PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0jgd ( fb:location.country.languages_spoken | fb:location.country.official_language ) ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| language                         | languageLabel           |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| Italian Language (fb:m.02bjrlw)  | Italian Language (en)   |
| Guaraní language (fb:m.02w_hsv)  | Guaraní language (en)   |
| Quechuan languages (fb:m.03d9kg) | Quechuan languages (en) |
| Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1)    | Spanish Language (en)   |
| Yiddish Language (fb:m.0880p)    | Yiddish Language (en)   |

The languages spoken in Argentina include Spanish, Italian, Guaraní, Quechuan, and Yiddish. The official language is Spanish.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what language do speak in argentina?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who's betty white?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.025mb_ ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.025mb_ fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Betty White, also known as Betty White Ludden, Gerrie, Betty Marion White Ludden, Betty Marion White (fb:m.025mb_): Betty White Ludden, known professionally as Betty White, is an A...ght Live, a performance which earned her a Primetime Emmy award., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
what school did sergio romo go to?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04cyz8g ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04cyz8g fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Sergio Romo (fb:m.04cyz8g): Sergio Francisco Romo is a Mexican-American professional basebal... clinching games of the NL Division Series and the World Series., has type Baseball Player

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
what's the national sport of puerto rico?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.05r7t ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.05r7t fb:sports.sports_team_location.teams ?x .
}

Using entities:
Puerto Rico, also known as Borinquen, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (fb:m.05r7t): Puerto Rico, officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, is a Un...e, the island's culture and physical landscape were transformed., has type Country

Using properties:
Teams (fb:sports.sports_team_location.teams): part of Sports Team Location schema, links to type Sports Team

[Assistant]
The question is about the language spoken in Argentina. From the examples, we see that the approach is to identify the entity (Argentina) and then find the relevant property that relates the entity to the language spoken.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Argentina" in the knowledge graph.
Step 2: Search for properties related to language for the entity Argentina.
Step 3: Construct a SPARQL query to get the language spoken in Argentina.

I will start by searching for the entity "Argentina".

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Argentina, also known as Agrentina , Argentine Republic, The Argentine (fb:m.0jgd): Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a federal repub...a federation of provinces with Buenos Aires as its capital city., has type Country
2. Government of Argentina, also known as Argentina (fb:m.0hq82): The government of Argentina, functioning within the framework of...iary is independent from the Executive and from the Legislature., has type Author
3. Argentina (fb:m.0j7kl99): Argentina is a genus of herring smelts., has type Organism Classification
4. Argentina (fb:m.0b6mhsj): The Argentina is an Italian river in the province of Imperia., has type River
5. Argentina (fb:m.0760t3): Argentina is a genus of plants in the rose family which is accep...ecies, but classified in Potentilla sect. Leptostylae by others., has type Organism Classification
6. Argentina (fb:m.017j0f4): has type Musical Recording
7. argentina (fb:m.0xd0y2b): has type Musical Recording
8. Argentina (fb:m.0c6zptt): has type Book Edition
9. Argentina (fb:m.0fvh31b): has type Musical Recording
10. Argentina (fb:m.0x3p0w1): has type Consumer product

[Assistant] The entity for Argentina as a country is fb:m.0jgd. Next, I will search for properties related to language for the entity Argentina (fb:m.0jgd).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
2. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
3. Type (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Text
4. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
5. Titles (fb:media_common.netflix_genre.titles): part of Netflix Genre schema, links to type Netflix Title
6. Adjectival form (fb:location.location.adjectival_form): part of Location schema, links to type Text
7. Adjectival form (fb:freebase.linguistic_hint.adjectival_form): part of Linguistic hint schema, links to type Text
8. Adjectival form (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area.adjectival_form): part of Administrative Area schema, links to type Text
9. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): part of Flag referent schema, links to type Flag use
10. Religions (fb:location.statistical_region.religions): links to type Religion percentage, part of Statistical region schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
There are two relevant properties for language related to Argentina:
1. Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken)
2. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language)

I will now construct a SPARQL query to get the languages spoken and official language of Argentina (fb:m.0jgd).

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| language                         | languageLabel           |
| -------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| Italian Language (fb:m.02bjrlw)  | Italian Language (en)   |
| Guaraní language (fb:m.02w_hsv)  | Guaraní language (en)   |
| Quechuan languages (fb:m.03d9kg) | Quechuan languages (en) |
| Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1)    | Spanish Language (en)   |
| Yiddish Language (fb:m.0880p)    | Yiddish Language (en)   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?postalCode WHERE {
  fb:m.0qskp fb:location.citytown.postal_codes ?postalCode .
}

The zip codes for Jonesboro, Arkansas are 72401, 72402, 72403, and 72404.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the zip code for jonesboro ar?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what is the name of justin bieber brother?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06w2sn5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06w2sn5 fb:people.person.sibling_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.sibling_relationship.sibling ?x .
  ?x fb:people.person.gender fb:m.05zppz .
}

Using entities:
Male, also known as Men, Man, Guy, Dude, Boy (fb:m.05zppz): A male organism is the physiological sex that produces sperm. Ea... sex depending on the number of females present in the vicinity., has type Risk Factor
Justin Bieber, also known as J-Beebs, The Bieb, Justin Drew Bieber, Justin, JBiebs (fb:m.06w2sn5): Justin Drew Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Bieber's...o with the most dislikes, and the most views on a Vevo platform., has type Musical Artist

Using properties:
Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
Siblings (fb:people.person.sibling_s): links to type Sibling Relationship, part of Person schema
Sibling (fb:people.sibling_relationship.sibling): part of Sibling Relationship schema, links to type Person

Example 2:
Question:
when is the gold cup cheltenham?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  fb:m.03krjv fb:time.recurring_event.instances ?y .
  ?y fb:time.event.start_date ?x .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?x )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Cheltenham Gold Cup (fb:m.03krjv): The Cheltenham Gold Cup is a Grade 1 National Hunt horse race ru...in June 2011. The 2015 Cheltenham Gold Cup was won by Coneygree., has type Recurring event

Using properties:
Start date (fb:time.event.start_date): links to type Date/Time, part of Event schema
Instances (fb:time.recurring_event.instances): part of Recurring event schema, links to type Event

Example 3:
Question:
where are the nfl redskins from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.084l5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.084l5 fb:sports.sports_team.location ?x .
}

Using entities:
Washington Redskins, also known as The Skins (fb:m.084l5): The Washington Redskins are a professional American football tea... and have an overall postseason record of 23 wins and 17 losses., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Sports Team Location (fb:sports.sports_team.location): links to type Sports Team Location, part of Sports Team schema

[Assistant] The examples show how to find entities and properties related to locations and postal codes. Now, I will search for the entity "Jonesboro, AR" in the knowledge graph to find its identifier. Then, I will look for properties related to postal codes or zip codes for that entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Jonesboro, also known as Craighead County / Jonesboro city, Jonesboro, Arkansas (fb:m.0qskp): Jonesboro is a city in Craighead County, Arkansas, United States... for manufacturing, agriculture, medicine, education, and trade., has type City/Town/Village
2. Jonesboro Junction, also known as Jonesboro Junction, Arkansas (fb:m.0487yb5): has type City/Town/Village
3. Arkansas State University, also known as Arkansas State University, main campus, ASU, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro (fb:m.01qv9m): Arkansas State University is a public university and is the flag...nited States. The university marked its centennial year in 2009., has type College/University
4. Arkansas State University System, also known as Arkansas State University System, Jonesboro (fb:m.02qz4x8): The Arkansas State University System is a collection of ten camp... This move is expected to allow the System more room for growth., has type University system
5. Arkansas State University System Office, also known as Arkansas State University System Office, Jonesboro, Arkansas State University System Office, main campus (fb:m.0clw84r): has type College/University
6. Arkansas, also known as Natural State, AR, Ark (fb:m.0vbk): Arkansas is a state located in the Southern region of the United... The largest city in the eastern part of the state is Jonesboro., has type US State
7. Jonesboro, also known as Clayton County / Jonesboro city, Jonesboro, Georgia (fb:m.0rv4c): Jonesboro is a city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States. T...ar until the Confederacy finally surrendered the following year., has type City/Town/Village
8. Jonesboro, also known as Jonesboro, Illinois, Union County / Jonesboro city (fb:m.0shh4): Jonesboro is a city in Union County, Illinois, United States. Th...cline from 1,853 in 2000. It is the county seat of Union County., has type City/Town/Village
9. Jonesboro, also known as Jackson Parish / Jonesboro town, Jonesboro, Louisiana (fb:m.0tkvp): Jonesboro is a town in and the parish seat of Jackson Parish in ... census. It is part of the Ruston Micropolitan Statistical Area., has type City/Town/Village
10. Jonesboro, also known as Grant County / Jonesboro city, Jonesboro, Indiana (fb:m.0slpy): Jonesboro is a city in Grant County, Indiana, United States, loc... opposite Gas City. The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census., has type City/Town/Village

[Assistant] The entity for Jonesboro, Arkansas is fb:m.0qskp. Next, I will search for properties related to zip code or postal code for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Postal codes (fb:location.citytown.postal_codes): part of City/Town/Village schema, links to type Postal Code
2. Area code (fb:base.wikipedia_infobox.settlement.area_code): part of Settlement schema, links to type Area code
3. Total Residential Addresses (fb:location.hud_foreclosure_area.total_residential_addresses): part of HUD Foreclosure Area schema, links to type Dated Integer
4. Area (fb:location.location.area): links to type Floating Point Number, part of Location schema
5. Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): links to type Time Zone, part of Location schema
6. Geolocation (fb:location.location.geolocation): part of Location schema, links to type Geocode
7. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
8. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
9. County Place ID (fb:location.hud_county_place.countyplace_id): part of HUD County Place schema, links to type Enumeration
10. 90-Day Vacant Residential Addresses (fb:location.hud_foreclosure_area.total_90_day_vacant_residential_addresses): part of HUD Foreclosure Area schema, links to type Dated Integer

No other items found

[Assistant] The property for postal codes related to the city/town is fb:location.citytown.postal_codes. Now, I will query the postal code(s) for Jonesboro, Arkansas using this property.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 1 column:
| postalCode           |
| -------------------- |
| 72401 (fb:m.01z4426) |
| 72404 (fb:m.01z4433) |
| 72403 (fb:m.01z45mm) |
| 72402 (fb:m.07nqgrr) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?invention ?inventionName WHERE {
  fb:m.0h24w fb:law.inventor.inventions ?invention .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?invention fb:type.object.name ?inventionName .
  }
}

Got 42 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| invention              | inventionName  |
| ---------------------- | -------------- |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (ca) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (cs) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (da) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (de) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (el) |
| ...                    | ...            |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | โค้ก (th)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 코카콜라 (ko)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | コカ・コーラ (ja)    |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 可口可乐 (zh)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 可口可樂 (zh-Hant) |

John Pemberton created the drink Coca-Cola.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what drink did john pemberton create?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where are brembo brakes from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07l6ny ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07l6ny fb:organization.organization.place_founded ?x .
}

Using entities:
Brembo (fb:m.07l6ny): Brembo S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of automotive brake sys...h-performance cars and motorcycles based in Bergamo, near Milan., has type Business Operation

Using properties:
Place founded (fb:organization.organization.place_founded): part of Organization schema, links to type Location

Example 2:
Question:
what type of currency is used in the united kingdom?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ssc ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ssc fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
United Kingdom, also known as United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain, UK, U.K. (fb:m.07ssc): The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, common...urth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union., has type Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
what colony is john adams from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03_js ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03_js fb:government.politician.government_positions_held ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.district_represented ?x .
  ?x fb:location.location.containedby fb:m.08csr .
}

Using entities:
John Adams, also known as The Colossus of Independence, The Duke of Braintree, Old Sink or Swim, His Rotundity, Bonny Johnny (fb:m.03_js): John Adams was the second president of the United States, after ...d a leading role in persuading Congress to declare independence., has type US President
Thirteen Colonies, also known as 13 colonies (fb:m.08csr): The Thirteen Colonies, as of 1775, were British colonies on the ...p state governments, and formed a new nation, the United States., has type Location

Using properties:
District represented (if position is district-related) (fb:government.government_position_held.district_represented): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political District
Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held): links to type Government Position Held, part of Politician schema
Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant]
The question is "what drink did John Pemberton create?" We need to find the entity for John Pemberton and then find a property related to the drink he created.

Step 1: Search for the entity "John Pemberton" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. John Pemberton (fb:m.0h24w): John Stith Pemberton was an American pharmacist, and is best known for being the inventor of Coca-Cola., has type Inventor
2. John C. Pemberton, also known as John Pemberton (fb:m.02_qg_): John Clifford Pemberton, was a career United States Army officer...render in the critical Siege of Vicksburg in the summer of 1863., has type Military Commander
3. John Pemberton (fb:m.02qgpmy): John Pemberton is an English former professional footballer and ...pent a brief period as interim manager of the club's first team., has type Football player
4. John Pemberton (fb:m.04jj19k): John Pemberton is an associate professor of anthropology at Colu...y at Columbia, Pemberton taught at the University of Washington., has type Academic
5. John Pemberton (fb:m.04n6m7f): John "Jack" Pemberton was an Australian rules footballer who pla...iled to experience a win either as a player or coach in the VFL., has type Australian Rules Footballer
6. John Pemberton (fb:m.05wk10h): has type Author
7. John Pemberton (fb:m.0t_8wsy): John Pemberton is an actor., has type Film actor
8. John Pemberton (fb:m.04r039p)
9. John Pemberton (fb:m.03t75g1)
10. Johnny Pemberton (fb:m.09j61nb): Johnny Pemberton is an actor., has type TV Actor

[Assistant]
The entity "John Pemberton" with the description "John Stith Pemberton was an American pharmacist, and is best known for being the inventor of Coca-Cola." (fb:m.0h24w) seems to be the correct one related to the question about the drink he created.

Step 2: Search for properties of this entity that might relate to the drink he created. I will search for properties related to "drink" or "create" for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
2. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
4. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
6. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
7. Daylife Topic (fb:common.identity.daylife_topic): links to type Enumeration, part of Identity schema
8. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
9. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
10. Date of death (fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Date/Time

No other items found

[Assistant] There are no direct properties related to "drink" or "create" for the entity John Pemberton. I will try searching for properties related to "invent" for this entity, as he is known as an inventor.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Inventions (fb:law.inventor.inventions): links to type Invention, part of Inventor schema
2. Things named after this (fb:symbols.name_source.namesakes): part of Name source schema, links to type Namesake
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
5. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
6. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
7. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
8. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
9. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
10. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Inventions" (fb:law.inventor.inventions) seems to be the relevant property that links John Pemberton to his inventions. I will now query the inventions of John Pemberton using this property.

[Tool]
Got 42 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| invention              | inventionName  |
| ---------------------- | -------------- |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (ca) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (cs) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (da) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (de) |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | Coca-Cola (el) |
| ...                    | ...            |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | โค้ก (th)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 코카콜라 (ko)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | コカ・コーラ (ja)    |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 可口可乐 (zh)      |
| Coca-Cola (fb:m.01yvs) | 可口可樂 (zh-Hant) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?senator WHERE {
  fb:m.026kt_6 fb:government.governmental_body.members ?senator .
}

Got 25 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| senator         |
| --------------- |
| fb:g.11b7vvyb3f |
| fb:g.11b7vycvlf |
| fb:g.11btwjcmnm |
| fb:g.11btwjd5h9 |
| fb:g.11c3k9pqnk |
| ...             |
| fb:m.0wyyz3q    |
| fb:m.0x170bg    |
| fb:m.0z4g3bn    |
| fb:m.0z4gnnx    |
| fb:m.0z4gsmj    |

The Louisiana state senators are the members of the Louisiana State Senate (fb:m.026kt_6). Here are their identifiers in the knowledge graph: fb:g.11b7vvyb3f, fb:g.11b7vycvlf, fb:g.11btwjcmnm, fb:g.11btwjd5h9, fb:g.11c3k9pqnk, fb:m.0wyyz3q, fb:m.0x170bg, fb:m.0z4g3bn, fb:m.0z4gnnx, fb:m.0z4gsmj, and others.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who is louisiana state senator?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who is the manager of the st louis cardinals?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06x68 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06x68 fb:baseball.baseball_team.current_manager ?x .
}

Using entities:
St. Louis Cardinals, also known as Rally Squirrel, Saint Louis Cardinals, Redbirds, Cards (fb:m.06x68): The St. Louis Cardinals are a professional baseball team based i...n outright in 1886 in a storied rivalry that continues on today., Under the Arch that signifies the Gateway to the American West, ...pionships, nine Division Titles and thirty-seven Hall of Famers., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Current Manager (fb:baseball.baseball_team.current_manager): links to type Baseball Manager, part of Baseball Team schema

Example 2:
Question:
who are the famous athletes in kenya?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019rg5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019rg5 fb:sports.sport_country.athletic_performances ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.competitor_competition_relationship.competitors ?x .
}

Using entities:
Kenya, also known as Republic of Kenya (fb:m.019rg5): Kenya /ˈkɛnjə/, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country i...hiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes., has type Country

Using properties:
Competitors (fb:sports.competitor_competition_relationship.competitors): part of Competitor/competition relationship schema, links to type Tournament event competitor
Athletic performances (fb:sports.sport_country.athletic_performances): links to type Competitor/competition relationship, part of Sport Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
where's the hudson river?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0cvyp ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0cvyp fb:location.location.containedby ?x .
}

Using entities:
Hudson River, also known as Great Mohegan (fb:m.0cvyp): The Hudson River is a 315-mile river that flows from north to so...pper New York Bay, but he considered the river to be an estuary., has type River

Using properties:
Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant] I see that the examples show how to find entities related to a location or a role. Now, I will search for the entity "Louisiana" to get its identifier in the knowledge graph. Then, I will search for properties related to "state senator" or similar terms to find the relevant property that links Louisiana to its state senators.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Louisiana, also known as LA, Sugar State, Sportsman's Paradise, Pelican State (fb:m.04ly1): Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the Unite...ecies, including many species of orchids and carnivorous plants., has type US State
2. Louisiana, also known as Louisiana (New France) (fb:m.06c97m): Louisiana or French Louisiana was an administrative district of ...art to Spain as compensation for that country's loss of Florida., has type Location
3. Louisiana, also known as Louisiana, Missouri, Pike County / Louisiana city (fb:m.0wz6q): Louisiana is a city in Pike County, Missouri, United States. The... for a former US Speaker of the House from nearby Bowling Green., has type City/Town/Village
4. Louisiana, also known as Louisiana (New Spain) (fb:m.02ptx6c): Louisiana was the name of an administrative district of the Vice...g Louis XIV in 1682. It is sometimes known as Spanish Louisiana., has type Location
5. Louisiana (fb:m.013ck9x): has type Musical Recording
6. Louisiana (fb:m.0smk4_): has type Musical Recording
7. Lyman C. Josephs House, also known as Louisiana, Lyman C. Joseph House, Middletown (fb:m.043qsrr): The Lyman C. Josephs House, also known as Louisiana, is an histo...e was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975., has type Building
8. Drums O' Voodoo, also known as Louisiana, She Devill (fb:m.08mmmq): Drums O' Voodoo is a film about voodoo. The film was written by ...ed by Arthur Hoerl, based on the play by Smith of the same name., has type Film
9. Louisiana (fb:m.012ngw_h): Louisiana is a 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Robe.... The film was released on July 20, 1919, by Paramount Pictures.
10. Louisiana (fb:m.0dmrtfk): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] The entity for the state Louisiana is fb:m.04ly1. Now I will search for properties related to "state senator" or "senator" for this entity to find the relevant property that links Louisiana to its state senators.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Representatives (fb:government.political_district.representatives): links to type Government Position Held, part of Political District schema
2. Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema
3. Elections (fb:government.political_district.elections): part of Political District schema, links to type Election contest
4. Country (fb:base.locations.states_and_provences.country): part of States and provinces schema, links to type Countries
5. Country (fb:location.administrative_division.country): part of Administrative Division schema, links to type Country
6. Country (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.country): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Location
7. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
8. Government bodies (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_bodies): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Governmental Body
9. Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
10. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Government positions" (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions) seems relevant as it links to government offices or titles, which could include state senators. I will now check what government positions are linked to Louisiana (fb:m.04ly1) using this property.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                | property                                                                            | object                                         |
| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| Louisiana (fb:m.04ly1) | Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions) | Governor of Louisiana (fb:m.04ktp6d)           |
| Louisiana (fb:m.04ly1) | Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions) | Secretary of State of Louisiana (fb:m.04m_nvm) |
| Louisiana (fb:m.04ly1) | Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions) | Louisiana Attorney General (fb:m.0hzbx9j)      |

[Assistant] The property "government_positions" for Louisiana lists Governor, Secretary of State, and Attorney General, but no direct mention of state senators. I will try to search for the entity "Louisiana State Senate" to see if it exists as a separate entity. Then I can find its members.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Louisiana State Senate (fb:m.026kt_6): The Louisiana State Senate is the upper house of the state legis...dent is a Democrat-turned-Republican, John Alario from Westwego., has type Governmental Body
2. President of the Louisiana State Senate (fb:m.0wqyvqq): The President of the Louisiana State Senate is the highest-ranki...lature is the Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives.
3. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 2010 (fb:m.0557xzd): The 2010 United States Senate election in Louisiana was held on ...bent U.S. Senator David Vitter won re-election to a second term., has type Election contest
4. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 2008 (fb:m.02pymrw): The 2008 United States Senate election in Louisiana was held on ...atic U.S. Senator Mary Landrieu won re-election to a third term., has type Election contest
5. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 2004 (fb:m.04n2pqm): The 2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana was held on ...on the jungle primary with 51% of the vote and avoided a runoff., has type Election contest
6. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 1998 (fb:m.080lw14): The 1998 United States Senate election in Louisiana was held on ...mocrat U.S. Senator John Breaux won re-election to a third term., has type Election contest
7. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 2002 (fb:m.04y90kq): The 2002 United States Senate election in Louisiana was held on ...drieu's subsequent run-off victory, "Operation Pie in the Face"., has type Election contest
8. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 1996 (fb:m.04_0flz): The 1996 Louisiana United States Senate election was held on Nov...margin of 927,837 votes to 712,586 cast for Republican Bob Dole., has type Election contest
9. United States Senate election in Louisiana, 1992 (fb:m.0r8l0tq): The 1992 United States Senate election in Louisiana took place o... primary on October 3, 1992, winning reelection to another term.
10. Louisiana’s 9th State Senate district election, 2008 (fb:m.04v6hxj): has type Election contest

[Assistant] The Louisiana State Senate entity is fb:m.026kt_6. Now I will search for properties related to members or senators of this entity to find the state senators.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Members (fb:government.governmental_body.members): links to type Government Position Held, part of Governmental Body schema
2. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema
3. Official website (fb:common.topic.official_website): part of Topic schema, links to type URI
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
5. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
8. Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
9. Body this is a component of (fb:government.governmental_body.body_this_is_a_component_of): part of Governmental Body schema, links to type Governmental Body
10. Web Link(s) (fb:common.topic.webpage): links to type Webpage, part of Topic schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Members" (fb:government.governmental_body.members) seems to be the relevant property to find the members of the Louisiana State Senate. I will now query for the members of the Louisiana State Senate using this property.

[Tool]
Got 25 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| senator         | senatorLabel |
| --------------- | ------------ |
| fb:g.11b7vvyb3f |              |
| fb:g.11b7vycvlf |              |
| fb:g.11btwjcmnm |              |
| fb:g.11btwjd5h9 |              |
| fb:g.11c3k9pqnk |              |
| ...             | ...          |
| fb:m.0wyyz3q    |              |
| fb:m.0x170bg    |              |
| fb:m.0z4g3bn    |              |
| fb:m.0z4gnnx    |              |
| fb:m.0z4gsmj    |              |

[Assistant] I found 25 members of the Louisiana State Senate, but most of them do not have English labels in the results. I will try to get the English labels for these members by querying their labels separately to provide a more informative answer.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| senator         | senatorLabel |
| --------------- | ------------ |
| fb:g.11b7vvyb3f |              |
| fb:g.11b7vycvlf |              |
| fb:g.11btwjcmnm |              |
| fb:g.11btwjd5h9 |              |
| fb:g.11c3k9pqnk |              |
| fb:m.0wyyz3q    |              |
| fb:m.0x170bg    |              |
| fb:m.0z4g3bn    |              |
| fb:m.0z4gnnx    |              |
| fb:m.0z4gsmj    |              |

[Assistant] The members of the Louisiana State Senate do not seem to have English labels available in the knowledge graph. However, I can provide the identifiers of the members as the answer to the question "Who is Louisiana state senator?" since these are the state senators according to the knowledge graph. I will now finalize the answer with the SPARQL query that retrieves the members of the Louisiana State Senate.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country ?countryLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.047sxrj fb:people.person.nationality ?country .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?countryLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Nicki Minaj is from the United States of America.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what country is nicki minaj from?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what is the currency in the republic of congo?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01rxw ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01rxw fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Congo, also known as Congo Brazzaville, Congo-Brazzaville, Republic of Congo (fb:m.01rxw): The Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo Republic, West Co...dent Denis Sassou Nguesso has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years., has type Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
where was leonardo da vinci when he died?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04lg6 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04lg6 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?x .
}

Using entities:
Leonardo da Vinci, also known as Da Vinci, Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, Leonardo DaVinci, Leonardo (fb:m.04lg6):     Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519..., their fame approached only by Michelangelo's Creation of Adamn, Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, more commonly Leonardo da Vinci,...hat the empirical methods he employed were unusual for his time., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Location

Example 3:
Question:
where is located university of leeds?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01bzs9 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01bzs9 fb:location.location.containedby ?x .
}

Using entities:
University of Leeds, also known as Leeds University, University of Leeds, main campus (fb:m.01bzs9): The University of Leeds is a redbrick university located in Leed...outside the top ten British universities by financial endowment., has type College/University

Using properties:
Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant] I have seen examples where the country of an entity is queried using properties related to location or nationality. Now, I will search for the entity "Nicki Minaj" in the Freebase knowledge graph to find the correct identifier for her.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nicki Minaj, also known as Onika Tanya Maraj, Onika Tonya Maraj, Point Dexter, Princess of Pop, Queen of Hip-Hop (fb:m.047sxrj): Onika Tanya Maraj, better known by her stage name Nicki Minaj, i...and also had a supporting role in the 2014 film The Other Woman., has type Celebrity
2. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.0jb0j64): Cycle 17 features the first-ever All-Star cast, with fan favorit...e judges' panel for the first elimination of the All-Star cycle., has type TV Episode
3. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.0g0dbj6): has type TV Episode
4. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.0129t7c6): has type Musical Recording
5. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.0mthrxw): has type TV Episode
6. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.0wrrscc): has type TV Episode
7. Nicki Minaj (fb:m.012b5zby)
8. Nicki Minaj Speaks (fb:m.0np03yq): has type Musical Recording
9. Nicki Minaj cropped (fb:m.0dhcp0w)
10. Nicki Minaj Speaks (fb:m.0npczwq)

[Assistant] The entity for Nicki Minaj is fb:m.047sxrj. Now I will search for properties related to country or nationality for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
2. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
4. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
5. Member of (fb:music.group_member.membership): links to type Musical Group Membership, part of Musician schema
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
7. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
8. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
9. Places lived (fb:people.person.places_lived): links to type Place lived, part of Person schema
10. Content (fb:broadcast.artist.content): links to type Broadcast Content, part of Broadcast Artist schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Country of nationality" (fb:people.person.nationality) seems to be the most relevant to answer the question about the country Nicki Minaj is from. I will now write a SPARQL query to retrieve the country of nationality for Nicki Minaj.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| country                                | countryLabel                  |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0) | United States of America (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process