PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?degree WHERE {
  fb:m.0271_s fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.degree ?degree
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| degree                         |
| ------------------------------ |
| Juris Doctor (fb:m.013zdg)     |
| Bachelor of Arts (fb:m.014mlp) |
| MBA (fb:m.07s6fsf)             |

Mitt Romney has a Juris Doctor, a Bachelor of Arts, and an MBA.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what degrees does romney have?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what position does mitt romney hold?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0271_s ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0271_s fb:government.politician.government_positions_held ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mitt Romney, also known as Willard Mitt Romney (fb:m.0271_s): Willard Mitt Romney is an American businessman and politician wh...t firm that became one of the largest of its kind in the nation., has type Politician

Using properties:
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Government Position Held schema
Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held): links to type Government Position Held, part of Politician schema

Example 2:
Question:
what does obama have a degree in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02mjmr ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02mjmr fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.major_field_of_study ?x .
}

Using entities:
Barack Obama, also known as President Obama, President Barack Obama, President Barack Hussein Obama II, President Barack H. Obama, Obama (fb:m.02mjmr): Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the...mocratic Party primaries to receive the presidential nomination., Barack Hussein Obama II (/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born Augus...ting the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004., has type US President

Using properties:
Major/Field Of Study (fb:education.education.major_field_of_study): links to type Field of study, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
what type of business is mitt romney in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0271_s ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0271_s fb:business.board_member.leader_of ?y .
  ?y fb:organization.leadership.organization ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mitt Romney, also known as Willard Mitt Romney (fb:m.0271_s): Willard Mitt Romney is an American businessman and politician wh...t firm that became one of the largest of its kind in the nation., has type Politician

Using properties:
Leader of (fb:business.board_member.leader_of): links to type Organization leadership, part of Organization leader schema
Organization (fb:organization.leadership.organization): part of Organization leadership schema, links to type Organization

[Assistant]
From the examples, we can see that the second example is the most relevant to our question. It shows how to query for the education and degrees of a person. Let's use this as a starting point and adapt it to query for the degrees of Mitt Romney.

First, let's identify the entity for Mitt Romney.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Mitt Romney, also known as Willard Mitt Romney (fb:m.0271_s): Willard Mitt Romney is an American businessman and politician wh...t firm that became one of the largest of its kind in the nation., has type Politician
2. Mitt Romney (fb:m.06x8tlp): has type TV Episode
3. Mitt Romney (fb:m.059z03t)
4. Mitt Romney (fb:m.0_0yrlh): Mitt Romney is a fictional character from the 2008 TV program Saturday Night Live: Weekend Update Thursday., has type TV Character
5. Mitt Romney (fb:m.02crmpb)
6. Mitt Romney (fb:m.03sv2np)
7. Mitt Romney (fb:m.0k04ykc)
8. Mitt Romney, Ann Romney (fb:m.06y_lps): has type TV Episode
9. Mitt Romney, Mia Wasikowska, a T...n List presented by Evan Lysacek, also known as Mitt Romney, Mia Wasikowska (fb:m.0bgmnq5): Author Mitt Romney; actress Mia Wasikowska; figure skater Evan Lysacek presents the Top Ten list., has type TV Episode
10. Mitt Romney, Jay Mohr, Darius Rucker, also known as Mitt Romney, Darius Rucker (fb:m.0f_rr_6): has type TV Episode

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Mitt Romney is `fb:m.0271_s`. Now, let's look at the properties related to education for this entity.

We can use the property `fb:people.person.education` to find the educational institutions and degrees associated with Mitt Romney. We will then use the property `fb:education.education.degree` to get the specific degrees.

Let's construct the SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| degree                         |
| ------------------------------ |
| Juris Doctor (fb:m.013zdg)     |
| Bachelor of Arts (fb:m.014mlp) |
| MBA (fb:m.07s6fsf)             |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query successfully retrieved the degrees that Mitt Romney has. He holds a Juris Doctor, a Bachelor of Arts, and an MBA.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?degree WHERE {
  fb:m.0271_s fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.degree ?degree
}
```

Answer: Mitt Romney has a Juris Doctor, a Bachelor of Arts, and an MBA.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is well-formed and returns the correct degrees that Mitt Romney has obtained. The query adheres to the guidelines and the answer provided is accurate and complete.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?season ?seasonLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.012xdf fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards ?award .
  ?award fb:sports.sports_award.season ?season .
  ?award fb:sports.sports_award.award fb:m.02yqnh .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?season rdfs:label ?seasonLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?seasonLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Shaq entered the NBA in the 1992-93 season.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when did shaq come into the nba?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
when did shaq come to the nba?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.012xdf ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.012xdf fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_award.season ?x .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_award.award fb:m.02yqnh .
}

Using entities:
Shaquille O'Neal, also known as Shaquille O' Neal, Shaquille O’Neal, Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal, Superman, The Big Aristotle (fb:m.012xdf): Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal, nicknamed Shaq, is an American retired...ed for the Boston Celtics in the 2010–11 season before retiring., has type Celebrity
NBA Rookie of the Year Award, also known as Eddie Gottlieb Trophy (fb:m.02yqnh): The National Basketball Association's Rookie of the Year Award i...Ralph Sampson, David Robinson, Blake Griffin and Damian Lillard., has type Sports League Award Type

Using properties:
Award (fb:sports.sports_award.award): links to type Sports League Award Type, part of Sports League Award schema
Season (fb:sports.sports_award.season): links to type Sports League Season, part of Sports League Award schema
Awards (fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards): part of Sports League Award Winner schema, links to type Sports League Award

Example 2:
Question:
what team did shaq play for first?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.012xdf ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.012xdf fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team ?x .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Shaquille O'Neal, also known as Shaquille O' Neal, Shaquille O’Neal, Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal, Superman, The Big Aristotle (fb:m.012xdf): Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal, nicknamed Shaq, is an American retired...ed for the Boston Celtics in the 2010–11 season before retiring., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams): links to type Sports team roster, part of Athlete schema
From (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from): part of Sports team roster schema, links to type Date/Time
Team (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team): part of Sports team roster schema, links to type Sports Team

Example 3:
Question:
what year lebron james came to the nba?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01jz6d ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01jz6d fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_award.season ?x .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_award.award fb:m.02yqnh .
}

Using entities:
LeBron James, also known as The L-Train, King James, The Chosen One, LeBron Raymone James, Lebron James '#23' (fb:m.01jz6d): LeBron Raymone James is an American professional basketball play...r years and winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013., has type Basketball Player
NBA Rookie of the Year Award, also known as Eddie Gottlieb Trophy (fb:m.02yqnh): The National Basketball Association's Rookie of the Year Award i...Ralph Sampson, David Robinson, Blake Griffin and Damian Lillard., has type Sports League Award Type

Using properties:
Award (fb:sports.sports_award.award): links to type Sports League Award Type, part of Sports League Award schema
Season (fb:sports.sports_award.season): links to type Sports League Season, part of Sports League Award schema
Awards (fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards): part of Sports League Award Winner schema, links to type Sports League Award

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we can see that the relevant entity for Shaquille O'Neal is `fb:m.012xdf`, and the relevant award is `fb:m.02yqnh` (NBA Rookie of the Year Award). We can use the property `fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards` to link Shaquille O'Neal to his awards, and then use `fb:sports.sports_award.season` to get the season in which he won the award. Let's try this approach.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| season                           |
| -------------------------------- |
| 1992–93 NBA season (fb:m.08n6zb) |

[Assistant] The SPARQL query returned the 1992-93 NBA season as the time when Shaquille O'Neal entered the NBA. However, it would be more precise to return just the year. Let's modify the query to extract only the year from the season.

[Tool]
Failed to call function execute:
failed to parse input: parse error at position 16 for token YEAR with content 'YEAR' (the input most likely does not follow the grammar)

[Assistant]
It seems that the `YEAR` function is not supported in this SPARQL endpoint. Instead, we can extract the year from the label of the season. Let's try that approach.

First, let's check the label of the season to confirm the format.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| season                           | seasonLabel             |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| 1992–93 NBA season (fb:m.08n6zb) | 1992–93 NBA season (en) |

[Assistant]
The label of the season is "1992–93 NBA season". We can extract the year from this label. Let's modify the query to extract the year from the label.

We'll use the `STRBEFORE` and `STR` functions to extract the year from the label.

[Tool]
Failed to call function execute:
failed to parse input: parse error at position 16 for token STRBEFORE with content 'STRBEFORE' (the input most likely does not follow the grammar)

[Assistant]
It seems that the `STRBEFORE` function is also not supported in this SPARQL endpoint. Instead, we can use a different approach to extract the year from the label. We can use the `SUBSTR` function to extract the first four characters of the label, which should give us the year.

Let's try this approach.

[Tool]
Failed to call function execute:
failed to parse input: parse error at position 16 for token SUBSTR with content 'SUBSTR' (the input most likely does not follow the grammar)

[Assistant]
It appears that the `SUBSTR` function is also not supported in this SPARQL endpoint. Given these limitations, we can simply return the full label of the season and let the user interpret the year from it.

Let's finalize the query to return the season label.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query successfully identified the 1992-93 NBA season as the time when Shaquille O'Neal entered the NBA, which aligns with the fact that he won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award that season.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?county WHERE {
  fb:m.013nm2 fb:location.location.containedby ?county .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?county rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
  FILTER ( CONTAINS( ?label , 'County' ) )
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| county                      |
| --------------------------- |
| Wise County (fb:m.0mmy6)    |
| Russell County (fb:m.0mn3x) |

St. Paul, VA is in both Wise County and Russell County.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what county is st paul va in?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what county is the city of hampton va in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0mnsf ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0mnsf fb:location.hud_county_place.place ?x .
}

Using entities:
Hampton, also known as Hampton, Virginia, Hampton, VA, Hampton city / Hampton city, Hampton city (fb:m.0mnsf): Hampton is an independent city in Virginia. As of the 2010 censu...e Center. Hampton features many miles of waterfront and beaches., has type City/Town/Village

Using properties:
Place (fb:location.hud_county_place.place): part of HUD County Place schema, links to type Location

Example 2:
Question:
where was saint paul from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.060nc ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.060nc fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Paul the Apostle, also known as Paul the apostle, Saint Paul, Saul, Saul of Tarsus, St. Paul (fb:m.060nc): Paul the Apostle, originally known as Saul of Tarsus, was an apo...ately half of the book of Acts deals with Paul's life and works., has type Religious Leader

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
where is mount vernon virginia?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.010m5w ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.010m5w fb:location.location.containedby ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mount Vernon, also known as Fairfax County / Mount Vernon CDP, Mount Vernon Manor, Mount Vernon Manor, Virginia, Mount Vernon, Virginia (fb:m.010m5w): Mount Vernon is a census-designated place and unincorporated com...U.S. Route 1 to the north, and Little Hunting Creek to the east., has type US Census Designated Place

Using properties:
Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant] Based on the examples, it seems like we need to find the entity for St. Paul, VA and then look for the property that indicates the county it belongs to. Let's first search for the entity "St. Paul, VA".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. St. Paul Vacation, also known as Saint Paul Vacation (fb:m.011f24t): has type Musical Recording
2. St. Paul Vacation (fb:m.0lfkw_b)
3. Paul van der Sterren (fb:m.03c930c): Paul van der Sterren is a Dutch chess grandmaster. He won the Du...lopedia Fundamental Chess Openings, which was published in 2009., has type Chess Player
4. Stellan Olsson, also known as Paul Stellan Valter Olsson (fb:m.0dm3frl): Stellan Olsson is a Swedish film director. In 2012, his film Sve...om 1976 was voted one of the 25 best Swedish films of all times., Stellan Olsson is a film director and screenwriter., has type Film director
5. St. Paul's Hospital, also known as Saint Paul's Hospital, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver (fb:m.07s3d02): St. Paul's Hospital is an acute care hospital located in downtow...lso the home of the Pacific Adult Congenital Heart Disease unit., has type Location
6. Vampire (feat. Paul St. Hilaire) (fb:m.0dnzgr2): has type Musical Recording
7. Vampire (feat. Paul St. Hilaire) (fb:m.0fx7ld6): has type Musical Recording
8. St Paul's Pro-Cathedral, Valletta (fb:m.03rrwh3)
9. Vampire (feat. Paul St. Hilaire) (fb:m.0lxdm5v)
10. Vampire (feat. Paul St. Hilaire) (fb:m.0mmy9hp)

[Assistant] None of these entities seem to match "St. Paul, VA". Let's try searching for "St. Paul, Virginia" instead.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. St. Paul, also known as Saint Paul, Saint Paul, Virginia, St. Paul, Virginia (fb:m.013nm2): Saint Paul is a town in Russell and Wise counties in the U.S. state of Virginia. The population was 1,000 at the 2000 census., has type City/Town/Village
2. Saint Paul's College, also known as Saint Paul's College, St. Paul's Normal and Industrial School, St. Paul's College, Virginia, St. Paul's College, Lawrenceville, St. Paul's College (fb:m.06_xqj): Saint Paul's College was a private, historically black college l...3, the board announced the college would close on June 30, 2013., has type College/University
3. St. Paul's Episcopal Church, also known as St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Virginia City (fb:m.0805vcz): St. Paul's Episcopal Church is an historic Carpenter Gothic-styl...1 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966., has type Structure
4. Saint Paul, also known as Saint Paul, Minnesota, St. Paul, St. Paul, Minnesota (fb:m.0b2lw): Saint Paul is the capital and second-most populous city of the U...per Midwest, it is the headquarters of companies such as Ecolab., has type City/Town/Village
5. Paul the Apostle, also known as Paul the apostle, Saint Paul, Saul, Saul of Tarsus, St. Paul (fb:m.060nc): Paul the Apostle, originally known as Saul of Tarsus, was an apo...ately half of the book of Acts deals with Paul's life and works., has type Religious Leader
6. St. Paul, also known as Saint Paul, St. Paul, Alaska, Saint Paul, Alaska, Aleutians West Census Area / St. Paul city (fb:m.0qcpj): St. Paul is a city in Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United...a birdwatching haven. The population was 479 at the 2010 census., has type City/Town/Village
7. St. Paul, also known as Saint Paul, Oregon, St. Paul, Oregon, Saint Paul, Marion County / St. Paul city (fb:m.0zfdq): St. Paul is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States. It i...us. The city is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area., has type City/Town/Village
8. St. Paul, also known as Howard County / St. Paul city, St. Paul, Nebraska, Saint Paul, Nebraska, Saint Paul (fb:m.0x7g2): St. Paul is a city in and the county seat of Howard County, Nebr...art of the Grand Island, Nebraska Micropolitan Statistical Area., has type City/Town/Village
9. St. Paul, also known as St. Paul, Kansas, Saint Paul, Kansas, Saint Paul, Neosho County / St. Paul city (fb:m.0t93q): St. Paul is a city in Neosho County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 629., has type City/Town/Village
10. St. Paul, also known as Lee County / St. Paul city, St. Paul, Iowa, Saint Paul, Iowa, Saint Paul (fb:m.0t0ls): St. Paul is a city in Lee County, Iowa, United States. The popul...of the Fort Madison–Keokuk, IA-MO Micropolitan Statistical Area., has type City/Town/Village

[Assistant] The correct entity for "St. Paul, VA" is `fb:m.013nm2`. Now, let's find the property that links a city to its county. Based on the examples, the property `fb:location.hud_county_place.place` might be relevant. Let's check if this property is used for `fb:m.013nm2`.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] It seems that the property `fb:location.hud_county_place.place` is not used for `fb:m.013nm2`. Let's try another approach by listing all properties and objects associated with `fb:m.013nm2` to see if we can find a property that links to the county.

[Tool]
Got 188 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/gnis/1473855                                                  |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | St. Paul (ca)                                                            |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/index.html?curid=706571>                   |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.1258vqw4q                                                           |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | City/Town/Village (fb:m.01m9)                                            |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Saint Paul is a town in Russell ...on was 1,000 at the 2000 census. (en) |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.013nm7                                                              |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Saint Paul (en)                                                          |
| St. Paul (fb:m.013nm2) | Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby)                     | United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0)                                   |
| ...                    | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] From the list of properties and objects associated with `fb:m.013nm2`, the property `fb:location.location.containedby` seems to be relevant. It links `St. Paul, VA` to the United States of America. However, we need to find the specific county. Let's check if there are any other properties that might link `St. Paul, VA` to a county.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Postal codes (fb:location.citytown.postal_codes): part of City/Town/Village schema, links to type Postal Code
2. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
3. Area (fb:location.location.area): links to type Floating Point Number, part of Location schema
4. Population (fb:location.statistical_region.population): part of Statistical region schema, links to type Dated Integer
5. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI
6. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
7. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
8. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
9. Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location
10. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text

No other items found

[Assistant] It seems that there is no direct property linking `St. Paul, VA` to a county. However, we can try to find the county by looking at the `containedby` property and checking if it links to a county. Let's execute a SPARQL query to find the county that `St. Paul, VA` is contained by.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| county                                 |
| -------------------------------------- |
| Virginia (fb:m.07z1m)                  |
| United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0) |
| Wise County (fb:m.0mmy6)               |
| Russell County (fb:m.0mn3x)            |

[Assistant]
The query returned multiple results, including Virginia, the United States of America, and two counties: Wise County and Russell County. Since the question specifically asks for the county, we need to filter out the non-county results.

Let's refine the query to only return the counties.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] It seems that the type `fb:location.county` is not being recognized correctly. Let's try another approach by filtering the results based on the label to ensure we only get the counties.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| county                      |
| --------------------------- |
| Wise County (fb:m.0mmy6)    |
| Russell County (fb:m.0mn3x) |

[Assistant]
The query returned both Wise County and Russell County, which are the counties that St. Paul, VA is contained by. Since the question asks for the county, and St. Paul, VA is split between these two counties, we can provide both as the answer.

Here is the final SPARQL query and answer:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?county WHERE {
  fb:m.013nm2 fb:location.location.containedby ?county .
  OPTIONAL { ?county rdfs:label ?label . FILTER(LANG(?label) = 'en') }
  FILTER(CONTAINS(?label, 'County'))
}
```

Answer: St. Paul, VA is in both Wise County and Russell County.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The answer is correct and complete. The SPARQL query returns the expected results, identifying both Wise County and Russell County as the locations where St. Paul, VA is situated. The query is well-structured and adheres to the provided guidelines.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?character WHERE {
  fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?performance .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor fb:m.023v4_ .
  ?performance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character ?character .
}

Mila Kunis plays the character Meg Griffin in Family Guy.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who does mila kunis play on family guy?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what character does mila kunis play on family guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019nnl ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor fb:m.023v4_ .
}

Using entities:
Family Guy, also known as I Griffin (fb:m.019nnl): Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth ... in 2004 for a fourth season, which began airing on May 1, 2005., has type TV Program
Mila Kunis, also known as Goldfish, Mila, Mila Kunas, Milena Markovna Kunis, Milena "Mila" Markovna Kunis (fb:m.023v4_): Milena Markovna "Mila" Kunis is an American actress. In 1991, at...eodora, in the fantasy adventure film Oz the Great and Powerful., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 2:
Question:
who plays lois in family guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019nnl ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.03pcqz .
}

Using entities:
Family Guy, also known as I Griffin (fb:m.019nnl): Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth ... in 2004 for a fourth season, which began airing on May 1, 2005., has type TV Program
Lois Griffin, also known as Lois Griffin as Princess Leia, Lois Pewterschmidt (fb:m.03pcqz): Lois Patrice Griffin is a main character from the animated telev...ommercials and books—and inspired an entire line of merchandise., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 3:
Question:
who plays lois griffin in family guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019nnl ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.03pcqz .
}

Using entities:
Family Guy, also known as I Griffin (fb:m.019nnl): Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth ... in 2004 for a fourth season, which began airing on May 1, 2005., has type TV Program
Lois Griffin, also known as Lois Griffin as Princess Leia, Lois Pewterschmidt (fb:m.03pcqz): Lois Patrice Griffin is a main character from the animated telev...ommercials and books—and inspired an entire line of merchandise., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, we can see that the relevant entities and properties for our query are:

Entities:
- Family Guy (fb:m.019nnl)
- Mila Kunis (fb:m.023v4_)

Properties:
- Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast)
- Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character)
- Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor)

We can now construct a SPARQL query to find out which character Mila Kunis plays in Family Guy.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| character                 |
| ------------------------- |
| Meg Griffin (fb:m.035szd) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has returned that Mila Kunis plays the character Meg Griffin in Family Guy.

I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The output is correct and complete. The SPARQL query correctly identifies that Mila Kunis plays the character Meg Griffin in Family Guy. The query follows all the rules and returns the actual identifier of the character along with the human-readable label.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?artist WHERE {
  fb:m.057ph fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by ?artist .
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| artist                   |
| ------------------------ |
| Walt Disney (fb:m.081nh) |
| Ub Iwerks (fb:m.0f2ml)   |

The artists of Mickey Mouse are Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who was the artist of mickey mouse?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what was walt disney's first cartoon called?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.09b3v ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.09b3v fb:media_common.netflix_genre.titles ?x .
  ?x fb:tv.tv_program.air_date_of_first_episode ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
The Walt Disney Company, also known as Walt Disney Productions, WALT DISNEY CO/, WALT DISNEY CO, Disney Enterprises, Inc., Disney Co/ Walt (fb:m.09b3v): The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an America...ay one of the largest and best-known studios in American cinema., has type Production company

Using properties:
Titles (fb:media_common.netflix_genre.titles): part of Netflix Genre schema, links to type Netflix Title
Air date of first episode (fb:tv.tv_program.air_date_of_first_episode): part of TV Program schema, links to type Date/Time

Example 2:
Question:
what style of art is salvador dali?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.09_xn ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.09_xn fb:visual_art.visual_artist.art_forms ?x .
}

Using entities:
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, also known as Salvador Dali, Salvador Dalí, Salvador Domènec Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí y Domenech (fb:m.09_xn): Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marqués de Dalí...d his work in high esteem, and to the irritation of his critics., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Art Forms (fb:visual_art.visual_artist.art_forms): links to type Visual Art Form, part of Visual Artist schema

Example 3:
Question:
who played mickey on days of our lives?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0f778b ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0f778b fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Mickey Horton (fb:m.0f778b): Michael "Mickey" Horton is a fictional character on the soap ope.... He was also played by Kevin Dobson for a few episodes in 2008., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema

[Assistant] From the examples, we can see that the third example is the closest to our question. It involves finding the actor who played a specific character on a TV show. In our case, we need to find the artist who created Mickey Mouse. Let's start by searching for the entity "Mickey Mouse" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Walt Disney, also known as Walter Elias "Walt" Disney, Walter Elias Disney, Walter Disney, Mr. Disney, Uncle Walt (fb:m.081nh): Walter Elias "Walt" Disney was an American entrepreneur, cartoon...car awards and nominations than any other individual in history., has type Author
2. Mickey Mouse, also known as Prince Mickey, Mr. Mouse, King Mickey Mouse, Mikki Hiiri, Bob Cratchit (fb:m.057ph): Mickey Mouse is a funny animal cartoon character and the officia...r strip, drawn primarily by Floyd Gottfredson, ran for 45 years., Mickey Mouse is a fictional character from the 1990 film The Prince and the Pauper., has type Film character
3. Mickey Mouse, also known as Mickey Mouse film series (fb:m.0j24srv): Mickey Mouse is a character-based series of animated short films...lude several Silly Symphonies, Don Donald, and Goofy and Wilbur., has type Award-Winning Work
4. Mickey Mouse (fb:m.0rpgqhb): Mickey Mouse is an American animated comedy television series pr...followed by the releases on Disney.com and Watch Disney Channel., Mickey Mouse is an animated TV program., has type Award-Winning Work
5. Mickey Mouse (fb:m.0dqtc9x): has type Musical Artist
6. Mickey Mouse and Friends, also known as Mickey Mouse (fb:m.02pwjrg): Mickey Mouse is a comic book series that has a long-running hist...ok artist Paul Murry, who drew Mickey stories from 1950 to 1984., has type Comic Book Series
7. Mickey Mouse (fb:m.01df3pb): has type Musical Recording
8. Mickey Mouse (fb:m.0fx7t5b): has type Musical Recording
9. Mickey mouse (fb:m.08cs73w): has type Book Edition
10. Mickey Mouse (fb:m.0f3twd4): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] The second result, "Mickey Mouse" (fb:m.057ph), seems to be the correct entity for the character Mickey Mouse. Now, let's look for properties related to the creation or artist of Mickey Mouse.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
2. Occupation (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.occupation): part of Fictional Character schema, links to type Character Occupation
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
6. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
7. Character Created By (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by): links to type Fictional Character Creator, part of Fictional Character schema
8. Species (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.species): part of Fictional Character schema, links to type Character Species
9. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI
10. Impersonated by (fb:base.americancomedy.impersonated_celebrity.impersonated_by): links to type Celebrity impressionist, part of Impersonated celebrity schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Character Created By" (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by) seems to be the most relevant for finding the artist who created Mickey Mouse. Let's construct a SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?artist WHERE {
  fb:m.057ph fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by ?artist .
}
```

Now, let's execute this query to get the result.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| artist                   |
| ------------------------ |
| Walt Disney (fb:m.081nh) |
| Ub Iwerks (fb:m.0f2ml)   |

[Assistant]
The query returned two artists who created Mickey Mouse: Walt Disney (fb:m.081nh) and Ub Iwerks (fb:m.0f2ml). Both are credited with the creation of Mickey Mouse.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?artist WHERE {
  fb:m.057ph fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by ?artist .
}
```

The artists of Mickey Mouse are Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns the expected results. The artists of Mickey Mouse, Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks, are accurately identified.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.08304 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?college .
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| college                             |
| ----------------------------------- |
| Marlborough College (fb:m.0173s9)   |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn)   |
| Exeter College, Oxford (fb:m.0ylvj) |

William Morris attended Marlborough College, the University of Oxford, and Exeter College, Oxford.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did william morris go to college?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what influenced william morris to be an artist?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.08304 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.08304 fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by ?x .
}

Using entities:
William Morris, also known as W. Morris (fb:m.08304): William Morris was an English textile designer, poet, novelist, ...Rossetti, Webb, and others: the Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., has type Author

Using properties:
Influenced By (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node

Example 2:
Question:
what school did william shakespeare attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.081k8 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.081k8 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
William Shakespeare, also known as William 'Budd' Shakespeare, William Shakespare, Shaxper, William Shake-speare, William Shaksper (fb:m.081k8): William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor, ...ratford around 1613, at age 49, where he died three years later., has type Author

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
what college did edgar allan poe go to?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02lt8 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02lt8 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Edgar Allan Poe, also known as A bostonian, Poe, Henri Le Rennet, Edgar Poe, Edgar A. Poë (fb:m.02lt8): Edgar Allan Poe was an American author, poet, editor, and litera...sity of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money., has type Author

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to find the entity for William Morris and the properties related to his education. Let's start by searching for William Morris.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. William Morris, also known as W. Morris (fb:m.08304): William Morris was an English textile designer, poet, novelist, ...Rossetti, Webb, and others: the Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., has type Author
2. William Morris (fb:m.0h95bpj): William Morris was an American stage and film actor. He began hi... from Kino DVD, is an example of Morris's surviving screen work., has type Theater Actor
3. William Maybelline, also known as William Morris (fb:m.012s3kdx): has type Composer
4. The work of William Morris, also known as William Morris. (fb:m.0829b1b): has type Book Edition
5. William Morris (fb:m.0cm8gc2): William Morris, is an American sports shooter and was an officer...USA in 40 years. He is a graduate of the University of Oklahoma., has type Olympic athlete
6. William Morris (fb:m.0c70fk_): has type Book Edition
7. William Morris (fb:m.0k4vyn3): William Morris is an actor., has type Film actor
8. William Morris, also known as Rhosynnog (fb:m.0_h07sd): William Morris, widely known by his bardic name, Rhosynnog was t...erica and was awarded an honorary degree by Bucknell University., has type Religious Leader
9. Bill Morris, also known as William A. Morris, William Morris, Bill Morris (fb:m.0rprwd1): William A. Morris is a television editor., Bill Morris is a TV editor., has type Award Nominee
10. William R. Morris, also known as William Morris (fb:m.03ql75r): William Russell Morris CMG ISO was the second Public Service Com...and the CMG in 1919. He married Edith Miranda Mountfoot in 1877., has type Politician

[Assistant] The first result seems to be the correct William Morris. Now let's look at the properties related to his education.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
2. Projects (fb:projects.project_participant.projects): links to type Project participation, part of Project participant schema
3. School or Movement (fb:book.author.school_or_movement): links to type Literary School Or Movement, part of Author schema
4. Disciplines (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.disciplines): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
5. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
6. Assessment (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.assessment): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
7. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
8. Connections to (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.connections_to): links to type KWConnection, part of KWTopic schema
9. Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person
10. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property `fb:people.person.education` seems to be the right choice. We will use it to find out where William Morris went to college. Let's construct a SPARQL query to get this information.

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.08304 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?college .
}
```

Now, let's execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| college                             |
| ----------------------------------- |
| Marlborough College (fb:m.0173s9)   |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn)   |
| Exeter College, Oxford (fb:m.0ylvj) |

[Assistant]
The query returned the educational institutions where William Morris studied. These include Marlborough College, the University of Oxford, and Exeter College, Oxford.

Here is the final SPARQL query and the answer:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.08304 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?college .
}
```

Answer: William Morris attended Marlborough College, the University of Oxford, and Exeter College, Oxford.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns all the institutions where William Morris studied. The answer provided is accurate and complete.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.0f22p8 fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?appearance .
  ?appearance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
  ?appearance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series fb:m.01b64v .
}

Joshua Morrow

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who plays nicholas newman on the young and the restless?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who plays young john winchester in supernatural?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.025ybxs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.025ybxs fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series fb:m.06s3sm .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.from ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
John Winchester, also known as John Eric Winchester (fb:m.025ybxs): John Eric Winchester is a fictional character on The CW Televisi...nerally frustrated at the character for keeping so many secrets., has type TV Character
Supernatural (fb:m.06s3sm): Supernatural is an American fantasy horror television series cre...nned the series for three seasons but later expanded it to five., has type TV Program

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
From (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.from): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type Date/Time
Series (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Program
Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema

Example 2:
Question:
who played carlton banks?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0bdz91 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0bdz91 fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Carlton Banks (fb:m.0bdz91): Carlton Banks is the fictional character from the TV Series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema

Example 3:
Question:
who plays young lex luthor in smallville?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03g9xj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03g9xj fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.04q78 .
}

Using entities:
Smallville (fb:m.03g9xj): Smallville is an American television series developed by writer-...ir "no tights, no flights" rule to the president of Warner Bros., has type TV Program
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

[Assistant] Based on the examples, we need to identify the character "Nicholas Newman" and the TV show "The Young and the Restless". Let's start by searching for these entities.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0f22p8): Nicholas "Nick" Christian Newman is a fictional character from t... of another woman, Phyllis Summers, which resulted in an affair., has type TV Character
2. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0h3vl_1): Nicholas Newman is a Paralympian athlete from South Africa compe...third when attempting to defend his title in the F36/38 javelin., has type Person
3. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0w70cfb): Sharon Newman is the father of Hunter Allan., has type Person
4. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0qb5mbr)
5. Nick Newman, also known as John Nicholas Newman (fb:m.04n4p6l): John Nicholas "Nick" Newman is an American naval architect noted... of Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology., has type Academic
6. Newman, Nicholas (Fictitious character) (fb:m.0bpzq69)
7. Newman, also known as Newman, California, Stanislaus County / Newman city (fb:m.0r7g9): Newman is a city in Stanislaus County, California, United States...establish the sphere of influence boundary lasting for 25 years., has type City/Town/Village
8. Newman, also known as Douglas County / Newman city, Newman, Illinois (fb:m.0s685): Newman is a city in Douglas County, Illinois, United States. The...street is Broadway. The children go to school at Shiloh CUSD #1., has type City/Town/Village
9. David Baddiel, also known as Baddiel, David, David Lionel Baddiel, Newman (fb:m.0216w1): David Lionel Baddiel is an English comedian, novelist and televi...comedy, Baddiel is also a published novelist and a screenwriter., has type TV Personality
10. Nicholas of Lyra, also known as Nicholas (fb:m.03z4z5): Nicholas of Lyra, or Nicolaus Lyranus, a Franciscan teacher, was...ed and elaborated readings being given to Scripture in his time., has type Author

[Assistant] The first result, "Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0f22p8)", seems to be the correct character from "The Young and the Restless". Now let's confirm the TV show "The Young and the Restless".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Young and the Restless, also known as Y&R (fb:m.01b64v): The Young and the Restless is an American television soap opera ...s the Newmans, Winters, and the Baldwin-Fishers were introduced., has type TV Program
2. The Young and Restless (fb:m.0zvp93m): has type Musical Release
3. The Young and the Restless (fb:m.05drsk0): Will sneaks Philip's elderly mother out of the house for a night on the town., has type TV Episode
4. Young and the Restless (fb:m.05dlr9c): While Russell has a hot new date, Audrey bets Jeff that he can't...ger woman and gives him a night without his wedding ring to try., has type TV Episode
5. The Young and The Restless, also known as The Young And The Restless (fb:m.06z3qhk): A lecture on the latest techniques by a young surgeon from Tokyo... and B.J. that they are out of touch with new medical practices., has type TV Episode
6. The Young and the Restless (fb:m.05dmrpz): has type TV Episode
7. The Young and the Restless (fb:m.0kx147y): The kings are trying to act grown-up and impress the ladies only...em into becoming the source of power behind a fountain of youth., has type TV Episode
8. The Young and Restless (fb:m.0zvf18s): has type Musical Album
9. The Young and the Restless (fb:m.0ybp5tj): has type Musical Recording
10. The Young and the Restless (fb:m.0yc9y5s): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The first result, "The Young and the Restless (fb:m.01b64v)", is the correct TV show. Now we can construct a SPARQL query to find the actor who plays Nicholas Newman on "The Young and the Restless".

We will use the properties `fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program` and `fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor` as seen in the examples.

Let's write and execute the SPARQL query.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| actor                       |
| --------------------------- |
| Joshua Morrow (fb:m.07sklj) |

[Assistant]
The actor who plays Nicholas Newman on "The Young and the Restless" is Joshua Morrow.

Here is the final SPARQL query:

```sparql
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.0f22p8 fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?appearance .
  ?appearance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
  ?appearance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series fb:m.01b64v .
}
```

And the answer is Joshua Morrow.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns the expected answer. The actor who plays Nicholas Newman on The Young and the Restless is Joshua Morrow.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.04q78 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.actor ?actor .
}

Got 9 rows and 1 column:
| actor                          |
| ------------------------------ |
| James Marsters (fb:m.01f9mq)   |
| Powers Boothe (fb:m.02p7_k)    |
| Anthony LaPaglia (fb:m.0301bq) |
| Gene Hackman (fb:m.039bp)      |
| Clancy Brown (fb:m.03wy70)     |
| Kevin Spacey (fb:m.048lv)      |
| Chris Noth (fb:m.04cf09)       |
| Jesse Eisenberg (fb:m.057176)  |
| William Hootkins (fb:m.079jd_) |

The actors who have played Lex Luthor include James Marsters, Powers Boothe, Anthony LaPaglia, Gene Hackman, Clancy Brown, Kevin Spacey, Chris Noth, Jesse Eisenberg, and William Hootkins.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who has played lex luthor?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who plays young lex luthor in smallville?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03g9xj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03g9xj fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.04q78 .
}

Using entities:
Smallville (fb:m.03g9xj): Smallville is an American television series developed by writer-...ir "no tights, no flights" rule to the president of Warner Bros., has type TV Program
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 2:
Question:
who played lex luthor in the original superman?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04q78 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04q78 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film fb:m.01_mdl .
}

Using entities:
Superman, also known as Superman - Le film, Teräsmies, Superman: The Movie, Superman - teräsmies, Superman - stålmannen (fb:m.01_mdl): Superman is a 1978 superhero film directed by Richard Donner. It...75 percent had already been completed—and finish the first film., has type Film
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
who played lois en superman?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0gjc4d3 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0gjc4d3 fb:film.film.starring ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.character fb:m.04pzy .
}

Using entities:
Lois Lane (fb:m.04pzy): Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic b...e entire history of Superman comics and other media adaptations., has type Comic Book Character
Man of Steel, also known as Superman: Man of Steel, Superman (fb:m.0gjc4d3): Man of Steel is a 2013 American superhero film based on the DC C...tes would be able to sue for lost revenue on an unproduced film., has type Award-Winning Work

Using properties:
Performances (fb:film.film.starring): links to type Film performance, part of Film schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character

[Assistant]
From the examples, we can see that the relevant entity for Lex Luthor is `fb:m.04q78`. We also need to look for the property that links actors to their roles, which seems to be `fb:film.performance.actor` and `fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films`.

Let's start by listing the triples where Lex Luthor is the character portrayed in films.

[Tool]
Got 13 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                       | property                                                       | object       |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.02vb45j |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.02vbrr0 |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.03jr1qh |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.04j2wpn |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.06wj_km |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.07ss97y |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.0_gg6qk |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.0gm218k |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.0gw041n |
| Alexander Luthor (fb:m.04q78) | Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) | fb:m.0k3z0y  |
| ...                           | ...                                                            | ...          |

[Assistant]
We have found several performances where Lex Luthor was portrayed. Now, let's find out who the actors were for these performances by querying the `fb:film.performance.actor` property.

I will construct a SPARQL query to get the actors for each of these performances.

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 1 column:
| actor                          |
| ------------------------------ |
| James Marsters (fb:m.01f9mq)   |
| Powers Boothe (fb:m.02p7_k)    |
| Anthony LaPaglia (fb:m.0301bq) |
| Gene Hackman (fb:m.039bp)      |
| Clancy Brown (fb:m.03wy70)     |
| Kevin Spacey (fb:m.048lv)      |
| Chris Noth (fb:m.04cf09)       |
| Jesse Eisenberg (fb:m.057176)  |
| William Hootkins (fb:m.079jd_) |

[Assistant]
The SPARQL query has successfully returned the actors who have played Lex Luthor. Here are the results:

- James Marsters
- Powers Boothe
- Anthony LaPaglia
- Gene Hackman
- Clancy Brown
- Kevin Spacey
- Chris Noth
- Jesse Eisenberg
- William Hootkins

Now, I will provide the final SPARQL query and the answer to the user's question.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query is correct and returns all the actors who have played Lex Luthor. The answer provided is accurate and complete.