PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?officeHolder ?officeHolderLabel ?from ?to WHERE {
  fb:m.016wzw fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?official .
  ?official fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  ?official fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?officeHolder .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?officeHolder rdfs:label ?officeHolderLabel FILTER ( lang( ?officeHolderLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?official fb:government.government_position_held.from ?from
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?official fb:government.government_position_held.to ?to
  }
  FILTER ( ! BOUND( ?to ) || ?to >= xsd:date ( NOW () ) )
}
ORDER BY DESC ( ?from )
LIMIT 1

The SPARQL query correctly identifies the current president of Peru based on the knowledge graph data by filtering for the latest start date and no end date or an end date in the future. However, the knowledge graph data appears outdated as it returns Ollanta Humala, who was president from 2011 to 2016. Therefore, the answer may not reflect the actual current president of Peru.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who is the president of peru now?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who has played edward quartermaine on general hospital?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0358x_ ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0358x_ fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.026plrr .
}

Using entities:
Edward Quartermaine (fb:m.026plrr): Edward Louis Quartermaine is a fictional character from the ABC ...6, he portrayed Edward up until his death on September 16, 2012., has type TV Character
General Hospital (fb:m.0358x_): General Hospital is an American daytime television medical drama...ally set it in a general hospital, in an unnamed fictional city., has type TV Program

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 2:
Question:
what currency does the dominican republic?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.027rn ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.027rn fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Dominican Republic, also known as República Dominicana (fb:m.027rn): The Dominican Republic is a country on the island of Hispaniola,...y removed by the Haitian government and Dominican slave revolts., has type Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
what do costa ricans speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01p8s ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01p8s fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
Costa Rica, also known as Republic of Costa Rica (fb:m.01p8s): Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country ...orld as of 2012, among the highest of any Latin American nation., has type Country

Using properties:
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, we see that to find the president of a country, we need to identify the entity for the country (Peru) and then find the property related to the president or head of state.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Peru" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Peru (fb:m.016wzw): Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western S..., three years after proclamation, Peru ensured its independence., has type Country
2. Peru, also known as Peru, Indiana, Miami County / Peru city (fb:m.0sntl): Peru is a city in, and the county seat of, Miami County, Indiana...ers commonly use the archaic pronunciation of /ˈpɪəruː/ PEER-oo., has type City/Town/Village
3. Peru, also known as LaSalle County / Peru city, Peru, Illinois (fb:m.0s9rf): Peru is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. The p...and its twin city, LaSalle, make up the core of Illinois Valley., has type City/Town/Village
4. Peru, also known as Peru, Nebraska, Nemaha County / Peru city (fb:m.0x8cp): Peru is a city in Nemaha County, Nebraska, United States. The po...s 865 at the 2010 census. Peru State College is located in Peru., has type City/Town/Village
5. Peru, also known as Chautauqua County / Peru city, Peru, Kansas (fb:m.0t5px): Peru is a city in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 139., has type City/Town/Village
6. Peru, also known as Peru, Massachusetts (fb:m.0tyg7): Peru is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 847 at the 2010 census., has type City/Town/Village
7. Peru, also known as Peru, Vermont (fb:m.010hrl): Peru is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The...that had been described as 36 square miles of "trees and bears"., has type City/Town/Village
8. Peru, also known as Peru, New York (fb:m.01mbmm): Peru is a town in Clinton County in the U.S. state of New York. ...n the southeastern part of Clinton County, south of Plattsburgh., has type City/Town/Village
9. Perú (fb:m.0g57q6d): Perú is a station on Line A of the Buenos Aires Underground. Pas...Catedral Station on Line D and to the Bolívar Station on Line E., has type Transit Stop
10. Peru, also known as Peru, Maine (fb:m.0tq_6): Peru is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The popul...s 1,541 at the 2010 census. In 1970 the town had 1345 residents., has type City/Town/Village

[Assistant] The entity for the country Peru is fb:m.016wzw. Next, I will search for properties related to the president or head of state of Peru. I will search for properties of the entity Peru (fb:m.016wzw) with the query "president".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Government (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government
2. Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
3. Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema
4. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): links to type Organization membership, part of Organization member schema
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
6. Government positions (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government_positions): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema
7. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
8. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
9. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): part of Flag referent schema, links to type Flag use
10. Military Commanders (fb:military.military_combatant.military_commanders): part of Military Combatant schema, links to type Military Command

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Governing officials" (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials) seems relevant to find the president or head of state of Peru. I will now query for the governing officials of Peru (fb:m.016wzw).

[Tool]
Got 34 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| official      | officialLabel |
| ------------- | ------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_3c |               |
| fb:m.010gf_5z |               |
| fb:m.010gfz8j |               |
| fb:m.010gfzbs |               |
| fb:m.010gfzff |               |
| ...           | ...           |
| fb:m.0j5zclw  |               |
| fb:m.0_sgqxm  |               |
| fb:m.0w83408  |               |
| fb:m.0yp_d4w  |               |
| fb:m.0yp_lhq  |               |

[Assistant] There are 34 governing officials for Peru, but no labels are provided for these officials in the query results. To identify the president, I will check the type or role of these officials. I will query the types and labels of the first few officials to see if any of them are presidents.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| official      | type                                                              | typeLabel                     |
| ------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_3c | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) | Government Position Held (en) |
| fb:m.010gf_5z | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) | Government Position Held (en) |
| fb:m.010gfz8j | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) | Government Position Held (en) |
| fb:m.010gfzbs | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) | Government Position Held (en) |
| fb:m.010gfzff | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) | Government Position Held (en) |

[Assistant] The officials are of type "Government Position Held". I will now query the labels and the positions (roles) they hold to identify which one is the president. I will check the position held by these officials.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant] The officials do not have a direct property for the office they hold. I will try a different approach: I will query the properties of one of these officials (fb:m.010gf_3c) to see if there is any property indicating the position or role.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
2. Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
3. From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
5. To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
6. Jurisdiction of office (fb:government.government_position_held.jurisdiction_of_office): links to type Governmental Jurisdiction, part of Government Position Held schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Basic title" (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title) seems to indicate the position or role held. I will query the basic titles of the officials to find the president.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| official      | title                          | titleLabel            |
| ------------- | ------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| fb:m.010gf_3c | President (fb:m.060c4)         | President (en)        |
| fb:m.010gf_5z | President (fb:m.060c4)         | President (en)        |
| fb:m.010gfz8j | President (fb:m.060c4)         | President (en)        |
| fb:m.010gfzbs | President (fb:m.060c4)         | President (en)        |
| fb:m.010gfzff | Acting President (fb:m.01zdtb) | Acting President (en) |

[Assistant] The officials have titles "President" and "Acting President". To find the current president, I will check the office holders of these positions with the most recent or current dates. I will query the office holders for the title "President" (fb:m.060c4) and "Acting President" (fb:m.01zdtb) in Peru.

[Tool] Got no rows and 5 columns

[Assistant] There are no direct positions of type "President" with office holders for Peru. I will try a different approach: I will query the office holders of the governing officials of Peru and check their titles and dates to find the current president.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 7 columns:
| official      | officeHolder                         | officeHolderLabel          | title                       | titleLabel          | from                  | to                    |
| ------------- | ------------------------------------ | -------------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------- |
| fb:m.011c1dkp | Ana Jara Velásquez (fb:m.011cb16t)   | Ana Jara Velásquez (en)    | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2014-07-22 (xsd:date) |                       |
| fb:m.0_sgqxm  | René Cornejo (fb:m.0_v3wz1)          | René Cornejo (en)          | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2014-02-24 (xsd:date) | 2014-07-22 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.0yp_lhq  | César Villanueva (fb:m.0yp_fg1)      | César Villanueva (en)      | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2013-10-31 (xsd:date) | 2014-02-24 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.0yp_d4w  | Juan Jiménez Mayor (fb:m.0kfzb04)    | Juan Jiménez Mayor (en)    | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2012-07-23 (xsd:date) | 2013-10-31 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.010gg5r2 | Oscar Valdés (fb:m.0hrckbk)          | Oscar Valdés (en)          | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2011-12-11 (xsd:date) | 2012-07-23 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.010gg5t3 | Salomón Lerner Ghitis (fb:m.0h1g0cd) | Salomón Lerner Ghitis (en) | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) | 2011-12-10 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.0j5zclw  | Ollanta Humala (fb:m.0d2m0y)         | Ollanta Humala (en)        | President (fb:m.060c4)      | President (en)      | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) |                       |
| fb:m.010gg417 | Marisol Espinoza (fb:m.0fwbqy)       | Marisol Espinoza (en)      | Vice President (fb:m.0dq3c) | Vice President (en) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) |                       |
| fb:m.010gg42h | Omar Chehade (fb:m.0h1cf8v)          | Omar Chehade (en)          | Vice President (fb:m.0dq3c) | Vice President (en) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) | 2012-01-16 (xsd:date) |
| fb:m.010gg5w8 | Rosario Fernández (fb:m.0gj8m39)     | Rosario Fernández (en)     | Prime minister (fb:m.060bp) | Prime minister (en) | 2011-03-19 (xsd:date) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) |

[Assistant]
The query results show several officials with their titles and office holders. The latest president listed is Ollanta Humala with the title "President" starting from 2011-07-28, but there is no end date, which might indicate he is the current president according to this data. However, this information might be outdated.

I will now check if there is a more recent president by searching for the entity "President of Peru" to see if there is a current office holder property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. President of Peru (fb:g.12384n8z): President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., has type Government Office or Title
2. Vice President of Peru, also known as Vice Presidents of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.0cf56k): The Republic of Peru has two Vice Presidents who are elected alo...ice Presidents are first in the Presidential line of succession., has type Government Office or Title
3. President Fujimori of Peru (fb:m.06k4b8t): has type Book
4. First Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxx0s): First Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., has type Government Office or Title
5. Second Vice President of Peru (fb:m.010vxxgh): Second Vice President of Peru is a government office or title in Peru., has type Government Office or Title
6. Prime Minister of Peru, also known as President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (fb:m.0yp_d4z): The Prime Minister of Peru which is formally the President of th...Council of Ministers, and is appointed by the President of Peru., has type Government Office or Title
7. Agustín Gamarra, Provisional President of the Republic of Peru (fb:m.04rt4zs)
8. president of (fb:m.0c0nm9y)
9. President of Germany (fb:m.0gg1y): The President of Germany, officially the President of the Federa...ents the state itself, its existence, its legitimacy, and unity., has type Government Office or Title
10. President of Russia, also known as российский президент, президент РФ, президент Российской Федерации, президент России, Russian President (fb:m.01jrl6): The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state, Su...n of the upper house of parliament becomes acting head of state., has type Government Office or Title

[Assistant] The entity for "President of Peru" is fb:g.12384n8z. I will now query for the current office holder of the President of Peru.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] There is no direct property "government_office_held_by" for the entity "President of Peru" in the data. I will try to find the current president by querying the persons who have held the position of President of Peru and order by the most recent start date.

[Tool] Got no rows and 4 columns

[Assistant]
There are no entries for persons holding the position of "President of Peru" directly linked to that entity. Given the earlier results, the best available information is from the governing officials of Peru, where Ollanta Humala was listed as President starting from 2011 without an end date.

I will finalize the answer based on this information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query returned Alberto Fujimori as the president of Peru, which is incorrect for the current president. The answer given is Ollanta Humala, but he is also not the current president. The query should be refined to ensure it retrieves the current office holder, not a past one. This can be done by filtering for the most recent or currently active government position held. Also, the query should not limit to just one result without ensuring it is the current president. Please revise the query to correctly identify the current president of Peru.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To refine the query, I will focus on filtering the government positions held for Peru with the title "President" and ensure that the position is currently active by checking that the "to" date is either missing or in the future. Then I will retrieve the office holder of that position.

I will write a SPARQL query to find the current president of Peru by filtering for the most recent or currently active government position held with the title "President".

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| officeHolder                 | officeHolderLabel   | from                  | to  |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------- | --- |
| Ollanta Humala (fb:m.0d2m0y) | Ollanta Humala (en) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) |     |

[Assistant]
The query still returns Ollanta Humala as the current president, which is outdated information. This suggests the knowledge graph data might not be up-to-date for the current president of Peru.

Given this limitation, I will provide the best possible answer based on the data available in the knowledge graph, noting that the data might not reflect the current real-world president.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the president of Peru with the latest start date and no end date, which is a good approach to find the current president. However, the answer states that Ollanta Humala is the current president, which is outdated information. Ollanta Humala was president from 2011 to 2016. The knowledge graph data might be outdated, but the query itself is logically correct. To improve, consider verifying if the knowledge graph has more recent data or cross-check with other sources. Also, the query could be refined to ensure it excludes any office holders with an end date before today more explicitly. Overall, the output is sensible but the answer is not up-to-date, so refinement is needed.

[Assistant]
The query logic to find the current president of Peru by filtering for the latest start date and no end date or an end date in the future is correct. However, the knowledge graph data appears outdated as it returns Ollanta Humala, who was president from 2011 to 2016.

To explicitly exclude office holders with an end date before today, I will refine the filter condition. Also, I will check if there are any office holders with more recent start dates or no end dates that might indicate a more current president.

I will refine the query to explicitly exclude office holders with an end date before today and order by the most recent start date.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 4 columns:
| officeHolder                 | officeHolderLabel   | from                  | to  |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------- | --- |
| Ollanta Humala (fb:m.0d2m0y) | Ollanta Humala (en) | 2011-07-28 (xsd:date) |     |

[Assistant]
The refined query still returns Ollanta Humala as the current president, indicating the knowledge graph data is not updated with more recent presidents of Peru.

Given the limitations of the data, the best I can do is provide the logically correct query and note that the knowledge graph data might be outdated.

I will finalize the answer with this explanation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country WHERE {
  fb:m.07hcc fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned ?tomb .
  ?tomb fb:location.location.containedby ?country .
  ?country fb:type.object.type fb:location.location .
  FILTER NOT EXISTS {
    ?country fb:location.location.containedby ?parent .
  }
}

King Tut's tomb was found in the country Egypt.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what country was king tut's tomb found?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where is tom cruise from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07r1h ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07r1h fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Tom Cruise, also known as Thomas "Tom" Cruise Mapother IV, Tomu Kurûzu, Tom, Thomas Mapother IV, Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (fb:m.07r1h): Tom Cruise is an American actor and filmmaker. Cruise has been n...ire, the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut, and the drama Magnolia., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
who does the voice of lois in family guy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.019nnl ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.019nnl fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.03pcqz .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.special_performance_type fb:m.02nsjvf .
}

Using entities:
Family Guy, also known as I Griffin (fb:m.019nnl): Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth ... in 2004 for a fourth season, which began airing on May 1, 2005., has type TV Program
Voice (fb:m.02nsjvf): A voice performance (on film, television, etc.) is one in which ... when an actor's voice is dubbed in over another actor's speech., has type Special film performance type
Lois Griffin, also known as Lois Griffin as Princess Leia, Lois Pewterschmidt (fb:m.03pcqz): Lois Patrice Griffin is a main character from the animated telev...ommercials and books—and inspired an entire line of merchandise., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Special performance type (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.special_performance_type): links to type Special TV performance type, part of TV Regular Performance schema
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 3:
Question:
where did the founder of google go to college?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  fb:m.045c7b fb:organization.organization.founders ?y .
  ?y fb:people.person.education ?z .
  ?z fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Google, also known as Google, Inc., Google Inc (fb:m.045c7b): Google is an American multinational technology company specializ...cquisitions and partnerships beyond Google's core search engine., Google Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOG) is an American multinational corporat...cts, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond the company's core..., has type Award Winner

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Founders (fb:organization.organization.founders): links to type Organization founder, part of Organization schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant] I will now search for the entity "King Tut" to find the correct entity identifier in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Tutankhamun, also known as Tutankhaten, Tut-Ankh-Amen, Tutankhamen, Nebkheperura Tutankhamun, King Tut (fb:m.07hcc): Tutankhamun was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, during ...mbol. Exhibits of artifacts from his tomb have toured the world., has type Monarch
2. King Tut (fb:m.0n4nbg): has type Musical Recording
3. King Tut (fb:m.0156y5n): has type Musical Recording
4. King Tut (fb:m.0dtqtmg): has type Musical Recording
5. Darnell Brittingham, also known as King Tut (fb:m.05m2lh1): Darnell "King Tut" Brittingham was a rapper who committed suicid...fore police could arrest him for stabbing a woman in New Jersey., has type Deceased Person
6. King Tut (fb:m.0f07wk5): has type Musical Recording
7. King Tut (fb:m.0f9208c): has type Musical Recording
8. King Tut (fb:m.0c_9jf): "King Tut" is a novelty song performed by Steve Martin and the T...t expensive productions the show had attempted up to that point., has type Composition
9. King Tut (fb:m.0yy_q0): has type Musical Recording
10. King Tut (fb:m.0q72lfq): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] The entity "Tutankhamun" (fb:m.07hcc) corresponds to King Tut, the Egyptian pharaoh. Now, I will search for properties related to the tomb or burial place of Tutankhamun to find the country where his tomb was found.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Tomb owned (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned): part of Tomb owner schema, links to type Tomb
2. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Location
3. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
4. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant] There is no direct property related to the tomb or burial place country for Tutankhamun. I will try to find the tomb entity related to Tutankhamun using the property "Tomb owned" and then find the country where that tomb is located.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                  | property                                                | object             |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| Tutankhamun (fb:m.07hcc) | Tomb owned (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned) | KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) |
| Tutankhamun (fb:m.07hcc) | Tomb owned (fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned) | KV54 (fb:m.08cvnf) |

[Assistant] Tutankhamun owned tombs KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) and KV54 (fb:m.08cvnf). I will now check the location or country of these tombs.

[Tool]
Got 355 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /en/kv62                                                                 |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Graf DK 62 (nl)                                                          |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%45%42%28%31%29_62>                        |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125734n81                                                           |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Location (fb:m.01n7)                                                     |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | A Királyok völgye 62 Tutanhamon ...eztek kitörölni az emlékezetből. (hu) |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.01qg6v                                                              |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | The tomb of Tutankhamun (en)                                             |
| KV62 (fb:m.01qg6m) | Contained by (fb:location.location.containedby)                     | Egypt (fb:m.02k54)                                                       |
| ...                | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] The tomb KV62, which is the tomb of Tutankhamun, is contained by the location Egypt (fb:m.02k54). I will now confirm the country name for fb:m.02k54.

[Tool]
Got 44 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                   | object       |
| ------------------ | -------------------------- | ------------ |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Ägypten (de) |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Ai Cập (vi)  |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egipat (hr)  |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egipt (pl)   |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egipt (ro)   |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egipt (sl)   |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egiptas (lt) |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egipte (ca)  |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Ēģipte (lv)  |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Egiptio (eo) |
| ...                | ...                        | ...          |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query returns two results: Egypt and Valley of the Kings. The Valley of the Kings is a location within Egypt, not a country. The question specifically asks for the country where King Tut's tomb was found, so the query should be refined to return only the country, Egypt. This can be done by ensuring the location returned is of type country or by filtering out subnational locations. The current answer is correct, but the query result includes an irrelevant location that should be excluded for clarity and precision.

[Assistant] Thank you for the feedback. I will refine the SPARQL query to ensure that only the country is returned by filtering for entities that have the type "Country." I will check the type of the location and restrict the result to those that are of type Country.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=retry):
The SPARQL query did not return any results, indicating it failed to correctly identify the country where King Tut's tomb was found. The query attempts to find a tomb owned by King Tut and then find the country containing that tomb. However, the property fb:base.ancientegypt.tomb_owner.tomb_owned might not be the correct or complete property to link King Tut to his tomb in Freebase. Also, the location containment might be indirect or require additional steps. The query should be revised to ensure it correctly links King Tut to his tomb and then to the country, possibly by exploring alternative properties or paths. Additionally, verifying the correct Freebase types and properties for tombs and locations is recommended. The answer 'Egypt' is correct, but the query must be fixed to retrieve this from the knowledge graph.

[Assistant]
I understand the issue. The previous query did not return results because the property for tomb ownership or the type for country might not be correctly used or complete. I will revise the approach:

1. Confirm the property linking King Tut to his tomb.
2. Check the location hierarchy for the tomb to find the country.
3. Verify the correct Freebase type for country.

I will start by checking the types of the entity "Egypt" (fb:m.02k54) to confirm the correct type for country in Freebase.

[Tool]
Got 51 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject            | property                   | object                                                          |
| ------------------ | -------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                         |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                       |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Inanimate (fb:base.type_ontology.inanimate)                     |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Agent (fb:base.type_ontology.agent)                             |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Location (fb:location.location)                                 |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Statistical region (fb:location.statistical_region)             |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Dated location (fb:location.dated_location)                     |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Literature Subject (fb:book.book_subject)                       |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Organization founder (fb:organization.organization_founder)     |
| Egypt (fb:m.02k54) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Administrative Area (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area) |
| ...                | ...                        | ...                                                             |

[Assistant] The entity Egypt (fb:m.02k54) is of type Location (fb:location.location) and Administrative Area (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area), but there is no direct indication of a "Country" type. I will now check the types of other known countries to see if there is a consistent type for countries in Freebase. I will search for the entity "France" and check its types.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. France, also known as French Republic, République française, l'Hexagone (fb:m.0f8l9c): France, officially the French Republic, is a sovereign state com...g and paving the way for a future centralized absolute monarchy., has type Country
2. Political system of France, also known as France (fb:m.02wxh): has type Radio station owner
3. Francia, also known as France, No necesitamos a nadie, França, El caso de los anónimos (fb:m.0k976sv): Francia is a 2009 Argentina film directed by Uruguayan Adrián Caetano, starring Natalia Oreiro., has type Film
4. France (fb:m.0fr7f6): The France Pavilion is part of the World Showcase within Epcot a...ts location is between the Morocco and United Kingdom pavilions., has type Amusement Park Area
5. France (fb:m.0g1bpbr): has type Consumer product
6. France (fb:m.0353tw0): has type Consumer product
7. France (fb:m.092xjlb): has type Book Edition
8. France (fb:m.0_kwnk): has type Musical Recording
9. France (fb:m.035y49y): has type Musical Release
10. France (fb:m.07v7b54): has type Book Edition

[Assistant] The entity for France is fb:m.0f8l9c and it is described as a Country. I will now check the types of this entity to see if there is a specific type for Country that can be used in the query.

[Tool]
Got 78 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject              | property                   | object                                                                                |
| -------------------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                                |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                                              |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Inanimate (fb:base.type_ontology.inanimate)                                            |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Agent (fb:base.type_ontology.agent)                                                    |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Location (fb:location.location)                                                        |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Statistical region (fb:location.statistical_region)                                    |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Dated location (fb:location.dated_location)                                            |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Processed with Review Queue (fb:user.alust.default_domain.processed_with_review_queue) |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Literature Subject (fb:book.book_subject)                                              |
| France (fb:m.0f8l9c) | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Organization founder (fb:organization.organization_founder)                            |
| ...                  | ...                        | ...                                                                                |

[Assistant]
The entity France (fb:m.0f8l9c) does not have a specific type labeled "Country" either; it shares similar types with Egypt, including Location and Statistical region. This suggests that countries in Freebase are generally typed as Location or Statistical region.

I will now refine the query to filter for locations that are not contained by any other location, which should help isolate the country-level location for King Tut's tomb.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?college ?collegeLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0c2yrf fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?college .
  ?college rdfs:label ?collegeLabel .
  FILTER ( lang( ?collegeLabel ) = "en" ) FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?collegeLabel ) , "university" ) )
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| college                              | collegeLabel               |
| ------------------------------------ | -------------------------- |
| University of Florida (fb:m.0j_sncb) | University of Florida (en) |

Joakim Noah attended the University of Florida as his college.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what college did joakim noah?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who did michael vick play for in 2008?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.027f42 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.027f42 fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams ?y .
  ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team ?x .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2008-12-31" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2008-01-01" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Michael Vick, also known as Michael Dwayne Vick, The People's Champ, Ookie (fb:m.027f42): Michael Dwayne Vick is an American football quarterback who is c...21 months in prison, followed by two months in home confinement., has type American football player

Using properties:
Teams (fb:sports.pro_athlete.teams): links to type Sports team roster, part of Athlete schema
From (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.from): part of Sports team roster schema, links to type Date/Time
Team (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.team): part of Sports team roster schema, links to type Sports Team
To (fb:sports.sports_team_roster.to): part of Sports team roster schema, links to type Date/Time

Example 2:
Question:
where was avril lavigne born?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0161c2 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0161c2 fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Avril Lavigne, also known as Avril, Avril Ramona Lavigne, Avril Lavinge (fb:m.0161c2): Avril Ramona Lavigne is a Canadian-French singer and songwriter....d 200, eventually selling more than 10 million copies worldwide., has type Musical Artist

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
what does annie leibovitz do?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.015m2c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.015m2c fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Annie Leibovitz, also known as Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz, Anna-Lou Leibovitz, Annie Leibowitz (fb:m.015m2c): Anna-Lou "Annie" Leibovitz is an American portrait photographer., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
The examples show that to answer a question about a person's attribute (like college), we first need to find the entity for the person and then find the appropriate property related to education or college.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Joakim Noah" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Joakim Noah, also known as Joe, Joakim Simon Noah (fb:m.0c2yrf): Joakim Simon Noah is a French-American professional basketball p...Star and won the NBA Defensive Player of the Year Award in 2014., Joakim Noah is a film producer., has type Basketball Player
2. Joakim Noah3 (fb:m.0ccg265)
3. Joakim Noah 2 (fb:m.05tyn2z)
4. Joakim Noah and JaVale McGee (fb:m.0gzl8c2)
5. Noah, also known as Nuh, Noé, Noach (fb:m.05fzm): In the Abrahamic religions, Noah, or Noé or Noach, was the tenth...he literature of later Abrahamic religions, including the Quran., has type Person Or Being In Fiction
6. Noah (fb:m.0kdy118): Noah is a 2014 American biblically inspired epic film co-written...362 million worldwide, but generated controversy with audiences., has type Award-Nominated Work
7. Hydra, also known as Amberland, Dakini Mandarava, Mandarava, Dakini, Noah (fb:m.01pwqcj): has type Musical Artist
8. Noah, also known as peterpan, Peter Pan (fb:m.01qyvs6): Noah is an Indonesian alternative pop/rock band. The band origin...ly and recognized as the best selling alternative pop/rock band., has type Musical Artist
9. Joakim, also known as Joakim Lone Octet, Joakim Bouaziz (fb:m.01wjtmd): Joakim is a disc jockey and musician., has type Musical Artist
10. Noah (fb:m.02px2vt): The Noah grape is a cultivar derived from the grape species Viti...to mildew, black rot and phylloxera - it is used as a rootstock., has type Grape Variety

[Assistant] The entity "Joakim Noah" is identified as fb:m.0c2yrf. Next, I will search for properties related to education or college for this entity to find the college Joakim Noah attended.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Country (fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.country): links to type Olympic athlete affiliation, part of Olympic athlete schema
2. Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
3. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
5. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
6. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
7. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
8. Sports played (fb:sports.pro_athlete.sports_played_professionally): links to type Sports played, part of Athlete schema
9. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
10. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Education" (fb:people.person.education) seems to be the most relevant to find the college Joakim Noah attended. I will now query the education information for Joakim Noah using this property.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| education    | educationLabel |
| ------------ | -------------- |
| fb:m.03p7z1w |                |
| fb:m.040rzsq |                |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl |                |

[Assistant] Joakim Noah has three education entries in the knowledge graph, but they do not have English labels directly available. I will now query the labels for these three education entities to identify the college he attended.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The education entities for Joakim Noah do not have English labels directly available. I will now try to find more information about these education entities by querying their types and any other relevant properties that might help identify the college.

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| education    | property                                         | value                                      |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------ |
| fb:m.03p7z1w | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | University of Florida (fb:m.0j_sncb)       |
| fb:m.03p7z1w | Student (fb:education.education.student)         | Joakim Noah (fb:m.0c2yrf)                  |
| fb:m.03p7z1w | Type (fb:type.object.type)                       | Education (fb:education.education)         |
| fb:m.03p7z1w | rdf:type                                         | Education (fb:education.education)         |
| fb:m.040rzsq | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | Lawrenceville School (fb:m.01vy_3)         |
| ...          | ...                                              | ...                                        |
| fb:m.040rzsq | rdf:type                                         | Education (fb:education.education)         |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | Poly Prep Country Day School (fb:m.0bd8gm) |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl | Student (fb:education.education.student)         | Joakim Noah (fb:m.0c2yrf)                  |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl | Type (fb:type.object.type)                       | Education (fb:education.education)         |
| fb:m.0b6vrkl | rdf:type                                         | Education (fb:education.education)         |

[Assistant]
Joakim Noah has three education records:
1. University of Florida (fb:m.0j_sncb)
2. Lawrenceville School (fb:m.01vy_3)
3. Poly Prep Country Day School (fb:m.0bd8gm)

Among these, the University of Florida is a college. The other two are schools. So, the college Joakim Noah attended is the University of Florida.

I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the college attended by Joakim Noah from the Freebase knowledge graph. It uses the appropriate properties to find the education institution and filters for English labels containing 'university'. The result matches the answer given, identifying the University of Florida as Joakim Noah's college. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and label. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?placeOfDeath ?placeOfDeathLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.06c97 fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death ?placeOfDeath .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfDeath rdfs:label ?placeOfDeathLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?placeOfDeathLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                | placeOfDeathLabel  |
| --------------------------- | ------------------ |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York City (en) |

Richard Nixon died in New York City.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did richard nixon die?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what present day countries use english as their national language?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02h40lc ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02h40lc fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in ?x .
}

Using entities:
English Language, also known as English language, Sekgoa, English, Anglit (fb:m.02h40lc): English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in ear...ction of the printing press to London and the Great Vowel Shift., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Spoken in countries (fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in): part of Human Language schema, links to type Country

Example 2:
Question:
what kind of legal system does australia have?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0chghy ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0chghy fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Australia, also known as Commonwealth of Australia, The Commonwealth of Australia (fb:m.0chghy): Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is an Ocean...e six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia., has type Country

Using properties:
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
what did jordyn wieber win gold for?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.05nzn7y ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.05nzn7y fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.medals_won ?y .
  ?y fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.event ?x .
  ?y fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.medal fb:m.02lpp7 .
}

Using entities:
Gold medal (fb:m.02lpp7): A gold medal is the highest medal awarded for highest achievemen...th 24 carat gold. Before 1980 they were struck in 23 carat gold., has type Olympic medal
Jordyn Wieber, also known as Jo, Jordyn Marie Wieber (fb:m.05nzn7y): Jordyn Marie Wieber is a retired American artistic gymnast who w...ympics. She was also the 2011 world women's all-around champion., has type Olympic athlete

Using properties:
Events Competed In (fb:olympics.olympic_athlete.medals_won): links to type Olympic athlete/competition relationship, part of Olympic athlete schema
Event (fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.event): part of Olympic athlete/competition relationship schema, links to type Olympic event competition
Medal (fb:olympics.olympic_medal_honor.medal): part of Olympic athlete/competition relationship schema, links to type Olympic medal

[Assistant] I will now search for the entity "Richard Nixon" in the Freebase knowledge graph to get his identifier. Then I will look for properties related to death or place of death for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Richard Nixon, also known as Dick, Vice President Richard Nixon, Tricky Dick, Slick Rick, Richard M. Nixon (fb:m.06c97): Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United State... F. Kennedy, and lost a race for Governor of California in 1962., has type US President
2. President Nixon, also known as Richard M. Nixon, Richard Nixon, Tricky Dick, Richard Milhous Nixon, President Nixon (fb:m.02nw8ld): Richard Nixon is a fictional character from the 1985 film Horror House on Highway Five., President Nixon is a fictional character from the 1971 film Tricia`s Wedding., President Nixon is a fictional character from Transformers: Dark of the Moon., The fictional representation of Richard Milhous Nixon., has type Film character
3. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0bmb8k6): Richard James Nixon was an Australian rules footballer who playe...illicent in South Australia, on their way to work on an oil rig., has type Athlete
4. Richard Nixon (fb:m.018y_vs): has type Musical Recording
5. Richard Nixon (fb:m.016qvky): has type Musical Recording
6. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0115sgv): has type Musical Recording
7. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0sp1jcq): has type Musical Recording
8. Richard Nixon (fb:m.0vnxk9v): Richard Nixon is the brother of Mike Hennessey., has type Person
9. Richard Nixon (fb:m.05kt5z7)
10. Richard Nixon (fb:m.06k4m5s): has type Book

[Assistant] The most relevant entity for Richard Nixon is fb:m.06c97, which corresponds to Richard Milhous Nixon, the 37th President of the United States. Next, I will search for properties related to death or place of death for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Cause of death (fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Cause Of Death
2. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Location
3. Date of death (fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Place of burial (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_burial): links to type Place of interment, part of Deceased Person schema
5. Religion (fb:people.person.religion): links to type Religion, part of Person schema
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
7. Category (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.category): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
8. assassination (fb:user.dfhuynh.default_domain.assassinated_person.assassination): part of Assassinated Person schema, links to type Assassination
9. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
10. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Place of death" (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death) is the most relevant to answer the question "Where did Richard Nixon die?". I will now construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the place of death for Richard Nixon (fb:m.06c97).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| placeOfDeath                | placeOfDeathLabel  |
| --------------------------- | ------------------ |
| New York City (fb:m.02_286) | New York City (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the place of death of Richard Nixon using the appropriate property from the Freebase knowledge graph. It also optionally retrieves the English label for the place of death, which is New York City. The answer provided is accurate and complete based on the query result. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?work ?workLabel ?influenced ?influencedLabel WHERE {
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.030dr fb:book.author.works_written ?work .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?work rdfs:label ?workLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?workLabel ) = 'en' )
    }
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    fb:m.030dr fb:influence.influence_node.influenced ?influenced .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?influenced rdfs:label ?influencedLabel .
      FILTER ( lang( ?influencedLabel ) = 'en' )
    }
  }
}

Got 2,730 rows and 4 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                                | workLabel                                                                | influenced                           | influencedLabel              |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) | William Hazlitt (fb:m.015h69)        | William Hazlitt (en)         |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) | Giambattista Vico (fb:m.015_hb)      | Giambattista Vico (en)       |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) | Baruch Spinoza (fb:m.015n8)          | Baruch Spinoza (en)          |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) | Maine de Biran (fb:m.017jns)         | Maine de Biran (en)          |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) | Thomas Browne (fb:m.017m4j)          | Thomas Browne (en)           |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                      | ...                                  | ...                          |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    | George Campbell (fb:m.08js7h)        | George Campbell (en)         |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    | Peter Middlebrook (fb:m.08tl44)      | Peter Middlebrook (en)       |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    | Robert Boyle (fb:m.0d98m)            | Robert Boyle (en)            |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    | Johann Heinrich Lambert (fb:m.0n29h) | Johann Heinrich Lambert (en) |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    | Auguste Comte (fb:m.0zz2v)           | Auguste Comte (en)           |

Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and author who made significant contributions to the development of scientific methodology and empirical research principles. His notable works include 'The Instauratio Magna' and 'De Augmentis Scientarum.' He also influenced many important figures such as William Hazlitt, Giambattista Vico, Baruch Spinoza, Robert Boyle, and Auguste Comte, highlighting his impact on philosophy and science.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was francis bacon contributions?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who is daniel in the bible?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02cts ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02cts fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Daniel (fb:m.02cts): Daniel is the hero of the Book of Daniel. The book contains some...lim sources describe him as a nabi, a saintly and righteous man., has type Art Subject

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
what is there to see near the grand canyon?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0cns5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0cns5 fb:travel.tourist_attraction.near_travel_destination ?x .
}

Using entities:
Grand Canyon (fb:m.0cns5): The Grand Canyon, is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado...d to erode and form the canyon to its present-day configuration., has type Tourist attraction

Using properties:
Near travel destination (fb:travel.tourist_attraction.near_travel_destination): part of Tourist attraction schema, links to type Travel destination

Example 3:
Question:
what is the china money called?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0d05w3 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0d05w3 fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
China, also known as People's Republic of China (fb:m.0d05w3): China, officially the People's Republic of China, is a sovereign...h-largest by total area, depending on the method of measurement., has type Country

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
The question is about the contributions of Francis Bacon. First, I need to identify the entity for "Francis Bacon" in the knowledge graph. Then, I will look for properties related to his contributions or achievements.

I will start by searching for the entity "Francis Bacon" in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Francis Bacon, also known as Sir Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr): Francis Bacon, Viscount St. Alban, Kt PC QC, was an English phil...le studying the effects of freezing on the preservation of meat., has type Author
2. Francis Bacon (fb:m.01d7g0): Francis Bacon was an Irish-born British figurative painter known...ies, and painting after them, and no one...can confuse the two.", has type Visual Artist
3. Francis Bacon (fb:m.0crwv1s): has type Film
4. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08sxz2x): has type Book Edition
5. Francis Bacon (fb:m.0b74s1h): Francis Hugh Bacon was an English cricketer. Bacon was a right-handed batsman who was a right-arm slow bowler., has type Cricket Player
6. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08f55sp): has type Book Edition
7. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08jbr8q): has type Book Edition
8. Francis Bacon (fb:m.089jnq1): has type Book Edition
9. Francis Bacon (fb:m.08xb97v): has type Book Edition
10. Francis Bacon (fb:m.03d4j4w): Francis Bacon was an English politician who sat in the House of .... He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War., has type Deceased Person

[Assistant] There are multiple entities named "Francis Bacon." The most relevant one for contributions, especially in a historical or intellectual context, is likely the first one (fb:m.030dr), who is described as Sir Francis Bacon, an English philosopher and author. I will now search for properties related to contributions or achievements for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): links to type Organization membership, part of Organization member schema
2. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
3. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
4. Influenced (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
5. Influenced By (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
6. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema
7. Category (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.category): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
8. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
9. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
10. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Influenced" (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced) and "Influenced By" (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by) could be related to contributions in terms of influence. Also, "Works written" (fb:book.author.works_written) might provide information about his intellectual contributions through his writings.

I will first query for the works written by Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) as a way to understand his contributions.

[Tool]
Got 91 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| work                                                                                | workLabel                                                                |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (fb:m.0110hljn) | The Instauratio Magna. Part III:...oria Naturalis and Historia Vitæ (en) |
| The Instauratio Magna: Last Writings (fb:m.0110hll3)                                | The Instauratio Magna: Last Writings (en)                                |
| The Instauratio magna. Part II, Novum organum and associated texts (fb:m.0110hm12)  | The Instauratio magna. Part II, Novum organum and associated texts (en)  |
| The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon ... Touching Duels (fb:m.052mjng)                   | The Charge of Sir Francis Bacon ... Touching Duels (en)                  |
| De Augmentis Scientarum (fb:m.052mjnn)                                              | De Augmentis Scientarum (en)                                             |
| ...                                                                                | ...                                                                      |
| 'His preface' (fb:m.0c1t2vg)                                                        | 'His preface' (en)                                                       |
| Meditationes sacrae and human philosophy (fb:m.0c1t2vk)                             | Meditationes sacrae and human philosophy (en)                            |
| Thoughts on Holy Scripture (fb:m.0c1t2vn)                                           | Thoughts on Holy Scripture (en)                                          |
| The letters and life of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz57)                                | The letters and life of Francis Bacon (en)                               |
| The major works of Francis Bacon (fb:m.0c4yz5b)                                     | The major works of Francis Bacon (en)                                    |

[Assistant]
Francis Bacon's contributions can be seen through his works written, such as "The Instauratio Magna," "De Augmentis Scientarum," and others. These works reflect his intellectual contributions.

I will now check if there are any direct properties or descriptions related to his contributions or achievements. I will search for properties related to "contribution" or "achievement" more generally for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Assessment (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.assessment): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
2. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
3. Category (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.category): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
4. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
5. Member of (fb:organization.organization_member.member_of): links to type Organization membership, part of Organization member schema
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Disciplines (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.disciplines): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
8. Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for): links to type notable_for, part of Topic schema
9. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
10. Works written (fb:book.author.works_written): links to type Written Work, part of Author schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is a property "Notable for" (fb:common.topic.notable_for) which might describe what Francis Bacon is notable or known for, which can be considered as his contributions or achievements.

I will query this property for Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| notableFor     | notableForLabel |
| -------------- | --------------- |
| fb:g.125cb1dqs |                 |

[Assistant]
Francis Bacon is notable for something represented by the entity fb:g.125cb1dqs, but it does not have an English label available.

I will now try to get a description or abstract of Francis Bacon to summarize his contributions. I will check if there is a description property for this entity.

[Tool]
Got 1,231 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/daylife/topic/04HgcRe9BC89w                                   |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Francesco Bacone (it)                                                    |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%41%31%27%46%33%4A%33_%28%4A%43%48%46>     |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125cb1dqs                                                           |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Author (fb:m.01xryvt)                                                    |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Francis Bacon, 1. barón z Verula... bol anglický filozof a štátnik. (sk) |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.030f1                                                               |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Francis Bacon (filosofi) (fi)                                            |
| Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) | Gender (fb:people.person.gender)                                    | Male (fb:m.05zppz)                                                       |
| ...                        | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] There is a description property (fb:common.topic.description) for Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr), but the example I see is in Slovak language. I will try to get the English description if available. I will query for the description with a language filter for English.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| description                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Francis Bacon, Viscount St. Alba...ing on the preservation of meat. (en) |

[Assistant] I got an English description for Francis Bacon, but it is truncated in the result. I will try to get a longer description or summary by querying the article property (fb:common.topic.article) which might link to a more detailed resource.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| article    |
| ---------- |
| fb:m.030f1 |

[Assistant] There is an article entity (fb:m.030f1) related to Francis Bacon. I will now check the description or abstract of this article to get more detailed information about his contributions.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject    | property                                   | object                                                                   |
| ---------- | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| fb:m.030f1 | Type (fb:type.object.type)                 | Document (fb:common.document)                                            |
| fb:m.030f1 | Text (fb:common.document.text)             | Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St A...at York House near the Strand in (en) |
| fb:m.030f1 | Source URI (fb:common.document.source_uri) | <http://wp/en/11319>                                                     |
| fb:m.030f1 | rdf:type                                   | Document (fb:common.document)                                            |

[Assistant] The article entity fb:m.030f1 has a text property with a description in English. I will retrieve the full text of this description to summarize Francis Bacon's contributions.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| text                                                                     |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St A...at York House near the Strand in (en) |

[Assistant]
The text is again truncated in the result. Since the knowledge graph does not provide a full detailed description directly, I will summarize based on the available information: Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and author known for his works such as "The Instauratio Magna" and "De Augmentis Scientarum," which contributed significantly to the development of scientific methodology and philosophy.

I will now formulate the final SPARQL query to return Francis Bacon's works as his contributions and provide this summary as the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The answer correctly identifies Francis Bacon's contributions as related to scientific methodology and philosophy and lists some of his notable works. However, the SPARQL query only retrieves works written by Francis Bacon without explicitly linking them to his contributions or summarizing the nature of those contributions. To improve, the answer could include more specific details about his contributions, such as his development of the scientific method and empirical research principles. Additionally, the SPARQL query could be refined to retrieve information about his contributions or influence if such data is available in the knowledge graph. The current query is good for listing works but does not fully address the question about his contributions.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. To improve the answer and SPARQL query, I will try to retrieve information about Francis Bacon's influence or contributions more explicitly, such as his influence on scientific methodology or empirical research principles, if available in the knowledge graph.

I will query the "Influenced" property (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced) for Francis Bacon (fb:m.030dr) to see if there are entities representing his influence or contributions. I will also try to get labels for those entities to better describe his contributions.

[Tool]
Got 30 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| influenced                           | influencedLabel              |
| ------------------------------------ | ---------------------------- |
| William Hazlitt (fb:m.015h69)        | William Hazlitt (en)         |
| Giambattista Vico (fb:m.015_hb)      | Giambattista Vico (en)       |
| Baruch Spinoza (fb:m.015n8)          | Baruch Spinoza (en)          |
| Maine de Biran (fb:m.017jns)         | Maine de Biran (en)          |
| Thomas Browne (fb:m.017m4j)          | Thomas Browne (en)           |
| ...                                  | ...                          |
| George Campbell (fb:m.08js7h)        | George Campbell (en)         |
| Peter Middlebrook (fb:m.08tl44)      | Peter Middlebrook (en)       |
| Robert Boyle (fb:m.0d98m)            | Robert Boyle (en)            |
| Johann Heinrich Lambert (fb:m.0n29h) | Johann Heinrich Lambert (en) |
| Auguste Comte (fb:m.0zz2v)           | Auguste Comte (en)           |

[Assistant]
Francis Bacon influenced many notable figures such as William Hazlitt, Giambattista Vico, Baruch Spinoza, Robert Boyle, and Auguste Comte. This indicates his significant contribution to philosophy and science, particularly in the development of empirical research and scientific methodology.

I will now formulate a refined SPARQL query that retrieves both his works and the notable figures he influenced, to better capture his contributions.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The answer correctly summarizes Francis Bacon's contributions based on the SPARQL query results. The query retrieves his notable works and the people he influenced, which aligns well with the explanation given. The query uses appropriate properties and entities, and the answer is informative and relevant to the question. No further refinement is necessary.