PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution WHERE {
  fb:m.0d1b_ fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
}

Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| institution                                               |
| --------------------------------------------------------- |
| Julian Pino School (fb:m.0467r_n)                         |
| Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (fb:m.0467s09)            |
| Simón Bolívar University (fb:m.04fc47)                    |
| Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (fb:m.08fk_z) |

- Julian Pino School
- Daniel Florencio O'Leary School
- Simón Bolívar University
- Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did hugo chavez go to school?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what school did joan miro attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0g_6k ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0g_6k fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Joan Mir, also known as Joan Miró i Ferrà, Joan MiroDEMO, Joan Miró, Joan Miró, Joan Miro (fb:m.0g_6k): Joan Miró i Ferrà was a Catalan, Spanish painter, sculptor, and ...favour of upsetting the visual elements of established painting., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
where did lebron james go to highschool?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01jz6d ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01jz6d fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
LeBron James, also known as The L-Train, King James, The Chosen One, LeBron Raymone James, Lebron James '#23' (fb:m.01jz6d): LeBron Raymone James is an American professional basketball play...r years and winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013., has type Basketball Player

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
where did bashar al assad study?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01_vwx ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01_vwx fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Bashar al-Assad, also known as Bashar Hafez al-Assad, Dr. Bashar al-Assad (fb:m.01_vwx): Bashar Hafez al-Assad is the President of Syria, commander-in-ch...rm of government Assad presides over is an authoritarian regime., has type Politician

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to find Hugo Chavez's education details. Let's first search for Hugo Chavez in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hugo Chávez, also known as El Commandante, Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, Hugo Chavez, Esteban de Jesús, El Mico Mandante (fb:m.0d1b_): Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías was a Venezuelan politician and the Pre... re-elected in 2000 and again in 2006 with over 60% of the vote., has type Politician
2. Hugo Chávez (fb:m.0j9pvs_): Hugo Chávez is a retired Mexican football defender. He won two c...member of the Mexican squad at the 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup., has type Football player
3. Hugo Chavez (fb:m.02xgb87)
4. Hugo Chávez (fb:m.0cgtql2): has type Book Edition
5. Hugo Chá́vez (fb:m.0c3xtsy): has type Book
6. Hugo Rafael Chávez (fb:m.0j681q9): Hugo Rafael Chávez is the son of Hugo Chávez., has type Person
7. Comandante Hugo Chavez (fb:m.0qh58m4): has type Musical Recording
8. Hugo Chavez wave. (fb:m.0bn10tt)
9. Hugo Chávez International Airport, also known as Cap-Haitien Airport (fb:m.02vqbkl): Hugo Chávez International Airport is an airport serving Cap-Haït...ad which had previously bisected the airstrip around it instead., has type Airport
10. History of Venezuela, also known as Presidency of Hugo Chávez, Presidency of Hugo Chavez (fb:m.08fltn): Venezuela under the presidency of Hugo Chávez from 1999 to 2013 ...l South. Chávez's presidency ended when he died on 5 March 2013.

[Assistant] The correct entity for Hugo Chavez is `fb:m.0d1b_`. Now let's look for the properties related to his education.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
2. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
3. Religion (fb:people.person.religion): links to type Religion, part of Person schema
4. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
5. Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person
6. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
7. Web Link(s) (fb:common.topic.webpage): links to type Webpage, part of Topic schema
8. Children (fb:people.person.children): part of Person schema, links to type Person
9. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
10. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type

No other items found

[Assistant]
The relevant property for Hugo Chavez's education is `fb:people.person.education`. We can now construct a SPARQL query to find out where he went to school.

Let's execute the following SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution WHERE {
  fb:m.0d1b_ fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
}
```

This query will retrieve the educational institutions attended by Hugo Chavez.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| institution                                               |
| --------------------------------------------------------- |
| Julian Pino School (fb:m.0467r_n)                         |
| Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (fb:m.0467s09)            |
| Simón Bolívar University (fb:m.04fc47)                    |
| Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (fb:m.08fk_z) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned the educational institutions attended by Hugo Chavez. Here are the schools and universities he went to:

- Julian Pino School (fb:m.0467r_n)
- Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (fb:m.0467s09)
- Simón Bolívar University (fb:m.04fc47)
- Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (fb:m.08fk_z)

Therefore, the answer to the question "Where did Hugo Chavez go to school?" is:

- Julian Pino School
- Daniel Florencio O'Leary School
- Simón Bolívar University
- Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution WHERE {
  fb:m.0d1b_ fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
}
```

And the answer:

- Julian Pino School
- Daniel Florencio O'Leary School
- Simón Bolívar University
- Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns all the institutions where Hugo Chávez received his education. The answer provided is accurate and complete.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.02f8jf fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
}

Got 11 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| actor                           |
| ------------------------------- |
| Damon Evans (fb:m.0279gxy)      |
| Berlinda Tolbert (fb:m.0279gyz) |
| Sherman Hemsley (fb:m.02_yyp)   |
| Isabel Sanford (fb:m.02_z06)    |
| Roxie Roker (fb:m.03h436)       |
| ...                             |
| Marla Gibbs (fb:m.03zwg4)       |
| Franklin Cover (fb:m.06b_nc)    |
| Paul Benedict (fb:m.0c6b4y)     |
| Mike Evans (fb:m.0clm34)        |
| Jay Hammer (fb:m.0gydmc)        |

The actors who played on 'The Jeffersons' are: Damon Evans, Berlinda Tolbert, Sherman Hemsley, Isabel Sanford, Roxie Roker, Marla Gibbs, Franklin Cover, Paul Benedict, Mike Evans, and Jay Hammer.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who played on the jeffersons?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what state did thomas jefferson live in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07cbs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07cbs fb:people.person.places_lived ?y .
  ?y fb:people.place_lived.location ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.0kpys4 .
}

Using entities:
Thomas Jefferson (fb:m.07cbs): Thomas Jefferson was an American Founding Father, the principal ...lutions, which attempted to nullify the Alien and Sedition Acts., has type US President
US State (fb:m.0kpys4): A US State is one of the fifty sub-national entitites comprising... of America. Each state has its own capital city and government.

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Places lived (fb:people.person.places_lived): links to type Place lived, part of Person schema
Location (fb:people.place_lived.location): part of Place lived schema, links to type Location

Example 2:
Question:
who did michael jackson play in the wiz?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.027fwmt ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.027fwmt fb:film.film.starring ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.character ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor fb:m.09889g .
}

Using entities:
The Wiz (fb:m.027fwmt): The Wiz is a 1978 American musical adventure film produced in co...aptation of Charlie Smalls and Luther Vandross's songs for film., has type Award-Winning Work
Michael Jackson, also known as Mike, Applehead, MJ, Smelly, Space Michael (fb:m.09889g): Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an ...l Francis Admire Michael Jackson As His Best. Videos such as ..., Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, recor...1990s, as well as forging a reputation as a touring solo artist., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Performances (fb:film.film.starring): links to type Film performance, part of Film schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character

Example 3:
Question:
who did michael jackson play in the wiz?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.09889g ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.09889g fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.character ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film fb:m.027fwmt .
}

Using entities:
The Wiz (fb:m.027fwmt): The Wiz is a 1978 American musical adventure film produced in co...aptation of Charlie Smalls and Luther Vandross's songs for film., has type Award-Winning Work
Michael Jackson, also known as Mike, Applehead, MJ, Smelly, Space Michael (fb:m.09889g): Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an ...l Francis Admire Michael Jackson As His Best. Videos such as ..., Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, recor...1990s, as well as forging a reputation as a touring solo artist., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the SPARQL queries are structured around finding the actors or characters in a specific film or TV show. Let's start by searching for the entity "The Jeffersons" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Jeffersons (fb:m.02f8jf): The Jeffersons is an American sitcom that was broadcast on CBS f..." were used occasionally, especially during the earlier seasons., has type TV Program
2. The Jeffersons (fb:m.09rp21): All the children of South Park are attracted to Mr. Jefferson, h...esent him for being black and wealthy and decide bring him down., "The Jeffersons" is episode 117 of the Comedy Central animated series South Park. It was originally broadcast on April 21, 2004., has type TV Episode
3. The Jeffersons, also known as The Jeffersons (Movin’ on Up), The Jeffersons (Movin' On Up) (feat. Ja'net DuBois) (fb:m.0zytgm): has type Musical Recording
4. The Jeffersons (fb:m.05dgnpc): Thurgood runs for a local political after finding out he might be related to Thomas Jefferson., has type TV Episode
5. The Jeffersons Theme (fb:m.0dq0j4x): has type Musical Recording
6. The Jeffersons (fb:m.080rdnc): has type Book Edition
7. The Jeffersons (fb:m.06tlgms): has type Book
8. The Jeffersons (fb:m.0x1rjc1): has type Musical Recording
9. The Jeffersons (fb:m.0ghmnrv): has type TV Episode
10. The Jeffersons (fb:m.07kwc6h): has type TV Episode

[Assistant] The first result, "The Jeffersons (fb:m.02f8jf)", seems to be the correct entity for the TV show "The Jeffersons". Next, let's look at the properties associated with this entity to understand how actors are linked to the show.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
3. Currently in production (fb:tv.tv_program.currently_in_production): part of TV Program schema, links to type Boolean
4. Genre (fb:tv.tv_program.genre): part of TV Program schema, links to type TV Genre
5. Awards Won (fb:award.award_winning_work.awards_won): part of Award-Winning Work schema, links to type Award Honor
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Original network (fb:tv.tv_program.original_network): links to type TV Program Duration At Network, part of TV Program schema
8. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
9. TV Producer (fb:tv.tv_program.tv_producer): links to type TV Producer term, part of TV Program schema
10. Filming locations (fb:tv.tv_program.filming_locations): links to type TV Location, part of TV Program schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast)" seems to be the most relevant for finding the actors who played regular roles on "The Jeffersons". Let's use this property in a SPARQL query to retrieve the actors.

### Step 3: Build and Execute the SPARQL Query

We will start with a simple query to retrieve the actors:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.02f8jf fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_performance.actor ?actor .
}
```

This query will retrieve the actors who had regular performances on "The Jeffersons".

Let's execute this query.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant]
It seems that the initial query did not return any results. This could be due to the property or the way the data is structured in Freebase. Let's try another approach by looking at the properties of the performances directly to see if there are any other relevant properties that might link to the actors.

### Step 4: Explore Properties of Performances

Let's list the triples for the performances of "The Jeffersons" to see if there are any other properties that might link to the actors.

```sparql
SELECT ?performance ?property ?value WHERE {
  fb:m.02f8jf fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance ?property ?value .
}
LIMIT 10
```

This query will give us more insight into the structure of the data.

Let's execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| performance  | property                                          | value                                                |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.03lkkdh | Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor)         | Marla Gibbs (fb:m.03zwg4)                            |
| fb:m.03lkkdh | Series (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series)       | The Jeffersons (fb:m.02f8jf)                         |
| fb:m.03lkkdh | Type (fb:type.object.type)                        | TV Regular Performance (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance) |
| fb:m.03lkkdh | rdf:type                                          | TV Regular Performance (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance) |
| fb:m.03lkkdn | Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor)         | Franklin Cover (fb:m.06b_nc)                         |
| fb:m.03lkkdn | Series (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series)       | The Jeffersons (fb:m.02f8jf)                         |
| fb:m.03lkkdn | Type (fb:type.object.type)                        | TV Regular Performance (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance) |
| fb:m.03lkkdn | rdf:type                                          | TV Regular Performance (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance) |
| fb:m.03lkkdt | Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor)         | Paul Benedict (fb:m.0c6b4y)                          |
| fb:m.03lkkdt | Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character) | Harry Bentley (fb:m.02x2b2z)                         |

[Assistant]
The results show that the property `Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor)` is used to link the performances to the actors. This confirms that we should use this property to retrieve the actors who played on "The Jeffersons".

Let's update our SPARQL query to use this property:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.02f8jf fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
}
```

This query should now correctly retrieve the actors who had regular performances on "The Jeffersons".

Let's execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| actor                           |
| ------------------------------- |
| Damon Evans (fb:m.0279gxy)      |
| Berlinda Tolbert (fb:m.0279gyz) |
| Sherman Hemsley (fb:m.02_yyp)   |
| Isabel Sanford (fb:m.02_z06)    |
| Roxie Roker (fb:m.03h436)       |
| ...                             |
| Marla Gibbs (fb:m.03zwg4)       |
| Franklin Cover (fb:m.06b_nc)    |
| Paul Benedict (fb:m.0c6b4y)     |
| Mike Evans (fb:m.0clm34)        |
| Jay Hammer (fb:m.0gydmc)        |

[Assistant]
The query has successfully returned the actors who played regular roles on "The Jeffersons". Here are the actors:

- Damon Evans (fb:m.0279gxy)
- Berlinda Tolbert (fb:m.0279gyz)
- Sherman Hemsley (fb:m.02_yyp)
- Isabel Sanford (fb:m.02_z06)
- Roxie Roker (fb:m.03h436)
- Marla Gibbs (fb:m.03zwg4)
- Franklin Cover (fb:m.06b_nc)
- Paul Benedict (fb:m.0c6b4y)
- Mike Evans (fb:m.0clm34)
- Jay Hammer (fb:m.0gydmc)

I will now provide the final SPARQL query and the answer to the user's question.

### Final Answer

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.02f8jf fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
}
```

The actors who played on "The Jeffersons" are:
- Damon Evans
- Berlinda Tolbert
- Sherman Hemsley
- Isabel Sanford
- Roxie Roker
- Marla Gibbs
- Franklin Cover
- Paul Benedict
- Mike Evans
- Jay Hammer

Let's finalize this with the `answer` function.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-formed and returns the correct set of actors who played on 'The Jeffersons'. The query adheres to the rules and guidelines provided, and the results match the expected output.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h3tp ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h3tp fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death ?x .
  ?x fb:people.cause_of_death.parent_cause_of_death fb:m.0qcr0 .
}

Pancreatic cancer

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what cancer did patrick swayze?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what type of cancer did patrick swayze die from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h3tp ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h3tp fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death ?x .
  ?x fb:people.cause_of_death.parent_cause_of_death fb:m.0qcr0 .
}

Using entities:
Patrick Swayze, also known as Buddy, Patrick Wayne Swayze (fb:m.02h3tp): Patrick Wayne Swayze was an American actor, dancer, and singer-s...was named by People magazine as its "Sexiest Man Alive" in 1991., has type Film actor
Cancer, also known as Malignant neoplasm (fb:m.0qcr0): Cancer /ˈkænsər/, also known as a malignant tumor or malignant n...y many such genetic changes are required before cancer develops., Malignant Neoplasm is a tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, o...n and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas., has type Disease or medical condition

Using properties:
Parent cause of death (fb:people.cause_of_death.parent_cause_of_death): part of Cause Of Death schema, links to type Cause Of Death
Cause of death (fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Cause Of Death

Example 2:
Question:
what films did patrick swayze star in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h3tp ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h3tp fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
}

Using entities:
Patrick Swayze, also known as Buddy, Patrick Wayne Swayze (fb:m.02h3tp): Patrick Wayne Swayze was an American actor, dancer, and singer-s...was named by People magazine as its "Sexiest Man Alive" in 1991., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
what did patrick swayze sing?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h3tp ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h3tp fb:music.artist.track ?x .
}

Using entities:
Patrick Swayze, also known as Buddy, Patrick Wayne Swayze (fb:m.02h3tp): Patrick Wayne Swayze was an American actor, dancer, and singer-s...was named by People magazine as its "Sexiest Man Alive" in 1991., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Recordings (fb:music.artist.track): links to type Musical Recording, part of Musical Artist schema

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the first example is the most relevant to our question. It provides a SPARQL query that retrieves the specific type of cancer that Patrick Swayze died from. Let's run this query to get the answer.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| x                               |
| ------------------------------- |
| Pancreatic cancer (fb:m.01_qc_) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned the answer that Patrick Swayze had pancreatic cancer.

Let's confirm this by checking the label of the entity `fb:m.01_qc_` to ensure it indeed represents "Pancreatic cancer".

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label                  |
| ---------------------- |
| Pancreatic cancer (en) |

[Assistant]
The label of the entity `fb:m.01_qc_` is "Pancreatic cancer", confirming that Patrick Swayze had pancreatic cancer.

Therefore, the answer to the question "What cancer did Patrick Swayze have?" is:

**Pancreatic cancer**

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h3tp )
  FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) )
  fb:m.02h3tp fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death ?x .
  ?x fb:people.cause_of_death.parent_cause_of_death fb:m.0qcr0 .
}
```

And the answer is:

**Pancreatic cancer**

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the cause of death for Patrick Swayze as pancreatic cancer. The query is well-structured and returns the expected result. No further refinements are necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?work ?date WHERE {
  fb:m.01v9724 fb:book.author.works_written ?work .
  ?work fb:book.written_work.date_of_first_publication ?date
}
ORDER BY ASC ( ?date )
LIMIT 1

The first book Charles Dickens wrote was 'Sketches by Boz,' published in 1836.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was the first book charles dickens wrote?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what did charles dickens writer?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01v9724 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01v9724 fb:book.author.works_written ?x .
}

Using entities:
Charles Dickens, also known as Dickens Charles, C. Dickens, Dickens, Charles John Huffham Dickens, Charles John Huffam Dickens (fb:m.01v9724): Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English writer and social cri...s humour, satire, and keen observation of character and society., has type Author

Using properties:
Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema

Example 2:
Question:
what did charles dickens writer?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01v9724 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01v9724 fb:book.author.book_editions_published ?x .
}

Using entities:
Charles Dickens, also known as Dickens Charles, C. Dickens, Dickens, Charles John Huffham Dickens, Charles John Huffam Dickens (fb:m.01v9724): Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English writer and social cri...s humour, satire, and keen observation of character and society., has type Author

Using properties:
Book editions published (fb:book.author.book_editions_published): links to type Book Edition, part of Author schema

Example 3:
Question:
what writers influenced charles dickens?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01v9724 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01v9724 fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by ?x .
}

Using entities:
Charles Dickens, also known as Dickens Charles, C. Dickens, Dickens, Charles John Huffham Dickens, Charles John Huffam Dickens (fb:m.01v9724): Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English writer and social cri...s humour, satire, and keen observation of character and society., has type Author

Using properties:
Influenced By (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node

[Assistant] From the examples, we see that the entity for Charles Dickens is `fb:m.01v9724`. We also see that the property `fb:book.author.works_written` is used to link Charles Dickens to his works. However, this property does not specify the order in which the books were written. We need to find a property that indicates the publication date of the books. Let's search for such a property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Book editions published (fb:book.author.book_editions_published): links to type Book Edition, part of Author schema
2. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema
3. Date of death (fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
5. Works edited (fb:book.author.works_edited): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema
6. Is reviewed (fb:freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed): part of Value Notation schema, links to type Property
7. Works Written About This Topic (fb:book.book_subject.works): part of Literature Subject schema, links to type Written Work
8. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
9. Series Written (or Contributed To) (fb:book.author.series_written_or_contributed_to): links to type Literary Series, part of Author schema
10. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key

No other items found

[Assistant] None of the properties listed directly indicate the publication date of the books. However, we can try to use the `fb:book.author.works_written` property to list all the works written by Charles Dickens and then filter the results to find the earliest publication date. Let's start by listing all the works written by Charles Dickens.

[Tool]
Got 345 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                               |
| -------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:g.11_pl4r_b                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pdpb0                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pp6r4                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pr8d7                                     |
| fb:g.11vj7g90q                                     |
| ...                                                |
| A Christmas Carol with Simon Callow (fb:m.0n4k74s) |
| Jenny Wren (fb:m.0n5f252)                          |
| The Trial for Murder (fb:m.0v05z6j)                |
| fb:m.0y5pm1n                                       |
| fb:m.0y5pyg4                                       |

[Assistant] We have a list of works written by Charles Dickens. Now, we need to find out the publication dates of these works. We can use the `fb:book.book.publication_date` property to get the publication dates. Let's modify the query to include the publication dates and sort the results by the earliest date.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] It seems that the property `fb:book.book.publication_date` does not return any results for the works of Charles Dickens. Let's try another approach. We can look for a property that might be used to indicate the publication date of the works. We can search for the property `publication date` again, but this time without constraining it to Charles Dickens, to see if there are any other relevant properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Publication Date (fb:base.birdwatching.checklist.publication_date): part of Checklist schema, links to type Date/Time
2. Publication date (fb:base.bioventurist.patent.publication_date): links to type Date/Time, part of Patent schema
3. Publication Date (fb:user.yuheerov.blogging.blog_entry.date): part of Blog entry schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Publication Date (fb:user.masouras.rss.post.publication_date): links to type Date/Time, part of Post schema
5. Publication Date (fb:user.thalendar.default_domain.roleplaying_game_product_edition.publication_date): part of Roleplaying Game Product Edition schema, links to type Date/Time
6. Publication Date (fb:base.nuclearregulatorycommission.inspection_report.publication_date): part of Inspection Report schema, links to type Date/Time
7. publication date (fb:base.bookpf.book_edition.publication_date): part of book_edition schema, links to type Date/Time
8. Publication Date (fb:user.dubble.default_domain.news_item.publication_date): part of News Item schema, links to type Date/Time
9. Publication date (fb:book.book_edition.publication_date): part of Book Edition schema, links to type Date/Time
10. Date of Publication (fb:base.dimenovels.dime_novel_issue.date_of_publication): part of Dime Novel Issue schema, links to type Text

[Assistant] From the search results, the property `fb:book.book_edition.publication_date` seems to be the most relevant for our purpose. Let's try using this property to get the publication dates of the works written by Charles Dickens and sort them to find the earliest one.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
It appears that the property `fb:book.book_edition.publication_date` also does not return any results for the works of Charles Dickens. Given that we have tried multiple approaches and still haven't found the publication dates, it's possible that the data for the publication dates of Charles Dickens' works is not available in Freebase.

Since we have exhausted the available properties and still haven't found the publication dates, I will provide the best attempt at a SPARQL query and explain why it didn't yield the desired results.

Here is the best attempt at the SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?work ?date WHERE {
  fb:m.01v9724 fb:book.author.works_written ?work .
  ?work fb:book.book_edition.publication_date ?date
} ORDER BY ASC(?date) LIMIT 1
```

This query attempts to find the earliest publication date of the works written by Charles Dickens, but it returns no results because the publication dates are not available in the Freebase dataset.

I will now provide the final answer and explanation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The system's explanation makes sense, but let's try a different approach. Instead of looking for the publication date, we can look for the earliest work associated with Charles Dickens. We can achieve this by finding all the works he wrote and then ordering them by their creation date or first appearance, if such information is available.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. Let's try a different approach by looking for the earliest work associated with Charles Dickens. We can achieve this by finding all the works he wrote and then ordering them by their creation date or first appearance, if such information is available.

First, let's list all the works written by Charles Dickens and see if there is any property that indicates the creation date or first appearance of these works.

[Tool]
Got 345 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                               |
| -------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:g.11_pl4r_b                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pdpb0                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pp6r4                                     |
| fb:g.11r_pr8d7                                     |
| fb:g.11vj7g90q                                     |
| ...                                                |
| A Christmas Carol with Simon Callow (fb:m.0n4k74s) |
| Jenny Wren (fb:m.0n5f252)                          |
| The Trial for Murder (fb:m.0v05z6j)                |
| fb:m.0y5pm1n                                       |
| fb:m.0y5pyg4                                       |

[Assistant]
We have a list of works written by Charles Dickens. Now, let's search for properties that might indicate the creation date or first appearance of these works. We can search for properties like "creation date," "first appearance," or "initial publication."

Let's start by searching for these properties.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Creation date (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_object.creation_date): links to type Fictional Date/Time, part of Fictional Object schema
2. Creation Date (fb:computer.file_format.creation_date): part of File Format schema, links to type Date/Time
3. Creation Date (fb:common.image.creation_date): links to type Date/Time, part of Image schema
4. Date Founded (fb:base.iceandfire.noble_house.date_founded): part of Noble House schema, links to type Date/Time
5. Date founded (fb:user.dharmatech.default_domain.political_organization.date_founded): part of Political organization schema, links to type Date/Time
6. Date founded (fb:base.educationalshortfilm.studios_and_companies.date_founded): part of Studios and Companies schema, links to type Date/Time
7. Date founded (fb:freebase.apps.hosts.com.freebaseapps.topics.company.date_founded): links to type Date/Time, part of Company schema
8. Date founded (fb:film.film_festival.date_founded): part of Film festival schema, links to type Date/Time
9. Date Founded (fb:base.dance.dance_company.date_founded): part of Dance Company schema, links to type Date/Time
10. Date founded (fb:education.department.date_founded): part of Department schema, links to type Date/Time

[Assistant] The search for "creation date" did not yield any properties that are directly related to books or literary works. Let's try searching for "first appearance" or "initial publication" to see if we can find a more relevant property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. First appearance (fb:base.saturdaynightlive.snl_fiver_timer.first_appearance): part of SNL five timer schema, links to type SNL episode
2. First Appearance (fb:comic_books.comic_book_character.first_appearance): part of Comic Book Character schema, links to type Comic Book Issue
3. 1st appearance (fb:base.gratefuldead.iconic_grateful_dead_art.x1st_appearance): part of Iconic Grateful Dead art schema, links to type Text
4. First appeared (fb:base.internetmemes.internet_meme.first_appeared): part of Internet meme schema, links to type Date/Time
5. First Comic Appearance (fb:base.questionable.qc_character.first_appeared): part of Questionable Content Character schema, links to type Integer
6. Debut (fb:cricket.cricket_player_stats.debut): part of Cricket Player Stats schema, links to type Cricket Player Debut
7. Debut (fb:base.advertisingcharacters.advertising_character.debut): part of Advertising character schema, links to type Date/Time
8. Debut (fb:base.page3girls.page_three_girl.debut): part of Page Three Girl schema, links to type Date/Time
9. First TV appearance (fb:tv.tv_character.first_tv_appearance): part of TV Character schema, links to type TV Episode
10. First appears in work(s) (fb:base.argumentmaps.original_idea.first_appears_in_work): links to type Innovative work, part of Original idea schema

[Assistant] The search for "first appearance" also did not yield any properties that are directly related to books or literary works. Let's try searching for "initial publication" to see if we can find a more relevant property.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. First published (fb:user.hailey2009.default_domain.golden_books.first_published): part of Golden Books schema, links to type Date/Time
2. Start of publication (fb:user.moonhouse.default_domain.reference_rate.start_of_publication): part of Reference rate schema, links to type Date/Time
3. Date Of First Publication (fb:user.moonhouse.default_domain.periodical.founded): part of Periodical schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Date of first publication (fb:book.written_work.date_of_first_publication): part of Written Work schema, links to type Date/Time
5. First Issue (fb:comic_books.comic_book_series.first_issue): part of Comic Book Series schema, links to type Comic Book Issue
6. First edition (fb:book.book.first_edition): links to type Book Edition, part of Book schema
7. Published when (fb:user.klotzandi.default_domain.wallcalendar.published_when): part of Wallcalendar schema, links to type Date/Time
8. Journal publication (fb:book.journal_article.journal_publication): links to type Journal publication, part of Journal article schema
9. Published (fb:common.document.published): links to type Date/Time, part of Document schema
10. Published (fb:freebase.type_profile.published): part of Type Profile schema, links to type Type Status

[Assistant]
The search for "initial publication" yielded a relevant property: `fb:book.written_work.date_of_first_publication`. This property links to the date of the first publication of a written work, which is exactly what we need.

Let's use this property to find the earliest work written by Charles Dickens and its publication date.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| work                          | date             |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Sketches by Boz (fb:m.01_wr2) | 1836 (xsd:gYear) |

[Assistant]
The earliest work written by Charles Dickens, according to the Freebase dataset, is "Sketches by Boz," which was first published in 1836.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT ?work ?date WHERE {
  fb:m.01v9724 fb:book.author.works_written ?work .
  ?work fb:book.written_work.date_of_first_publication ?date
} ORDER BY ASC(?date) LIMIT 1
```

The first book Charles Dickens wrote was "Sketches by Boz," published in 1836.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-constructed and returns the correct answer. It correctly identifies the first book written by Charles Dickens based on the earliest date of first publication. The query follows all the rules and guidelines for SPARQL queries.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language WHERE {
  fb:m.01mjq fb:location.country.official_language ?language .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| language                    |
| --------------------------- |
| Czech Language (fb:m.01wgr) |

The official language spoken in the Czech Republic is the Czech Language.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is spoken in czech republic?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what do people in the czech republic speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01mjq ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01mjq fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Czech Republic, also known as Bohemia (fb:m.01mjq): The Czech Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe bo...ized mainly by the emperor and princes of the Holy Roman Empire., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
what do people in the czech republic speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01mjq ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01mjq fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
Czech Republic, also known as Bohemia (fb:m.01mjq): The Czech Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe bo...ized mainly by the emperor and princes of the Holy Roman Empire., has type Country

Using properties:
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
what language do people in czech republic speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01mjq ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01mjq fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Czech Republic, also known as Bohemia (fb:m.01mjq): The Czech Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe bo...ized mainly by the emperor and princes of the Holy Roman Empire., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the Czech Republic is represented by the entity `fb:m.01mjq` and the official language is linked through the property `fb:location.country.official_language`. Let's construct a SPARQL query using these elements.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| language                    |
| --------------------------- |
| Czech Language (fb:m.01wgr) |

[Assistant]
The official language spoken in the Czech Republic is the Czech Language.

Let's finalize the answer:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies the official language of the Czech Republic, which is the Czech Language. No further refinements are necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?placeOfBirth WHERE {
  fb:m.04s9n fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?placeOfBirth .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| placeOfBirth       |
| ------------------ |
| Mecca (fb:m.058wp) |

Mecca

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where was the prophet mohammed from?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what country was jesus born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  fb:m.045m1_ fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?y .
  ?y fb:location.location.containedby ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
}

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Jesus Christ, also known as Yeshua, Jesus, son of Mary, Jesus of Nazareth, Jesus Christ, Son of God, Son of Mary, Jesus (fb:m.045m1_): Jesus, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth, is the central fig...ted as "AD" or sometimes as "CE" is based on the birth of Jesus., has type Deity

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
what country was bin laden from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.05mg9 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.05mg9 fb:people.person.nationality ?x .
}

Using entities:
Osama bin Laden, also known as Sheik al-Mujahid, The Director, The Emir, The Jihadist Sheik, The Prince (fb:m.05mg9): Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden was the founder of al-Qaed...ted States, initiating a series of bombings and related attacks., has type Organization leader

Using properties:
Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country

Example 3:
Question:
who was the first wife of prophet muhammad?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04s9n ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04s9n fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.type_of_union fb:m.04ztj .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Muhammad in Islam, also known as Mohammed, Mahomet, Muhammad, Muhammad, Muḥammad, Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh, Muhammad in Islam (fb:m.04s9n): Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim, in shor...ed a model of the life-style that Muslims are obliged to follow., Muhammad, full name Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAb...s visited by Gabriel and received his first revelation from God., has type Military Commander
Marriage, also known as Matrimony, Wedlock (fb:m.04ztj): Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or rit...of concerns for women's rights and because of international law., has type Religious Practice

Using properties:
From (fb:people.marriage.from): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
Type of union (fb:people.marriage.type_of_union): links to type Marriage/union type, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we can see that the place of birth or origin of a person can be found using the property `fb:people.person.place_of_birth`. Let's search for the entity "Prophet Mohammed" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Mohammed, the Arabian prophet (fb:m.069v7k3): has type Book
2. Mohammed, sceau des prophètes (fb:m.06t_s0r): has type Book
3. Mohammed. Die Geschichte des Propheten (fb:m.06m2f5r): has type Book
4. Mohammed; prophet of the religion of Islam (fb:m.06m2f60): has type Book
5. Prophet, also known as Soothsayer (fb:m.066dv): In religion, a prophet is an individual who is claimed to have b...who suggest escalating crisis are often called prophets of doom., has type Fictional job title
6. Mohammed Fairouz, also known as Fairouz, Mohammed (fb:m.0glrqj4): Mohammed Fairouz is an American composer. He is one of the most ...h, Gyorgy Ligeti and John Heiss. Fairouz lives in New York City., has type Composer
7. Family name, also known as Prophit, Prophet, Prophat, Profitt, Profit (fb:m.02xk2): Before the first dictionaries appeared in the last few hundred y... of Britain to determine the rate of taxation of their subjects., has type Family name
8. Prophet (fb:m.03f5byv): has type Musical Group
9. Raja Mohammed, also known as Raja Mohammad, Raja Mohammed, Raja, Mohammed (fb:m.0s9dqsg): Raja Mohammad is a film editor., Raja Mohammed is a film editor., has type Award Winner
10. Prophet, also known as Yogensha (Prophet) (fb:m.0f329j3): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] It seems that the entity "Prophet Mohammed" is not directly listed in the top 10 results. However, the closest match appears to be "Mohammed; prophet of the religion of Islam" (fb:m.06m2f60). Let's confirm this and check if it has the property `fb:people.person.place_of_birth`.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] It looks like the entity "Mohammed; prophet of the religion of Islam" (fb:m.06m2f60) does not have the `fb:people.person.place_of_birth` property. Let's try another approach by searching for the entity "Muhammad" and checking if it has the place of birth property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Muhammad in Islam, also known as Mohammed, Mahomet, Muhammad, Muhammad, Muḥammad, Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh, Muhammad in Islam (fb:m.04s9n): Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim, in shor...ed a model of the life-style that Muslims are obliged to follow., Muhammad, full name Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAb...s visited by Gabriel and received his first revelation from God., has type Military Commander
2. Alp Arslan, also known as Alp Arslan ibn Chaghri-Beg ibn Mikail ibn Seljuq ibn Duqaq, Muhammad, Diya ad-Din, Adud ad-Dawlah, Abu Shuja (fb:m.0kdl): Alp Arslan was the second Sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-...ained the name Alp Arslan, which means "Heroic Lion" in Turkish., has type Noble person
3. Prophets in Islam, also known as Muhammad (fb:m.024b22): has type Belief
4. Muhammad, also known as Surat Muhammad (fb:m.04vlym): Surat Muhammad is the 47th sura of the Qur'an with 38 ayat. The ...dr took place during Ramadan, in year 2 of the Islamic calendar.
5. Muhammad (fb:m.012fjwq7): Muhammad: The Messenger of God is an upcoming 2015 Iranian film ... by Vittorio Storaro and film score is composed by A. R. Rahman., has type Film
6. Muhammad, also known as Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (fb:m.04wdb8g): Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources is an award-win... 1983 biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad by Martin Lings., has type Book
7. Muhammad (fb:m.08p_zw6): has type Book Edition
8. Muhammad, also known as Mohammad of Tabaristan (fb:m.0_fpvzp): Muhammad of Tabaristan was the ruler of the Bavand dynasty from ...1271. He was the son and successor of Ardashir II of Tabaristan., has type Monarch
9. Muhammad (fb:m.0264__l)
10. Muhammad: The Messenger of God, also known as Muhammad (fb:m.08wxhk): Muhammad, The Messenger of God is a book about Islam written by Betty Kelen., has type Book

[Assistant] The entity "Muhammad in Islam" (fb:m.04s9n) seems to be the most relevant match for the Prophet Muhammad. Let's check if this entity has the `fb:people.person.place_of_birth` property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                        | property                                         | object             |
| ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------ |
| Muhammad in Islam (fb:m.04s9n) | Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth) | Mecca (fb:m.058wp) |

[Assistant]
The entity "Muhammad in Islam" (fb:m.04s9n) has the `fb:people.person.place_of_birth` property, and the place of birth is Mecca (fb:m.058wp).

Now, let's construct a SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

```sparql
SELECT ?placeOfBirth WHERE {
  fb:m.04s9n fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?placeOfBirth .
}
```

Let's execute this query to confirm the result.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| placeOfBirth       |
| ------------------ |
| Mecca (fb:m.058wp) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query confirms that the place of birth of the Prophet Muhammad is Mecca (fb:m.058wp).

Therefore, the answer to the question "Where was the Prophet Muhammad from?" is:

**Mecca**

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT ?placeOfBirth WHERE {
  fb:m.04s9n fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?placeOfBirth .
}
```

And the answer:

**Mecca**

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies the place of birth of Prophet Muhammad as Mecca, which is the expected answer.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?parent WHERE {
  fb:m.02vntj fb:people.person.parents ?parent
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| parent                                |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Gerald Hathaway (fb:m.07ylp26)        |
| Kate McCauley Hathaway (fb:m.07ylp2d) |

Gerald Hathaway and Kate McCauley Hathaway

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who is anne hathaway parents?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where was anne hathaway born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02vntj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02vntj fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Anne Hathaway, also known as Anne Jacqueline Hathaway, Enn Kheteuey, Annie, Ann Hathaway, Anne Whitney Hathaway (fb:m.02vntj): Anne Jacqueline Hathaway is an American actress, singer, and pro...he Dark Knight Rises and Fantine in Tom Hooper's Les Misérables., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
who is john cabot's parents?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.040t9 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.040t9 fb:people.person.parents ?x .
}

Using entities:
John Cabot (fb:m.040t9): John Cabot was an Italian navigator and explorer whose 1497 disc...conclusion that the landing was at Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland., has type Deceased Person

Using properties:
Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person

Example 3:
Question:
who is kristen stewart parents?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07swvb ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07swvb fb:people.person.parents ?x .
}

Using entities:
Kristen Stewart, also known as Stew, KStew, Kristen Jaymes Stewart, Kris, Ki Ki (fb:m.07swvb): Kristen Jaymes Stewart (born April 9, 1990) is an American actre... 9
 RFID Accessory
 http://www.jinmuyu.com.cn/english/index.html, Kristen Jaymes Stewart is an American actress, known for playing... for her role opposite Juliette Binoche in Clouds of Sils Maria., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we can see that the property `fb:people.person.parents` is used to find the parents of a person. Let's first identify the entity for Anne Hathaway.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Anne Hathaway, also known as Anne Jacqueline Hathaway, Enn Kheteuey, Annie, Ann Hathaway, Anne Whitney Hathaway (fb:m.02vntj): Anne Jacqueline Hathaway is an American actress, singer, and pro...he Dark Knight Rises and Fantine in Tom Hooper's Les Misérables., has type Celebrity
2. Anne Hathaway, also known as Ann Hathaway (fb:m.03mzbg): Anne Hathaway was the wife of William Shakespeare, the English p... subject of much speculation by historians and creative writers., has type Deceased Person
3. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.05ngh3d): Three people die in an attempt to get a jump on their holiday sh...on's mouthpiece, and Anne Hathaway vows to become a train wreck., has type TV Episode
4. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.0j946gh): One of the sweetest stars in Hollywood, ANNE HATHAWAY, is here t...he very first time to perform her hit song, "Dancing on My Own.", One of the sweetest stars in Hollywood, ANNE HATHAWAY, is here t...p star. She's here to perform her hit song, "Dancing on My Own.", has type TV Episode
5. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.0kb0jh6): Warren Buffett enters the "class warfare" fray, Fitch downgrades...rsey's credit rating, and Anne Hathaway talks Scrabble strategy., has type TV Episode
6. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.0jgxn99): Actress Anne Hathaway on her movie The Dark Knight Rises; Round ...ion with comics Greg Proops, Heather McDonald, and Ross Mathews., has type TV Episode
7. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.07kcjnv): has type TV Episode
8. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.07mls9g): has type TV Episode
9. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.0wfdz3f): America temporarily avoids the Fiscal Cliff, House Republicans v...kage, and Anne Hathaway divulges the ending to "Les Miserables"., has type TV Episode
10. Anne Hathaway (fb:m.04_11dq): "Anne Hathaway" is a poem by Carol Ann Duffy about Anne Hathaway...sket of my widow's head/ as he held me upon that next best bed".

[Assistant] The correct entity for Anne Hathaway, the actress, is `fb:m.02vntj`. Now, let's use the property `fb:people.person.parents` to find her parents.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| parent                                |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Gerald Hathaway (fb:m.07ylp26)        |
| Kate McCauley Hathaway (fb:m.07ylp2d) |

[Assistant]
The parents of Anne Hathaway are Gerald Hathaway and Kate McCauley Hathaway.

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?parent WHERE {
  fb:m.02vntj fb:people.person.parents ?parent
}
```

And the answer is:
- Gerald Hathaway
- Kate McCauley Hathaway

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query successfully retrieves the parents of Anne Hathaway from the Freebase knowledge graph.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?profession WHERE {
  fb:m.087k1_ fb:people.person.profession ?profession .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| profession           |
| -------------------- |
| Actor (fb:m.02hrh1q) |

Helen Flanagan is an actor.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what does helen flanagan do?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what did florence sabin do?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.033_w4 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.033_w4 fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Florence R. Sabin, also known as Dr. Florence R. Sabin, Florence Sabin (fb:m.033_w4): Florence Rena Sabin was an American medical scientist. She was a... in Colorado, and in 1951 received a Lasker Award for this work., has type Physician

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
what does annie leibovitz do?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.015m2c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.015m2c fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Annie Leibovitz, also known as Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz, Anna-Lou Leibovitz, Annie Leibowitz (fb:m.015m2c): Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz is an American portrait photographer., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

[Assistant] Based on the examples, it seems like we need to find Helen Flanagan's profession. Let's first search for Helen Flanagan in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Helen Flanagan, also known as Helen Daniella Flanagan (fb:m.087k1_): Helen Joyce Gabriel Flanagan is an English actress, model, and t...h candidate in the 2013 FHM 100 Sexiest Women in the World poll., has type TV Actor
2. Helen Flanagan (fb:m.0_z3nl7): Helen Flanagan is a cinematographer., has type Film cinematographer
3. Helen Flanagan (fb:m.0ygdbgn): Helen Flanagan is a fictional character from the 2011 film Butter., has type Film character
4. Helen Flanagan Pictures (fb:m.0c1_pkz)
5. Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn, Miles Jupp, TBA, also known as Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn, Miles Jupp, Alex Brooker (fb:m.0y5r68h): Jimmy Carr hosts the topical comedy panel show, with team captai...uests Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn. Alex Brooker and Miles Jupp., has type TV Episode
6. Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn, and Miles Jupp, also known as Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn, Miles Jupp, Alex Brooker (fb:m.0yldrqp): Extended version of the show guest staring Helen Flanagan, Henning Wehn, Miles Jupp and Alex Brooker., has type TV Episode
7. Helen, also known as H-Bomb, Queen of the Nautch Girls, Miss Helen, Helen Richardson Khan, Helen Richardson (fb:m.070c93): Helen Jairag Richardson is a Burma-born Indian film actress and ...s the second wife of Salim Khan, and step-mother of Salman Khan., has type Award Winner
8. Jon Flanagan, also known as Flanagan, Jonathon Patrick Flanagan (fb:m.0gkzb7h): Jonathon Patrick "Jon" Flanagan is an English professional footb...ion". This has led to fans dubbing Flanagan as "the Scouse Cafu", has type Football player
9. Helen, also known as White County / Helen city, Helen, Georgia (fb:m.0r_0f): Helen is a city in White County, Georgia, United States, along the Chattahoochee River. The population was 430 at the 2000 census., has type City/Town/Village
10. Flanagan, also known as Flanagan, Illinois, Livingston County / Flanagan village (fb:m.0sbmb): Flanagan is a village in Livingston County, Illinois, United Sta...ool and grade school are both located within the village limits., has type City/Town/Village

[Assistant] It looks like the first result is the correct Helen Flanagan. Now let's check her profession using the `people.person.profession` property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| profession           |
| -------------------- |
| Actor (fb:m.02hrh1q) |

[Assistant] Helen Flanagan is an actor. Let's confirm this with the final SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query successfully retrieves Helen Flanagan's profession from the Freebase knowledge graph, and the answer provided is accurate.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?placeOfBirth WHERE {
  fb:m.0261x8t fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?placeOfBirth .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| placeOfBirth               |
| -------------------------- |
| Los Angeles (fb:m.030qb3t) |

Kim Kardashian came from Los Angeles.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did kim kardashian come from?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who was kim kardashian's first husband?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0261x8t ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0261x8t fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.type_of_union fb:m.04ztj .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Kim Kardashian, also known as Kim, Kim West, Kimmie, Kim Kardashian-West, Kimberly Noel "Kim" Kardashian (fb:m.0261x8t): Kimberly "Kim" Kardashian West is an American television and soc...y television personality, with estimated earnings of $6 million., has type Celebrity
Marriage, also known as Matrimony, Wedlock (fb:m.04ztj): Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or rit...of concerns for women's rights and because of international law., has type Religious Practice

Using properties:
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
To (fb:people.marriage.to): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Type of union (fb:people.marriage.type_of_union): links to type Marriage/union type, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
where did rihanna come from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06mt91 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06mt91 fb:people.person.places_lived ?y .
  ?y fb:people.place_lived.location ?x .
}

Using entities:
Rihanna, also known as The Barbados Babe, Robyn Rihanna Fenty, Robyn Fenty, RiRi, New Queen of Pop (fb:m.06mt91): Robyn Rihanna Fenty, known professionally as Rihanna, is a Barba...ammy Awards, winning Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Umbrella"., has type Musical Artist

Using properties:
Places lived (fb:people.person.places_lived): links to type Place lived, part of Person schema
Location (fb:people.place_lived.location): part of Place lived schema, links to type Location

Example 3:
Question:
where did rihanna come from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06mt91 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06mt91 fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Rihanna, also known as The Barbados Babe, Robyn Rihanna Fenty, Robyn Fenty, RiRi, New Queen of Pop (fb:m.06mt91): Robyn Rihanna Fenty, known professionally as Rihanna, is a Barba...ammy Awards, winning Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Umbrella"., has type Musical Artist

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the place of origin of a person can be found using the property `fb:people.person.place_of_birth` or `fb:people.person.places_lived`. Let's first identify the entity for Kim Kardashian.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kim Kardashian, also known as Kim, Kim West, Kimmie, Kim Kardashian-West, Kimberly Noel "Kim" Kardashian (fb:m.0261x8t): Kimberly "Kim" Kardashian West is an American television and soc...y television personality, with estimated earnings of $6 million., has type Celebrity
2. Kim Kardashian, also known as Petite Ninja Warriors (fb:m.0745l_5): The models navigate their way through Los Angeles as they attend...e ladies to hang on wires. Model Jessica White is a guest judge., has type TV Episode
3. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.06xy8z0): John Caparulo, Jen Kirkman, Ross Mathews, has type TV Episode
4. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0gg_zfd): has type TV Episode
5. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0kc3ypk): has type TV Episode
6. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0g05d33): has type TV Episode
7. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.06y25xd): has type TV Episode
8. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0xtwmq5): has type Musical Recording
9. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0tm0357): has type Musical Recording
10. Kim Kardashian (fb:m.0_hgg8w): has type TV Episode

[Assistant] The correct entity for Kim Kardashian is `fb:m.0261x8t`. Now let's check if we can find her place of birth using the property `fb:people.person.place_of_birth`.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| placeOfBirth               |
| -------------------------- |
| Los Angeles (fb:m.030qb3t) |

[Assistant] The place of birth for Kim Kardashian is Los Angeles. To provide a more complete answer, let's also check if she has any other places she has lived using the property `fb:people.person.places_lived`.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| placeLived   |
| ------------ |
| fb:m.04hyfhv |
| fb:m.04hygqs |

[Assistant]
It seems that Kim Kardashian has lived in two different places, but the specific details are not immediately clear from the IRIs. We can further investigate these places to get more information. However, since the primary question is about where she came from, the place of birth is the most relevant answer.

Let's finalize the answer with the place of birth:

**Answer:** Kim Kardashian came from Los Angeles.

Now, let's provide the final SPARQL query and answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies the place of birth of Kim Kardashian, which is Los Angeles.