PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?championshipLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0xbm fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?championship .
  ?championship rdfs:label ?championshipLabel
  FILTER ( lang( ?championshipLabel ) = 'en' ) FILTER ( CONTAINS( LCASE( ?championshipLabel ) , "league" ) )
}

Got 2 rows and 1 column:
| championshipLabel                |
| -------------------------------- |
| 1986–87 Football League Cup (en) |
| 1992–93 Football League Cup (en) |

Arsenal won the Football League Cup in the 1986-87 and 1992-93 seasons. However, the exact years Arsenal won the league title are not directly available in the data.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] when did arsenal won the league?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
when did the lakers win the championship?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0jmk7 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0jmk7 fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?x .
}

Using entities:
Los Angeles Lakers, also known as The Lakers, Showtime, Minneapolis Lakers, LA Lakers, Lakers (fb:m.0jmk7): The Los Angeles Lakers are an American professional basketball t...Lakers in honor of the state's nickname, "Land of 10,000 Lakes"., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema

Example 2:
Question:
when did the houston rockets win the championship?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0jmfb ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0jmfb fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?x .
}

Using entities:
Houston Rockets, also known as Rockets, San Diego Rockets (fb:m.0jmfb): The Houston Rockets are an American professional basketball team...ouston to the conference finals in his first year with the team., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema

Example 3:
Question:
when did the red sox win the pennant?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01d5z ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01d5z fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?x .
}

Using entities:
Boston Red Sox, also known as The Olde Towne Team, The Sox, Red Sox, Boston Americans, BoSox (fb:m.01d5z): The Boston Red Sox are an American professional baseball team ba...86-year wait before the team's sixth World Championship in 2004., has type Professional Sports Team

Using properties:
Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, it appears that the property fb:sports.sports_team.championships is used to link a sports team to the championships or league titles they have won.

Next, I will search for the entity "Arsenal" in the knowledge graph to get its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Arsenal F.C., also known as Woolwich Arsenal, The Gunners, Royal Arsenal, Dial Square, Arsenal Gunners (fb:m.0xbm): Arsenal Football Club is a Premier League football club in Hollo...ion football club in the world, valued at £1.3 billion, in 2014., has type Football team
2. Arsenal (fb:m.01b41j): An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, mainta...l vehicle which is only operational in certain times of the day., has type Building function
3. Arsenal (fb:m.0dmjtl): Arsenal is a Soviet film by Ukrainian director Alexander Dovzhen...pacifist sentiments in films by Jean Renoir and Stanley Kubrick., has type Film
4. Arsenal (fb:m.01nd5l9): Arsenal is an electronic music band consisting of Belgian musici...rican and Latin American rhythms to pop, hip hop and indie rock., has type Musical Group
5. Roy Harper, also known as Arsenal (fb:m.034tm2): Roy Harper is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe. T...ird season as the partner, sidekick and student of Oliver Queen., Roy Harper is a fictional character from 2012 television series Arrow., has type Comic Book Character
6. Arsenal (fb:m.0bmkhbs): Arsenal is a ghost station on the Paris métro, situated on line ...stille and Quai de la Rapée, in the 4th arrondissement of Paris., has type Location
7. Arsenal (fb:m.02vqq6l): Arsenal is a fictional character, a robot that appears in comic ...n Iron Man #114 and was created by Bill Mantlo and Keith Giffen., has type Comic Book Character
8. Arsenal (fb:m.03f0qjh): Arsenal was an American band, formed by the former Big Black gui...actory Smog Is a Sign of Progress, also on Touch and Go Records., has type Musical Group
9. Arsenal (fb:m.02rpz8v): The Arsenal is a former military complex of buildings in the sou...ely a few workshop buildings within the courtyard were replaced., has type Building
10. Arsenal, also known as Arsenal de Metz (fb:m.0k31b9b): The Arsenal Concert Hall is a cultural venue dedicated specially...showroom and concert hall for the Gregorian chant, respectively., has type Venue

[Assistant]
The entity "Arsenal F.C." (fb:m.0xbm) is the football club we are interested in. From the similar examples, the property fb:sports.sports_team.championships is used to find championships or league titles won by a sports team.

Next, I will query the championships or league titles won by Arsenal F.C. using the property fb:sports.sports_team.championships.

[Tool]
Got 21 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| championship                                        | championshipLabel                         |
| --------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k)                   | 2014 FA Cup Final (en)                    |
| 2002 FA Cup Final (fb:m.027_jwt)                    | 2002 FA Cup Final (en)                    |
| 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup Final (fb:m.03cwv1k) | 1994 European Cup Winners' Cup Final (en) |
| 2004–05 FA Cup (fb:m.03ntmq0)                       | 2004–05 FA Cup (en)                       |
| 1992–93 FA Cup (fb:m.03qp0n6)                       | 1992–93 FA Cup (en)                       |
| ...                                                 | ...                                       |
| 1992–93 Football League Cup (fb:m.0hhr2_3)          | 1992–93 Football League Cup (en)          |
| 2013–14 FA Cup (fb:m.0vptrcs)                       | 2013–14 FA Cup (en)                       |
| 2007 Emirates Cup (fb:m.0whznc8)                    | 2007 Emirates Cup (en)                    |
| 2010 Emirates Cup (fb:m.0wy07zy)                    | 2010 Emirates Cup (en)                    |
| 2009 Emirates Cup (fb:m.0wy1r2r)                    | 2009 Emirates Cup (en)                    |

[Assistant]
The results show various championships Arsenal F.C. has won, including FA Cup Finals and other cups. However, the user specifically asked about when Arsenal won the league. I need to refine the query to focus on league titles.

I will now search for properties related to "league" or "league title" for Arsenal F.C. to find a more specific property that indicates league wins.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. League (fb:soccer.football_team.league): links to type Football League Participation, part of Football team schema
2. Sport (fb:sports.sports_team.sport): part of Sports Team schema, links to type Sport
3. Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema
4. Sports Team Location (fb:sports.sports_team.location): links to type Sports Team Location, part of Sports Team schema
5. Player statistics (fb:soccer.football_team.player_statistics): links to type Football player stats, part of Football team schema
6. Matches (fb:soccer.football_team.matches): links to type Football Match, part of Football team schema
7. Roster (fb:sports.sports_team.roster): links to type Sports team roster, part of Sports Team schema
8. Borrowed Players (fb:soccer.football_team.borrowed_players): links to type Football Player Loan, part of Football team schema
9. Season rankings (fb:base.schemastaging.sports_team_extra.season_rankings): links to type Sports league season ranking, part of Sports team extra schema
10. Arena/Stadium (fb:sports.sports_team.arena_stadium): links to type Sports Facility, part of Sports Team schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property fb:sports.sports_team.championships is the most relevant for championships including league titles. To specifically find league wins, I will check the details of the championships linked to Arsenal F.C. to identify which ones are league titles.

I will query the labels and types of the championships Arsenal F.C. has won to identify league wins.

[Tool]
Got 50 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| championship                      | championshipLabel      | type                                                                   |
| --------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k) | 2014 FA Cup Final (en) | Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                              |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k) | 2014 FA Cup Final (en) | Inanimate (fb:base.type_ontology.inanimate)                            |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k) | 2014 FA Cup Final (en) | Non-Agent (fb:base.type_ontology.non_agent)                            |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k) | 2014 FA Cup Final (en) | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                |
| 2014 FA Cup Final (fb:m.0107yw1k) | 2014 FA Cup Final (en) | Football Match (fb:soccer.football_match)                              |
| ...                               | ...                    | ...                                                                    |
| 2001–02 FA Cup (fb:m.03wcjy2)     | 2001–02 FA Cup (en)    | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                |
| 2001–02 FA Cup (fb:m.03wcjy2)     | 2001–02 FA Cup (en)    | Sports League Championship Event (fb:sports.sports_championship_event) |
| 2001–02 FA Cup (fb:m.03wcjy2)     | 2001–02 FA Cup (en)    | Sports League Season (fb:sports.sports_league_season)                  |
| 2001–02 FA Cup (fb:m.03wcjy2)     | 2001–02 FA Cup (en)    | Event (fb:time.event)                                                  |
| 1997–98 FA Cup (fb:m.03wcr3x)     | 1997–98 FA Cup (en)    | Abstract (fb:base.type_ontology.abstract)                              |

[Assistant]
The championships won by Arsenal F.C. include various FA Cup Finals and other events, but the types do not clearly distinguish league titles from other championships.

I will now try to find the league titles by searching for seasons where Arsenal F.C. was the champion in the Football League or Premier League.

I will search for seasons where Arsenal F.C. was the champion in the football league.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There are no direct results for seasons where Arsenal F.C. was the champion using the property fb:sports.sports_league_season.champion.

I will try a different approach by searching for properties related to "champion" or "winner" for Arsenal F.C. to find relevant data about league wins.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema
2. League (fb:soccer.football_team.league): links to type Football League Participation, part of Football team schema
3. Sport (fb:sports.sports_team.sport): part of Sports Team schema, links to type Sport
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
5. Member of (fb:sports.sports_team.league): links to type Sports league participation, part of Sports Team schema
6. Roster (fb:sports.sports_team.roster): links to type Sports team roster, part of Sports Team schema
7. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
8. Matches (fb:soccer.football_team.matches): links to type Football Match, part of Football team schema
9. Owner(s) (fb:sports.professional_sports_team.owner_s): part of Professional Sports Team schema, links to type Sports Team Owner
10. Manager (fb:soccer.football_team.manager): links to type Football Team Management Tenure, part of Football team schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property fb:sports.sports_team.championships is still the best candidate for championships including league wins.

Since direct queries for league seasons where Arsenal was champion did not yield results, I will refine the original query to extract the years from the championship labels that likely represent league wins.

I will filter the championships to those that mention "League" or "Premier League" in their label to identify league wins.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 2 columns:
| championship                               | championshipLabel                |
| ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
| 1986–87 Football League Cup (fb:m.0h_f0j5) | 1986–87 Football League Cup (en) |
| 1992–93 Football League Cup (fb:m.0hhr2_3) | 1992–93 Football League Cup (en) |

[Assistant]
The filtered results show Arsenal won the Football League Cup in the 1986-87 and 1992-93 seasons, but these are cup wins, not league titles.

I will now try to find the league titles by searching for seasons where Arsenal was the champion in the "English First Division" or "Premier League," which are the top leagues in England historically.

I will search for seasons where Arsenal was champion in these leagues.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
There are no direct results for seasons where Arsenal F.C. was the champion in the "English First Division" or "Premier League" using the property fb:sports.sports_league_season.champion.

Given the limitations of the data, the best available information is the list of championships Arsenal F.C. has won, including cup finals and league cups.

I will provide the years Arsenal won the Football League Cup as league-related wins and mention that direct league title years are not available in the data.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?husband ?husbandLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.02pn7 fb:people.person.spouse_s ?marriage .
  ?marriage fb:people.marriage.spouse ?husband .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?husband rdfs:label ?husbandLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?husbandLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| husband                | husbandLabel   |
| ---------------------- | -------------- |
| Esther (fb:m.02pn7)    | Esther (en)    |
| Xerxes I (fb:m.0cjm1)  | Xerxes I (en)  |
| Ahasuerus (fb:m.0hy00) | Ahasuerus (en) |

Esther's husband is Ahasuerus, who is also identified as Xerxes I in the knowledge graph.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] who was esther's husband?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what city did esther live in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02pn7 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02pn7 fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?x .
}

Using entities:
Esther (fb:m.02pn7): Esther, born Hadassah, is the eponymous heroine of the Book of E...y is the basis for the celebration of Purim in Jewish tradition., has type Art Subject

Using properties:
Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
who did joseph from the bible marry?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0197d5 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0197d5 fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
}

Using entities:
Joseph in Islam, also known as Yūsuf ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm, Yusuf, Yosef, Joseph (fb:m.0197d5): Yūsuf ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm is an Islamic prophet fou...aling a dream to his father, which Jacob recognizes as a vision., Joseph is an important person in the Hebrew Bible: his story con... According to the book of Jubilees, Joseph was born on 1 Tammuz., has type Person Or Being In Fiction

Using properties:
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
who is angelina jolie's husband?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0f4vbz ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0f4vbz fb:people.person.spouse_s ?y .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.spouse ?x .
  ?y fb:people.marriage.type_of_union fb:m.04ztj .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:people.marriage.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) ?y fb:people.marriage.from ?sk4 .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk4 ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Marriage, also known as Matrimony, Wedlock (fb:m.04ztj): Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or rit...of concerns for women's rights and because of international law., has type Religious Practice
Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
From (fb:people.marriage.from): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (fb:people.marriage.spouse): part of Marriage schema, links to type Person
To (fb:people.marriage.to): links to type Date/Time, part of Marriage schema
Type of union (fb:people.marriage.type_of_union): links to type Marriage/union type, part of Marriage schema
Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
The similar examples show that the property fb:people.person.spouse_s is used to link a person to a marriage entity, and then the marriage entity has a property fb:people.marriage.spouse to link to the spouse.

Next, I will search for the entity "Esther" in the freebase knowledge graph to find the correct entity I should use in the query.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Madonna, also known as Nonnie, Madonna Ciccone Ritchie, Madonna Louise Ciccone, Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie, Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone (fb:m.01vs_v8): Madonna Louise Ciccone is an American singer, songwriter, actres...mmy Award winners Ray of Light and Confessions on a Dance Floor., has type Celebrity
2. Orphan, also known as Siroce, Órfã, Sierota, Ottolapsi, Orphan - Das Waisenkind (fb:m.047trvs): Orphan is a 2009 American psychological thriller film directed b...reviews, although Fuhrman's performance as Esther was acclaimed., has type Film
3. Esther (fb:m.02pn7): Esther, born Hadassah, is the eponymous heroine of the Book of E...y is the basis for the celebration of Purim in Jewish tradition., has type Art Subject
4. Esther Cañadas, also known as Esther, esther_canadas, Esther Canadas (fb:m.09h0bt): Esther Cañadas is a Spanish actress and model., has type Film actor
5. Esther, also known as Die Bibel - Esther, The Bible: Esther, Raamattu: Ester, Prigipissa Esthir, I Vivlos - Esthir (fb:m.0bwgtxf): Esther, also known as The Bible: Esther, is a 1999 American-Ital...ti as Vashti. It aired in the United States on November 5, 2000., has type Film
6. Esther, also known as Esther Adam (fb:m.0qb5mjj): has type Musical Artist
7. Chan Ye-cheng, also known as Esther Wong, Yee-Gan Chan, Ye-cheng Chan, Esther, Chan Ye Cheng (fb:m.0jz54f): Chan Ye-cheng is a film producer and the wife of director Wong Kar-wai., has type Film producer
8. Esther, also known as HWV.50 (fb:m.0dqcw7): Esther is an oratorio by George Frideric Handel. It is generally...d in 1718, but was heavily revised into a full oratorio in 1732., has type Composition
9. Esther (fb:m.03ckgxs): Esther is a play in three acts written in 1689 by the French dra...d to Racine's 1691 biblical play written for Maintenon, Athalie., has type Play
10. Esther... The Girl Who Became Queen, also known as Esther, Esther, the Girl Who Became Queen, Esther... The Girl Who Became Queen (fb:m.06z3_j7): A VeggieTales of Queen Esther and her struggle to save her peopl... the Island of Perpetual Tickling (IPT) by her husband the king., has type TV Episode

[Assistant] The entity "Esther" that matches the biblical heroine is fb:m.02pn7. Now I will search for the properties related to spouse or husband for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema
2. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
3. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
4. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
5. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
6. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
7. Religion (fb:people.person.religion): links to type Religion, part of Person schema
8. Official name (fb:base.schemastaging.context_name.official_name): part of Context name schema, links to type Text
9. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
10. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property fb:people.person.spouse_s is the relevant property for spouse or husband. According to the similar examples, this property links to a marriage entity, which then has the property fb:people.marriage.spouse to link to the spouse.

I will now construct a SPARQL query to find Esther's husband using these properties.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| husband                |
| ---------------------- |
| Esther (fb:m.02pn7)    |
| Xerxes I (fb:m.0cjm1)  |
| Ahasuerus (fb:m.0hy00) |

[Assistant] The query returned three results for Esther's husband: Esther herself (likely a data artifact), Xerxes I, and Ahasuerus. Historically, Esther's husband is known as Ahasuerus, who is often identified with Xerxes I. To be more precise, I will add labels to the query results for better clarity.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| husband                | husbandLabel   |
| ---------------------- | -------------- |
| Esther (fb:m.02pn7)    | Esther (en)    |
| Xerxes I (fb:m.0cjm1)  | Xerxes I (en)  |
| Ahasuerus (fb:m.0hy00) | Ahasuerus (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?school WHERE {
  fb:m.02z3d24 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?school .
}

Spencer Pratt went to the University of Southern California.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did spencer pratt go to school?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
where does spencer pratt go to school?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02z3d24 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02z3d24 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Spencer Pratt, also known as Spencer William Pratt (fb:m.02z3d24): Spencer William Pratt is an American television personality. In ...Apostol discuss current events, reality TV, and their own lives., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
where george washington carver go to school?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03djm ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03djm fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
George Washington Carver (fb:m.03djm): George Washington Carver, was an American botanist and inventor....r's work on peanuts was intended to provide an alternative crop., has type Inventor

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
where did james baldwin go to school?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.017_pb ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.017_pb fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
James Baldwin, also known as James Arthur Baldwin (fb:m.017_pb): James Arthur Baldwin was an American novelist, essayist, playwri..., Go Tell It on the Mountain, is said to be his best-known work., has type Author

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, I see that the entity for Spencer Pratt is fb:m.02z3d24. The property for education is fb:people.person.education, and the property for the educational institution is fb:education.education.institution.

I will now write a SPARQL query to find the school(s) Spencer Pratt went to using these properties.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| school                                           |
| ------------------------------------------------ |
| University of Southern California (fb:m.065y4w7) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?awardCategory ?awardCategoryLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.04wqr fb:award.award_winner.awards_won ?award .
  ?award fb:award.award_honor.award ?awardCategory .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?awardCategory rdfs:label ?awardCategoryLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?awardCategoryLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| awardCategory                                                                     | awardCategoryLabel                                                       |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Golden Globe Award for Best Actr...tion Picture – Musical or Comedy (fb:m.019f6s) | Golden Globe Award for Best Actr...tion Picture – Musical or Comedy (en) |
| Playboy Playmate (fb:m.02kgb7)                                                    | Playboy Playmate (en)                                                    |
| David di Donatello Golden Plate Award (fb:m.0c1fs8r)                              | David di Donatello Golden Plate Award (en)                               |
| Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites (fb:m.0l_d69j)              | Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites (en)               |

Marilyn Monroe won the following awards: Playboy Playmate, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy, David di Donatello Golden Plate Award, and Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what awards did marilyn monroe won?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what was marilyn monroe known for?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04wqr ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04wqr fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Marilyn Monroe, also known as Norma Jeane Mortensen, Norma Jeane Baker, Norma Jeane DiMaggio, Norma Jeane Dougherty, Norma Jeane Mortenson (fb:m.04wqr): Marilyn Monroe was an American actress, model, and singer, who b...ved a BAFTA Award nomination and won a David di Donatello award., Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – Augus...which led to a film contract in 1946 with Twentieth Century-Fox., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
who is marilyn monroe and why is she famous?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04wqr ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04wqr fb:people.person.profession ?x .
}

Using entities:
Marilyn Monroe, also known as Norma Jeane Mortensen, Norma Jeane Baker, Norma Jeane DiMaggio, Norma Jeane Dougherty, Norma Jeane Mortenson (fb:m.04wqr): Marilyn Monroe was an American actress, model, and singer, who b...ved a BAFTA Award nomination and won a David di Donatello award., Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – Augus...which led to a film contract in 1946 with Twentieth Century-Fox., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
who was marilyn monroe's parents?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.04wqr ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.04wqr fb:people.person.parents ?x .
}

Using entities:
Marilyn Monroe, also known as Norma Jeane Mortensen, Norma Jeane Baker, Norma Jeane DiMaggio, Norma Jeane Dougherty, Norma Jeane Mortenson (fb:m.04wqr): Marilyn Monroe was an American actress, model, and singer, who b...ved a BAFTA Award nomination and won a David di Donatello award., Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson; June 1, 1926 – Augus...which led to a film contract in 1946 with Twentieth Century-Fox., has type Celebrity

Using properties:
Parents (fb:people.person.parents): part of Person schema, links to type Person

[Assistant] From the examples, Marilyn Monroe is identified as fb:m.04wqr in Freebase. The examples do not directly show the property for awards won, so the next step is to search for properties related to awards for Marilyn Monroe (fb:m.04wqr). This will help us find the correct property to query for awards she won.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Awards Won (fb:award.award_winner.awards_won): part of Award Winner schema, links to type Award Honor
2. Award Nominations (fb:award.award_nominee.award_nominations): links to type Award Nomination, part of Award Nominee schema
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
4. Member of (fb:music.group_member.membership): links to type Musical Group Membership, part of Musician schema
5. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
6. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
7. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
8. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
9. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
10. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Awards Won" (fb:award.award_winner.awards_won) is the most relevant property for the question about awards Marilyn Monroe won. Now I will construct a SPARQL query to retrieve the awards Marilyn Monroe won using this property.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| award        | awardLabel |
| ------------ | ---------- |
| fb:m.04yplbb |            |
| fb:m.07ynmx5 |            |
| fb:m.0c1rc79 |            |
| fb:m.0m20gt1 |            |
| fb:m.0my31c4 |            |

[Assistant] Marilyn Monroe won 5 awards according to the query results. The results currently show the award identifiers but no labels. I will now query the labels of these awards to provide a more human-readable answer.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The awards do not have English labels in the knowledge graph. I will try to get any label without language filtering to see if there are labels in other languages or without language tags.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The awards do not have any rdfs:label in the knowledge graph. I will try to get other properties of these awards to find a suitable human-readable property like name or description.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                         | object                             |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| fb:m.04yplbb | Type (fb:type.object.type)                       | Award Honor (fb:award.award_honor) |
| fb:m.04yplbb | Award winner (fb:award.award_honor.award_winner) | Marilyn Monroe (fb:m.04wqr)        |
| fb:m.04yplbb | Award category (fb:award.award_honor.award)      | Playboy Playmate (fb:m.02kgb7)     |
| fb:m.04yplbb | Year (fb:award.award_honor.year)                 | 1953-12 (xsd:gYearMonth)           |
| fb:m.04yplbb | rdf:type                                         | Award Honor (fb:award.award_honor) |

[Assistant] The award fb:m.04yplbb is an Award Honor with an award category "Playboy Playmate" (fb:m.02kgb7) and a year 1953-12. The award category seems to be the name of the award. I will now get the labels of the award categories for all awards Marilyn Monroe won.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| awardCategory                                                                     | awardCategoryLabel                                                       |
| --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Golden Globe Award for Best Actr...tion Picture – Musical or Comedy (fb:m.019f6s) | Golden Globe Award for Best Actr...tion Picture – Musical or Comedy (en) |
| Playboy Playmate (fb:m.02kgb7)                                                    | Playboy Playmate (en)                                                    |
| David di Donatello Golden Plate Award (fb:m.0c1fs8r)                              | David di Donatello Golden Plate Award (en)                               |
| Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites (fb:m.0l_d69j)              | Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites (en)               |

[Assistant]
Marilyn Monroe won the following awards:
- Playboy Playmate
- Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
- David di Donatello Golden Plate Award
- Golden Globe Henrietta Award for World Film Favorites

I will now provide the final answer with this information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?label WHERE {
  fb:m.0y74r3 rdfs:label ?label .
  FILTER ( lang( ?label ) = "en" )
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label                 |
| --------------------- |
| Canada: O Canada (en) |

The name of the national anthem of Canada is 'O Canada'.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] what is the name of the national anthem of canada ( 2 words )?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what is the second official language of canada?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0d060g ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0d060g fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Canada, also known as Canuckistan, Dominion of Canada (fb:m.0d060g): Canada is a country, consisting of ten provinces and three terri...of provinces and territories to the new self-governing Dominion., has type Country

Using properties:
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
what are the two major religions in canada?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0d060g ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0d060g fb:location.statistical_region.religions ?y .
  ?y fb:location.religion_percentage.religion ?x .
}

Using entities:
Canada, also known as Canuckistan, Dominion of Canada (fb:m.0d060g): Canada is a country, consisting of ten provinces and three terri...of provinces and territories to the new self-governing Dominion., has type Country

Using properties:
Religion (fb:location.religion_percentage.religion): part of Religion percentage schema, links to type Religion
Religions (fb:location.statistical_region.religions): links to type Religion percentage, part of Statistical region schema

Example 3:
Question:
what is the parliament of canada called?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0d060g ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0d060g fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body ?x .
}

Using entities:
Canada, also known as Canuckistan, Dominion of Canada (fb:m.0d060g): Canada is a country, consisting of ten provinces and three terri...of provinces and territories to the new self-governing Dominion., has type Country

Using properties:
Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Governmental Body
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

[Assistant] From the examples, I see that Canada is identified as fb:m.0d060g in Freebase. Now I need to find the property related to the national anthem of a country. I will search for properties related to "national anthem" for the entity Canada (fb:m.0d060g).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. National anthem (fb:location.country.national_anthem): links to type National anthem of a country, part of Country schema
2. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): part of Flag referent schema, links to type Flag use
3. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
4. Coat of Arms used (fb:symbols.coat_of_arms_bearer.coat_of_arms_used): part of Coat of Arms Bearer schema, links to type Armorial Grant
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
6. Government (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.government): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government
7. entry (fb:user.tsegaran.random.taxonomy_subject.entry): part of Taxonomy Subject schema, links to type Taxonomy Entry
8. Armed forces (fb:military.military_combatant.armed_forces): part of Military Combatant schema, links to type Armed Force
9. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
10. Religions (fb:location.statistical_region.religions): links to type Religion percentage, part of Statistical region schema

No other items found

[Assistant] I found the property for the national anthem of a country: fb:location.country.national_anthem. Now I will query the national anthem of Canada using this property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| anthem       | anthemLabel |
| ------------ | ----------- |
| fb:m.0478l5c |             |

[Assistant] The national anthem of Canada is identified as fb:m.0478l5c in Freebase, but it does not have an English label directly available. I will now query the label of this anthem entity to find its name.

[Tool] Got no rows and 1 columns

[Assistant] The anthem entity fb:m.0478l5c does not have an English label in the knowledge graph. I will try to find the name of this anthem by searching for entities related to "national anthem of Canada" to see if there is an alternative entity or label.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Canada: O Canada, also known as National Anthem of Canada (fb:m.0y74r3): has type Musical Recording
2. National Anthem of Canada (fb:m.0lv02c7)
3. Anthems and nationalistic songs of Canada (fb:m.0jt4_9n): Patriotic music in Canada dates back over 200 years as a distinc...0 years. The earliest, "The Bold Canadian", was written in 1812.
4. National anthem of (fb:m.02_8qnz)
5. National anthem of (fb:government.national_anthem.national_anthem_of)
6. Hymn to Liberty, also known as National Anthem of Greece (fb:m.014bwr): The Hymn to Liberty or Hymn to Freedom is a poem written by Dion...m of Greece and, from 1966, also that of the Republic of Cyprus., has type National Anthem
7. National Anthem of Russia, also known as National Anthem of the Russian Federation, Russian National Anthem (fb:m.01ptxd): The State Anthem of the Russian Federation is the name of the of...y to inspire Russian athletes during international competitions., has type National Anthem
8. Himnusz, also known as Magyar himnusz, National Anthem of Hungary (fb:m.014w6b): "Himnusz" is a musical poetic prayer beginning with the words Is...z is sung at the beginning of ceremonies, and Szózat at the end., has type National Anthem
9. Himno Nacional Mexicano, also known as Mexico: Mexicanos, al grito de guerra, National Anthem of Mexico (fb:m.012144): The "Mexican National Anthem", also known as "Mexicans, at the c...nd a chorus, effectively entered into use on September 16, 1854., has type National Anthem
10. National Anthem of Chile (fb:m.01p52): The National Anthem of Chile is also known as Canción Nacional. ... with words by Eusebio Lillo, and has six parts plus the chorus., has type National Anthem

[Assistant] I found an entity "Canada: O Canada, also known as National Anthem of Canada" (fb:m.0y74r3) which seems to be the national anthem of Canada and matches the two-word name "O Canada." I will now confirm the label of this entity.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| label                 |
| --------------------- |
| Canada: O Canada (en) |

[Assistant] The name of the national anthem of Canada is "O Canada," which matches the two-word requirement. I will now provide this as the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?school ?schoolLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.0d1b_ fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?school .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?school rdfs:label ?schoolLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?schoolLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| school                                                    | schoolLabel                                      |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Julian Pino School (fb:m.0467r_n)                         | Julian Pino School (en)                          |
| Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (fb:m.0467s09)            | Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (en)             |
| Simón Bolívar University (fb:m.04fc47)                    | Simón Bolívar University (en)                    |
| Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (fb:m.08fk_z) | Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (en) |

Hugo Chavez went to the following schools: Julian Pino School, Daniel Florencio O'Leary School, Simón Bolívar University, and Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] where did hugo chavez go to school?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
what school did joan miro attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0g_6k ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0g_6k fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Joan Mir, also known as Joan Miró i Ferrà, Joan MiroDEMO, Joan Miró, Joan Miró, Joan Miro (fb:m.0g_6k): Joan Miró i Ferrà was a Catalan, Spanish painter, sculptor, and ...favour of upsetting the visual elements of established painting., has type Visual Artist

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
where did lebron james go to highschool?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01jz6d ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01jz6d fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
LeBron James, also known as The L-Train, King James, The Chosen One, LeBron Raymone James, Lebron James '#23' (fb:m.01jz6d): LeBron Raymone James is an American professional basketball play...r years and winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013., has type Basketball Player

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
where did bashar al assad study?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01_vwx ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01_vwx fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Bashar al-Assad, also known as Bashar Hafez al-Assad, Dr. Bashar al-Assad (fb:m.01_vwx): Bashar Hafez al-Assad is the President of Syria, commander-in-ch...rm of government Assad presides over is an authoritarian regime., has type Politician

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, the pattern to find where a person went to school is:
1. Identify the entity for the person.
2. Use the property fb:people.person.education to find education instances.
3. From each education instance, use the property fb:education.education.institution to find the educational institution.

Next, I will search for the entity "Hugo Chavez" in Freebase to get his identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Hugo Chávez, also known as El Commandante, Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, Hugo Chavez, Esteban de Jesús, El Mico Mandante (fb:m.0d1b_): Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías was a Venezuelan politician and the Pre... re-elected in 2000 and again in 2006 with over 60% of the vote., has type Politician
2. Hugo Chávez (fb:m.0j9pvs_): Hugo Chávez is a retired Mexican football defender. He won two c...member of the Mexican squad at the 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup., has type Football player
3. Hugo Chavez (fb:m.02xgb87)
4. Hugo Chávez (fb:m.0cgtql2): has type Book Edition
5. Hugo Chá́vez (fb:m.0c3xtsy): has type Book
6. Hugo Rafael Chávez (fb:m.0j681q9): Hugo Rafael Chávez is the son of Hugo Chávez., has type Person
7. Comandante Hugo Chavez (fb:m.0qh58m4): has type Musical Recording
8. Hugo Chavez wave. (fb:m.0bn10tt)
9. Hugo Chávez International Airport, also known as Cap-Haitien Airport (fb:m.02vqbkl): Hugo Chávez International Airport is an airport serving Cap-Haït...ad which had previously bisected the airstrip around it instead., has type Airport
10. History of Venezuela, also known as Presidency of Hugo Chávez, Presidency of Hugo Chavez (fb:m.08fltn): Venezuela under the presidency of Hugo Chávez from 1999 to 2013 ...l South. Chávez's presidency ended when he died on 5 March 2013.

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for "Hugo Chavez" is fb:m.0d1b_ which corresponds to Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías, the Venezuelan politician.

Next, I will construct a SPARQL query to find the educational institutions where Hugo Chavez went to school using the properties fb:people.person.education and fb:education.education.institution.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 2 columns:
| school                                                    | schoolLabel                                      |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| Julian Pino School (fb:m.0467r_n)                         | Julian Pino School (en)                          |
| Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (fb:m.0467s09)            | Daniel Florencio O'Leary School (en)             |
| Simón Bolívar University (fb:m.04fc47)                    | Simón Bolívar University (en)                    |
| Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (fb:m.08fk_z) | Bolivarian Military University of Venezuela (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process