PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor WHERE {
  fb:m.0f22p8 fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?appearance .
  ?appearance fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
}

The actor who plays Nicholas Newman on The Young and the Restless is Joshua Morrow.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who plays nicholas newman on the young and the restless?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who plays young john winchester in supernatural?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.025ybxs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.025ybxs fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series fb:m.06s3sm .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.from ?sk0 .
}
ORDER BY xsd:datetime ( ?sk0 )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
John Winchester, also known as John Eric Winchester (fb:m.025ybxs): John Eric Winchester is a fictional character on The CW Televisi...nerally frustrated at the character for keeping so many secrets., has type TV Character
Supernatural (fb:m.06s3sm): Supernatural is an American fantasy horror television series cre...nned the series for three seasons but later expanded it to five., has type TV Program

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
From (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.from): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type Date/Time
Series (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.series): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Program
Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema

Example 2:
Question:
who played carlton banks?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0bdz91 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0bdz91 fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Carlton Banks (fb:m.0bdz91): Carlton Banks is the fictional character from the TV Series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air., has type TV Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema

Example 3:
Question:
who plays young lex luthor in smallville?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03g9xj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03g9xj fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.04q78 .
}

Using entities:
Smallville (fb:m.03g9xj): Smallville is an American television series developed by writer-...ir "no tights, no flights" rule to the president of Warner Bros., has type TV Program
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, the pattern to find who plays a character in a TV show is to first find the character entity, then find the TV regular appearance where the character appeared, and then get the actor from that appearance.

Step 1: I will search for the entity "Nicholas Newman" to find the character entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0f22p8): Nicholas "Nick" Christian Newman is a fictional character from t... of another woman, Phyllis Summers, which resulted in an affair., has type TV Character
2. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0h3vl_1): Nicholas Newman is a Paralympian athlete from South Africa compe...third when attempting to defend his title in the F36/38 javelin., has type Person
3. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0w70cfb): Sharon Newman is the father of Hunter Allan., has type Person
4. Nicholas Newman (fb:m.0qb5mbr)
5. Nick Newman, also known as John Nicholas Newman (fb:m.04n4p6l): John Nicholas "Nick" Newman is an American naval architect noted... of Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology., has type Academic
6. Newman, Nicholas (Fictitious character) (fb:m.0bpzq69)
7. Newman, also known as Newman, California, Stanislaus County / Newman city (fb:m.0r7g9): Newman is a city in Stanislaus County, California, United States...establish the sphere of influence boundary lasting for 25 years., has type City/Town/Village
8. Newman, also known as Douglas County / Newman city, Newman, Illinois (fb:m.0s685): Newman is a city in Douglas County, Illinois, United States. The...street is Broadway. The children go to school at Shiloh CUSD #1., has type City/Town/Village
9. David Baddiel, also known as Baddiel, David, David Lionel Baddiel, Newman (fb:m.0216w1): David Lionel Baddiel is an English comedian, novelist and televi...comedy, Baddiel is also a published novelist and a screenwriter., has type TV Personality
10. Nicholas of Lyra, also known as Nicholas (fb:m.03z4z5): Nicholas of Lyra, or Nicolaus Lyranus, a Franciscan teacher, was...ed and elaborated readings being given to Scripture in his time., has type Author

[Assistant]
The entity "Nicholas Newman" with the description "Nicholas 'Nick' Christian Newman is a fictional character from t..." and type TV Character (fb:m.0f22p8) seems to be the correct character from the TV show.

Step 2: I will now find the property that links this character to the actor who plays them. I will search for properties of this entity related to "actor" or "played by".

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Occupation (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.occupation): part of Fictional Character schema, links to type Character Occupation
2. Character Created By (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by): links to type Fictional Character Creator, part of Fictional Character schema
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Romantically involved with (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.romantically_involved_with): links to type Romantic involvement, part of Fictional Character schema
5. Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Married To (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.married_to): links to type Marriage (of Fictional Characters), part of Fictional Character schema
8. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
9. Gender (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.gender): part of Fictional Character schema, links to type Character Gender
10. Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for): links to type notable_for, part of Topic schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Programs in which this was a regular character" (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program) links the character to TV Regular Performance, which likely contains the actor information.

Step 3: I will now query for the actor who played Nicholas Newman by using the property fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program and then get the actor from the regular TV appearance.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| actor                       |
| --------------------------- |
| Joshua Morrow (fb:m.07sklj) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the actor who plays Nicholas Newman by linking the character to the TV program appearances and then to the actor. The query returns the expected actor, Joshua Morrow, which matches the human-readable answer. The query uses appropriate properties and entities, and the result is accurate and complete. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor ?actorLabel WHERE {
  {
    fb:m.04q78 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?performance .
    ?performance fb:film.performance.actor ?actor .
  } UNION {
    ?tvshow fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?regularCast .
    ?regularCast fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.04q78 .
    ?regularCast fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?actor .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?actor rdfs:label ?actorLabel FILTER ( lang( ?actorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| actor                          | actorLabel             |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| James Marsters (fb:m.01f9mq)   | James Marsters (en)    |
| Powers Boothe (fb:m.02p7_k)    | Powers Boothe (en)     |
| Anthony LaPaglia (fb:m.0301bq) | Anthony LaPaglia (en)  |
| Gene Hackman (fb:m.039bp)      | Gene Hackman (en)      |
| Clancy Brown (fb:m.03wy70)     | Clancy Brown (en)      |
| Kevin Spacey (fb:m.048lv)      | Kevin Spacey (en)      |
| Chris Noth (fb:m.04cf09)       | Chris Noth (en)        |
| Jesse Eisenberg (fb:m.057176)  | Jesse Eisenberg (en)   |
| William Hootkins (fb:m.079jd_) | William Hootkins (en)  |
| Michael Rosenbaum (fb:m.0q1lp) | Michael Rosenbaum (en) |

The actors who have played Lex Luthor include James Marsters, Powers Boothe, Anthony LaPaglia, Gene Hackman, Clancy Brown, Kevin Spacey, Chris Noth, Jesse Eisenberg, William Hootkins, and Michael Rosenbaum.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who has played lex luthor?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who plays young lex luthor in smallville?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03g9xj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03g9xj fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast ?y .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character fb:m.04q78 .
}

Using entities:
Smallville (fb:m.03g9xj): Smallville is an American television series developed by writer-...ir "no tights, no flights" rule to the president of Warner Bros., has type TV Program
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Actor (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.actor): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Actor
Character (fb:tv.regular_tv_appearance.character): part of TV Regular Performance schema, links to type TV Character
Regular acting performances (fb:tv.tv_program.regular_cast): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Program schema

Example 2:
Question:
who played lex luthor in the original superman?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04q78 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04q78 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film fb:m.01_mdl .
}

Using entities:
Superman, also known as Superman - Le film, Teräsmies, Superman: The Movie, Superman - teräsmies, Superman - stålmannen (fb:m.01_mdl): Superman is a 1978 superhero film directed by Richard Donner. It...75 percent had already been completed—and finish the first film., has type Film
Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character

Using properties:
Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
who played lois en superman?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0gjc4d3 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0gjc4d3 fb:film.film.starring ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.character fb:m.04pzy .
}

Using entities:
Lois Lane (fb:m.04pzy): Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic b...e entire history of Superman comics and other media adaptations., has type Comic Book Character
Man of Steel, also known as Superman: Man of Steel, Superman (fb:m.0gjc4d3): Man of Steel is a 2013 American superhero film based on the DC C...tes would be able to sue for lost revenue on an unproduced film., has type Award-Winning Work

Using properties:
Performances (fb:film.film.starring): links to type Film performance, part of Film schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character

[Assistant]
From the examples, it seems that Lex Luthor is represented as an entity (fb:m.04q78) in Freebase. The actors who played Lex Luthor can be found by querying the performances where Lex Luthor is the character and retrieving the actors from those performances.

I will now search for the entity Lex Luthor in Freebase to confirm its identifier. Then I will construct a query to find all actors who have played Lex Luthor.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Alexander Luthor, also known as Alexander Luthor, President Lex Luthor, Lex Luthor (fb:m.04q78): Alexander Joseph "Lex" Luthor is a fictional supervillain appear...Corp, with Mercy Graves as his personal assistant and bodyguard., Lex Luthor is a fictional character from the television series S... things connected to Clark ultimately destroys their friendship., has type Comic Book Character
2. Lex Luthor (fb:m.0sl38_7): has type Musical Artist
3. Lex Luthor (fb:m.012b25n): has type Musical Recording
4. Lex Luthor (fb:m.01c123m): has type Musical Recording
5. Lex Luthor (fb:g.11b822fr50)
6. Lex Luthor (fb:g.11b824cjmm)
7. Lex Luthor (fb:m.0l950f9)
8. Lex Luthor (fb:m.0lncb_5)
9. Lex Luthorz, also known as Soul Villain, Isaac Calderón Español (fb:m.0nhwkpc): has type Composer
10. Lex Luthor's Lair (fb:m.0dvckph): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] The entity for Lex Luthor as a fictional character is fb:m.04q78. Now I will construct a SPARQL query to find all actors who have played Lex Luthor in films or TV shows by looking at performances where Lex Luthor is the character and retrieving the actors from those performances.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 2 columns:
| actor                          | actorLabel             |
| ------------------------------ | ---------------------- |
| James Marsters (fb:m.01f9mq)   | James Marsters (en)    |
| Powers Boothe (fb:m.02p7_k)    | Powers Boothe (en)     |
| Anthony LaPaglia (fb:m.0301bq) | Anthony LaPaglia (en)  |
| Gene Hackman (fb:m.039bp)      | Gene Hackman (en)      |
| Clancy Brown (fb:m.03wy70)     | Clancy Brown (en)      |
| Kevin Spacey (fb:m.048lv)      | Kevin Spacey (en)      |
| Chris Noth (fb:m.04cf09)       | Chris Noth (en)        |
| Jesse Eisenberg (fb:m.057176)  | Jesse Eisenberg (en)   |
| William Hootkins (fb:m.079jd_) | William Hootkins (en)  |
| Michael Rosenbaum (fb:m.0q1lp) | Michael Rosenbaum (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves actors who have played the character Lex Luthor from both films and TV shows, using appropriate properties and including English labels optionally. The answer lists all actors found in the query result, which matches the execution result. The query and answer are complete, accurate, and follow the rules for returning identifiers and labels. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.06mkj fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| language                        | languageLabel          |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Basque Language (fb:m.017k6)    | Basque Language (en)   |
| Catalan language (fb:m.01m69)   | Catalan language (en)  |
| Galician Language (fb:m.01q5d9) | Galician Language (en) |
| Occitan language (fb:m.05l0r)   | Occitan language (en)  |
| Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1)   | Spanish Language (en)  |

The knowledge graph does not contain a direct property for the first language spoken in Spain. The query retrieves languages spoken in Spain, including Basque, Catalan, Galician, Occitan, and Spanish. However, this does not indicate which language was spoken first historically. The answer is limited by the available data in the knowledge graph.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what was the first language spoken in spain?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what are the main languages spoken in spain?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06mkj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06mkj fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain, Furija, España (fb:m.06mkj): Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state loc...the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
what do people from spain speak?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06mkj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06mkj fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain, Furija, España (fb:m.06mkj): Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state loc...the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
what are the official languages in spain?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06mkj ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06mkj fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain, Furija, España (fb:m.06mkj): Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state loc...the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
The similar examples show queries about the official languages spoken in Spain using the property fb:location.country.official_language for the entity Spain (fb:m.06mkj). However, the question is about the first language spoken in Spain, which is a historical question and might not be directly available as a property.

I will start by identifying the entity for Spain in the knowledge graph. Then I will search for properties related to "first language" or "historical language" for Spain to see if there is any relevant property that can answer the question.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Spain, also known as Kingdom of Spain, Furija, España (fb:m.06mkj): Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a sovereign state loc...the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union., has type Country
2. Spain (fb:m.01mq_xn): Spain are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, Californi...r Wim Wenders included in the soundtrack to The End of Violence., has type Musical Group
3. Spain, also known as Spain (I Can Recall) (fb:m.02g0l0): Spain is an instrumental jazz fusion composition by jazz pianist...umental Arrangement Grammy for "Spain for Sextet and Orchestra"., Spain (I Can Recall) is a musical composition by Al Jarreau, Artie Maren, Chick Corea and Joaquín Rodrigo., has type Composition
4. Spain Rodriguez, also known as Spain (fb:m.02j30t): Manuel Rodriguez, better known as Spain or Spain Rodriguez, was ...rovided inspiration for his work, as did his left-wing politics., has type Author
5. Spain (fb:m.0j5yc4r): Spain is a 2012 drama film written by Dimitré Dinev and Anja Salomonowitz and directed by Anja Salomonowitz., has type Film
6. Spain (fb:m.030dvvv): has type Consumer product
7. Spain (fb:m.0yfx44): has type Musical Recording
8. Spain (fb:m.0gtvtbd): Spain is a studio album by Michel Camilo and Tomatito, released ...ublish by Universal Music under various labels around the world., has type Musical Album
9. Spain (fb:m.0b35v3f): has type Book Edition
10. Spain (fb:m.0fqc0zf): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] The entity for Spain as a country is fb:m.06mkj. Now I will search for properties related to "first language" or "historical language" for this entity to see if there is any relevant property that can answer the question about the first language spoken in Spain.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
2. Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
3. Adjectival form (fb:location.location.adjectival_form): part of Location schema, links to type Text
4. Adjectival form (fb:freebase.linguistic_hint.adjectival_form): part of Linguistic hint schema, links to type Text
5. Adjectival form (fb:base.aareas.schema.administrative_area.adjectival_form): part of Administrative Area schema, links to type Text
6. Type (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Text
7. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
8. Titles (fb:media_common.netflix_genre.titles): part of Netflix Genre schema, links to type Netflix Title
9. Titles (fb:royalty.system_of_nobility.titles): links to type System-Title relationship, part of System of nobility schema
10. First level divisions (fb:location.country.first_level_divisions): links to type Administrative Division, part of Country schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for "first language" or "historical language" spoken in Spain. The closest properties are "Official Language" (fb:location.country.official_language) and "Languages spoken" (fb:location.country.languages_spoken).

Since the first language spoken in Spain is a historical fact, it might not be directly encoded as a property. However, we can try to find the official languages and languages spoken in Spain as a proxy. Then, we might check if there is any historical language linked to Spain.

I will first query the official languages of Spain using the property fb:location.country.official_language.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| language                      | languageLabel         |
| ----------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1) | Spanish Language (en) |

[Assistant] The official language of Spain is Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1). Now, I will check the languages spoken in Spain using the property fb:location.country.languages_spoken to see if there are other languages that might be relevant historically.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| language                        | languageLabel          |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Basque Language (fb:m.017k6)    | Basque Language (en)   |
| Catalan language (fb:m.01m69)   | Catalan language (en)  |
| Galician Language (fb:m.01q5d9) | Galician Language (en) |
| Occitan language (fb:m.05l0r)   | Occitan language (en)  |
| Spanish Language (fb:m.06nm1)   | Spanish Language (en)  |

[Assistant]
The languages spoken in Spain include Basque, Catalan, Galician, Occitan, and Spanish. These are current or historically significant languages in Spain, but none of these explicitly indicate the "first language spoken" historically.

Since there is no direct property for the first language spoken in Spain, and the knowledge graph does not provide explicit historical language data, I will provide the answer based on the official and historically significant languages spoken in Spain.

I will now finalize the answer with the SPARQL query that retrieves the languages spoken in Spain.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the languages spoken in Spain, but it does not directly answer the question about the first language spoken in Spain. The answer explanation mentions historical context about Basque being one of the oldest languages, but this is not explicitly derived from the query or the knowledge graph data. To improve, the system should clarify that the knowledge graph does not provide a direct property for the first language spoken and that the answer is based on historical knowledge rather than data from the query. Additionally, the query could be refined to ensure it only returns languages relevant to Spain and possibly include historical or temporal qualifiers if available, though such data might not exist in the knowledge graph. Overall, the answer should clearly state the limitation and avoid implying that the query result directly supports the historical claim.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the feedback. I understand that the knowledge graph does not have a direct property for the first language spoken in Spain, and the historical claim about Basque being one of the oldest languages is not explicitly supported by the data retrieved.

To improve, I will clarify in the answer that the knowledge graph does not provide direct information about the first language spoken in Spain. The query will focus on retrieving languages spoken in Spain without implying historical precedence. The answer will explicitly state the limitation and avoid unsupported historical claims.

I will now provide the refined answer with the updated explanation.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The system correctly identified that the knowledge graph does not contain a direct property for the first language historically spoken in Spain. The SPARQL query retrieves all languages spoken in Spain, which is the best possible approach given the data. The answer clearly states the limitation and provides the list of languages found. This is a correct and complete response based on the available data.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution ?institutionLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.055c8 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?institution rdfs:label ?institutionLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?institutionLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| institution                            | institutionLabel              |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Los Angeles City College (fb:m.06kknt) | Los Angeles City College (en) |
| Pasadena Playhouse (fb:m.0zw3n07)      | Pasadena Playhouse (en)       |

Morgan Freeman graduated from Los Angeles City College and Pasadena Playhouse.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did morgan freeman graduate?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where did morgan freeman come from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.055c8 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.055c8 fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Morgan Freeman, also known as Freeman, Morgan J. Freeman, Morgan Porterfield Freeman Jr. (fb:m.055c8): Morgan Freeman is an American actor, film director, and narrator...got his first break as part of the cast of The Electric Company., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
what awards has morgan freeman won?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.055c8 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.055c8 fb:award.award_winner.awards_won ?y .
  ?y fb:award.award_honor.award ?x .
}

Using entities:
Morgan Freeman, also known as Freeman, Morgan J. Freeman, Morgan Porterfield Freeman Jr. (fb:m.055c8): Morgan Freeman is an American actor, film director, and narrator...got his first break as part of the cast of The Electric Company., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Award category (fb:award.award_honor.award): links to type Award category, part of Award Honor schema
Awards Won (fb:award.award_winner.awards_won): part of Award Winner schema, links to type Award Honor

Example 3:
Question:
which college did obama graduated?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02mjmr ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02mjmr fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?y fb:education.education.degree fb:m.014mlp .
}

Using entities:
Bachelor of Arts, also known as BA (Hons), Bachelor, BA, Artium Baccalaureus, AB (fb:m.014mlp): A Bachelor of Arts, from the Latin artium baccalaureus or baccal...l institutions set the preferred abbreviation for their degrees., has type Degree
Barack Obama, also known as President Obama, President Barack Obama, President Barack Hussein Obama II, President Barack H. Obama, Obama (fb:m.02mjmr): Barack Hussein Obama II is the 44th and current President of the...mocratic Party primaries to receive the presidential nomination., Barack Hussein Obama II (/bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/; born Augus...ting the 13th District in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004., has type US President

Using properties:
Degree (fb:education.education.degree): part of Education schema, links to type Degree
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, I see that the property fb:people.person.education links a person to their education, and the property fb:education.education.institution links an education to the institution where the person graduated. Also, Morgan Freeman is identified as fb:m.055c8 in Freebase.

I will now write a SPARQL query to find the educational institution where Morgan Freeman graduated.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| institution                            | institutionLabel              |
| -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- |
| Los Angeles City College (fb:m.06kknt) | Los Angeles City College (en) |
| Pasadena Playhouse (fb:m.0zw3n07)      | Pasadena Playhouse (en)       |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves the educational institutions from which Morgan Freeman graduated. It uses the appropriate properties and entities, and the results include both the identifiers and English labels of the institutions. The answer matches the query results and is complete. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?actor ?actorLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0g6z1 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.actor ?actor .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.film fb:m.017gl1 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?actor rdfs:label ?actorLabel FILTER ( lang( ?actorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

The actor who played Bilbo in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is Ian Holm.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who played bilbo in the fellowship of the ring?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who played bilbo baggins?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0g6z1 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0g6z1 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Old Bilbo, also known as Bilbo, Old Bilbo, Bilbo Baggins (fb:m.0g6z1): Bilbo Baggins is the title character and protagonist of J. R. R....of The Hobbit and translator of various "works from the elvish"., Old Bilbo is a fictional character from the 2013 film The Hobbit: There and Back Again., has type Film character

Using properties:
Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor

Example 2:
Question:
who is playing bilbo in the hobbit movie?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0g6z1 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0g6z1 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film fb:m.0n4ck66 .
}

Using entities:
Old Bilbo, also known as Bilbo, Old Bilbo, Bilbo Baggins (fb:m.0g6z1): Bilbo Baggins is the title character and protagonist of J. R. R....of The Hobbit and translator of various "works from the elvish"., Old Bilbo is a fictional character from the 2013 film The Hobbit: There and Back Again., has type Film character
The Hobbit, also known as Skazochnoye puteshestviye mistera Bilbo Begginsa Hobbita, The Fabulous Journey of Mr. Bilbo Baggins the Hobbit, Сказочное путешествие мистера Бильбо Беггинса Хоббита (fb:m.0n4ck66): The Hobbit was a 1985 Soviet film adaption of J. R. R. Tolkien's...itles were included, but fan made subtitles have since appeared., has type Film

Using properties:
Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
who is playing bilbo baggins?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0g6z1 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0g6z1 fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
}

Using entities:
Old Bilbo, also known as Bilbo, Old Bilbo, Bilbo Baggins (fb:m.0g6z1): Bilbo Baggins is the title character and protagonist of J. R. R....of The Hobbit and translator of various "works from the elvish"., Old Bilbo is a fictional character from the 2013 film The Hobbit: There and Back Again., has type Film character

Using properties:
Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, we see that "Bilbo Baggins" is represented by the entity fb:m.0g6z1 in Freebase. The properties used to find the actor who played Bilbo are fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films (linking the character to film performances) and fb:film.performance.actor (linking the performance to the actor). We also need to restrict the film to "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring."

Next, I will search for the entity corresponding to the film "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, also known as Sagan om ringen - härskarringen, O Senhor dos Anéis - A Irmandade do Anel, Sagan om ringen, Rôdo obu za ringu, Ringenes herre: Ringens brorskap (fb:m.017gl1): The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2001 epic...ritic lists of the greatest fantasy films ever made, as of 2013., has type Film
2. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, also known as Le Seigneur des Anneaux: La Communauté de L'anneau (fb:m.06cw87): The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2002 acti...gs: The Two Towers, it has no relationship with the film series., has type Video game
3. The Fellowship, also known as The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring: The Fellowship, The Lord of the Rings (The Fello... of the Ring) - “The Fellowship”, The Fellowship (The Lord of the Rings: Fellowship of the Ring), The Fellowship (The Lord of The Rings), The Fellowship of the Ring: The Fellowship (fb:m.0135qbm): has type Musical Recording
4. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, also known as The Lord of the Rings: The Fello...e Ring - The Complete Recordings, The Lord of the Rings: The Fello...e Complete Recordings Soundtrack, The Lord of the Rings: The Fello...he Ring: The Complete Recordings, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring Soundtrack, The Lord of the Rings: The Fello...iginal Motion Picture Soundtrack (fb:m.01ljcsb): The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring: Original Moti...e. The front cover for this CD was available in various designs., has type Musical Album
5. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, also known as The Lord of the Rings: The Fello...iginal Motion Picture Soundtrack (fb:m.030vvkb): has type Consumer product
6. Fellowship From the Lord of Rings, also known as The Fellowship Of The Ring-Lord Of The Rings, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring: The Fellowship, The Lord of the Rings (The Fello... of the Ring) - “The Fellowship”, The Fellowship (The Lord of the Rings: Fellowship of the Ring), The Fellowship (The Lord of The Rings) (fb:m.01127h_s): has type Musical Recording
7. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring: The Fellowship (fb:m.0ycrtlw): has type Musical Recording
8. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (fb:m.0wg746p): The greatest fantasy epic of all times is at last a RiffTrax! No...ingle side and doubled sided versions of the Theatrical Release., has type TV Episode
9. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (fb:m.02hm57t): has type Video Game Version
10. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (fb:m.02hlvrq): has type Video Game Version

[Assistant]
The entity for the film "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring" is fb:m.017gl1.

We already have the entity for Bilbo Baggins as fb:m.0g6z1.

Now I will construct a SPARQL query to find the actor who played Bilbo Baggins in the film "The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring" using the properties fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films and fb:film.performance.actor and fb:film.performance.film.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| actor                  | actorLabel    |
| ---------------------- | ------------- |
| Ian Holm (fb:m.016zp5) | Ian Holm (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the actor who played Bilbo in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring. It uses the appropriate entities and properties, and the result matches the expected answer, Ian Holm. The query also optionally retrieves the actor's label in English, which is helpful for readability. The output is accurate and complete.


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?championship ?championshipLabel ?year ?teamLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.070xg rdfs:label ?teamLabel .
  fb:m.070xg fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?championship .
  ?championship fb:type.object.type fb:american_football.super_bowl .
  ?championship rdfs:label ?championshipLabel .
  ?championship fb:time.event.start_date ?startDate .
  BIND( year( xsd:dateTime ( ?startDate ) ) AS ?year )
}

Got 576 rows and 4 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| championship                     | championshipLabel      | year           | teamLabel                |
| -------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------- | ------------------------ |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seahawks de Seattle (fr) |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (ca)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (cs)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (da)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (de)    |
| ...                              | ...                    | ...            | ...                      |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | ซีแอตเติล ซีฮอกส์ (th)   |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 시애틀 시호크스 (ko)            |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | シアトル・シーホークス (ja)         |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 西雅图海鹰 (zh)               |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 西雅圖海鷹 (zh-Hant)          |

The Seattle Seahawks won the Super Bowl in the year 2014, specifically Super Bowl XLVIII.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what year did the seahawks win the superbowl?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what year did baltimore ravens win the superbowl?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01ct6 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01ct6 fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?x .
  ?x fb:sports.sports_championship_event.championship fb:m.06x5s .
}

Using entities:
Baltimore Ravens (fb:m.01ct6): The Baltimore Ravens are a professional American football team i...NFL to hold a perfect record in multiple Super Bowl appearances., has type American football team
Super Bowl, also known as Superbowl start, Superbowl kickoff what time, Super Bowl NFL, Super bowl played, Superbowl played (fb:m.06x5s): The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National F...ue with 26 wins to 23 wins for the American Football Conference., has type Sports League Championship

Using properties:
Championship (fb:sports.sports_championship_event.championship): part of Sports League Championship Event schema, links to type Sports League Championship
Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema

Example 2:
Question:
when did the raiders win the superbowl?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.05l71 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.05l71 fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?x .
}

Using entities:
Oakland Raiders, also known as The World's Team, The Team of the Decades, The Silver and Black, The Raiders, The Oakland Traitors (fb:m.05l71): The Oakland Raiders are a professional American football franchi...on six division titles and played in six AFC championship games., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema

Example 3:
Question:
what year did arizona cardinals go to superbowl?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  fb:m.06x5s fb:sports.sports_championship.events ?x .
  {
    {
      ?x fb:sports.sports_championship_event.runner_up fb:m.0ws7 .
    } UNION {
      ?x fb:sports.sports_championship_event.champion fb:m.0ws7 .
    }
  }
}

Using entities:
Super Bowl, also known as Superbowl start, Superbowl kickoff what time, Super Bowl NFL, Super bowl played, Superbowl played (fb:m.06x5s): The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National F...ue with 26 wins to 23 wins for the American Football Conference., has type Sports League Championship
Arizona Cardinals, also known as The Cards, The Buzzsaw, The Birds, Chicago Cardinals, Big Red (fb:m.0ws7): The Arizona Cardinals are a professional American football team ... of Glendale, although the team's training facility is in Tempe., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Events (fb:sports.sports_championship.events): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports League Championship schema
Champion (fb:sports.sports_championship_event.champion): part of Sports League Championship Event schema, links to type Sports Team
Runner-up (fb:sports.sports_championship_event.runner_up): part of Sports League Championship Event schema, links to type Sports Team

[Assistant] From the similar examples, I see that the Seahawks should be identified as a sports team entity, and the property to find their Super Bowl wins is likely fb:sports.sports_team.championships. The Super Bowl event is represented by fb:m.06x5s. I will first search for the entity representing the Seattle Seahawks in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Seattle Seahawks (fb:m.070xg): The Seattle Seahawks are a professional American football franch...eferred to collectively as the "12th Man", "12th Fan", or "12s"., has type American football team
2. Seattle Seahawks Blitz (fb:m.067ggw): Blitz is the official mascot of the Seattle Seahawks, a team in ...the Seahawks' "Ready, Set, Goals!" reading program for children., has type Mascot
3. 2013 Seattle Seahawks (fb:m.011s9q4z): has type TV Episode
4. The Seattle Seahawks (fb:m.06v0z_v): has type Book
5. Seattle Seahawks Helmet (fb:m.02kzxmb)
6. Seattle Seahawks seasons (fb:m.08sq70x)
7. 2010 Seattle Seahawks season (fb:m.09v2my3): The 2010 Seattle Seahawks season was the 35th season for the tea...d-worst team that they'd ever rated to qualify for the playoffs.
8. 2014 Seattle Seahawks season (fb:m.0zrp9yk): The 2014 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 39th season...; and the first NFL team to do so since the 2013 Denver Broncos.
9. 2015 Seattle Seahawks season (fb:m.012hc_tq): The 2015 Seattle Seahawks season will be the franchise's upcomin...nal Football League and the sixth under head coach Pete Carroll.
10. 2012 Seattle Seahawks season (fb:m.0hzn0xl): The 2012 Seattle Seahawks season was the franchise's 37th season...the Atlanta Falcons in the divisional round by a score of 30–28.

[Assistant] I found the entity for the Seattle Seahawks: fb:m.070xg. Now I will query the championships (Super Bowl wins) for this team.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| championship                              |
| ----------------------------------------- |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3)          |
| 2014 NFC Championship Game (fb:m.0_gtzyv) |
| 2006 NFC Championship Game (fb:m.0_gv21m) |

[Assistant] The Seattle Seahawks won the Super Bowl in the event represented by fb:m.09k4qg3 (Super Bowl XLVIII). I will now find the year of this Super Bowl event.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The property fb:sports.sports_championship_event.date did not return a date for the Super Bowl XLVIII event. I will try to find other date or year related properties for this event.

[Tool]
Got 255 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                          | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /en/super_bowl_xlviii                                                    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Super Bowl XLVIII (de)                                                   |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/index.html?curid=7431071>                  |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.1ydnq2296                                                           |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Super bowl (fb:m.01xljv1)                                                |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | A Super Bowl XLVIII a 2013-as NF...ed Hot Chili Peppers lépett fel. (hu) |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.09k4qg7                                                             |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Super bowl 48 (en)                                                       |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Is reviewed (fb:freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed)                 | Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn)                                               |
| ...                              | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] The list of properties for Super Bowl XLVIII does not show a direct date or year property. I will try to find the article entity linked to this event and check if it has a date property. The article property is fb:m.09k4qg7. I will list its properties.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                   | object                                                                   |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| fb:m.09k4qg7 | Type (fb:type.object.type)                 | Document (fb:common.document)                                            |
| fb:m.09k4qg7 | Text (fb:common.document.text)             | Super Bowl XLVIII will be the 48...ichigan), XXVI (Minneapolis), XL (en) |
| fb:m.09k4qg7 | Source URI (fb:common.document.source_uri) | <http://wp/en/4057023>                                                   |
| fb:m.09k4qg7 | rdf:type                                   | Document (fb:common.document)                                            |

[Assistant] The article entity fb:m.09k4qg7 does not have a date or year property either. I will try a different approach: I will look for the year of the Super Bowl XLVIII by searching for the event with the name "Super Bowl XLVIII" and see if it has a date or year property.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Super Bowl XLVIII, also known as Super bowl 48, Superbowl 48, Superbowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3): Super Bowl XLVIII was an American football game between the Amer...d and were making their second Super Bowl appearance in 8 years., has type Super bowl
2. Super Bowl XLVIII Halftime Show (fb:m.01140xk2): Super Bowl XLVIII Halftime Show is a 2013 film., has type TV Program
3. Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show (fb:m.0_l499l): The Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show occurred on February 2, 2014...st lighting design and lighting direction for a variety special., has type Event
4. Super Bowl, also known as Superbowl start, Superbowl kickoff what time, Super Bowl NFL, Super bowl played, Superbowl played (fb:m.06x5s): The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National F...ue with 26 wins to 23 wins for the American Football Conference., has type Sports League Championship
5. Super Bowl (fb:m.07cgs9p): Super Bowl is a sport TV program., has type Award-Winning Work
6. Super bowl (fb:american_football.super_bowl)
7. Super Bowl, the game of their lives, also known as Super Bowl (fb:m.04twwx6): has type Book Edition
8. Super Bowl (fb:m.05dk778): Hank throws a Superbowl party, which all his coworkers attend...... hook up cable.  So the friends settle on an evening of karaoke., has type TV Episode
9. Super Bowl (fb:m.02q0bfd): After Meatwad finds two Super Bowl tickets inside a bag of chips...st goes to Meatwad's head and takes advantage of Carl and Shake., has type TV Episode
10. Super Bowl (fb:m.05dj71b): The Lopez family finds out that Benny's estranged brother, Uncle...th when he was younger, he has difficulty attending the funeral., has type TV Episode

[Assistant] The entity for Super Bowl XLVIII is fb:m.09k4qg3, which we already have. I will try to find the date by querying the property fb:sports.sports_championship_event.date again but without casting to year, to see if there is any date value.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] There is no direct date property for the Super Bowl XLVIII event in Freebase. I will try to find the year by looking for the property fb:sports.sports_championship_event.season or similar properties that might indicate the year or season of the event.

[Tool]
Got 255 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                          | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /en/super_bowl_xlviii                                                    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Super Bowl XLVIII (de)                                                   |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/index.html?curid=7431071>                  |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.1ydnq2296                                                           |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Super bowl (fb:m.01xljv1)                                                |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | A Super Bowl XLVIII a 2013-as NF...ed Hot Chili Peppers lépett fel. (hu) |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.09k4qg7                                                             |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Super bowl 48 (en)                                                       |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Is reviewed (fb:freebase.valuenotation.is_reviewed)                 | Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn)                                               |
| ...                              | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] I did not find a direct season or year property in the previous list. I will try to find the location of the Super Bowl XLVIII event and see if the location has a date or year property. The location property seems to be fb:m.02yxmnn. I will list its properties.

[Tool]
Got 24 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                    | property                                       | object                                                                   |
| -------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                     | Property (fb:type.property)                                              |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                       | /time/event/locations                                                    |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                     | Location(s) (en)                                                         |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)      | Where this event happened; this ...event occurred throughout China. (en) |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Permission (fb:type.object.permission)         | fb:m.05bfgfl                                                             |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | ID (fb:type.object.id)                         | /time/event/locations                                                    |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | Best HRID (fb:freebase.object_hints.best_hrid) | /time/event/locations                                                    |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | expected_type (fb:type.property.expected_type) | Location (fb:m.01n7)                                                     |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | schema (fb:type.property.schema)               | Event (fb:m.02xm94t)                                                     |
| Location(s) (fb:m.02yxmnn) | unique (fb:type.property.unique)               | false                                                                    |
| ...                        | ...                                            | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] The location property fb:m.02yxmnn is a property type, not an instance. I will try to find the location of the Super Bowl XLVIII event directly by querying the event for its location.

[Tool]
Failed to call function execute:
failed to parse input: no matching token found from position 48: 'event/locations ?location .
}'

[Assistant] The property I used for location was incorrect. I will try a different property for location: fb:sports.sports_championship_event.location.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] There is no location property for the Super Bowl XLVIII event either. I will try to find the year by searching for the Super Bowl XLVIII event with a filter on its name and see if there is a year or date property for any event with that name.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| event                            | date |
| -------------------------------- | ---- |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) |      |

[Assistant] The Super Bowl XLVIII event has no date property in Freebase. I will try to find the year by searching for the Super Bowl XLVIII event with a filter on its alias "Super bowl 48" and see if there is a year or date property for any event with that alias.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| event                            | date |
| -------------------------------- | ---- |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) |      |

[Assistant] The alias search also did not yield a date for the Super Bowl XLVIII event. I will try to find the year by searching for the Super Bowl XLVIII event with a filter on its description and see if there is a year or date property for any event with that description.

[Tool]
SPARQL execution failed:
Operation timed out.

[Assistant] The query to find the year from the description timed out. I will try a simpler query to find the year from the description of the Super Bowl XLVIII event.

[Tool]
Got 16 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| description                                                                 |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| A Super Bowl XLVIII a 2013-as NF...ed Hot Chili Peppers lépett fel. (hu)    |
| Der Super Bowl XLVIII war die 44...inebacker Malcolm Smith gewählt. (de)    |
| El Super Bowl XLVIII fue la 48ª ...eatle Seahawks - Denver Broncos. (es)    |
| Il Super Bowl XLVIII è stata la ...ion si affrontano al Super Bowl. (it)    |
| Le Super Bowl XLVIII est la 48ᵉ ...1,5 millions de téléspectateurs. (fr)    |
| ...                                                                         |
| Super Bowl XLVIII was een Americ...ingen en 3 verloren wedstrijden. (nl)    |
| ซูเปอร์โบวล์ครั้งที่ 48 เป็นการแ...ord มลรัฐนิวเจอร์ซี สหรัฐอเมริกา (th)    |
| 第48回スーパーボウルは2014年2月2日にニュージャージー州イ...011年10月に行われたNFLオーナー会議で日程変更がなされた。 (ja)    |
| 第四十八屆超級盃是國家美式足球聯盟（NFL）2014賽季美式足球...均111,500,000觀眾觀看比賽。三十秒廣告價值四百萬美元。 (zh-TW) |
| 第四十八届超级碗是国家美式足球联盟（NFL）2014赛季美式足球...均111,500,000观众观看比赛。三十秒广告价值四百万美元。 (zh)    |

[Assistant] The description mentions the year 2013 and 2014 in different languages. To be more precise, I will check the year of the 2014 Seattle Seahawks season (fb:m.0zrp9yk) to confirm the year they won the Super Bowl.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year           |
| -------------- |
| 2014 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] The 2014 Seattle Seahawks season corresponds to the year 2014. Since the Seahawks won the Super Bowl XLVIII during this season, the year they won the Super Bowl is 2014. I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the year 2014 associated with the 2014 Seattle Seahawks season, which is when they won the Super Bowl. However, the query does not explicitly link the Seahawks to the Super Bowl event or confirm that this year corresponds to their Super Bowl victory. To improve accuracy and completeness, the query should explicitly find the Super Bowl event won by the Seattle Seahawks and extract the year of that event. This would ensure the answer is directly tied to the Super Bowl win rather than just the season year.

[Assistant] Thank you for the feedback. To improve the query, I will explicitly link the Seattle Seahawks to the Super Bowl event they won and then extract the year of that Super Bowl event. This will ensure the answer is directly tied to their Super Bowl victory. I will build a query that finds the Super Bowl event won by the Seahawks and then extracts the year from the event's date or related season start date.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The query did not return any results. It seems the property fb:sports.sports_championship_event.championship linking the championship event to the team is not present. I will try a simpler query that directly finds the championships of the Seahawks and then tries to get the year from the season start date of those championships.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| year           |
| -------------- |
| 2005 (xsd:int) |
| 2013 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] The query returned two years, 2005 and 2013, which do not match the expected year 2014 for the Seahawks' Super Bowl win. This suggests the championships linked to the Seahawks include other events or seasons. I will refine the query to specifically filter for the Super Bowl event among the championships and then get the year from that event's season start date.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The query with the filter for the Super Bowl type returned no results. I will try to find the type of the championship events linked to the Seahawks and see if the Super Bowl type is correctly identified.

[Tool]
Got 7 rows and 1 column:
| type                                                                   |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Super bowl (fb:american_football.super_bowl)                           |
| Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                              |
| Inanimate (fb:base.type_ontology.inanimate)                            |
| Non-Agent (fb:base.type_ontology.non_agent)                            |
| Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                |
| Sports League Championship Event (fb:sports.sports_championship_event) |
| Event (fb:time.event)                                                  |

[Assistant] The type for the championship events linked to the Seahawks is fb:american_football.super_bowl for the Super Bowl. I will refine the query to filter for this type and get the year from the season start date of the championship event.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| year           |
| -------------- |
| 2013 (xsd:int) |

[Assistant] The query returned the year 2013 for the Super Bowl event won by the Seattle Seahawks. This corresponds to the season year before the Super Bowl game, which was played in early 2014. To be more precise, I will try to get the exact date of the Super Bowl event and extract the year from that date.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| date |
| ---- |

[Assistant] There is no direct date property for the Super Bowl event. I will use the season start date as the best available approximation for the year of the Seahawks' Super Bowl win, which is 2013. I will provide the final answer with this clarification.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=refine):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the year 2013 as the season year when the Seattle Seahawks won the Super Bowl. However, the user question asks for the year the Seahawks won the Super Bowl, which is typically the year the Super Bowl event took place, not the season year. The answer states the 2014 Super Bowl event, which is correct since the Super Bowl for the 2013 season was held in 2014. The query should be refined to return the year of the actual Super Bowl event (the championship event's date), not the season start date. This can be done by retrieving the start date of the championship event itself rather than the season start date. Also, the query should return the actual championship event IRI along with the year for clarity and completeness. Finally, labels for the team and event can be optionally included for better readability.

[Assistant]
Thank you for the detailed feedback. To address it, I will refine the query to:
- Return the actual Super Bowl championship event IRI.
- Retrieve the start date of the championship event itself (not the season start date).
- Extract the year from the championship event's start date.
- Optionally include labels for the Seattle Seahawks and the championship event for better readability.

I will now build and execute this refined query.

[Tool]
Got 576 rows and 4 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| championship                     | championshipLabel      | year           | teamLabel                |
| -------------------------------- | ---------------------- | -------------- | ------------------------ |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seahawks de Seattle (fr) |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (ca)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (cs)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (da)    |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | Super Bowl XLVIII (de) | 2014 (xsd:int) | Seattle Seahawks (de)    |
| ...                              | ...                    | ...            | ...                      |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | ซีแอตเติล ซีฮอกส์ (th)   |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 시애틀 시호크스 (ko)            |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | シアトル・シーホークス (ja)         |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 西雅图海鹰 (zh)               |
| Super Bowl XLVIII (fb:m.09k4qg3) | 第四十八届超级杯 (zh)          | 2014 (xsd:int) | 西雅圖海鷹 (zh-Hant)          |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?description WHERE {
  fb:m.0f4vbz fb:common.topic.description ?description .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?description ) = "en" )
}
LIMIT 1

Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian. She is known for her roles in movies such as "Girl, Interrupted," "Tomb Raider," and for directing wartime dramas like "In the Land of Blood and Honey" and "Unbroken."

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who is angelina jolie?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
who is angelina jolie's husband?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0f4vbz ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0f4vbz fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.type_of_union fb:m.04ztj .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk4 .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk4 ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Marriage, also known as Matrimony, Wedlock (fb:m.04ztj): Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or rit...of concerns for women's rights and because of international law., has type Religious Practice
Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
From (fb:people.marriage.from): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
To (fb:people.marriage.to): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Type of union (fb:people.marriage.type_of_union): links to type Marriage/union type, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
who is angelina jolie husband name?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0f4vbz ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0f4vbz fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.type_of_union fb:m.04ztj .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk4 .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk4 ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Marriage, also known as Matrimony, Wedlock (fb:m.04ztj): Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or rit...of concerns for women's rights and because of international law., has type Religious Practice
Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
From (fb:people.marriage.from): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
To (fb:people.marriage.to): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Type of union (fb:people.marriage.type_of_union): links to type Marriage/union type, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
what movies has angelina jolie in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0f4vbz ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0f4vbz fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
}

Using entities:
Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity
2. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05nfmq3): has type TV Episode
3. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05ng8bq): has type TV Episode
4. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05ng0pn): Tonight, actress Angelina Jolie promotes her new movie A Mighty ...eteorological Society if they do not speak about global warming., has type TV Episode
5. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05dmr87): has type TV Episode
6. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.0f7ljqx): has type Musical Recording
7. Angelina Jolie, also known as Britney Spears (fb:m.07ldn9f): has type TV Episode
8. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05dfkbr): The hugely successful actress takes the chair and answers the questions about her career, love and life with candour and charm., has type TV Episode
9. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.079lnp0): The wild Angelina tells all., has type TV Episode
10. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.0ghhxln): has type TV Episode

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
2. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
6. Member of (fb:music.group_member.membership): links to type Musical Group Membership, part of Musician schema
7. Wears (fb:base.popstra.celebrity.wears): links to type Fashion Choice, part of Celebrity schema
8. Web Link(s) (fb:common.topic.webpage): links to type Webpage, part of Topic schema
9. Subjects (fb:common.topic.subjects): part of Topic schema, links to type Topic
10. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country

No other items found

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| description                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Andželīna Džolija ir amerikāņu a...āko" un "visskaistāko" sievieti. (lv) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| description                                                              |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Angelina Jolie Pitt is an Americ...of Blood and Honey and Unbroken. (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves a concise English description of Angelina Jolie from the Freebase knowledge graph. The answer provides a clear and informative summary of who Angelina Jolie is, including her professions and notable works. The query adheres to the rules by returning the description text and filtering for English language. No further refinement is necessary.