PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?religionLabel ( GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ?professionLabel ; separator = ", " ) AS ?professionsList ) ( GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ?workLabel ; separator = ", " ) AS ?worksList ) ( GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ?influencedLabel ; separator = ", " ) AS ?influencedList ) ( GROUP_CONCAT( DISTINCT ?influencedByLabel ; separator = ", " ) AS ?influencedByList ) WHERE {
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.0w6w fb:people.person.profession ?profession .
    ?profession rdfs:label ?professionLabel
    FILTER ( lang( ?professionLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.0w6w fb:book.author.works_written ?work .
    ?work rdfs:label ?workLabel
    FILTER ( lang( ?workLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.0w6w fb:influence.influence_node.influenced ?influenced .
    ?influenced rdfs:label ?influencedLabel
    FILTER ( lang( ?influencedLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.0w6w fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by ?influencedBy .
    ?influencedBy rdfs:label ?influencedByLabel
    FILTER ( lang( ?influencedByLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.0w6w fb:people.person.religion ?religion .
    ?religion rdfs:label ?religionLabel
    FILTER ( lang( ?religionLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}
GROUP BY ?religionLabel

St Augustine (Augustine of Hippo) was a philosopher, writer, and physician. He was a Catholic. He wrote many works, including 'De Bono Coniugali', 'De Sancta Virginitate', 'Expositions on the Psalms', and more. He influenced many figures such as David Mitchell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Joseph de Maistre, Boethius, and others. He was himself influenced by Mani, Jesus Christ, Cicero, Origen, Paul the Apostle, Virgil, Aristotle, Plotinus, and more.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at http://galera:7002

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what did st augustine do?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about "St Augustine" and what he "did"—which could refer to his occupations, achievements, notable actions, or works.
2. First, I need to identify the correct entity for "St Augustine" in Freebase.
3. Then, I need to find properties related to actions, occupations, achievements, or works associated with this entity.

I'll start by searching for the entity "St Augustine" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Augustine of Hippo, also known as St. Austin, St. Augustine the Blessed, St. Augustine, St. Augustin, St. Augoustinos (fb:m.0w6w): Augustine of Hippo, also known as Saint Augustine or Saint Austi... spiritual City of God, distinct from the material Earthly City., has type Religious Leader
2. St. Augustine, also known as St. Johns County / St. Augustine city, St. Augustine, Florida, St. Augustine, FL, Saint Augustine, Florida, Saint Augustine (fb:m.0rs6x): St. Augustine is a city in northeast Florida and the oldest cont...storical character has made the city a major tourist attraction., has type City/Town/Village
3. Augustine of Canterbury, also known as St Augustine (fb:m.011xr): Augustine of Canterbury was a Benedictine monk who became the fi...cluding thousands during a mass baptism on Christmas Day in 597., has type Religious Leader
4. St. Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine, St. Augustine, Illinois, Saint Augustine, Illinois, Knox County / St. Augustine village (fb:m.0s9jk): St. Augustine is a village in Knox County, Illinois, United Stat...nsus. It is part of the Galesburg Micropolitan Statistical Area., has type City/Town/Village
5. Saint Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad (fb:m.05jjd8): St. Augustine is a town in the north-west of Trinidad and Tobago., has type City/Town/Village
6. St Augustine, also known as François-Régis Croisier, St. Augustine (fb:m.0xlkgmn): St. Augustine is a musical artist., has type Musical Artist
7. St. Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine, St. Agustine School (fb:m.05bj854): St. Agustine is a catholic school in Ottawa, Ontario., has type School
8. St Augustine (fb:m.093c6j0): has type Book Edition
9. St. Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine (fb:m.018j40v): has type Musical Recording
10. St. Augustine, also known as Saint Augustine (fb:m.0rhf1r): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The top result for "St Augustine" is Augustine of Hippo (fb:m.0w6w), who is the most famous "St Augustine" and is known as a religious leader, theologian, and philosopher.

To answer "what did St Augustine do?", I should look for properties related to his occupations, achievements, notable actions, or works (such as books he wrote).

Next, I'll search for properties of the entity Augustine of Hippo related to "occupation", "achievement", "work", or "notable actions".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
2. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
3. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
4. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
5. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
6. Date of death (fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Date/Time
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
8. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
9. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
10. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
4. Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for): links to type notable_for, part of Topic schema
5. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
6. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema
7. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
8. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
9. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
10. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema
2. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
5. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
6. Religion (fb:people.person.religion): links to type Religion, part of Person schema
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
8. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
9. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
10. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for): links to type notable_for, part of Topic schema
2. Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
5. Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
6. Things named after this (fb:symbols.name_source.namesakes): part of Name source schema, links to type Namesake
7. Influenced (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
8. Influenced By (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
9. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
10. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1,539 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| property                           | value                                |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| fbkey:authority.musicbrainz        | af70e766-6f46-43c7-a23e-6266e3909f0d |
| fbkey:authority.musicbrainz.artist | af70e766-6f46-43c7-a23e-6266e3909f0d |
| fbkey:authority.openlibrary.author | OL2624534A                           |
| fbkey:authority.openlibrary.author | OL2625048A                           |
| fbkey:authority.openlibrary.author | OL2658956A                           |
| ...                                | ...                                  |
| rdfs:label                         | ออกัสตินแห่งฮิปโป (th)               |
| rdfs:label                         | 아우구스티누스 (ko)                         |
| rdfs:label                         | アウグスティヌス (ja)                        |
| rdfs:label                         | 希波的奥古斯丁 (zh)                         |
| rdfs:label                         | 希波的奧古斯丁 (zh-Hant)                    |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| profession                 |
| -------------------------- |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) |
| Physician (fb:m.05t4q)     |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        |

[Tool]
Got 95 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:g.121pw5_6                                                              |
| Against Academicians and the Teacher (fb:m.010v031y)                       |
| De moribus ecclesiae catholicae et de moribus Manichaeorum (fb:m.012dv835) |
| City of God (fb:m.0281p7)                                                  |
| The Confessions of St. Augustine (fb:m.02xk96)                             |
| ...                                                                        |
| Tractates on the Gospel of John (fb:m.0c1x_sj)                             |
| Treatises on various subjects (fb:m.0c1x_sm)                               |
| The Trinity (fb:m.0c1x_sq)                                                 |
| De doctrina christiana (fb:m.0c5v3w)                                       |
| Soliloquies of Augustine (fb:m.0gvv9j2)                                    |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| notable        |
| -------------- |
| fb:g.125953w9h |

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Tool]
Got 40 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| desc                                                                        |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Agostinho de Hipona, conhecido u...mento da teoria da guerra justa. (pt)    |
| Agustín de Hipona o san Agustín ...e Dios sus obras más destacadas. (es)    |
| Agustinus dari Hippo, atau biasa...gan dunia pada abad pertengahan. (id)    |
| Augustin af Hippo eller Aurelius...hedensk og hans mor var kristen. (da)    |
| Augustin de Hipona a fost un epi...veridicitatea religiei creștine. (ro)    |
| ...                                                                         |
| นักบุญออกัสตินแห่งฮิปโป เกิดเมื่...องออกัสตินยังส่งผลมาตลอดสมัยกลาง (th)    |
| 성 아우렐리우스 아우구스티누스는 4세기 알제리 및 이탈리아...스틴이라고 부를 때도 있고, 간혹 아우구스틴이라고도 한다. (ko)    |
| アウレリウス・アウグスティヌスは、古代キリスト教の神学者、哲学者...グスティヌスはこれと区別してヒッポのアウグスティヌスと呼ばれる。 (ja)    |
| 奥勒留·奥古斯提奴斯，罗马帝国末期北非的柏柏尔人，早期西方基督教...要源头。他的死也被西方史学界视为欧洲在精神层面上的中世纪的开始。 (zh)    |
| 奧勒留·奧古斯提奴斯，羅馬帝國末期北非的柏柏爾人，早期西方基督教...要源頭。他的死也被西方史學界視為歐洲在精神層面上的中世紀的開始。 (zh-TW) |

[Tool]
Got 40 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| label                    |
| ------------------------ |
| Agostinho de Hipona (pt) |
| Agostino d'Ippona (it)   |
| Agustí d'Hipona (ca)     |
| Agustín de Hipona (es)   |
| Agustin ng Hipona (fil)  |
| ...                      |
| ออกัสตินแห่งฮิปโป (th)   |
| 아우구스티누스 (ko)             |
| アウグスティヌス (ja)            |
| 希波的奥古斯丁 (zh)             |
| 希波的奧古斯丁 (zh-Hant)        |

[Tool]
Got 41 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| influenced                                  |
| ------------------------------------------- |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) |
| Giambattista Vico (fb:m.015_hb)             |
| Nicolas Malebranche (fb:m.017h16)           |
| Blaise Pascal (fb:m.01b0x)                  |
| Eric Voegelin (fb:m.01b5l3)                 |
| ...                                         |
| Albert Camus (fb:m.0lcx)                    |
| Duns Scotus (fb:m.0m1wd)                    |
| Alvin Plantinga (fb:m.0m6yd)                |
| Hannah Arendt (fb:m.0nk72)                  |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            |

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 1 column:
| influenced_by                 |
| ----------------------------- |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)           |
| Mani (fb:m.02yx5q)            |
| Jesus Christ (fb:m.045m1_)    |
| Origen (fb:m.05pbv)           |
| Plato (fb:m.05qmj)            |
| Paul the Apostle (fb:m.060nc) |
| Virgil (fb:m.07yhg)           |
| Plotinus (fb:m.09kw9)         |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_)         |

[Tool]
Got 24 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| type                                                     |
| -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Topic (fb:base.christianity.topic)                       |
| Author (fb:base.greatbooksofthewesternworld.author)      |
| Topic (fb:base.greatbooksofthewesternworld.topic)        |
| Ontology Instance (fb:base.ontologies.ontology_instance) |
| Saint (fb:base.saints.saint)                             |
| ...                                                      |
| Person (fb:people.person)                                |
| Religious Leader (fb:religion.religious_leader)          |
| Philosopher (fb:user.alexander.philosophy.philosopher)   |
| Topic (fb:user.alexander.philosophy.topic)               |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| religion                  |
| ------------------------- |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query retrieves a broad set of information about St Augustine, including his professions, works, people he influenced, people who influenced him, types, and religion. However, it does not provide labels for the IRIs in the result, which makes the output less human-readable. To improve the query, consider adding OPTIONAL clauses to retrieve rdfs:label (or similar) for each of the main variables (profession, work, influenced, influenced_by, type, religion). This will make the results easier to interpret and more directly usable for generating a human-readable answer. The query otherwise covers the relevant aspects of 'what did St Augustine do?'.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve the query, I will add OPTIONAL clauses to retrieve rdfs:label for each of the main variables (profession, work, influenced, influenced_by, type, religion). This will make the results more human-readable.

Here’s my plan:
- For each variable (profession, work, influenced, influenced_by, type, religion), I will add an OPTIONAL clause to get its rdfs:label.
- I will keep the main structure of the query, but now each result will include both the IRI and its label (if available).

Let me construct the improved SPARQL query.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
The memory limit was exceeded during the computation of a cross-product. Check if this cross-product is intentional or if you have mistyped a variable name.

[Assistant]
The query failed due to a memory limit, likely because the OPTIONAL clauses for each variable are causing a large cross-product (cartesian product) of results. To address this, I will split the query into several smaller queries, each focusing on one aspect of what St Augustine did (profession, works, influenced, influenced by, type, religion), and each will include labels for human readability.

I will start with his professions (with labels).

[Tool]
Got 134 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| profession                 | professionLabel    |
| -------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) | Ahli Falsafah (ms) |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) | Filosof (da)       |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) | Filosof (no)       |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) | Filosof (sv)       |
| Philosopher (fb:m.02h6fbs) | Filòsof (ca)       |
| ...                        | ...                |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        | นักเขียน (th)      |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        | 저술가 (ko)           |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        | 作家 (ja)            |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        | 作家 (zh)            |
| Writer (fb:m.0cbd2)        | 作家 (zh-Hant)       |

[Tool]
Got 100 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                       | workLabel                                                       |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:g.121pw5_6                                                              |                                                                 |
| Against Academicians and the Teacher (fb:m.010v031y)                       | Against Academicians and the Teacher (en)                       |
| De moribus ecclesiae catholicae et de moribus Manichaeorum (fb:m.012dv835) | De moribus ecclesiae catholicae et de moribus Manichaeorum (en) |
| City of God (fb:m.0281p7)                                                  | City of God (en)                                                |
| City of God (fb:m.0281p7)                                                  | De civitate Dei (de)                                            |
| ...                                                                        | ...                                                             |
| Letters 100-155 (fb:m.06l283d)                                             | Letters 100-155 (en)                                            |
| Basic Writings Of Saint Augustine (fb:m.06ld2fk)                           | Basic Writings Of Saint Augustine (en)                          |
| On The Holy Trinity (fb:m.06lxcz3)                                         | On The Holy Trinity (en)                                        |
| Arianism and Other Heresies (fb:m.06mcy_x)                                 | Arianism and Other Heresies (en)                                |
| Augustine (fb:m.06n_3tt)                                                   | Augustine (en)                                                  |

[Tool]
Got 1,055 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| influenced                                  | influencedLabel                    |
| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) | Džovanis Piko dela Mirandola (lt)  |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) | Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (ca) |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) | Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (da) |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) | Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (de) |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (fb:m.013w_3) | Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (en) |
| ...                                         | ...                                |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            | แอนเซล์มแห่งแคนเทอร์เบอรี (th)     |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            | 안셀무스 (ko)                          |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            | アンセルムス (ja)                        |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            | 坎特伯雷的安瑟莫 (zh)                      |
| Anselm of Canterbury (fb:m.0xlc)            | 坎特伯雷的安瑟莫 (zh-Hant)                 |

[Tool]
Got 362 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| influenced_by         | influencedByLabel |
| --------------------- | ----------------- |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)   | Cicero (en)       |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)   | Cicero (et)       |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)   | Cicero (fi)       |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)   | Cicero (fil)      |
| Cicero (fb:m.01tf5)   | Cicero (id)       |
| ...                   | ...               |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_) | อริสโตเติล (th)   |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_) | 아리스토텔레스 (ko)      |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_) | アリストテレス (ja)      |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_) | 亚里士多德 (zh)        |
| Aristotle (fb:m.0gz_) | 亞里斯多德 (zh-Hant)   |

[Tool]
Got 529 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| type                                                     | typeLabel              |
| -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Topic (fb:base.christianity.topic)                       | Topic (en)             |
| Author (fb:base.greatbooksofthewesternworld.author)      | Author (en)            |
| Topic (fb:base.greatbooksofthewesternworld.topic)        | Topic (en)             |
| Ontology Instance (fb:base.ontologies.ontology_instance) | Ontology Instance (en) |
| Saint (fb:base.saints.saint)                             | Aziz (tr)              |
| ...                                                      | ...                    |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  | कला विषय (hi)          |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  | หัวข้อของศิลปะ (th)    |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  | 예술품 주제 (ko)            |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  | 艺术品主题 (zh)             |
| Art Subject (fb:visual_art.art_subject)                  | 芸術作品の主題 (ja)           |

[Tool]
Got 41 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| religion                  | religionLabel     |
| ------------------------- | ----------------- |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | Catholicism (en)  |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | Catholicisme (fr) |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | Catolicism (ro)   |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | Catolicisme (ca)  |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | Catolicismo (es)  |
| ...                       | ...               |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | คาทอลิก (th)      |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | 보편교회주의 (ko)       |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | カトリシズム (ja)       |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | 天主教 (zh)          |
| Catholicism (fb:m.0c8wxp) | 天主教 (zh-Hant)     |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query is generally well-constructed and provides a broad overview of what St Augustine did, including his professions, works, influences, and religious affiliation. However, there are some areas for refinement:

1. The query currently returns a Cartesian product of all possible combinations of the optional properties, which leads to a lot of redundant and potentially confusing rows. This could be improved by splitting the query into multiple queries or using GROUP_CONCAT to aggregate related information per aspect (e.g., all works, all professions, all influenced people, etc.).
2. The query includes the type (fb:type.object.type), which is not particularly informative for the user's question and adds unnecessary complexity to the result. Consider omitting it unless specifically relevant.
3. The query uses OPTIONAL for all properties, which is fine, but it might be clearer to focus on the most relevant aspects (profession, works, influence, religion) and structure the output accordingly.

In summary, the answer is correct and covers the main aspects, but the query and its result could be made more concise and user-friendly by reducing redundancy and focusing on the most relevant information.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the detailed feedback. Here’s how I’ll refine the approach:

1. I will remove the type (fb:type.object.type) from the query, as it is not directly relevant to "what did St Augustine do?".
2. To avoid the Cartesian product and redundancy, I will use GROUP_CONCAT to aggregate the labels for each aspect (professions, works, influenced, influenced_by, religion) into single fields.
3. I will focus on the most relevant aspects: profession, works written, people influenced, people who influenced him, and religion.

Let me construct the improved SPARQL query accordingly.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Invalid SPARQL query: The target ?influenced of an AS clause was already used in the query body.

[Assistant]
The error occurred because the variable ?influenced was used both as a variable in the WHERE clause and as the target of an AS clause in GROUP_CONCAT. To fix this, I will rename the GROUP_CONCAT output variables so they do not conflict with the variables used in the WHERE clause.

Let me adjust the query accordingly.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 5 columns:
| religionLabel    | professionsList                | worksList                                                           | influencedList                                                      | influencedByList                                                    |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Catholicism (en) | Physician, Writer, Philosopher | De Bono Coniugali, De Sancta Vir...Saint Augustine, Expos on Psalms | David Mitchell, Ludwig Wittgenst...org, Joseph de Maistre, Boethius | Mani, Jesus Christ, Cicero, Orig...tle, Virgil, Aristotle, Plotinus |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?team ?finalLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0443c fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams ?team .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?team rdfs:label ?label1 .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label1 ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?team skos:prefLabel ?label2 .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label2 ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?team foaf:name ?label3 .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?label3 ) = 'en' )
  }
  BIND( COALESCE ( ?label1 , ?label2 , ?label3 ) AS ?finalLabel )
}

Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| team         | finalLabel |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| fb:m.0gggrzr |            |
| fb:m.0hpgh_h |            |
| fb:m.0hpgj2z |            |
| fb:m.0ncxlxp |            |
| fb:m.0ncxm4r |            |

This query returns the IRIs of the teams Jackie Robinson played for, and their English labels if available.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at http://galera:7002

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what team did jackie robinson?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The user is asking about the team associated with "Jackie Robinson".
2. First, I need to identify the entity for "Jackie Robinson" in Freebase.
3. Then, I need to find the property that links a person to a sports team (likely something like "member of sports team", "played for", or similar).
4. Finally, I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the team(s) Jackie Robinson played for.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Jackie Robinson" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jackie Robinson, also known as Jackie, Jack Roosevelt Robinson (fb:m.0443c): Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson was an American Major League Ba...", on which every player on every team wears No. 42 on April 15., has type Baseball Player
2. Jackie Robinson, also known as Robinson, Jackie (fb:m.07kjnz9): Jackie Robinson is a Jamaican singer, best known as the lead voc...al both under his own name, and under the pseudonym Harry Hippy., has type Composer
3. Jackie Robinson, also known as Robert Robinson (fb:m.02rh129): Robert Jackson "Jackie" Robinson is a retired American Baptist p...erly presented to the King, the Queen and the then Queen Mother., has type Basketball Player
4. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.02rh1ks): Jackie Robinson is an American former professional basketball pl...inson is still negotiating development issues with Clark County., has type Basketball Player
5. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.02z5qg5): John Allan "Jackie" Robinson was an English footballer player an..., although these matches are not recognised in official records., has type Football player
6. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0h10lqg): has type Film
7. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0rg6r4n): has type Musical Recording
8. Jackie Robinson: A Life of Determination, also known as Jackie Robinson (fb:m.06cz6bc): has type Book
9. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0y9ykt6): has type Musical Recording
10. Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0x9byy8): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Jackie Robinson" the baseball player is fb:m.0443c.

Next, I need to find the property that links a baseball player to the team(s) they played for. I will search for properties related to "team" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams): links to type Sports team roster, part of Athlete schema
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
3. Awards (fb:sports.sports_award_winner.awards): part of Sports League Award Winner schema, links to type Sports League Award
4. Position(s) (fb:baseball.baseball_player.position_s): links to type Baseball Position, part of Baseball Player schema
5. Position(s) (fb:american_football.football_player.position_s): part of American football player schema, links to type Sports position
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI
8. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
9. Achievements (fb:base.firsts.first.achievements): links to type First Achievement, part of First schema
10. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams is the most relevant for finding the teams Jackie Robinson played for.

Now, I will check what kind of values this property returns for Jackie Robinson to ensure it leads to the team entity, and then construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the team(s) he played for.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property                            | object       |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | ------------ |
| Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) | Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams) | fb:m.0gggrzr |
| Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) | Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams) | fb:m.0hpgh_h |
| Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) | Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams) | fb:m.0hpgj2z |
| Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) | Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams) | fb:m.0ncxlxp |
| Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) | Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams) | fb:m.0ncxm4r |

[Assistant]
The property fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams for Jackie Robinson (fb:m.0443c) returns several team entities. To provide a more informative answer, I will construct a SPARQL query that retrieves the IRIs of these teams and their labels (if available).

Here is the SPARQL query I will use:

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the IRIs of the teams Jackie Robinson played for, and attempts to get their labels. However, the result shows that the labels are missing for all teams. To improve the answer, consider checking for alternative label properties (such as skos:prefLabel or foaf:name) or ensuring that the rdfs:label property is populated in the knowledge graph. Additionally, you may want to filter for English labels if multiple languages are present. The query structure is otherwise correct, but the lack of human-readable team names reduces the usefulness of the answer.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To address the issue of missing labels, I will enhance the query to attempt to retrieve team names using alternative properties such as skos:prefLabel and foaf:name, in addition to rdfs:label. I will also filter for English labels if available.

Here’s my step-by-step plan:
1. For each team Jackie Robinson played for, try to get the team’s name using rdfs:label, skos:prefLabel, and foaf:name.
2. Prefer English labels if multiple languages are present.
3. Return the team IRIs and any available human-readable names.

Let’s construct the improved SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query is invalid because the variable ?label is used both in an OPTIONAL clause and as the target of a BIND with COALESCE. In SPARQL, you cannot reassign a variable that is already bound earlier in the query. To fix this, use a new variable for the COALESCE result (e.g., ?finalLabel), and return that in the SELECT clause. Also, ensure that the query only returns the IRIs of the teams (as required), and any labels should be optional. Please rewrite the query accordingly.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. You are correct: in SPARQL, a variable cannot be reassigned after it has already been bound. I will use separate variables for each label property and use a new variable (?finalLabel) for the COALESCE result. I will also ensure that only the team IRIs are required, and the label is optional.

Here’s the revised query plan:
- Retrieve the IRIs of the teams Jackie Robinson played for.
- Optionally retrieve their English labels using rdfs:label, skos:prefLabel, or foaf:name.
- Use COALESCE to select the first available label as ?finalLabel.
- Return the team IRIs and optionally the label.

Here is the corrected SPARQL query:

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?state WHERE {
  fb:m.02mjmr fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?birthplace .
  ?birthplace fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.state ?state .
}

Barack Obama is from the state of Hawaii.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at http://galera:7002

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what state is barack obama from?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to determine:

1. The correct entity for "Barack Obama" in Freebase.
2. The property that relates a person to their state of origin, which could be "place of birth", "hometown", or "state represented" (since "from" can be ambiguous).
3. The correct way to retrieve the state entity from the relevant property.

First, I will search for the entity "Barack Obama" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Barack Obama, also known as President Obama, President Barack Obama, President Barack Hussein Obama II, President Barack H. Obama, Obama (fb:m.02mjmr): Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the...mocratic Party primaries to receive the presidential nomination., Barack Hussein Obama II (/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born Augus...ting the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004., has type US President
2. Barack Obama in comics, also known as Barack Obama (fb:m.05f34xs): Barack Obama has appeared as a character in comic books published by a number of publishing companies., has type Film character
3. Barack Obama Extends Historical ... "Astride the Promise of Change", also known as Barack Obama (fb:m.0bjbmz1): In this two-part essay article, the National African-American Ar...a commentary on the Obama administration and political platform., has type Short Non-fiction
4. President Barack Obama, also known as President Barack Obama (2), Barack Obama (fb:m.0g00r7y): has type TV Episode
5. Obama, also known as President Barack Obama, President Snowbama, President Brock O'Bama, President Obama, Silhouette Barack Obama (fb:m.010h7d2f): Obama is a fictional character from the 2014 film Sequestered., has type Film character
6. Barack Obama: Son of Promise, Child of Hope, also known as Barack Obama (fb:m.04x6ghg): Barack Obama: Son of Promise, Child of Hope is a book written by Nikki Grimes., has type Book
7. Barack Obama, also known as President Barack Obama (fb:m.09ryzqt): Barack Obama is a fictional character in the 2010 romance film My Name is Khan., Barack Obama is a fictional character from the 2010 film My Name is Khan., Barack Obama is a fictional representation of Barack Obama., has type Film character
8. Barack Obama (fb:m.07kc1ts): has type TV Episode
9. Barack Obama (fb:m.06y_m1l): has type TV Episode
10. Barack Obama (fb:m.0fy686w): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The correct entity for Barack Obama, the former U.S. President, is fb:m.02mjmr.

Next, I need to find the property that links a person to their state of origin. This could be "place of birth", "hometown", or possibly "state represented". I will start by searching for properties related to "birth" for the entity fb:m.02mjmr.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
2. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
3. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
4. Inauguration (fb:base.inaugurations.inauguration_speaker.inauguration): part of Inauguration Speaker schema, links to type Inauguration
5. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
6. Religion (fb:base.popstra.celebrity.religion): links to type Religion Choice, part of Celebrity schema
7. Religion (fb:people.person.religion): links to type Religion, part of Person schema
8. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
9. Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person
10. Party (fb:government.politician.party): links to type Political Party Tenure, part of Politician schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The most relevant property is "Place of birth" (fb:people.person.place_of_birth). To find the state, I will need to get the place of birth for Barack Obama and then determine which state that place is in.

First, I will retrieve the place of birth for Barack Obama using the property fb:people.person.place_of_birth.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                    | property                                         | object                  |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------- |
| Barack Obama (fb:m.02mjmr) | Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth) | Honolulu (fb:m.02hrh0_) |

[Assistant] Barack Obama's place of birth is Honolulu (fb:m.02hrh0_). Now, I need to determine which state Honolulu is in. To do this, I will look for a property of the entity "Honolulu" that links it to a state. I'll search for properties of "Honolulu" related to "state".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. State (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.state): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Location
2. Country (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.country): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Location
3. County (fb:location.hud_county_place.county): part of HUD County Place schema, links to type US County
4. City (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.city): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Location
5. Place (fb:location.hud_county_place.place): part of HUD County Place schema, links to type Location
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Capital of (fb:location.capital_of_administrative_division.capital_of): links to type Administrative division/capital relationship, part of Capital of administrative division schema
8. Population (fb:location.statistical_region.population): part of Statistical region schema, links to type Dated Integer
9. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI
10. Type (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Text

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "State" (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.state) seems to link a location to its state. I will now list the value of this property for Honolulu (fb:m.02hrh0_).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property                                       | object              |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Honolulu (fb:m.02hrh0_) | State (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.state) | Hawaii (fb:m.03gh4) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the state associated with Barack Obama's place of birth by following the appropriate properties in Freebase. The result is the expected state (Hawaii), and the answer is accurate. The query returns the IRI of the state, fulfilling the requirements. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?label ?type WHERE {
  VALUES ?country {
    fb:m.02lx0
  }
  {
    ?country fb:location.country.official_language ?language .
    BIND( "official" AS ?type )
  } UNION {
    ?country fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?language .
    BIND( "spoken" AS ?type )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?label .
    FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 22 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                        | label                 | type   |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------ |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp)   | Bunak Language (en)   | spoken |
| English Language (fb:m.02h40lc) | English Language (en) | spoken |
| Habu Language (fb:m.02hwsld)    | Habu Language (en)    | spoken |
| Kemak Language (fb:m.02hwtzw)   | Kemak Language (en)   | spoken |
| Makuv'a Language (fb:m.02hwv54) | Makuv'a Language (en) | spoken |
| ...                             | ...                   | ...    |
| Idalaka (fb:m.0k97dfx)          | Idalaka (en)          | spoken |
| Bekais (fb:m.0kc98sf)           | Bekais (en)           | spoken |
| Dawan (fb:m.0kc98sk)            | Dawan (en)            | spoken |
| Wetarese (fb:m.0kc98sn)         | Wetarese (en)         | spoken |
| Tetun-Terik (fb:m.0kc98sr)      | Tetun-Terik (en)      | spoken |

The official languages of East Timor are Portuguese and Tetun. Other languages spoken in East Timor include Bunak, English, Habu, Kemak, Makuv'a, Idalaka, Bekais, Dawan, Wetarese, and Tetun-Terik.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at http://galera:7002

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what language does east timor speak?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The question is asking about the language(s) spoken in East Timor.
2. I need to identify the entity for "East Timor" and the property that relates a country to its language(s).

Step 1: Search for the entity "East Timor" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, Timor Timur (fb:m.02lx0): East Timor or Timor-Leste, officially the Democratic Republic of... Southeast Asian Nations by applying become its eleventh member., has type Country
2. East Timor (fb:m.0w522v): has type Musical Recording
3. East Timor (fb:m.0z49h2m): has type Musical Recording
4. East Timor (fb:m.079g2nl): East Timor's Sacred Heart and Seven Seven gangs have brought the...ers as they witness this youthful nation's descent into anarchy., has type TV Episode
5. East Timor (fb:m.0npl45): has type Musical Recording
6. East Timor (fb:m.0y987xb): has type Musical Recording
7. East Timor (fb:m.010s8msb): has type Musical Recording
8. East Timor (fb:m.0ggz58y): has type TV Episode
9. East Timor (fb:m.0sk1lxk): has type Musical Recording
10. East Timor (fb:m.0dwfvz3): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the country East Timor is "Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, Timor Timur" with the Freebase ID fb:m.02lx0.

Next, I need to find the property that links a country to its language(s). I'll search for properties related to "language" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
2. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
3. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
4. Pronunciation (fb:base.schemastaging.context_name.pronunciation): links to type Pronunciation, part of Context name schema
5. Adjectival form (fb:location.location.adjectival_form): part of Location schema, links to type Text
6. Adjectival form (fb:freebase.linguistic_hint.adjectival_form): part of Linguistic hint schema, links to type Text
7. Adjectival form (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area.adjectival_form): part of Administrative Area schema, links to type Text
8. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): part of Flag referent schema, links to type Flag use
9. Continent (fb:base.locations.countries.continent): links to type Continents, part of Countries schema
10. Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

No other items found

[Assistant]
There are two relevant properties:
- fb:location.country.languages_spoken (Languages spoken)
- fb:location.country.official_language (Official Language)

To answer the question comprehensively, I should retrieve both the official language(s) and all languages spoken in East Timor.

I'll construct a SPARQL query to get both the official languages and all spoken languages for East Timor (fb:m.02lx0), including their IRIs and optionally their labels.

[Tool]
Got 77 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                         | languageLabel             | type     |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------- | -------- |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Bahasa Portugis (id)      | official |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Bahasa Portugis (ms)      | official |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Idioma portugués (es)     | official |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Idioma portugués (es-419) | official |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Język portugalski (pl)    | official |
| ...                              | ...                       | ...      |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | ภาษาเตตุม (th)            | official |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | 테툼어 (ko)                  | official |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | テトゥン語 (ja)                | official |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | 德頓語 (zh-Hant)             | official |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | 德顿语 (zh)                  | official |

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                        |
| ------------------------------- |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp)   |
| English Language (fb:m.02h40lc) |
| Habu Language (fb:m.02hwsld)    |
| Kemak Language (fb:m.02hwtzw)   |
| Makuv'a Language (fb:m.02hwv54) |
| ...                             |
| Idalaka (fb:m.0k97dfx)          |
| Bekais (fb:m.0kc98sf)           |
| Dawan (fb:m.0kc98sk)            |
| Wetarese (fb:m.0kc98sn)         |
| Tetun-Terik (fb:m.0kc98sr)      |

[Tool]
Got 223 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                      | label               |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp) | Bahasa Bunak (id)   |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp) | Bunak (de)          |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp) | Bunak jezik (hr)    |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp) | Bunak Language (en) |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp) | Búnaque (pt)        |
| ...                           | ...                 |
| Idalaka (fb:m.0k97dfx)        | Idalaka (en)        |
| Bekais (fb:m.0kc98sf)         | Bekais (en)         |
| Dawan (fb:m.0kc98sk)          | Dawan (en)          |
| Wetarese (fb:m.0kc98sn)       | Wetarese (en)       |
| Tetun-Terik (fb:m.0kc98sr)    | Tetun-Terik (en)    |

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                        | label                 |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp)   | Bunak Language (en)   |
| English Language (fb:m.02h40lc) | English Language (en) |
| Habu Language (fb:m.02hwsld)    | Habu Language (en)    |
| Kemak Language (fb:m.02hwtzw)   | Kemak Language (en)   |
| Makuv'a Language (fb:m.02hwv54) | Makuv'a Language (en) |
| ...                             | ...                   |
| Idalaka (fb:m.0k97dfx)          | Idalaka (en)          |
| Bekais (fb:m.0kc98sf)           | Bekais (en)           |
| Dawan (fb:m.0kc98sk)            | Dawan (en)            |
| Wetarese (fb:m.0kc98sn)         | Wetarese (en)         |
| Tetun-Terik (fb:m.0kc98sr)      | Tetun-Terik (en)      |

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| language                         | label                    | type     |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------- |
| Portuguese Language (fb:m.05zjd) | Portuguese Language (en) | official |
| Tetun Language (fb:m.0dss2)      | Tetun Language (en)      | official |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the official languages of East Timor (Portuguese and Tetun) using the appropriate properties and returns their IRIs, which is correct. However, the answer provided to the user lists additional languages (Bunak, English, Habu, Kemak, Makuv'a, Idalaka, Bekais, Dawan, Wetarese, and Tetun-Terik) that are not present in the actual SPARQL query result. If the intention is to list all spoken languages, not just official ones, the query should be refined to ensure it retrieves all languages spoken in East Timor using the 'languages_spoken' property as well. Please verify that the query returns all relevant languages and update the answer to match the actual query result.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To address this, I will refine the SPARQL query to clearly distinguish between official languages and all languages spoken in East Timor. The query will retrieve both the official languages (using fb:location.country.official_language) and all spoken languages (using fb:location.country.languages_spoken), along with their IRIs and English labels. This will ensure the answer accurately reflects the data returned by the query.

Here is my step-by-step plan:
1. Retrieve all official languages of East Timor.
2. Retrieve all spoken languages of East Timor.
3. Include the English label for each language.
4. Distinguish in the results whether a language is official or spoken (or both).

Let's construct and execute this refined query.

[Tool]
Got 22 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| language                        | label                 | type   |
| ------------------------------- | --------------------- | ------ |
| Bunak Language (fb:m.025t0jp)   | Bunak Language (en)   | spoken |
| English Language (fb:m.02h40lc) | English Language (en) | spoken |
| Habu Language (fb:m.02hwsld)    | Habu Language (en)    | spoken |
| Kemak Language (fb:m.02hwtzw)   | Kemak Language (en)   | spoken |
| Makuv'a Language (fb:m.02hwv54) | Makuv'a Language (en) | spoken |
| ...                             | ...                   | ...    |
| Idalaka (fb:m.0k97dfx)          | Idalaka (en)          | spoken |
| Bekais (fb:m.0kc98sf)           | Bekais (en)           | spoken |
| Dawan (fb:m.0kc98sk)            | Dawan (en)            | spoken |
| Wetarese (fb:m.0kc98sn)         | Wetarese (en)         | spoken |
| Tetun-Terik (fb:m.0kc98sr)      | Tetun-Terik (en)      | spoken |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves both the official and other spoken languages of East Timor by using the appropriate properties and returning the IRIs of the languages. The answer provided is accurate and matches the query results. Optional labels are included as requested, and the query structure is appropriate. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?state WHERE {
  fb:m.018qjq fb:location.location.partially_containedby ?state .
  ?state fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.0kpys4 .
}

Got 5 rows and 1 column:
| state                   |
| ----------------------- |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w)   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) |
| Nevada (fb:m.059_c)     |
| Utah (fb:m.07srw)       |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)     |

The Colorado River runs through the following U.S. states: Colorado (fb:m.01n4w), Utah (fb:m.07srw), Arizona (fb:m.0vmt), Nevada (fb:m.059_c), and California (fb:m.01n7q).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at http://galera:7002

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] which states does the colorado river run through?

[Assistant]
Let's break down the question:

1. The main entity is the "Colorado River".
2. The property of interest is the set of "states" (likely U.S. states) that the river "runs through" (i.e., traverses, flows through, or passes through).

Step 1: Find the entity for "Colorado River" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq): The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwe... almost 40 million people both inside and outside the watershed., has type River
2. Colorado River (fb:m.018qj9): The Colorado River is a river in the south of Argentina. The Col...on the river traverses, and to regulate the river's water level., has type River
3. Colorado River (fb:m.018qk6): The Colorado River is a river that runs through the U.S. state o...y City before emptying into the Gulf of Mexico at Matagorda Bay., has type River
4. Colorado River (fb:m.0cd2h2): The Colorado River, or the Rio Colorado, in Costa Rica is a trib...rist destination, particularly for fishing for tarpon and snook., has type River
5. Colorado River (fb:m.06wb1rj): The Colorado River is a river of Chile., has type River
6. Colorado River (fb:m.0ql50g4): The Río Colorado is a river of Bolivia in the Potosí Department, Nor Lípez Province., has type River
7. Colorado River (fb:m.06w912z): The Colorado River is a river of Chile., has type River
8. Colorado River (fb:m.06w1mzv): The Colorado River is a river of Chile., has type River
9. Colorado River (fb:m.06w6t9l): Colorado River is a river of Costa Rica. It is a tributary of the Tempisque River., has type River
10. Colorado River (fb:m.0rglnx1): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the Colorado River in the southwestern United States is fb:m.018qjq.

Next, I need to find the property that links a river to the states it runs through. Likely candidates are properties related to "flows through", "located in", or "traverses".

Step 2: Search for properties of the Colorado River entity related to "state".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
2. Cities (fb:geography.river.cities): links to type City/Town/Village, part of River schema
3. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
4. Category (fb:geography.geographical_feature.category): links to type Geographical feature category, part of Geographical Feature schema
5. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
7. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
8. Length (fb:geography.river.length): links to type Floating Point Number, part of River schema
9. Mouth (fb:geography.river.mouth): links to type Location, part of River schema
10. Origin (fb:geography.river.origin): links to type Location, part of River schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct "state" property, but there are properties like "cities", "mouth", and "origin" for rivers. The states the river runs through may be inferred via locations (cities, origin, mouth) or there may be another property such as "basin countries" or "located in".

Next, let's search for properties of the Colorado River entity related to "location" or "region".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
2. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
3. Geolocation (fb:location.location.geolocation): part of Location schema, links to type Geocode
4. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
5. Cities (fb:geography.river.cities): links to type City/Town/Village, part of River schema
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
8. Origin (fb:geography.river.origin): links to type Location, part of River schema
9. Mouth (long./lat./elev.) (fb:geography.river.mouth_long_lat): links to type Geocode, part of River schema
10. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for "state" or "region" either. However, the "cities" property (fb:geography.river.cities) links to cities/towns/villages along the river, and "origin" and "mouth" link to locations.

Perhaps the river is linked to states via a "contained by", "located in", or similar property. Let's search for properties related to "contained" or "located".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location
2. Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location
3. Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_contained_by): links to type Partial containment relationship, part of Location schema
4. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
6. Category (fb:geography.geographical_feature.category): links to type Geographical feature category, part of Geographical Feature schema
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
8. Mouth (fb:geography.river.mouth): links to type Location, part of River schema
9. Length (fb:geography.river.length): links to type Floating Point Number, part of River schema
10. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image

No other items found

[Assistant]
There are properties "contained by" (fb:location.location.containedby) and "partially contained by" (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) that link to locations. These may include states.

Let's check what values are linked to the Colorado River via "contained by" and "partially contained by". I'll start with "contained by".

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property                                        | object                     |
| ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby) | North America (fb:m.059g4) |

[Assistant]
The "contained by" property only links the Colorado River to "North America", which is too broad.

Next, let's check the "partially contained by" property for the Colorado River.

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                      | property                                                            | object                                 |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0) |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | California (fb:m.01n7q)                |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Mexico (fb:m.0b90_r)                   |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Utah (fb:m.07srw)                      |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)                    |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Colorado (fb:m.01n4w)                  |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Nevada (fb:m.059_c)                    |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Baja California (fb:m.01ccgq)          |
| Colorado River (fb:m.018qjq) | Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby) | Sonora (fb:m.0ldff)                    |

[Assistant]
The "partially contained by" property links the Colorado River to several U.S. states (California, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada) as well as countries (United States, Mexico) and Mexican states (Baja California, Sonora).

To answer the question "which states does the Colorado River run through?", we should filter for U.S. states.

Step 3: To ensure we only return U.S. states, let's check how to identify which of these objects are U.S. states. One way is to check if the object has a type of "U.S. state".

Let's search for the entity "U.S. state" to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. U.S. state (fb:m.0d0xs): A state of the United States of America is one of the 50 constit...rred certain limited sovereign powers to the federal government., has type Statistical region
2. U.S. state (fb:base.aareas.schema.us.state)
3. U.S. state (fb:m.0hzjm6g)
4. United States Department of State, also known as U.S. State Department (fb:m.07vsl): The United States Department of State, often referred to as the ... order of precedence and in the presidential line of succession., has type Government Agency
5. U.S. state dogs, also known as U.S. official state dogs, U.S. state dog breeds (fb:m.0g5qf2r)
6. U.S. state bats (fb:m.0hgr8fq): As of February, 2011, at least three US states had an official b... state bat. The bill passed 92-15, but died in the state senate.
7. Bats of the United States, also known as U.S. state bats (fb:m.0gh8qyc): Most of the many bat species found in the United States are inse...except for three flower eating species that migrate from Mexico.
8. U.S. States (fb:m.0j48h9f)
9. U.S. states (fb:m.0bpvm79)
10. U.S. states (fb:m.02cpbv7)

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "U.S. state" is fb:m.0d0xs.

Now, let's check which of the objects linked via "partially contained by" are instances of "U.S. state" (fb:m.0d0xs). To do this, we can check the type of each object.

Let's list the types for one of the known U.S. states, e.g., California (fb:m.01n7q).

[Tool]
Got 54 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property | object                                                        |
| ----------------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                       |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                     |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Inanimate (fb:base.type_ontology.inanimate)                   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Agent (fb:base.type_ontology.agent)                           |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Location (fb:location.location)                               |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Organization (fb:organization.organization)                   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Statistical region (fb:location.statistical_region)           |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Dated location (fb:location.dated_location)                   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Administrative Division (fb:location.administrative_division) |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | rdf:type | Literature Subject (fb:book.book_subject)                     |
| ...                     | ...      | ...                                                           |

[Assistant]
California (fb:m.01n7q) has the type "Statistical region" (fb:location.statistical_region) and "Administrative Division" (fb:location.administrative_division), but not directly "U.S. state" (fb:m.0d0xs). It's possible that "U.S. state" is a subtype or connected via another property.

Let's check if California is linked to "U.S. state" via a "type" property.

[Tool]
Got 18,297 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                 | property                                                            | object                                                                    |
| ----------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/iso/3166-2/US-CA                                               |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | California (en)                                                           |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%43%27%44%4A%41%48%31%46%4A%27>             |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125b6pg7r                                                            |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | US State (fb:m.0kpys4)                                                    |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Ang California /ka·li·for·nya/ a...s, Calif. naman ang daglat nito. (fil) |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.01n80                                                                |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | CA (en)                                                                   |
| California (fb:m.01n7q) | Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby)                     | United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0)                                    |
| ...                     | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                       |

[Assistant]
California has a "Notable types" property (fb:common.topic.notable_types) with the value "US State" (fb:m.0kpys4). Let's check what "US State" (fb:m.0kpys4) is.

I'll search for the entity "US State" (fb:m.0kpys4) to see if it's equivalent to "U.S. state" (fb:m.0d0xs) or related.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. US State (fb:location.us_state)
2. US State (fb:m.0kpys4): A US State is one of the fifty sub-national entitites comprising... of America. Each state has its own capital city and government.
3. US State (fb:m.010ny7dd): Text name of US State
4. US State (fb:m.0g4f_7j)
5. US State (fb:m.04nsfy7)
6. US State (fb:m.0bh41nj): has type discussion thread
7. US State (fb:base.wikipedia_infobox.school_district.us_state)
8. US State (fb:base.publicsafety.return_a.us_state)
9. US State Symbols (fb:m.0g5m6s1): Welcome to US State Symbols, a shared, online source of facts an...d the world. Join us and be a part of building and improving it!
10. US States (fb:m.0dg9n4g)

[Assistant]
The entity "US State" (fb:m.0kpys4) is described as one of the fifty sub-national entities comprising the United States of America. This matches our need.

Therefore, to answer the question, we should select the objects linked via "partially contained by" that have "Notable types" (fb:common.topic.notable_types) of "US State" (fb:m.0kpys4).

Now, I will write the SPARQL query to retrieve the U.S. states that the Colorado River runs through, returning their IRIs and optionally their labels.

[Tool]
Got 213 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| state                 | stateLabel         |
| --------------------- | ------------------ |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w) | Colorado (ca)      |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w) | Colorado (cs)      |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w) | Colorado (da)      |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w) | Colorado (de)      |
| Colorado (fb:m.01n4w) | Colorado (en)      |
| ...                   | ...                |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)   | มลรัฐแอริโซนา (th) |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)   | 애리조나 주 (ko)        |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)   | アリゾナ州 (ja)         |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)   | 亚利桑那州 (zh)         |
| Arizona (fb:m.0vmt)   | 亞利桑那州 (zh-Hant)    |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the U.S. states that the Colorado River runs through by selecting all states that are partially contained by the river and filtering for entities of type 'US State.' The answer matches the expected list of states, and the query returns the correct IRIs as required. No further refinement is necessary.