PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?work ?workLabel ?runtime WHERE {
  {
    fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?performance .
    ?performance fb:film.performance.film ?work .
    ?work fb:film.film.runtime ?runtimeNode .
    ?runtimeNode fb:film.film_cut.runtime ?runtime .
    OPTIONAL {
      ?work rdfs:label ?workLabel FILTER ( lang( ?workLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  } UNION {
    fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?performance2 .
    ?performance2 fb:film.performance.film ?work2 .
    ?work2 fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time ?runtime2 .
    BIND( ?runtime2 AS ?runtime ) OPTIONAL {
      ?work2 rdfs:label ?workLabel FILTER ( lang( ?workLabel ) = "en" )
    }
  }
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:float ( ?runtime ) )
LIMIT 1

The movie or TV show featuring Taylor Lautner with the longest runtime is "The Twilight Saga: New Moon" with a runtime of 130.0 minutes.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which of Taylor Lautner's movies and TV had the longest run time?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What TV show which features Taylor Lautner has the longest TV program running time?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time ?num .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film
Original episode running time (fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time): part of TV Program schema, links to type Integer

Example 2:
Question:
Which television program starring Taylor Lautner had the longest episode running time?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time ?num .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film
Original episode running time (fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time): part of TV Program schema, links to type Integer

Example 3:
Question:
What movie has a run time of 106.0 minutes and stars Taylor Lautner?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.runtime ?c .
  ?c fb:film.film_cut.runtime "106.0" .
}

Using entities:
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Runtime (fb:film.film.runtime): links to type Film cut, part of Film schema
Runtime (fb:film.film_cut.runtime): links to type Floating Point Number, part of Film cut schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that Taylor Lautner is identified as fb:m.07ldhs in Freebase. Movies and TV shows he acted in can be found via the property fb:film.actor.film linking to film performances, which then link to films or TV programs. For movies, the runtime is given by fb:film.film.runtime with a nested property fb:film.film_cut.runtime. For TV shows, the episode running time is given by fb:tv.tv_program.episode_running_time.

I will now write a query to find the movie or TV show with the longest runtime or episode running time for Taylor Lautner. I will combine both movies and TV shows and order by the longest runtime.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| work                                       | workLabel                        | runtime |
| ------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------- | ------- |
| The Twilight Saga: New Moon (fb:m.05pdh86) | The Twilight Saga: New Moon (en) | 130.0   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly retrieves both movies and TV shows featuring Taylor Lautner and their runtimes, then orders them by runtime in descending order and limits the result to the longest one. It properly handles the different properties for movie runtime and TV episode running time. The answer "The Twilight Saga: New Moon" with a runtime of 130 minutes is accurate based on the query result. The query also includes optional labels in English, which is helpful for readability. Overall, the output is correct and complete.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution ?institutionLabel WHERE {
  ?person fb:people.person.quotations fb:m.048k33b .
  ?person fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
  ?institution fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?institution rdfs:label ?institutionLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?institutionLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| institution                                                    | institutionLabel                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (fb:m.01jtp7) | Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (en) |
| Fordham University (fb:m.027kp3)                               | Fordham University (en)                               |
| University of Pennsylvania (fb:m.07tds)                        | University of Pennsylvania (en)                       |

The person who said "The point is that you can't be too greedy" graduated from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Fordham University, and the University of Pennsylvania.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where did the person who said "The point is that you can't be too greedy" graduate college from?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What schools were attended by the person who stated "The point is that you can't be too greedy?"?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:people.person.quotations fb:m.048k33b .
  ?c fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
The point is that you can't be too greedy. (fb:m.048k33b): has type Quotation

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
Quotations (fb:people.person.quotations): links to type Quotation, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
What school did the person attend who said, "Who is rich? He that rejoices in his portion"?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:people.person.quotations fb:m.048k067 .
  ?c fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Who is rich? He that rejoices in his portion. (fb:m.048k067): has type Quotation

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
Quotations (fb:people.person.quotations): links to type Quotation, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
What colleges did the person that said "Sometimes your best investments are the ones you don't make." attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:people.person.quotations fb:m.048gmjn .
  ?c fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Sometimes your best investments are the ones you don't make. (fb:m.048gmjn): has type Quotation

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
Quotations (fb:people.person.quotations): links to type Quotation, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, I see that the quotation "The point is that you can't be too greedy" is represented as an entity in Freebase with the identifier fb:m.048k33b. The property linking a person to their quotations is fb:people.person.quotations. The education of a person is linked by fb:people.person.education, and the institution of education is linked by fb:education.education.institution. The institution is of type College/University (fb:m.01y2hnl).

I will now construct a SPARQL query to find the college or university from which the person who said "The point is that you can't be too greedy" graduated.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| institution                                                    | institutionLabel                                      |
| -------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (fb:m.01jtp7) | Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (en) |
| Fordham University (fb:m.027kp3)                               | Fordham University (en)                               |
| University of Pennsylvania (fb:m.07tds)                        | University of Pennsylvania (en)                       |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the person who said the quote and retrieves the educational institutions they graduated from. The query uses appropriate properties and filters for college/university types and includes labels for readability. The answer is complete and matches the query results, listing the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Fordham University, and the University of Pennsylvania. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie WHERE {
  ?actor fb:film.actor.film ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.character fb:m.02qd_td .
  ?actor fb:film.actor.film ?actorPerformance .
  ?actorPerformance fb:film.performance.film ?movie .
}

Got 19 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Run the Tide (fb:m.011q0_7k)                             |
| The Ridiculous Six (fb:m.012z_7zt)                       |
| He's a Bully, Charlie Brown (fb:m.02686wj)               |
| Twilight (fb:m.03nm_fh)                                  |
| The Twilight Saga: New Moon (fb:m.05pdh86)               |
| ...                                                      |
| The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - Part 2 (fb:m.0djz0rc) |
| Field of Dreams 2: Lockout (fb:m.0g_w5hs)                |
| Incarceron (fb:m.0gx8qcw)                                |
| Grown Ups 2 (fb:m.0mzt5cs)                               |
| Tracers (fb:m.0ngj__s)                                   |

The actor who played the character Jacob Black has starred in the following movies: Run the Tide, The Ridiculous Six, He's a Bully, Charlie Brown, Twilight, The Twilight Saga: New Moon, The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - Part 2, Field of Dreams 2: Lockout, Incarceron, Grown Ups 2, and Tracers.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] The actor that played the character Jacob Black has starred in which movies?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What movies did the actor that played the character Jacob Black play in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:film.actor.film ?k .
  ?k fb:film.performance.character fb:m.02qd_td .
  ?c fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jacob Black, also known as Jake (fb:m.02qd_td): Jacob Black is a character in the Twilight series by Stephenie M...t 1 and Breaking Dawn Part 2, Jacob is played by Taylor Lautner., has type Film character

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 2:
Question:
What movies have featured the actor who played Jacob Black?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:film.actor.film ?k .
  ?k fb:film.performance.character fb:m.02qd_td .
  ?c fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jacob Black, also known as Jake (fb:m.02qd_td): Jacob Black is a character in the Twilight series by Stephenie M...t 1 and Breaking Dawn Part 2, Jacob is played by Taylor Lautner., has type Film character

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
What actor played the character Jacob Black?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:film.film.starring ?k .
  ?k fb:film.performance.actor fb:m.07gyrd1 .
  ?c fb:film.film.starring ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.actor ?x .
  ?y fb:film.performance.character fb:m.02qd_td .
}

Using entities:
Jacob Black, also known as Jake (fb:m.02qd_td): Jacob Black is a character in the Twilight series by Stephenie M...t 1 and Breaking Dawn Part 2, Jacob is played by Taylor Lautner., has type Film character
Krys Hyatt (fb:m.07gyrd1): Krys Hyatt is an actor., has type Film actor

Using properties:
Performances (fb:film.film.starring): links to type Film performance, part of Film schema
Actor (fb:film.performance.actor): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film actor
Character (fb:film.performance.character): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film character

[Assistant]
I found similar examples that answer the question "The actor that played the character Jacob Black has starred in which movies?" The character Jacob Black is identified as fb:m.02qd_td in Freebase. The property linking an actor to their film performances is fb:film.actor.film, and the property linking a performance to a character is fb:film.performance.character. The property linking a performance to a film is fb:film.performance.film.

I will now construct a SPARQL query based on these findings to get the movies in which the actor who played Jacob Black has starred.

[Tool]
Got 19 rows and 1 column, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| movie                                                    |
| -------------------------------------------------------- |
| Run the Tide (fb:m.011q0_7k)                             |
| The Ridiculous Six (fb:m.012z_7zt)                       |
| He's a Bully, Charlie Brown (fb:m.02686wj)               |
| Twilight (fb:m.03nm_fh)                                  |
| The Twilight Saga: New Moon (fb:m.05pdh86)               |
| ...                                                      |
| The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - Part 2 (fb:m.0djz0rc) |
| Field of Dreams 2: Lockout (fb:m.0g_w5hs)                |
| Incarceron (fb:m.0gx8qcw)                                |
| Grown Ups 2 (fb:m.0mzt5cs)                               |
| Tracers (fb:m.0ngj__s)                                   |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the actor who played Jacob Black by linking the character to the actor's film performances and then retrieving all movies the actor starred in. The answer lists multiple movies consistent with the query results. The query follows the rules by returning movie identifiers and does not perform any post-processing outside SPARQL. The output is complete and accurate for the user's question.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country ?countryLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.03_3d fb:location.statistical_region.places_exported_to ?exportRegion .
  ?exportRegion fb:location.imports_and_exports.exported_to ?country .
  ?country fb:location.location.time_zones fb:m.05jphn .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel FILTER ( lang( ?countryLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| country              | countryLabel |
| -------------------- | ------------ |
| Canada (fb:m.0d060g) | Canada (en)  |

Japan exports to Canada in the Newfoundland Time Zone.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What country does Japan export to in the Newfoundland Time Zone?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What country in the Newfoundland Time Zone does Japan import from?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03_3d ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03_3d fb:location.statistical_region.places_imported_from ?y .
  ?y fb:location.imports_and_exports.imported_from ?x .
  ?x fb:location.location.time_zones fb:m.05jphn .
}

Using entities:
Japan, also known as Япония, State of Japan, JAP, NTSC J, Nippon-koku (fb:m.03_3d): Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific ...on of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD., has type Country
Newfoundland Time Zone (fb:m.05jphn): The Newfoundland Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps tim... 52 degrees and 30 arcminutes west of the Greenwich Observatory., has type Time Zone

Using properties:
Imported from (fb:location.imports_and_exports.imported_from): part of Imports and exports schema, links to type Statistical region
Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): links to type Time Zone, part of Location schema
Places imported from (fb:location.statistical_region.places_imported_from): links to type Imports and exports, part of Statistical region schema

Example 2:
Question:
What country bordering the Great Lakes uses the local time zone called Newfoundland Time Zone?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.03519 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.03519 fb:location.location.partially_containedby ?x .
  ?x fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type ?sk0 .
  FILTER ( str( ?sk0 ) = "Country" ) ?x fb:location.location.time_zones fb:m.05jphn .
}

Using entities:
Great Lakes, also known as Laurentian Great Lakes (fb:m.03519): The Great Lakes are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes ...duced due to trade, and some threaten the region's biodiversity., has type Body Of Water
Newfoundland Time Zone (fb:m.05jphn): The Newfoundland Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps tim... 52 degrees and 30 arcminutes west of the Greenwich Observatory., has type Time Zone

Using properties:
Type (fb:base.biblioness.bibs_location.loc_type): part of Bibs Location schema, links to type Text
Partially contained by (fb:location.location.partially_containedby): part of Location schema, links to type Location
Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): links to type Time Zone, part of Location schema

Example 3:
Question:
What country in Casey Time Zone does New Zealand export to?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0ctw_b ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0ctw_b fb:location.statistical_region.places_exported_to ?y .
  ?y fb:location.imports_and_exports.exported_to ?x .
  ?x fb:location.location.time_zones fb:m.0y498qn .
}

Using entities:
New Zealand, also known as Aotearoa, God's own, Land of the long white cloud, NZ (fb:m.0ctw_b): New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Oce...ned the Treaty of Waitangi, making New Zealand a British colony., has type Country
Casey Time Zone (fb:m.0y498qn): has type Time Zone

Using properties:
Exported to (fb:location.imports_and_exports.exported_to): part of Imports and exports schema, links to type Statistical region
Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): links to type Time Zone, part of Location schema
Places exported to (fb:location.statistical_region.places_exported_to): links to type Imports and exports, part of Statistical region schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the relevant entities are Japan (fb:m.03_3d) and Newfoundland Time Zone (fb:m.05jphn). The properties used to link exports and time zones are:
- fb:location.statistical_region.places_exported_to
- fb:location.imports_and_exports.exported_to
- fb:location.location.time_zones

I will now construct a SPARQL query to find the countries in the Newfoundland Time Zone that Japan exports to.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| country              | countryLabel |
| -------------------- | ------------ |
| Canada (fb:m.0d060g) | Canada (en)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies Canada as the country in the Newfoundland Time Zone to which Japan exports. The query uses appropriate properties and entities, and the result matches the user's question. The answer is clear and supported by the query result. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country ?countryLabel ?iso_numeric WHERE {
  fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?country .
  ?country fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?country fb:location.country.iso_numeric ?iso_numeric .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?iso_numeric ) > 188 ) .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?countryLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| country                  | countryLabel     | iso_numeric |
| ------------------------ | ---------------- | ----------- |
| El Salvador (fb:m.02k8k) | El Salvador (en) | 222         |
| Guatemala (fb:m.0345_)   | Guatemala (en)   | 320         |
| Honduras (fb:m.03h2c)    | Honduras (en)    | 340         |
| Panama (fb:m.05qx1)      | Panama (en)      | 591         |

The countries in Central America with an ISO numeric larger than 188 are El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Of the seven countries making up Central America, which countries have an ISO numeric larger than 188?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Of the seven nations in Central America, which countries have an ISO numeric larger than 084?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.iso_numeric ?num .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) > 084 ) .
}

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
ISO Numeric (fb:location.country.iso_numeric): links to type Enumeration, part of Country schema
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

Example 2:
Question:
Which of the seven countries in Central America has an iso 3166-1 alpha-3 of CR?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.iso3166_1_alpha2 "CR" .
}

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
ISO Alpha 2 (fb:location.country.iso3166_1_alpha2): links to type Enumeration, part of Country schema
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

Example 3:
Question:
Which of the seven countries comprising Central America has the country calling code with the highest number?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.calling_code ?num .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Calling Code (fb:location.country.calling_code): part of Country schema, links to type Integer
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that Central America is represented by the entity fb:m.01tzh and countries have the notable type fb:m.01mp. The property for ISO numeric code is fb:location.country.iso_numeric. The property for location containment is fb:location.location.contains.

I will now write a SPARQL query to get the countries contained in Central America with an ISO numeric code larger than 188.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| country                  | countryLabel     | iso_numeric |
| ------------------------ | ---------------- | ----------- |
| El Salvador (fb:m.02k8k) | El Salvador (en) | 222         |
| Guatemala (fb:m.0345_)   | Guatemala (en)   | 320         |
| Honduras (fb:m.03h2c)    | Honduras (en)    | 340         |
| Panama (fb:m.05qx1)      | Panama (en)      | 591         |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the countries in Central America with an ISO numeric code larger than 188. It uses the appropriate properties and filters, and the execution result matches the provided answer. The query also includes labels in English as optional information, which is helpful. The answer is complete and accurate based on the data retrieved from Freebase. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?formOfGovernment WHERE {
  ?location fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?position .
  ?position fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?location fb:location.country.form_of_government ?formOfGovernment .
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                       |
| -------------------------------------- |
| Semi-presidential system (fb:m.01dw03) |
| Unitary state (fb:m.01fpfn)            |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5)  |

The location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position utilizes a system of government that includes Semi-presidential system, Unitary state, and Constitutional republic.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which system of government, does the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy, to governmental position utilize?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of government is used in the country that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a government position?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
The location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to governmental position has which President?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician
President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., has type Fictional job title

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

Example 3:
Question:
What is the name of the president of the geographic location where Nicolas Sarkozy was appointed to a governmental position?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician
President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., has type Fictional job title

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the property "fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by" can be used to find the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position. Then, from that location, the property "fb:location.country.form_of_government" can be used to find the system of government.

I will now write and execute a SPARQL query to find the system of government of the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                       |
| -------------------------------------- |
| Semi-presidential system (fb:m.01dw03) |
| Unitary state (fb:m.01fpfn)            |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the system of government of the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position. It uses appropriate properties to link the location with the appointed position and then retrieves the form of government. The result includes relevant forms of government such as Semi-presidential system, Unitary state, and Constitutional republic, which accurately reflect the French system of government. The query adheres to the rules by returning identifiers and does not perform any post-processing outside SPARQL. Therefore, the answer is correct and complete.


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.024v2j fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?college .
  ?college fb:organization.organization.date_founded "1893-02-24" ^^ xsd:date .
}

Paul Ryan attended American University, which was founded on 24 February 1893.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What college, founded on 24 February 1893, did Paul Ryan attend?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What school with founding date after 1893 did Richard Nixon attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06c97 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06c97 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hn6 .
  ?x fb:organization.organization.date_founded ?num .
  FILTER ( ?num > "1893" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) .
}

Using entities:
School, also known as elementary school, middle school, grammar school, high school (fb:m.01y2hn6): A school is an institution that provides education below the ter...r more information, please see the Freebase wiki page on School.
Richard Nixon, also known as Dick, Vice President Richard Nixon, Tricky Dick, Slick Rick, Richard M. Nixon (fb:m.06c97): Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United State... F. Kennedy, and lost a race for Governor of California in 1962., has type US President

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded): part of Organization schema, links to type Date/Time
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
Which college founded in 1841 did Donald Trump attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0cqt90 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0cqt90 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:organization.organization.date_founded "1841" ^^ xsd:dateTime .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Donald Trump, also known as DJT, The Trumpster, The Donald, The Don, Mr. Donald Trump (fb:m.0cqt90): Donald John Trump is an American real estate magnate, television...e 2016 election, seeking the nomination of the Republican Party., has type Organization leader

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded): part of Organization schema, links to type Date/Time
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
What college did Jck Ryan graduate from that was also attended by Jackie Kennedy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0h6mq ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0h6mq fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:fictional_universe.school_in_fiction.students_graduates fb:m.07kpv .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Jack Ryan, also known as John Patrick Ryan Sr., John Patrick Ryan, Dr. Jack Ryan (fb:m.07kpv): John Patrick "Jack" Ryan, Sr., KCVO, is a fictional character by...becoming the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency., Jack Ryan is a fictional character from the 2013 film Jack Ryan., has type Film character
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, also known as Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, Supertanker, Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Onassis, Jacqueline Lee "Jackie" Bouvier Kennedy Onassis (fb:m.0h6mq): Jacqueline Lee "Jackie" Kennedy Onassis was the wife of the 35th...sband in a motorcade in Dallas, Texas, when he was assassinated., has type Politician

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Students/graduates (fb:fictional_universe.school_in_fiction.students_graduates): links to type Fictional Character, part of School in fiction schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, the approach is to:
1. Identify the entity for Paul Ryan.
2. Find the education institutions he attended.
3. Filter those institutions by the founding date 24 February 1893.

First, I will search for the entity "Paul Ryan" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Paul Ryan, also known as Paul D. Ryan, Jr. (fb:m.024v2j): Paul Davis Ryan is an American politician and member of the Repu...ith the two chambers controlled by different parties since 1986., Paul Ryan appeared in the 2012 film Koch Brothers Exposed., has type U.S. Congressperson
2. Paul Ryan, also known as Ryan, Paul (fb:m.01txkpd): Paul Ryan was an English singer, songwriter and record producer....h their version of "Eloise". He died of cancer at the age of 44., has type Composer
3. Paul Ryan (fb:m.02rfpsy): Paul Ryan is an American comic book and comic strip cartoonist. ...s the daily comic strip The Phantom for King Features Syndicate., has type Fictional Character Creator
4. Paul Ryan (fb:m.09k51_7): Paul Ryan is a British music agent for The Agency Group, and former guitarist of Cradle of Filth., has type Musician
5. Paul Ryan, also known as Bernard Feldman (fb:m.05w0n4q): Paul Ryan born Bernard Paul Feldman was an American actor, produ...oseph Medical Center in Burbank, California of leukemia in 2015., Paul Ryan is an actor and author., has type Author
6. Paul Ryan (fb:m.02719_3): Paul Ryan is a fictional character on the CBS soap opera As the ...st portrayed by Roger Howarth who stepped into the role in 2003., has type TV Character
7. Paul F. Ryan, also known as Paul Ryan (fb:m.026d62r): Paul F. Ryan is a film producer, director, and teacher. He is be... Orange, California. Paul F. Ryan at the Internet Movie Database, has type Film director
8. Paul Ryan, also known as Paul "Scrap Iron" Ryan, Scrap Iron (fb:m.0yqm51_): Paul "Scrap Iron" Ryan born in Kent is an English professional l... i.e. light welterweight to 148 ³⁄₄ lb, i.e. light middleweight., has type Boxer
9. Paul Ryan (fb:m.0gjcwf2): Paul Louis Ryan was an American video artist and communications ...he Peircean relational circuit and Earthscore notational system., has type Author
10. Paul Ryan (fb:m.03c9xkb): Paul Ryan is a guitarist and vocalist for the Kansas-based techn...own of Topeka, Kansas. Necrotomy in 1991 & Abomination 1992-1993, has type Guitarist

[Assistant] The most relevant entity for Paul Ryan, the American politician, is fb:m.024v2j. Next, I will find the education institutions he attended.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                 | property                               | object       |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| Paul Ryan (fb:m.024v2j) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.02wpwbt |
| Paul Ryan (fb:m.024v2j) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.0kr92v3 |
| Paul Ryan (fb:m.024v2j) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.0ktt9qt |

[Assistant] Paul Ryan has three education entries: fb:m.02wpwbt, fb:m.0kr92v3, and fb:m.0ktt9qt. I will now check the institutions for these education entries.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                         | object                         |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------ |
| fb:m.02wpwbt | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | Miami University (fb:m.01r3y2) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                         | object                                    |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.0kr92v3 | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | Joseph A. Craig High School (fb:m.02lky6) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                         | object                           |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
| fb:m.0ktt9qt | Institution (fb:education.education.institution) | American University (fb:m.0kw4j) |

[Assistant] Paul Ryan attended Miami University (fb:m.01r3y2), Joseph A. Craig High School (fb:m.02lky6), and American University (fb:m.0kw4j). Now I will check the founding dates of these institutions to find which one was founded on 24 February 1893.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                        | property                                                 | object           |
| ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Miami University (fb:m.01r3y2) | Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded) | 1809 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                                   | property                                                 | object           |
| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- |
| Joseph A. Craig High School (fb:m.02lky6) | Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded) | 1954 (xsd:gYear) |

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                                                 | object                |
| -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| American University (fb:m.0kw4j) | Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded) | 1893-02-24 (xsd:date) |

[Assistant] Among the institutions Paul Ryan attended, American University was founded on 24 February 1893. I will now formulate the final SPARQL query to confirm this and provide the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the college attended by Paul Ryan that was founded on 24 February 1893. It uses the appropriate properties to link Paul Ryan to his education and filters the institution by the founding date. The answer 'American University' matches the query result and is accurate. No further refinement is necessary.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?currency ?currencyLabel WHERE {
  ?country fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?country fb:location.country.currency_used ?currency .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?currency rdfs:label ?currencyLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?currencyLabel ) = 'en' )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency                      | currencyLabel        |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Jamaican dollar (fb:m.04xc2m) | Jamaican dollar (en) |

The currency used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken is the Jamaican dollar.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which currency is used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What currency is used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
Which currency is used in the country whose official language is the Jamaican English?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.official_language fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
What is the currency of the country that speaks Jamaican English?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
There are similar examples that show how to query the currency used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken. The entity for Jamaican English is fb:m.01428y. The properties to use are fb:location.country.languages_spoken for the language spoken in the country and fb:location.country.currency_used for the currency used in the country.

I will now execute a query based on these examples to get the currency used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency                      | currencyLabel        |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Jamaican dollar (fb:m.04xc2m) | Jamaican dollar (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the country where Jamaican English is spoken and retrieves the currency used in that country. The query returns the Jamaican dollar, which is the correct currency for Jamaica. The query also includes an optional label for the currency in English, which is helpful for readability. The query follows the rules by returning the actual identifier and an optional label, and the answer is accurate and complete. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?formOfGovernment ?formOfGovernmentLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.03spz fb:location.country.form_of_government ?formOfGovernment .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?formOfGovernment rdfs:label ?formOfGovernmentLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?formOfGovernmentLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| formOfGovernment                   | formOfGovernmentLabel     |
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | Parliamentary system (en) |

The government system in place in the area of circulation for HaTzofe (Israel) is a Parliamentary system.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the government system in place in the area of circulation for HaTzofe?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of currency is used in the palce where the HaTzofe newspaper is circulated?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers fb:m.052bm8 .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
HaTzofe (fb:m.052bm8): HaTzofe was a Hebrew language daily newspaper published in Israe...ations. It printed its last edition on Friday, 26 December 2008., has type Newspaper

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Newspapers (fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers): part of Newspaper circulation area schema, links to type Newspaper

Example 2:
Question:
WHat languages are spoken in the area where the newspaper HaTzofe is produced?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers fb:m.052bm8 .
  ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
HaTzofe (fb:m.052bm8): HaTzofe was a Hebrew language daily newspaper published in Israe...ations. It printed its last edition on Friday, 26 December 2008., has type Newspaper

Using properties:
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
Newspapers (fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers): part of Newspaper circulation area schema, links to type Newspaper

Example 3:
Question:
What type of government is used in the governmental jurisdiction that includes a governmental body called Knesset?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body fb:m.0jxlq .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Knesset (fb:m.0jxlq): The Knesset is the unicameral national legislature of Israel. As...ent composition. The Knesset is located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem., has type Governmental Body

Using properties:
Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Governmental Body
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that HaTzofe is identified as fb:m.052bm8 in Freebase. The property for the newspaper circulation area is fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers. To find the government system in the area of circulation, we can find the circulation area entity and then find the form of government for that area using the property fb:location.country.form_of_government.

I will now search for the circulation area of HaTzofe.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| circulationArea     |
| ------------------- |
| Israel (fb:m.03spz) |

[Assistant] The circulation area for HaTzofe is Israel (fb:m.03spz). Now I will query the form of government for Israel.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                   |
| ---------------------------------- |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) |

[Tool]
Got 40 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                            | property   | object                                  |
| ---------------------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------- |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Democràcia parlamentària (ca)           |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Pamamaraang parlamentaryo (fil)         |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarisches Regierungssystem (de) |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarism (et)                     |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarism (sv)                     |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarisme (da)                    |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarisme (no)                    |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarismi (fi)                    |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarismo (es)                    |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) | rdfs:label | Parlamentarismo (pt)                    |
| ...                                | ...        | ...                                     |

[Assistant]
The government system in place in the area of circulation for HaTzofe (Israel) is a Parliamentary system.

I will now provide the final answer with the SPARQL query.

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies the form of government for Israel, which is the area of circulation for HaTzofe. It retrieves the government system using the property 'form_of_government' linked to Israel and includes an English label for clarity. The answer 'Parliamentary system' is accurate and matches the query result. The query follows the rules by returning the identifier and label, and the answer is complete and relevant to the user's question. No further refinement is needed.


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie WHERE {
  fb:m.0bdxs5 fb:film.actor.film ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.film ?movie .
  ?movie fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.03q13kw .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| movie              |
| ------------------ |
| LOL (fb:m.0cmddrx) |

The movie with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan that starred Miley Cyrus is LOL.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What movies with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan starred has Miley Cyrus?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Which movies starring Taylor Lautner include cinematography by Guillermo Navarro?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 2:
Question:
What movies that the cinematography was by Guillermo Navarro, did Taylor Lautner star in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
Which films featuring cinematography by Guillermo Navarro have featured Taylor Lautner?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

[Assistant]
The examples show a pattern for querying movies with cinematography by a specific cinematographer and starring a specific actor. We need to find the Freebase entities for "Kieran McGuigan" and "Miley Cyrus" first. Then we can use the properties for film performances and cinematography to build the query.

I will start by searching for the entity "Kieran McGuigan" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kieran McGuigan (fb:m.03q13kw): Kieran McGuigan is a cinematographer., has type Film cinematographer
2. Kieran Roberts, also known as Kieran (fb:m.0w2f1gn): Kieran Roberts is an actor., has type Film actor
3. Kieran (fb:m.0bq51md): has type Film actor
4. Kieran (fb:m.05d53fz)
5. Kieran (fb:m.01w6zz1): has type Musical Artist
6. Kieran (fb:m.0j5sh8c): Kieran is a fictional character from Seamonsters., has type Film character
7. Kieran (fb:m.0clyh2d): Kieran is a fictional character in the 2010 comedy film Dinner For Schmucks., has type Film character
8. Kieran (fb:m.0cg57d_): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2008 drama film Rachel Getting Married., has type Film character
9. Kieran (fb:m.0w1gmm3): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2010 film The Penthouse., has type Film character
10. Kieran (fb:m.0zvw850): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2012 short drama film Beginnings., has type Film character

[Assistant] I found the entity for Kieran McGuigan as a cinematographer with the Freebase ID fb:m.03q13kw. Now I will search for the entity "Miley Cyrus" in Freebase.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Miley Cyrus, also known as Destiny Cyrus, Smiley Miley, Smiley, Miley Ray Cyrus, Miley (fb:m.0bdxs5): Miley Ray Cyrus is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. ...ives, which featured the successful track "Party in the U.S.A."., has type Celebrity
2. Miley Cyrus, also known as Mylie Cyrus (fb:m.0xnqn32): Interview with and performance by singer and actress Miley Cyrus., Miley Cyrus hosts and performs., has type TV Episode
3. Heather Morris, also known as Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0jqrh94): Miley Cyrus is the guest host. Prank victims include Kelly Osbourne, Khloe Kardashian and Liam Hemsworth., has type TV Episode
4. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0zkzy0x): has type Musical Recording
5. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0wcg7bb): has type TV Episode
6. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0_mvzqm): has type TV Episode
7. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.010b0mvw): Miley Cyrus is an American actress and singer. She became an ove...ed Cyrus to launch her own recording career several years later., has type TV Episode
8. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0y8cf1n): has type TV Episode
9. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.011r0zpk): Miley Cyrus is a fictional representation of singer and actress Miley Cyrus., has type Fictional Character
10. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.07bqrb9)

[Assistant] I found the entity for Miley Cyrus as a celebrity with the Freebase ID fb:m.0bdxs5. Now I will build a SPARQL query to find movies with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan that starred Miley Cyrus. The query will use the properties for film performances and cinematography.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| movie              |
| ------------------ |
| LOL (fb:m.0cmddrx) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process

[User]
Feedback (status=done):
The SPARQL query correctly identifies movies that star Miley Cyrus and have cinematography by Kieran McGuigan. It uses the appropriate properties to link Miley Cyrus to her film performances and then filters those films by the cinematographer Kieran McGuigan. The query returns the expected movie 'LOL', which matches the answer provided. The query follows the rules by returning the movie identifier and does not perform any unnecessary computation outside SPARQL. Therefore, the output is correct and complete.