t. The song Ya budu tam then concluded Agata Kristi's existence., Musical Group
3. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0c5vjdp): Book Edition
4. Agatha Christie (fb:m.02rqcdq): The Agatha Christie series is a series of adventure games develo...ased on the works of the English mystery writer Agatha Christie.
5. Agatha Christie, also known as Young Agatha (fb:m.04hxk7g): Film character
6. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0902qkj): Book Edition
7. Agatha Christie (fb:m.068cf_7): Agatha Christie is a book written by Janet Morgan., Book
8. Agatha Christie (fb:m.068kp98): Agatha Christie is a book written by Peter Haining., Book
9. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0fbj83g): Musical Recording
10. Agatha Christie (fb:m.0d9ml_4): Book Edition

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant] The search indicates that Agatha Christie has been associated with the "Awards Won" property. Let's construct a SPARQL query to find out what specific award she received in 1971.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] It seems that the "Awards Won" property did not yield any results for 1971. Let's try the "Honorary Title" property next.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The "Honorary Title" property also did not yield any results for 1971. Let's try a more general approach by looking at all events associated with Agatha Christie in 1971.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that there are no events associated with Agatha Christie in 1971 in the Freebase dataset. Given this, it might be that the specific honor she received in 1971 is not recorded in Freebase.

However, based on historical records, Agatha Christie was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 1971. Since we couldn't find this information in Freebase, we can conclude that the data is not available in the knowledge graph.

I will provide the best attempt at a SPARQL query and explain why it didn't yield the expected result.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?president WHERE {
  fb:g.12384n8z fb:government.government_office_or_title.office_holders ?president .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?president fb:government.government_position_held.start_date ?startDate .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?president fb:government.government_position_held.end_date ?endDate .
  }
  FILTER ( ! BOUND( ?endDate ) )
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?startDate )
LIMIT 1

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| president     |
| ------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |

The current president of Peru is represented by the entity `fb:m.010gf_5z`.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who is the president of peru now?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who has played edward quartermaine on general hospital?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0358x_ ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0358x_ fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.026plrr .
}

Using entities:
Edward Quartermaine (fb:m.026plrr): Edward Louis Quartermaine is a fictional character from the ABC ...6, he portrayed Edward up until his death on September 16, 2012., TV Character
General Hospital (fb:m.0358x_): General Hospital is an American daytime television medical drama...ally set it in a general hospital, in an unnamed fictional city., TV Program

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): TV Regular Performance, TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): TV Regular Performance, TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): TV Regular Performance, TV Program

Example 2:
Question:
what currency does the dominican republic?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.027rn ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.027rn fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Dominican Republic, also known as República Dominicana (fb:m.027rn): The Dominican Republic is a country on the island of Hispaniola,...y removed by the Haitian government and Dominican slave revolts., Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): Currency, Country

Example 3:
Question:
what do costa ricans speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01p8s ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01p8s fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
Costa Rica, also known as Republic of Costa Rica (fb:m.01p8s): Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country ...orld as of 2012, among the highest of any Latin American nation., Country

Using properties:
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): Human Language, Country

[Assistant]
Based on the examples, we need to identify the current president of Peru. We'll first search for the entity representing Peru and then look for a property that indicates the current leader or president.

Let's start by searching for the entity "Peru".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Peru (fb:m.016wzw): Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western S..., three years after proclamation, Peru ensured its independence., Country
2. Peru, also known as Miami County / Peru city, Peru, Indiana (fb:m.0sntl): Peru is a city in, and the county seat of, Miami County, Indiana...ers commonly use the archaic pronunciation of /ˈpɪəruː/ PEER-oo., City/Town/Village
3. Peru, also known as LaSalle County / Peru city, Peru, Illinois (fb:m.0s9rf): Peru is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. The p...and its twin city, LaSalle, make up the core of Illinois Valley., City/Town/Village
4. Peru, also known as Nemaha County / Peru city, Peru, Nebraska (fb:m.0x8cp): Peru is a city in Nemaha County, Nebraska, United States. The po...s 865 at the 2010 census. Peru State College is located in Peru., City/Town/Village
5. Peru, also known as Chautauqua County / Peru city, Peru, Kansas (fb:m.0t5px): Peru is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 139., City/Town/Village
6. Peru, also known as Peru, Massachusetts (fb:m.0tyg7): Peru is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 847 at the 2010 census., City/Town/Village
7. Peru, also known as Peru, Vermont (fb:m.010hrl): Peru is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The...that had been described as 36 square miles of "trees and bears"., City/Town/Village
8. Peru, also known as Peru, New York (fb:m.01mbmm): Peru is a town in Clinton County in the U.S. state of New York. ...n the southeastern part of Clinton County, south of Plattsburgh., City/Town/Village
9. Perú (fb:m.0g57q6d): Perú is a station on Line A of the Buenos Aires Underground. Pas...Catedral Station on Line D and to the Bolívar Station on Line E., Transit Stop
10. Peru, also known as Peru, Maine (fb:m.0tq_6): Peru is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The popul...s 1,541 at the 2010 census. In 1970 the town had 1345 residents., City/Town/Village

[Assistant]
The top result is the country "Peru" (fb:m.016wzw). Now, let's search for a property that indicates the current leader or president of a country.

I will search for properties related to "president" or "leader" for the entity "Peru".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Government (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government): Governmental Jurisdiction, Government
2. Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): Governmental Jurisdiction, Government Position Held
3. Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): Form of Government, Country
4. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): Organization membership, Organization member
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
6. Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions): Government Office or Title, Governmental Jurisdiction
7. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): Human Language, Country
8. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
9. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): Flag referent, Flag use
10. Military Commanders (fb:military.military_combatant.military_commanders): Military Combatant, Military Command

No other items found

[Assistant]
From the list of properties, "Governing officials" (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials) seems to be the most relevant for finding the current president of Peru. Let's use this property in a SPARQL query to find the current president of Peru.

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the governing officials of Peru.

[Tool]
Got 34 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| official      |
| ------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_3c |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |
| fb:m.010gfz8j |
| fb:m.010gfzbs |
| fb:m.010gfzff |
| ...           |
| fb:m.0j5zclw  |
| fb:m.0_sgqxm  |
| fb:m.0w83408  |
| fb:m.0yp_d4w  |
| fb:m.0yp_lhq  |

[Assistant]
The query returned multiple officials, but we need to filter these to find the current president. To do this, we need to identify the specific role of each official. Let's search for a property that indicates the role or position of an official.

I will search for properties related to "role" or "position" for the entity "Peru".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions): Government Office or Title, Governmental Jurisdiction
2. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): Organization membership, Organization member
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
4. Type (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type): Bibs Location, Text
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
7. Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): Governmental Jurisdiction, Government Position Held
8. Administrative parent (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area.administrative_parent): Administrative Area
9. Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): Form of Government, Country
10. Government (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government): Governmental Jurisdiction, Government

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Government positions" (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions) seems to be the most relevant for identifying the roles or positions of the officials. Let's use this property to filter the officials and find the one with the role of "President."

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the officials and their positions, and then filter for the position of "President."

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, which suggests that the property `fb:government.government_position_held.position` might not be the correct one to use for this purpose. Let's try another approach by searching for the specific role of "President" directly.

I will search for the entity "President" and then see if it is associated with any of the officials of Peru.

First, let's search for the entity "President."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. President, also known as Corporate President (fb:m.0ynx29_): A President is a leader of an organization, company, community, ...nion, the president is the executive leader of the organization., Legislative committee title
2. President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., Fictional job title
3. Bill Clinton, also known as The Comeback Kid, the Compromiser in Chief, The first black president, The Man From Hope, The Man From Hope (Arkansas) (fb:m.0157m): William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton is an American politician who s...oungest president and the first from the baby boomer generation., US President
4. Sonny Barger, also known as Ralph Barger Jr., Ralph Hubert 'Sonny' Barger, Ralph Hubert "Sonny" Barger, Ralph Hubert Barger Jr., Rebel (fb:m.049f0p): Ralph Hubert "Sonny" Barger is a founding member of the Oakland,... who ends up being the last living member of SAMCRO's "First 9"., Sonny Barger is an actor., Author
5. President (fb:m.0g9xs_m): President is a South Korean television series starring real-life...y 24, 2011 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:05 for 24 episodes., TV Program
6. President (fb:m.04gvc2l): The President tree is the name of a giant sequoia located in the...f medium sized sequoias that represent the "House" and "Senate".
7. President, also known as President (album version) (fb:m.01bg_gj): Canonical Version
8. President (fb:m.0ff77x2): Consumer product
9. President (fb:m.035vsx8): Musical Release
10. President, also known as ex CINCINNATI, River Excursion Boat PRESIDENT, President, Alton, PRESIDENT (fb:m.03cdrm_): President was a steamboat that currently lies dismantled in Effi...icksburg, Mississippi; St. Louis, Missouri; and Davenport, Iowa., Listed Site

[Assistant]
The top result for "President" is a general concept (fb:m.0ynx29_), which might be useful for our query. However, we need to ensure that we are looking for the specific role of "President" in the context of Peru.

Let's try to find the specific role of "President" for the officials of Peru by using the property `fb:government.government_position_held.position` and filtering for the label "President."

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the officials and their positions, and then filter for the position with the label "President."

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, which suggests that the label "President" might not be the exact match for the position held by the current leader of Peru. Let's try a different approach by searching for the specific role of "President" directly and then linking it to the officials of Peru.

I will search for the entity "President of Peru" and see if it provides a more direct link to the current president.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. President of Peru (fb:g.12384n8z): President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
2. Vice President of Peru, also known as Vice Presidents of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.0cf56k): The Republic of Peru has two Vice Presidents who are elected alo...ice Presidents are first in the Presidential line of succession., Government Office or Title
3. President Fujimori of Peru (fb:m.06k4b8t): Book
4. First Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxx0s): First Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
5. Second Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxxgh): Second Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
6. Prime Minister of Peru, also known as President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (fb:m.0yp_d4z): The Prime Minister of Peru which is formally the President of th...Council of Ministers, and is appointed by the President of Peru., Government Office or Title
7. Agustín Gamarra, Provisional President of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.04rt4zs)
8. president of (fb:m.0c0nm9y)
9. President of Germany (fb:m.0gg1y): The President of Germany, officially the President of the Federa...ents the state itself, its existence, its legitimacy, and unity., Government Office or Title
10. President of Russia, also known as президент России, российский президент, президент РФ, президент Российской Федерации, Russian President (fb:m.01jrl6): The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state, Su...n of the upper house of parliament becomes acting head of state., Government Office or Title

[Assistant]
The top result for "President of Peru" is the entity `fb:g.12384n8z`, which represents the position of President of Peru. Now, let's find the current holder of this position.

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the current holder of the "President of Peru" position.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, which suggests that the property `fb:government.government_position_held.holder` might not be the correct one to use for this purpose. Let's try another approach by searching for the current president of Peru directly.

I will search for the entity "current president of Peru" and see if it provides a more direct link to the current president.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. President of Peru (fb:g.12384n8z): President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
2. Vice President of Peru, also known as Vice Presidents of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.0cf56k): The Republic of Peru has two Vice Presidents who are elected alo...ice Presidents are first in the Presidential line of succession., Government Office or Title
3. President Fujimori of Peru (fb:m.06k4b8t): Book
4. First Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxx0s): First Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
5. Second Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxxgh): Second Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., Government Office or Title
6. Prime Minister of Peru, also known as President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (fb:m.0yp_d4z): The Prime Minister of Peru which is formally the President of th...Council of Ministers, and is appointed by the President of Peru., Government Office or Title
7. Current President of the United States (fb:m.0113h7hm)
8. Current economic position and prospects of Peru (fb:m.06l6jgs): Book
9. Agustín Gamarra, Provisional President of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.04rt4zs)
10. president of (fb:m.0c0nm9y)

[Assistant]
It appears that the search for "current president of Peru" did not return a specific person, but rather the position itself. This suggests that the current president might not be directly labeled as such in the knowledge graph.

Given this, let's try a different approach by searching for the most recent president of Peru. We can do this by looking for the president with the latest end date or the one without an end date, indicating they are currently in office.

I will execute a SPARQL query to find the most recent president of Peru by checking the end dates of their terms.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the query did not return any results, which suggests that the properties `fb:government.government_position_held.start_date` and `fb:government.government_position_held.end_date` might not be the correct ones to use for this purpose. Let's try a different approach by looking for the most recent president of Peru using a different set of properties.

I will search for properties related to "term" or "incumbent" for the entity "President of Peru" to see if there are any other relevant properties that can help us find the current president.

Let's search for properties related to "term" or "incumbent" for the entity "President of Peru" (fb:g.12384n8z).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Office Holders (fb:government.government_office_or_title.office_holders): Government Office or Title, Government Position Held
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
3. Jurisdiction (fb:government.government_office_or_title.jurisdiction): Government Office or Title, Governmental Jurisdiction
4. Description (fb:common.topic.description): Topic, Text
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Office Holders" (fb:government.government_office_or_title.office_holders) seems to be the most relevant for finding the current holder of the "President of Peru" position. Let's use this property to find the current president.

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the current holder of the "President of Peru" position using the "Office Holders" property.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| president     |
| ------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |
| fb:m.010gfz8j |
| fb:m.0j5zclw  |
| fb:m.0w83408  |

[Assistant]
The query returned multiple holders of the "President of Peru" position. To determine the current president, we need to check the start and end dates of their terms. Let's add these details to the query and filter for the one with the most recent start date and no end date, indicating they are currently in office.

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the current holder of the "President of Peru" position, including their start and end dates, and filter for the most recent term without an end date.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| president     | startDate | endDate |
| ------------- | --------- | ------- |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |           |         |

[Assistant]
The query returned one result, indicating that the current president of Peru is represented by the entity `fb:m.010gf_5z`. To provide a more human-readable answer, let's retrieve the label for this entity.

I will execute a SPARQL query to retrieve the label of the current president of Peru.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| president     | label |
| ------------- | ----- |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |       |

[Assistant]
It seems that the label for the current president of Peru is not available in the English language. However, we can still provide the IRI of the current president.

The current president of Peru is represented by the entity `fb:m.010gf_5z`.

To finalize the answer, I will provide the SPARQL query and the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  fb:m.01qg6m fb:location.location.containedby ?location .
}

King Tut's tomb was found in the Valley of the Kings, which is located in Egypt.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what country was king tut's tomb found?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is tom cruise from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07r1h ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07r1h fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Tom Cruise, also known as Thomas "Tom" Cruise Mapother IV, Tomu Kurûzu, Tom, Thomas Mapother IV, Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (fb:m.07r1h): Tom Cruise is an American actor and filmmaker. Cruise has been n...ire, the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut, and the drama Magnolia., Celebrity

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): Location, Person

Example 2:
Question:
who does the voice of lois in family guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019nnl ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.03pcqz .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.special_performance_type fb:m.02nsjvf .
}

Using entities:
Family Guy, also known as I Griffin (fb:m.019nnl): Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth ... in 2004 for a fourth season, which began airing on May 1, 2005., TV Program
Voice (fb:m.02nsjvf): A voice performance (on film, television, etc.) is one in which ... when an actor's voice is dubbed in over another actor's speech., Special film performance type
Lois Griffin, also known as Lois Pewterschmidt, Lois Griffin as Princess Leia (fb:m.03pcqz): Lois Patrice Griffin is a main character from the animated telev...ommercials and books—and inspired an entire line of merchandise., TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): TV Regular Performance, TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): TV Regular Performance, TV Character
Special performance type (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.special_performance_type): Special TV performance type, TV Regular Performance
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): TV Regular Performance, TV Program

Example 3:
Question:
where did the founder of google go to college?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  fb:m.045c7b fb:organization.organization.founders ?y .
  ?y fb:people.person.education ?z .
  ?z fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Google, also known as Google Inc, Google, Inc. (fb:m.045c7b): Google is an American multinational technology company specializ...cquisitions and partnerships beyond Google's core search engine., Google Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOG) is an American multinational corporat...cts, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond the company's core..., Award Winner

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): Topic, Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): Educational Institution, Education
Founders (fb:organization.organization.founders): Organization founder, Organization
Education (fb:people.person.education): Education, Person

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the SPARQL queries generally involve identifying the relevant entities and properties, and then constructing a query to link these together to answer the question. In our case, we need to identify King Tut and his tomb, and then find out where it was located. Let's start by searching for King Tut.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Tutankhamun, also known as King Tut, Nebkheperura Tutankhamun, Tut-Ankh-Amen, Tutankhamen, Tutankhaten (fb:m.07hcc): Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, during ...mbol. Exhibits of artifacts from his tomb have toured the world., Monarch
2. King Tut (fb:m.0n4nbg): Musical Recording
3. King Tut (fb:m.0156y5n): Musical Recording
4. King Tut (fb:m.0dtqtmg): Musical Recording
5. Darnell Brittingham, also known as King Tut (fb:m.05m2lh1): Darnell "King Tut" Brittingham was a rapper who committed suicid...fore police could arrest him for stabbing a woman in New Jersey., Deceased Person
6. King Tut (fb:m.0f07wk5): Musical Recording
7. King Tut (fb:m.0f9208c): Musical Recording
8. King Tut (fb:m.0c_9jf): "King Tut" is a novelty song performed by Steve Martin and the T...t expensive productions the show had attempted up to that point., Composition
9. King Tut (fb:m.0yy_q0): Musical Recording
10. King Tut (fb:m.0q72lfq): Musical Recording

[Assistant] The first result is the correct one - Tutankhamun, also known as King Tut. Now let's look for the tomb of King Tut and where it was found. We'll search for the tomb entity next.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Tomb of King Tutankhamen (fb:m.06htz0x): Book
2. The tomb of King Tutankhamun (fb:m.06f6jj_): Book
3. The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (fb:m.0gbf73): The Curse of King Tut's Tomb is a 2006 television film directed ...ahy, starring Casper Van Dien, Leonor Varela, and Jonathan Hyde., Film
4. The Curse of King Tut's Tomb (fb:m.09v5bms): The Curse of King Tut's Tomb is a 1980 British-American mystery ...va Marie Saint, Harry Andrews and Paul Scofield, with Tom Baker., Film
5. The Mystery of King Tut's Tomb (fb:m.06wswnt): The boys are traveling through Egypt on their way to Kenya. When...s.com/hardyboysnancydrew/program.html, got permission from Greg., TV Episode
6. The Opening of King Tut's Tomb (fb:m.06xfp10): TV Episode
7. Wonders of the World - King Tut's Tomb (fb:m.06shpmf): Book
8. Tomb of King Tongmyong (fb:m.05zj96z): The Tomb of King Tongmyŏng is a mausoleum located in near Ryongs...soming of that period indicative of Buddhism practiced in Korea., Tourist attraction
9. Tomb of King Kongmin (fb:m.05zp83d): The Tomb of King Kongmin, more correctly known as the Hyonjongru... avoided extensive "restoration" under the Communist government., Tourist attraction
10. Tomb of King Wanggon (fb:m.05ztk05): The Tomb of King Wanggŏn, more correctly known as the Hyŏllŭng R... "restoration". The site is nominated for World Heritage status., Tourist attraction

[Assistant]
It seems like the specific entity for the tomb of King Tutankhamun is not directly listed. However, we can try to find the location of the tomb by linking King Tut to his burial place. Let's search for the property that might connect King Tut to his tomb or burial location.

I will search for properties related to "burial" or "tomb" for the entity of King Tut.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): Deceased Person, Location
2. Tomb owned (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned): Tomb owner, Tomb
3. Successor (fb:base.ancientegypt.pharaoh.successor): Pharaoh
4. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): Country, Person
5. Reign (fb:base.ancientegypt.pharaoh.reign): Time interval, Pharaoh
6. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
7. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): Location, Person
8. Image (fb:common.topic.image): Topic, Image
9. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
10. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): Person, Gender

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Tomb owned" (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned) looks promising as it connects the tomb owner to the tomb. Let's use this property to find the tomb of King Tut and then find the location of the tomb.

First, let's construct a query to find the tomb of King Tut.

```sparql
SELECT ?tomb WHERE {
  fb:m.07hcc fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned ?tomb .
}
```

Let's execute this query to find the tomb of King Tut.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| tomb               |
| ------------------ |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) |
| KV54 (fb:m.08cvnf) |

[Assistant]
We have found two potential tombs associated with King Tut: KV62 and KV54. KV62 is widely known as the tomb of King Tutankhamun, while KV54 is less commonly associated with him. Let's focus on KV62 and find out where it is located.

To find the location of the tomb, we need to search for a property that links the tomb to its location. Let's search for properties related to "location" for the tomb entity KV62.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
2. Description (fb:common.topic.description): Topic, Text
3. Geolocation (fb:location.location.geolocation): Location, Geocode
4. Image (fb:common.topic.image): Topic, Image
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
6. Article (fb:common.topic.article): Document, Topic
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
8. Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): Location
9. Owner (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb.owner): Tomb owner, Tomb
10. Discovery date (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb.discovery_date): Date/Time, Tomb

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Contained by" (fb:location.location.containedby) looks like it could provide the location of the tomb. Let's use this property to find the location of KV62.

Here is the SPARQL query to find the location of KV62:

```sparql
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  fb:m.01qg6m fb:location.location.containedby ?location .
}
```

Let's execute this query to find the location of the tomb.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| location                          |
| --------------------------------- |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54)                |
| Valley of the Kings (fb:m.08m8w6) |

[Assistant]
The tomb KV62, which is the tomb of King Tutankhamun, is contained by both Egypt and the Valley of the Kings. The Valley of the Kings is a more specific location within Egypt where many pharaohs and nobles were buried.

To provide a clear and concise answer, we can say that King Tut's tomb was found in the Valley of the Kings, which is located in Egypt.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

```sparql
SELECT ?location WHERE {
  fb:m.01qg6m fb:location.location.containedby ?location .
}
```

Answer: King Tut's tomb was found in the Valley of the Kings, which is located in Egypt.

Let's finalize this with the answer function.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.0c2yrf fb:people.person.education ?college .
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| college      |
| ------------ |
| fb:m.03p7z1w |
| fb:m.040rzsq |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl |

The colleges Joakim Noah attended are: fb:m.03p7z1w, fb:m.040rzsq, fb:m.0b6vrkl.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what college did joakim noah?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who did michael vick play for in 2008?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.027f42 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.027f42 fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team ?x .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2008-12-31" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2008-01-01" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Michael Vick, also known as Michael Dwayne Vick, Ookie, The People's Champ (fb:m.027f42): Michael Dwayne Vick is an American football quarterback who is c...21 months in prison, followed by two months in home confinement., American football player

Using properties:
Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams): Sports team roster, Athlete
From (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from): Sports team roster, Date/Time
Team (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team): Sports team roster, Sports Team
To (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to): Sports team roster, Date/Time

Example 2:
Question:
where was avril lavigne born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0161c2 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0161c2 fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Avril Lavigne, also known as Avril, Avril Lavinge, Avril Ramona Lavigne (fb:m.0161c2): Avril Ramona Lavigne is a Canadian-French singer and songwriter....d 200, eventually selling more than 10 million copies worldwide., Musical Artist

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): Location, Person

Example 3:
Question:
what does annie leibovitz do?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.015m2c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.015m2c fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Annie Leibovitz, also known as Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz, Annie Leibowitz, Anna-Lou Leibovitz (fb:m.015m2c): Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz is an American portrait photographer., Visual Artist

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for Joakim Noah and the property for his college education. Let's start by searching for the entity "Joakim Noah".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Joakim Noah, also known as Joakim Simon Noah, Joe (fb:m.0c2yrf): Joakim Simon Noah is a French-American professional basketball p...Star and won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award in 2014., Joakim Noah is a film producer., Basketball Player
2. Joakim Noah3 (fb:m.0ccg265)
3. Joakim Noah 2 (fb:m.05tyn2z)
4. Joakim Noah and JaVale McGee (fb:m.0gzl8c2)
5. Noah, also known as Nuh, Noé, Noach (fb:m.05fzm): In the Abrahamic religions, Noah, or Noé or Noach, was the tenth...he literature of later Abrahamic religions, including the Quran., Person Or Being In Fiction
6. Noah (fb:m.0kdy118): Noah is a 2014 American biblically inspired epic film co-written...362 million worldwide, but generated controversy with audiences., Award-Nominated Work
7. Hydra, also known as Amberland, Dakini Mandarava, Mandarava, Dakini, Noah (fb:m.01pwqcj): Musical Artist
8. Noah, also known as peterpan, Peter Pan (fb:m.01qyvs6): Noah is an Indonesian alternative pop/rock band. The band origin...ly and recognized as the best selling alternative pop/rock band., Musical Artist
9. Joakim, also known as Joakim Bouaziz, Joakim Lone Octet (fb:m.01wjtmd): Joakim is a disc jockey and musician., Musical Artist
10. Noah (fb:m.02px2vt): The Noah grape is a cultivar derived from the grape species Viti...to mildew, black rot and phylloxera - it is used as a rootstock., Grape Variety

[Assistant] The correct entity for Joakim Noah is `fb:m.0c2yrf`. Now, let's find the property that represents his college education. We can search for properties related to education or college for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Country (fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.country): Olympic athlete affiliation, Olympic athlete
2. Education (fb:people.person.education): Education, Person
3. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
5. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person
6. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): Person, Gender
7. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): Country, Person
8. Sports played (fb:sports.pro_athlete.sports_played_professionally): Sports played, Athlete
9. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): Date/Time, Person
10. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): Location, Person

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property `fb:people.person.education` seems to be the most relevant for finding out where Joakim Noah went to college. Let's construct a simple SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.0c2yrf fb:people.person.education ?college .
}
```

I will now execute this query to see the results.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| college      |
| ------------ |
| fb:m.03p7z1w |
| fb:m.040rzsq |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl |

[Assistant]
The query returned three colleges associated with Joakim Noah. To provide more context, let's look up the labels for these colleges.

I will modify the query to include the labels of the colleges:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?college ?collegeLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0c2yrf fb:people.person.education ?college .
  OPTIONAL { ?college rdfs:label ?collegeLabel . FILTER(LANG(?collegeLabel) = 'en') }
}
```

Let's execute this updated query.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| college      | collegeLabel |
| ------------ | ------------ |
| fb:m.03p7z1w |              |
| fb:m.040rzsq |              |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl |              |

[Assistant]
It appears that the labels for the colleges are not directly available. Let's try to find the labels for these colleges by searching for their entities separately.

First, let's search for the label of `fb:m.03p7z1w`.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant] It seems that the entity `fb:m.03p7z1w` does not have a direct label. Let's try the next one, `fb:m.040rzsq`.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant] The entity `fb:m.040rzsq` also does not have a direct label. Let's try the last one, `fb:m.0b6vrkl`.

[Tool] No entity items found

[Assistant]
None of the entities for the colleges have direct labels. However, we can still provide the IRIs of the colleges as the answer.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.0c2yrf fb:people.person.education ?college .
}
```

The colleges Joakim Noah attended are:
- `fb:m.03p7z1w`
- `fb:m.040rzsq`
- `fb:m.0b6vrkl`

Since we couldn't find the labels, the IRIs are the most accurate representation of the information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.06c97 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel .
  }
}

Got 43 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| placeOfDeath                | placeOfDeathLabel         |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Bandar Raya New York (ms) |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Kota New York (id)        |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Lungsod ng New York (fil) |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York (cs)             |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York (et)             |
| ...                         | ...                       |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | นครนิวยอร์ก (th)          |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 뉴욕 (ko)                   |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | ニューヨーク (ja)               |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 紐約 (zh-Hant)              |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 纽约 (zh)                   |

Richard Nixon died in New York City.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did richard nixon die?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what present day countries use english as their national language?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h40lc ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h40lc fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in ?x .
}

Using entities:
English Language, also known as Anglit, Sekgoa, English language, English (fb:m.02h40lc): English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in ear...ction of the printing press to London and the Great Vowel Shift., Human Language

Using properties:
Spoken in countries (fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in): Human Language, Country

Example 2:
Question:
what kind of legal system does australia have?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0chghy ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0chghy fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Australia, also known as The Commonwealth of Australia, Commonwealth of Australia (fb:m.0chghy): Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is an Ocean...e six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia., Country

Using properties:
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): Form of Government, Country

Example 3:
Question:
what did jordyn wieber win gold for?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.05nzn7y ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.05nzn7y fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.medals_won ?y .
  ?y fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.event ?x .
  ?y fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.medal fb:m.02lpp7 .
}

Using entities:
Gold medal (fb:m.02lpp7): A gold medal is the highest medal awarded for highest achievemen...th 24 carat gold. Before 1980 they were struck in 23 carat gold., Olympic medal
Jordyn Wieber, also known as Jo, Jordyn Marie Wieber (fb:m.05nzn7y): Jordyn Marie Wieber is a retired American artistic gymnast who w...ympics. She was also the 2011 world women's all-around champion., Olympic athlete

Using properties:
Events Competed In (fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.medals_won): Olympic athlete/competition relationship, Olympic athlete
Event (fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.event): Olympic athlete/competition relationship, Olympic event competition
Medal (fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.medal): Olympic athlete/competition relationship, Olympic medal

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the SPARQL queries generally involve selecting distinct values for a variable and then using a WHERE clause to filter and relate different entities and properties. For our question about where Richard Nixon died, we need to identify the entity for Richard Nixon and the property that indicates the place of death. Let's start by searching for the entity for Richard Nixon.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Richard Nixon, also known as Red Hunter, Vice President Richard Nixon, Tricky Dick, Slick Rick, Richard Milhous Nixon (fb:m.06c97): Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United State... F. Kennedy, and lost a race for Governor of California in 1962., US President
2. President Nixon, also known as Richard Milhous Nixon, Tricky Dick, Richard Nixon, President Nixon, Richard M. Nixon (fb:m.02nw8ld): Richard Nixon is a fictional character from the 1985 film Horror House on Highway Five., President Nixon is a fictional character from Transformers: Dark of the Moon., President Nixon is a fictional character from the 1971 film Tricia`s Wedding., The fictional representation of Richard Milhous Nixon., Film character
3. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0bmb8k6): Richard James Nixon was an Australian rules footballer who playe...illicent in South Australia, on their way to work on an oil rig., Athlete
4. Richard Nixon (fb:m.018y_vs): Musical Recording
5. Richard Nixon (fb:m.016qvky): Musical Recording
6. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0115sgv): Musical Recording
7. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0sp1jcq): Musical Recording
8. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0vnxk9v): Richard Nixon is the brother of Mike Hennessey., Person
9. Richard Nixon (fb:m.05kt5z7)
10. Richard Nixon (fb:m.06k4m5s): Book

[Assistant] The top result for Richard Nixon is the 37th President of the United States, which is the correct entity we are looking for. Now, let's search for the property that indicates the place of death.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Place of death (fb:biology.deceased_organism.place_of_death): Deceased Organism, Location
2. Place of death (fb:base.fictionaluniverse.deceased_fictional_character.place_of_death): Deceased Fictional Character, Fictional Setting
3. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): Deceased Person, Location
4. Place of burial (fb:base.fictionaluniverse.deceased_fictional_character.place_of_burial): Deceased Fictional Character, Fictional Setting
5. Place of burial (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_burial): Place of interment, Deceased Person
6. Place of cremation (fb:base.fictionaluniverse.deceased_fictional_character.place_of_cremation): Deceased Fictional Character, Fictional Setting
7. Place of cremation (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_cremation): Deceased Person, Location
8. Date of Death (fb:base.iceandfire.person.date_of_death): Date/Time, Person
9. Date of death (fb:base.thoroughbredracing.thoroughbred_racehorse.date_of_death): Thoroughbred racehorse, Date/Time
10. Date of death (fb:base.fictionaluniverse.deceased_fictional_character.date_of_death): Deceased Fictional Character, Fictional Date/Time

[Assistant]
The third result, `Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death)`, seems to be the most relevant property for our query. Now, let's construct a simple SPARQL query to find out where Richard Nixon died.

We will use the entity `Richard Nixon (fb:m.06c97)` and the property `Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death)` in our query.

Let's execute this query:

```sparql
SELECT ?placeOfDeath WHERE {
  fb:m.06c97 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?placeOfDeath .
}
```

This query selects the place of death for Richard Nixon. Let's run it and see the results.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| placeOfDeath                |
| --------------------------- |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned that Richard Nixon died in New York City. To provide a more complete answer, let's include the label of the place of death in the query. We can do this by adding an optional clause to fetch the label.

Here is the updated SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.06c97 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL { ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel . }
}
```

Let's execute this query to get both the IRI and the label of the place of death.

[Tool]
Got 43 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| placeOfDeath                | placeOfDeathLabel         |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Bandar Raya New York (ms) |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Kota New York (id)        |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | Lungsod ng New York (fil) |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York (cs)             |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York (et)             |
| ...                         | ...                       |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | นครนิวยอร์ก (th)          |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 뉴욕 (ko)                   |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | ニューヨーク (ja)               |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 紐約 (zh-Hant)              |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | 纽约 (zh)                   |

[Assistant]
The query has returned multiple labels for New York City in different languages. However, the IRI for the place of death is consistent across all results. For a clear and concise answer, we can focus on the IRI and a common label, such as the English label.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

```sparql
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.06c97 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL { ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel . }
}
```

The place of death for Richard Nixon is New York City (fb:m.02_286).

Now, let's provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?work WHERE {
  fb:m.030dr fb:book.author.works_written ?work
}

Got 91 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) |
| The Instauratio Magna: Last Writings (fb:m.0110hll3)                                |
| The Instauratio magna. Part II, Novum organum and associated texts (fb:m.0110hm12)  |
| The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon ... Touching Duels (fb:m.052mjng)                   |
| De Augmentis Scientarum (fb:m.052mjnn)                                              |
| ...                                                                                |
| 'His preface' (fb:m.0c1t2vg)                                                        |
| Meditationes sacrae and human philosophy (fb:m.0c1t2vk)                             |
| Thoughts on Holy Scripture (fb:m.0c1t2vn)                                           |
| The letters and life of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz57)                                |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     |

Francis Bacon's contributions include several notable works such as 'The Instauratio Magna', 'Novum Organum', 'De Augmentis Scientarum', 'Meditationes Sacrae', and 'Thoughts on Holy Scripture'. These works are significant contributions to philosophy, science, and literature.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was francis bacon contributions?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who is daniel in the bible?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02cts ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02cts fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Daniel (fb:m.02cts): Daniel is the hero of the Book of Daniel. The book contains some...lim sources describe him as a nabi, a saintly and righteous man., Art Subject

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): Profession, Person

Example 2:
Question:
what is there to see near the grand canyon?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0cns5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0cns5 fb:travel.tourist_attraction.near_travel_destination ?x .
}

Using entities:
Grand Canyon (fb:m.0cns5): The Grand Canyon, is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado...d to erode and form the canyon to its present-day configuration., Tourist attraction

Using properties:
Near travel destination (fb:travel.tourist_attraction.near_travel_destination): Tourist attraction, Travel destination

Example 3:
Question:
what is the china money called?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0d05w3 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0d05w3 fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
China, also known as People's Republic of China (fb:m.0d05w3): China, officially the People's Republic of China, is a sovereign...h-largest by total area, depending on the method of measurement., Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): Currency, Country

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the entity for Francis Bacon and then look for his contributions. Let's start by searching for Francis Bacon in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Francis Bacon, also known as Sir Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr): Francis Bacon, Viscount St. Alban, Kt PC QC, was an English phil...le studying the effects of freezing on the preservation of meat., Author
2. Francis Bacon (fb:m.01d7g0): Francis Bacon was an Irish-born British figurative painter known...ies, and painting after them, and no one...can confuse the two.", Visual Artist
3. Francis Bacon (fb:m.0crwv1s): Film
4. Francis Bacon (fb:m.0b74s1h): Francis Hugh Bacon was an English cricketer. Bacon was a right-handed batsman who was a right-arm slow bowler., Cricket Player
5. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08sxz2x): Book Edition
6. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08f55sp): Book Edition
7. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08jbr8q): Book Edition
8. Francis Bacon (fb:m.089jnq1): Book Edition
9. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08xb97v): Book Edition
10. Francis Bacon (fb:m.03d4j4w): Francis Bacon was an English politician who sat in the House of .... He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War., Deceased Person

[Assistant] The top result for Francis Bacon is the philosopher and statesman, Sir Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr). We will use this entity to find his contributions. Contributions can be in various forms such as works, inventions, or ideas. Let's list the properties associated with this entity to see what kind of contributions might be recorded.

[Tool]
Got 1,231 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/daylife/topic/04HgcRe9BC89w                                   |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Francesco Bacone (it)                                                    |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%41%31%27%46%33%4A%33_%28%4A%43%48%46>     |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125cb1dqs                                                           |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Author (fb:m.01xryvt)                                                    |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Francis Bacon, 1. barón z Verula... bol anglický filozof a štátnik. (sk) |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.030f1                                                               |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Francis Bacon (filosofi) (fi)                                            |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Gender (fb:people.person.gender)                                    | Male (fb:m.05zppz)                                                       |
| ...                        | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant]
From the list of properties, we can see that Francis Bacon is notable for being an author and has written works. To find his contributions, we should focus on his notable works or writings. Let's search for the properties related to his works or contributions.

We can use the `notable_for` property to find out what he is known for. Additionally, we can look for properties like `works_written` or `influences`.

Let's start with the `notable_for` property:

[Tool]
Falling back to an unconstrained search on the full precomputed search indices:
Got more than the maximum supported number of object candidates (131,072)

No entity items found

No other items found

No literal items found

[Assistant]
It seems that the `notable_for` property did not yield any specific results for Francis Bacon. Let's try another approach by looking for his works directly. We can search for properties related to his writings or contributions.

Let's search for properties related to his works or contributions:

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Description (fb:common.topic.description): Topic, Text
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): Object, Text
3. Image (fb:common.topic.image): Topic, Image
4. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): Organization membership, Organization member
5. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): Written Work, Author
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): Object, Key
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): Object, Type
8. Has sentences (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences): KWSentence, KWTopic
9. Article (fb:common.topic.article): Document, Topic
10. Category (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.category): KWTopic, Text

No other items found

[Assistant] The property `works_written` (fb:book.author.works_written) seems relevant for finding the works or contributions of Francis Bacon. Let's use this property to find his notable works.

[Tool]
Got 91 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) |
| The Instauratio Magna: Last Writings (fb:m.0110hll3)                                |
| The Instauratio magna. Part II, Novum organum and associated texts (fb:m.0110hm12)  |
| The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon ... Touching Duels (fb:m.052mjng)                   |
| De Augmentis Scientarum (fb:m.052mjnn)                                              |
| ...                                                                                |
| 'His preface' (fb:m.0c1t2vg)                                                        |
| Meditationes sacrae and human philosophy (fb:m.0c1t2vk)                             |
| Thoughts on Holy Scripture (fb:m.0c1t2vn)                                           |
| The letters and life of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz57)                                |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned a list of works written by Francis Bacon. These works represent his contributions to philosophy, science, and literature. Here are some of his notable works:

- The Instauratio Magna. Part III: Historia Naturalis and Historia Vitae (fb:m.0110hljn)
- The Instauratio Magna: Last Writings (fb:m.0110hll3)
- The Instauratio Magna. Part II, Novum Organum and Associated Texts (fb:m.0110hm12)
- The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon Touching Duels (fb:m.052mjng)
- De Augmentis Scientarum (fb:m.052mjnn)
- Meditationes Sacrae and Human Philosophy (fb:m.0c1t2vk)
- Thoughts on Holy Scripture (fb:m.0c1t2vn)
- The Letters and Life of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz57)
- The Major Works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)

These works are significant contributions to various fields, including philosophy, science, and literature.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process