PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?formOfGovernment WHERE {
  ?government fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?positionHeld .
  ?positionHeld fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions fb:m.010lcr_q .
  ?government fb:location.country.form_of_government ?formOfGovernment .
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                      |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Presidential system (fb:m.01d9r3)     |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5) |
| Federal republic (fb:m.0j729)         |

The government that held the 54th Brazilian National Congress has the following types of political systems: Presidential system, Constitutional republic, and Federal republic.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What type of political system does the government that held the 54th Brazilian National Congress have?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of government is used in the governmental jurisdiction that held the legislative session of the 54th Brazilian National Congress?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions fb:m.010lcr_q .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
54th Brazilian National Congress (fb:m.010lcr_q): This topic is about the 54th session of the National Congress of Brazil., has type Legislative session

Using properties:
Legislative sessions (fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Legislative session
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
For the governmental jurisdiction that held the legislative session of the 54th Brazilian National Congress, what is the government type?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions fb:m.010lcr_q .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
54th Brazilian National Congress (fb:m.010lcr_q): This topic is about the 54th session of the National Congress of Brazil., has type Legislative session

Using properties:
Legislative sessions (fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Legislative session
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
The president of the government where the legislative session of the 54th Brazilian National Congress was held.?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions fb:m.010lcr_q .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
54th Brazilian National Congress (fb:m.010lcr_q): This topic is about the 54th session of the National Congress of Brazil., has type Legislative session
President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., has type Fictional job title

Using properties:
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Legislative sessions (fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Legislative session
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

[Assistant]
There are similar examples that query the form or type of government for the governmental jurisdiction that held the legislative session of the 54th Brazilian National Congress. The entity for the 54th Brazilian National Congress is fb:m.010lcr_q. The property for the legislative sessions is fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions and the property for the form of government is fb:location.country.form_of_government.

I will now write a SPARQL query to get the form of government for the governmental jurisdiction that held the 54th Brazilian National Congress.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                      |
| ------------------------------------- |
| Presidential system (fb:m.01d9r3)     |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5) |
| Federal republic (fb:m.0j729)         |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the government associated with the 54th Brazilian National Congress by linking the legislative session to the government position held and then to the government entity. It then retrieves the form of government of the country where this government is located. The query returns three relevant types of political systems: Presidential system, Constitutional republic, and Federal republic, which are accurate descriptors of Brazil's political system. The query follows the rules by returning identifiers and does not perform any post-processing outside SPARQL. The answer is complete and correctly addresses the user's question.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?university ?universityLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.041h0 fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?university .
  ?university fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?university fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates ?numUndergraduates .
  ?numUndergraduates fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number "30477" .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?university rdfs:label ?universityLabel
  }
}

Got 43 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| university                        | universityLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Đại học Oxford (vi)         |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oksfordas Universitāte (lv) |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oksfordo universitetas (lt) |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oxfordi Egyetem (hu)        |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oxfordin yliopisto (fi)     |
| ...                               | ...                         |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | มหาวิทยาลัยอ๊อกซฟอร์ด (th)  |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 옥스퍼드 대학교 (ko)               |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | オックスフォード大学 (ja)             |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 牛津大学 (zh)                   |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 牛津大學 (zh-Hant)              |

The university with 30477 undergraduates that J.R.R. Tolkien attended is the University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What university with 30477 undergraduates did J.R.R. Tolkien attend?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What college with more than 30477 undergraduates did JRR Tolkien attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.041h0 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.041h0 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates ?c .
  ?c fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number ?num .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) > 30477 ) .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
J. R. R. Tolkien, also known as J.R.R. Tolkien, JRR Tolkien, J.R.R Tolkien, Tolkien, Tolkien, J.R.R. (fb:m.041h0): John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE FRSL was an English writer, poet,...plied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings., has type Author

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Number of undergraduates (fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates): part of College/University schema, links to type Dated Integer
number (fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number): part of Dated Integer schema, links to type Integer
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
What university with fewer than 30477 undergraduates did JRR Tolkien attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.041h0 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.041h0 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates ?c .
  ?c fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number ?num .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) < 30477 ) .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
J. R. R. Tolkien, also known as J.R.R. Tolkien, JRR Tolkien, J.R.R Tolkien, Tolkien, Tolkien, J.R.R. (fb:m.041h0): John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE FRSL was an English writer, poet,...plied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings., has type Author

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Number of undergraduates (fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates): part of College/University schema, links to type Dated Integer
number (fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number): part of Dated Integer schema, links to type Integer
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
What university with 30,056 undergraduates is the college J.R.R. Tolkien attended?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.041h0 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.041h0 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates ?c .
  ?c fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number "30056" .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
J. R. R. Tolkien, also known as J.R.R. Tolkien, JRR Tolkien, J.R.R Tolkien, Tolkien, Tolkien, J.R.R. (fb:m.041h0): John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, CBE FRSL was an English writer, poet,...plied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings., has type Author

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Number of undergraduates (fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates): part of College/University schema, links to type Dated Integer
number (fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number): part of Dated Integer schema, links to type Integer
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that J.R.R. Tolkien is represented as fb:m.041h0 in Freebase. The property for education is fb:people.person.education, and the institution attended can be found with fb:education.education.institution. The number of undergraduates at a university is represented by fb:education.university.number_of_undergraduates, which links to a dated integer with the actual number in fb:measurement_unit.dated_integer.number.

I will now construct a SPARQL query to find the university with exactly 30477 undergraduates that J.R.R. Tolkien attended.

[Tool]
Got 43 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| university                        | universityLabel             |
| --------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Đại học Oxford (vi)         |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oksfordas Universitāte (lv) |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oksfordo universitetas (lt) |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oxfordi Egyetem (hu)        |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | Oxfordin yliopisto (fi)     |
| ...                               | ...                         |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | มหาวิทยาลัยอ๊อกซฟอร์ด (th)  |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 옥스퍼드 대학교 (ko)               |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | オックスフォード大学 (ja)             |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 牛津大学 (zh)                   |
| University of Oxford (fb:m.07tgn) | 牛津大學 (zh-Hant)              |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the University of Oxford as the university with 30477 undergraduates that J.R.R. Tolkien attended. It uses appropriate properties to link Tolkien to his education institution and filters by the number of undergraduates. The query returns the university's identifier and multiple labels in different languages, which is acceptable as labels are optional and in an optional clause. The answer is correct and complete based on the knowledge graph data. No further refinement is necessary.