PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?country ?countryLabel ?isoNumeric WHERE {
  fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?country .
  ?country fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?country fb:location.country.iso_numeric ?isoNumeric .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?isoNumeric ) > 188 ) .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?country rdfs:label ?countryLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?countryLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| country                  | countryLabel     | isoNumeric |
| ------------------------ | ---------------- | ---------- |
| El Salvador (fb:m.02k8k) | El Salvador (en) | 222        |
| Guatemala (fb:m.0345_)   | Guatemala (en)   | 320        |
| Honduras (fb:m.03h2c)    | Honduras (en)    | 340        |
| Panama (fb:m.05qx1)      | Panama (en)      | 591        |

The countries in Central America with an ISO numeric code larger than 188 are El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Panama.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Of the seven countries making up Central America, which countries have an ISO numeric larger than 188?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Of the seven nations in Central America, which countries have an ISO numeric larger than 084?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.iso_numeric ?num .
  FILTER ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) > 084 ) .
}

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
ISO Numeric (fb:location.country.iso_numeric): links to type Enumeration, part of Country schema
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

Example 2:
Question:
Which of the seven countries in Central America has an iso 3166-1 alpha-3 of CR?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.iso3166_1_alpha2 "CR" .
}

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
ISO Alpha 2 (fb:location.country.iso3166_1_alpha2): links to type Enumeration, part of Country schema
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

Example 3:
Question:
Which of the seven countries comprising Central America has the country calling code with the highest number?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.01tzh ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.01tzh fb:location.location.contains ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01mp .
  ?x fb:location.country.calling_code ?num .
}
ORDER BY DESC ( xsd:integer ( ?num ) )
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Country, also known as Empire (fb:m.01mp): The type country in Freebase can and should be used with a varie...s with little population or autonomy will be typed as a country.
Central America (fb:m.01tzh): Central America is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the Nor...us peoples of Mesoamerica, especially the Mayans and the Aztecs., has type Region

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Calling Code (fb:location.country.calling_code): part of Country schema, links to type Integer
Contains (fb:location.location.contains): part of Location schema, links to type Location

[Assistant] From the examples, I see that Central America is represented by the entity fb:m.01tzh and countries have the notable type fb:m.01mp. The property for ISO numeric code is fb:location.country.iso_numeric. I will now write a SPARQL query to find countries contained in Central America with an ISO numeric code larger than 188.

[Tool]
Got 4 rows and 3 columns:
| country                  | countryLabel     | isoNumeric |
| ------------------------ | ---------------- | ---------- |
| El Salvador (fb:m.02k8k) | El Salvador (en) | 222        |
| Guatemala (fb:m.0345_)   | Guatemala (en)   | 320        |
| Honduras (fb:m.03h2c)    | Honduras (en)    | 340        |
| Panama (fb:m.05qx1)      | Panama (en)      | 591        |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?form_of_government WHERE {
  ?location fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?position .
  ?position fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?location fb:location.country.form_of_government ?form_of_government .
}

Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| form_of_government                     |
| -------------------------------------- |
| Semi-presidential system (fb:m.01dw03) |
| Unitary state (fb:m.01fpfn)            |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5)  |

The location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position utilizes the following systems of government: Semi-presidential system, Unitary state, and Constitutional republic.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which system of government, does the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy, to governmental position utilize?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of government is used in the country that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a government position?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
The location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to governmental position has which President?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician
President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., has type Fictional job title

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

Example 3:
Question:
What is the name of the president of the geographic location where Nicolas Sarkozy was appointed to a governmental position?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by fb:m.02ps9k .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.060c4 .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2015-08-10" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Nicolas Sarkozy, also known as Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa, The Bling Bling President, Speedy, Sarko l'Américain, Sarko (fb:m.02ps9k): Nicolas Sarkozy is a French politician who served as the Preside...er Carla Bruni on 2 February 2008 at the Élysée Palace in Paris., has type Politician
President, also known as Chairman (fb:m.060c4): A president is the leader of a country or a division or part of ...publics, semi-presidential republics or parliamentary republics., has type Fictional job title

Using properties:
Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Political Appointer
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

[Assistant]
From the examples, it is clear that the property to find the system of government is fb:location.country.form_of_government. Also, the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position can be found using the property fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials and the appointed_by property fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by with the entity for Nicolas Sarkozy (fb:m.02ps9k).

I will now construct a SPARQL query to find the system of government of the location that appointed Nicolas Sarkozy to a governmental position.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 1 column:
| form_of_government                     |
| -------------------------------------- |
| Semi-presidential system (fb:m.01dw03) |
| Unitary state (fb:m.01fpfn)            |
| Constitutional republic (fb:m.0c9rw5)  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?institution WHERE {
  fb:m.024v2j fb:people.person.education ?education .
  ?education fb:education.education.institution ?institution .
  ?institution fb:organization.organization.date_founded "1893-02-24" ^^ xsd:date .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| institution                      |
| -------------------------------- |
| American University (fb:m.0kw4j) |

The college founded on 24 February 1893 that Paul Ryan attended is American University.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What college, founded on 24 February 1893, did Paul Ryan attend?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What school with founding date after 1893 did Richard Nixon attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.06c97 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.06c97 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hn6 .
  ?x fb:organization.organization.date_founded ?num .
  FILTER ( ?num > "1893" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) .
}

Using entities:
School, also known as elementary school, middle school, grammar school, high school (fb:m.01y2hn6): A school is an institution that provides education below the ter...r more information, please see the Freebase wiki page on School.
Richard Nixon, also known as Dick, Vice President Richard Nixon, Tricky Dick, Slick Rick, Richard M. Nixon (fb:m.06c97): Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United State... F. Kennedy, and lost a race for Governor of California in 1962., has type US President

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded): part of Organization schema, links to type Date/Time
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 2:
Question:
Which college founded in 1841 did Donald Trump attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0cqt90 ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0cqt90 fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:organization.organization.date_founded "1841" ^^ xsd:dateTime .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Donald Trump, also known as DJT, The Trumpster, The Donald, The Don, Mr. Donald Trump (fb:m.0cqt90): Donald John Trump is an American real estate magnate, television...e 2016 election, seeking the nomination of the Republican Party., has type Organization leader

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Date founded (fb:organization.organization.date_founded): part of Organization schema, links to type Date/Time
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
What college did Jck Ryan graduate from that was also attended by Jackie Kennedy?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.0h6mq ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.0h6mq fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
  ?x fb:common.topic.notable_types fb:m.01y2hnl .
  ?x fb:fictional_universe.school_in_fiction.students_graduates fb:m.07kpv .
}

Using entities:
College/University, also known as College, University (fb:m.01y2hnl): The College/University type is used for institutions that offer ...mation, please see the Freebase wiki page on College/University.
Jack Ryan, also known as John Patrick Ryan Sr., John Patrick Ryan, Dr. Jack Ryan (fb:m.07kpv): John Patrick "Jack" Ryan, Sr., KCVO, is a fictional character by...becoming the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency., Jack Ryan is a fictional character from the 2013 film Jack Ryan., has type Film character
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, also known as Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, Supertanker, Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Onassis, Jacqueline Lee "Jackie" Bouvier Kennedy Onassis (fb:m.0h6mq): Jacqueline Lee "Jackie" Kennedy Onassis was the wife of the 35th...sband in a motorcade in Dallas, Texas, when he was assassinated., has type Politician

Using properties:
Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types): part of Topic schema, links to type Type
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Students/graduates (fb:fictional_universe.school_in_fiction.students_graduates): links to type Fictional Character, part of School in fiction schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, the approach to answer the question "What college, founded on 24 February 1893, did Paul Ryan attend?" is to:
1. Identify the entity for Paul Ryan.
2. Find the educational institutions Paul Ryan attended.
3. Filter those institutions by the founding date "24 February 1893".

I will start by searching for the entity "Paul Ryan" in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Paul Ryan, also known as Paul D. Ryan, Jr. (fb:m.024v2j): Paul Davis Ryan is an American politician and member of the Repu...ith the two chambers controlled by different parties since 1986., Paul Ryan appeared in the 2012 film Koch Brothers Exposed., has type U.S. Congressperson
2. Paul Ryan, also known as Ryan, Paul (fb:m.01txkpd): Paul Ryan was an English singer, songwriter and record producer....h their version of "Eloise". He died of cancer at the age of 44., has type Composer
3. Paul Ryan (fb:m.02rfpsy): Paul Ryan is an American comic book and comic strip cartoonist. ...s the daily comic strip The Phantom for King Features Syndicate., has type Fictional Character Creator
4. Paul Ryan (fb:m.09k51_7): Paul Ryan is a British music agent for The Agency Group, and former guitarist of Cradle of Filth., has type Musician
5. Paul Ryan, also known as Bernard Feldman (fb:m.05w0n4q): Paul Ryan born Bernard Paul Feldman was an American actor, produ...oseph Medical Center in Burbank, California of leukemia in 2015., Paul Ryan is an actor and author., has type Author
6. Paul Ryan (fb:m.02719_3): Paul Ryan is a fictional character on the CBS soap opera As the ...st portrayed by Roger Howarth who stepped into the role in 2003., has type TV Character
7. Paul F. Ryan, also known as Paul Ryan (fb:m.026d62r): Paul F. Ryan is a film producer, director, and teacher. He is be... Orange, California. Paul F. Ryan at the Internet Movie Database, has type Film director
8. Paul Ryan, also known as Paul "Scrap Iron" Ryan, Scrap Iron (fb:m.0yqm51_): Paul "Scrap Iron" Ryan born in Kent is an English professional l... i.e. light welterweight to 148 ³⁄₄ lb, i.e. light middleweight., has type Boxer
9. Paul Ryan (fb:m.0gjcwf2): Paul Louis Ryan was an American video artist and communications ...he Peircean relational circuit and Earthscore notational system., has type Author
10. Paul Ryan (fb:m.03c9xkb): Paul Ryan is a guitarist and vocalist for the Kansas-based techn...own of Topeka, Kansas. Necrotomy in 1991 & Abomination 1992-1993, has type Guitarist

[Assistant] The most relevant entity for Paul Ryan, the American politician, is fb:m.024v2j. Now I will find the educational institutions Paul Ryan attended.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| education    | institution                               |
| ------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.02wpwbt | Miami University (fb:m.01r3y2)            |
| fb:m.0kr92v3 | Joseph A. Craig High School (fb:m.02lky6) |
| fb:m.0ktt9qt | American University (fb:m.0kw4j)          |

[Assistant] Paul Ryan attended three educational institutions: Miami University, Joseph A. Craig High School, and American University. The question asks for the college founded on 24 February 1893. I will now check the founding dates of these institutions to find the one founded on that date.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| institution                               | dateFounded           |
| ----------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
| Miami University (fb:m.01r3y2)            | 1809 (xsd:gYear)      |
| Joseph A. Craig High School (fb:m.02lky6) | 1954 (xsd:gYear)      |
| American University (fb:m.0kw4j)          | 1893-02-24 (xsd:date) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?currency ?currencyLabel WHERE {
  ?country fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?country fb:location.country.currency_used ?currency .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?currency rdfs:label ?currencyLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?currencyLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency                      | currencyLabel        |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Jamaican dollar (fb:m.04xc2m) | Jamaican dollar (en) |

The currency used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken is the Jamaican dollar.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Which currency is used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What currency is used in the country where Jamaican English is spoken?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
Which currency is used in the country whose official language is the Jamaican English?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.official_language fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
What is the currency of the country that speaks Jamaican English?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken fb:m.01428y .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y): Jamaican English which includes Jamaican Standard English is a v...with Jamaican Patois, also known as Jamaican or Jamaican Creole., has type Human Language

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
From the similar examples, I found that Jamaican English is represented by the entity fb:m.01428y in Freebase. The property for the language spoken in a country is fb:location.country.languages_spoken, and the property for the currency used in a country is fb:location.country.currency_used.

I will now write a SPARQL query to find the currency used in the country where Jamaican English (fb:m.01428y) is spoken.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| currency                      | currencyLabel        |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------- |
| Jamaican dollar (fb:m.04xc2m) | Jamaican dollar (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?formOfGovernment WHERE {
  ?circulationArea fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers fb:m.052bm8 .
  ?circulationArea fb:location.country.form_of_government ?formOfGovernment .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                   |
| ---------------------------------- |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) |

The government system in place in the area of circulation for HaTzofe is a Parliamentary system.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the government system in place in the area of circulation for HaTzofe?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
What form of currency is used in the palce where the HaTzofe newspaper is circulated?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers fb:m.052bm8 .
  ?c fb:location.country.currency_used ?x .
}

Using entities:
HaTzofe (fb:m.052bm8): HaTzofe was a Hebrew language daily newspaper published in Israe...ations. It printed its last edition on Friday, 26 December 2008., has type Newspaper

Using properties:
Currency Used (fb:location.country.currency_used): links to type Currency, part of Country schema
Newspapers (fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers): part of Newspaper circulation area schema, links to type Newspaper

Example 2:
Question:
WHat languages are spoken in the area where the newspaper HaTzofe is produced?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers fb:m.052bm8 .
  ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
HaTzofe (fb:m.052bm8): HaTzofe was a Hebrew language daily newspaper published in Israe...ations. It printed its last edition on Friday, 26 December 2008., has type Newspaper

Using properties:
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
Newspapers (fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers): part of Newspaper circulation area schema, links to type Newspaper

Example 3:
Question:
What type of government is used in the governmental jurisdiction that includes a governmental body called Knesset?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body fb:m.0jxlq .
  ?c fb:location.country.form_of_government ?x .
}

Using entities:
Knesset (fb:m.0jxlq): The Knesset is the unicameral national legislature of Israel. As...ent composition. The Knesset is located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem., has type Governmental Body

Using properties:
Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Governmental Body
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Form of Government (fb:location.country.form_of_government): links to type Form of Government, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the property for the government system or form of government in a country is fb:location.country.form_of_government. Also, the circulation area of a newspaper can be found with fb:periodicals.newspaper_circulation_area.newspapers.

Next, I will search for the entity HaTzofe to find its identifier in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. HaTzofe (fb:m.052bm8): HaTzofe was a Hebrew language daily newspaper published in Israe...ations. It printed its last edition on Friday, 26 December 2008., has type Newspaper
2. Emanuel Hatzofe (fb:m.04n3qd1): Emanuel Hatzofe is an Israeli sculptor. Emanuel Hatzofe was born...nchor, 1993, Ra'anana, Israel Boat, 2003, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, has type Person

[Assistant] The entity HaTzofe is identified as fb:m.052bm8 in the knowledge graph. Now I will write a SPARQL query to find the government system (form of government) in the area of circulation for HaTzofe using the property fb:location.country.form_of_government.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| formOfGovernment                   |
| ---------------------------------- |
| Parliamentary system (fb:m.018wl5) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?movie WHERE {
  fb:m.0bdxs5 fb:film.actor.film ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.film ?movie .
  ?movie fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.03q13kw .
}

Got 1 row and 1 column:
| movie              |
| ------------------ |
| LOL (fb:m.0cmddrx) |

The movie with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan that starred Miley Cyrus is LOL (fb:m.0cmddrx).

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What movies with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan starred has Miley Cyrus?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Which movies starring Taylor Lautner include cinematography by Guillermo Navarro?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 2:
Question:
What movies that the cinematography was by Guillermo Navarro, did Taylor Lautner star in?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

Example 3:
Question:
Which films featuring cinematography by Guillermo Navarro have featured Taylor Lautner?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.07ldhs ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.07ldhs fb:film.actor.film ?y .
  ?y fb:film.performance.film ?x .
  ?x fb:film.film.cinematography fb:m.02prdsv .
}

Using entities:
Guillermo Navarro, also known as Guillermo Navarro, ASC, Guillermo Navarro, ASC, A.M.C. (fb:m.02prdsv): Guillermo Navarro, ASC is a Mexican cinematographer and director...Juan Azulay, also featuring son Alvaro Navarro's cinematography., has type Film cinematographer
Taylor Lautner, also known as Taylor Daniel Lautner (fb:m.07ldhs): Taylor Daniel Lautner is an American actor, model and martial ar..., Lautner was named the highest-paid teenage actor in Hollywood., has type Martial Artist

Using properties:
Film performances (fb:film.actor.film): links to type Film performance, part of Film actor schema
Cinematography (fb:film.film.cinematography): links to type Film cinematographer, part of Film schema
Film (fb:film.performance.film): part of Film performance schema, links to type Film

[Assistant]
The examples show a pattern for querying movies with a specific cinematographer and actor. We need to find the entities for "Kieran McGuigan" and "Miley Cyrus" first, then use the properties for film performances and cinematography to build the query.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Kieran McGuigan" (cinematographer).

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Kieran McGuigan (fb:m.03q13kw): Kieran McGuigan is a cinematographer., has type Film cinematographer
2. Kieran Roberts, also known as Kieran (fb:m.0w2f1gn): Kieran Roberts is an actor., has type Film actor
3. Kieran (fb:m.0bq51md): has type Film actor
4. Kieran (fb:m.05d53fz)
5. Kieran (fb:m.01w6zz1): has type Musical Artist
6. Kieran (fb:m.0j5sh8c): Kieran is a fictional character from Seamonsters., has type Film character
7. Kieran (fb:m.0clyh2d): Kieran is a fictional character in the 2010 comedy film Dinner For Schmucks., has type Film character
8. Kieran (fb:m.0cg57d_): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2008 drama film Rachel Getting Married., has type Film character
9. Kieran (fb:m.0w1gmm3): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2010 film The Penthouse., has type Film character
10. Kieran (fb:m.0zvw850): Kieran is a fictional character from the 2012 short drama film Beginnings., has type Film character

[Assistant] I found the entity for Kieran McGuigan as a cinematographer: fb:m.03q13kw. Now I will search for the entity "Miley Cyrus."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Miley Cyrus, also known as Destiny Cyrus, Smiley Miley, Smiley, Miley Ray Cyrus, Miley (fb:m.0bdxs5): Miley Ray Cyrus is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. ...ives, which featured the successful track "Party in the U.S.A."., has type Celebrity
2. Miley Cyrus, also known as Mylie Cyrus (fb:m.0xnqn32): Interview with and performance by singer and actress Miley Cyrus., Miley Cyrus hosts and performs., has type TV Episode
3. Heather Morris, also known as Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0jqrh94): Miley Cyrus is the guest host. Prank victims include Kelly Osbourne, Khloe Kardashian and Liam Hemsworth., has type TV Episode
4. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0zkzy0x): has type Musical Recording
5. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0wcg7bb): has type TV Episode
6. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0_mvzqm): has type TV Episode
7. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.010b0mvw): Miley Cyrus is an American actress and singer. She became an ove...ed Cyrus to launch her own recording career several years later., has type TV Episode
8. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.0y8cf1n): has type TV Episode
9. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.011r0zpk): Miley Cyrus is a fictional representation of singer and actress Miley Cyrus., has type Fictional Character
10. Miley Cyrus (fb:m.07bqrb9)

[Assistant] I found the entity for Miley Cyrus as a celebrity: fb:m.0bdxs5. Now I will build a SPARQL query to find movies with cinematography by Kieran McGuigan that starred Miley Cyrus.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 1 column:
| movie              |
| ------------------ |
| LOL (fb:m.0cmddrx) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?language ?languageLabel WHERE {
  ?country fb:location.country.administrative_divisions fb:m.02d5mf .
  ?country fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?language .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?language rdfs:label ?languageLabel .
    FILTER ( lang( ?languageLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 9 rows and 2 columns:
| language                                       | languageLabel                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Siwi Language (fb:m.012zfy)                    | Siwi Language (en)                    |
| Modern Standard Arabic (fb:m.025rvv7)          | Modern Standard Arabic (en)           |
| Egyptian Arabic (fb:m.02hx2cr)                 | Egyptian Arabic (en)                  |
| Sa'idi Arabic (fb:m.02hxbhg)                   | Sa'idi Arabic (en)                    |
| Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Language (fb:m.035t_3) | Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Language (en) |
| Bedawi Arabic (fb:m.03wc2kf)                   | Bedawi Arabic (en)                    |
| Nobiin Language (fb:m.051bnt)                  | Nobiin Language (en)                  |
| Domari Language (fb:m.0c4chg)                  | Domari Language (en)                  |
| Arabic Language (fb:m.0jzc)                    | Arabic Language (en)                  |

The languages spoken in the country that has the Red Sea Governorate as an administrative division include Siwi Language, Modern Standard Arabic, Egyptian Arabic, Sa'idi Arabic, Arabic Sudanese Spoken Language, Bedawi Arabic, Nobiin Language, Domari Language, and Arabic Language.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the currenty language is spoken in the country that had the Red Sea governorate language?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
The country that contains Red Sea Governorate speaks what language?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.administrative_divisions fb:m.02d5mf .
  ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
Red Sea Governorate, also known as Muḩāfaz̧At Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar, Elbahrelahmar, Muhafazat Al Bahr Al Ahmar, El-Bahr El-Ahmar, Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar (fb:m.02d5mf): Red Sea Governorate is one of the governorates of Egypt. Located... Egypt's border with Sudan. Its capital is the city of Hurghada., has type Administrative Division

Using properties:
Administrative Divisions (fb:location.country.administrative_divisions): links to type Administrative Division, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 2:
Question:
The Red Sea Governorate is located in the nation that speaks which language?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.administrative_divisions fb:m.02d5mf .
  ?c fb:location.country.official_language ?x .
}

Using entities:
Red Sea Governorate, also known as Muḩāfaz̧At Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar, Elbahrelahmar, Muhafazat Al Bahr Al Ahmar, El-Bahr El-Ahmar, Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar (fb:m.02d5mf): Red Sea Governorate is one of the governorates of Egypt. Located... Egypt's border with Sudan. Its capital is the city of Hurghada., has type Administrative Division

Using properties:
Administrative Divisions (fb:location.country.administrative_divisions): links to type Administrative Division, part of Country schema
Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

Example 3:
Question:
In which country that includes the Red Sea Governorate location, speak which languages?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:location.country.administrative_divisions fb:m.02d5mf .
  ?c fb:location.country.languages_spoken ?x .
}

Using entities:
Red Sea Governorate, also known as Muḩāfaz̧At Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar, Elbahrelahmar, Muhafazat Al Bahr Al Ahmar, El-Bahr El-Ahmar, Al Baḩr Al Aḩmar (fb:m.02d5mf): Red Sea Governorate is one of the governorates of Egypt. Located... Egypt's border with Sudan. Its capital is the city of Hurghada., has type Administrative Division

Using properties:
Administrative Divisions (fb:location.country.administrative_divisions): links to type Administrative Division, part of Country schema
Languages spoken (fb:location.country.languages_spoken): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, it appears that the Red Sea Governorate is an administrative division of a country, and the question is about the language spoken in that country. The Red Sea Governorate is identified as fb:m.02d5mf in Freebase.

We can write a SPARQL query to find the languages spoken in the country that has the Red Sea Governorate as an administrative division. We will use the property fb:location.country.administrative_divisions to find the country and then get the languages spoken in that country using fb:location.country.languages_spoken.

I will now construct and execute this query.

[Tool]
Got 9 rows and 2 columns:
| language                                       | languageLabel                         |
| ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Siwi Language (fb:m.012zfy)                    | Siwi Language (en)                    |
| Modern Standard Arabic (fb:m.025rvv7)          | Modern Standard Arabic (en)           |
| Egyptian Arabic (fb:m.02hx2cr)                 | Egyptian Arabic (en)                  |
| Sa'idi Arabic (fb:m.02hxbhg)                   | Sa'idi Arabic (en)                    |
| Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Language (fb:m.035t_3) | Arabic, Sudanese Spoken Language (en) |
| Bedawi Arabic (fb:m.03wc2kf)                   | Bedawi Arabic (en)                    |
| Nobiin Language (fb:m.051bnt)                  | Nobiin Language (en)                  |
| Domari Language (fb:m.0c4chg)                  | Domari Language (en)                  |
| Arabic Language (fb:m.0jzc)                    | Arabic Language (en)                  |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?founder ?founderLabel ?position ?startDate WHERE {
  fb:m.0bwfn fb:organization.organization.founders ?founder .
  ?founder fb:government.politician.government_positions_held ?positionHeld .
  ?positionHeld fb:government.government_position_held.from ?startDate .
  ?positionHeld fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title ?position .
}
ORDER BY ?startDate
LIMIT 1

The founder of New York University who held a governmental position from the earliest date is Albert Gallatin, who started his position as United States Senator on 1793-12-02.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Holding his governmental position from earliest, who founde New York University?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who help started the Federal Reserve Board, and the earliest to hold his governmental position?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != fb:m.02xmb ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) fb:m.02xmb fb:organization.organization.founders ?x .
  ?x fb:government.politician.government_positions_held ?c .
  ?c fb:government.government_position_held.from ?num .
}
ORDER BY ?num
LIMIT 1

Using entities:
Federal Reserve System, also known as Fed, Federal Reserve, The Fed (fb:m.02xmb): The Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the ...nomy and releases numerous publications, such as the Beige Book., has type Government Agency

Using properties:
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held): links to type Government Position Held, part of Politician schema
Founders (fb:organization.organization.founders): links to type Organization founder, part of Organization schema

Example 2:
Question:
What universities were attended by the political appointer with the first name Chris that was Secretary of State of New York?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.political_appointer.appointees ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title fb:m.026gsd4 .
  ?c fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Secretary of State of New York (fb:m.026gsd4): The Secretary of State of New York is a cabinet officer in the g... The current Secretary of State of New York is Cesar A. Perales., has type Government Agency

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Government Position Held schema
Appointees (fb:government.political_appointer.appointees): links to type Government Position Held, part of Political Appointer schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

Example 3:
Question:
What school did the political appointee whose title was Collector of the Port of New York attend?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.political_appointer.appointees ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title fb:m.05c27m6 .
  ?c fb:people.person.education ?y .
  ?y fb:education.education.institution ?x .
}

Using entities:
Collector of the Port of New York (fb:m.05c27m6): The Collector of Customs at the Port of New York, most often ref... that entered the United States by ship at the Port of New York., has type Government Office or Title

Using properties:
Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Government Position Held schema
Appointees (fb:government.political_appointer.appointees): links to type Government Position Held, part of Political Appointer schema
Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the property fb:organization.organization.founders can be used to find the founders of an organization, and the property fb:government.politician.government_positions_held can be used to find the government positions held by a person. Also, the property fb:government.government_position_held.from can be used to find the start date of a government position.

I will now search for the entity "New York University" in the knowledge graph to find its identifier.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. New York University, also known as New York University, main campus, New York University, New York City, NYU (fb:m.0bwfn): New York University is a private, nonsectarian American research...eering members among its past and present graduates and faculty., has type College/University
2. New York University (fb:m.05wgs8x): has type Author
3. New York University Press (fb:m.02pnxch): New York University Press is a university press that is part of New York University., has type Publisher
4. University Gardens, also known as University Gardens, New York, Nassau County / University Gardens CDP (fb:m.0y3ct): University Gardens is a hamlet and census-designated place and p... a community in the western part of the Town of North Hempstead., has type US Census Designated Place
5. New York University Shanghai (fb:m.0j9n5bd): New York University Shanghai is jointly established by New York ...ependent registration status from China's Ministry of Education., has type College/University
6. NYU Violets, also known as New York University Violets (fb:m.02r119s): NYU Violets is the nickname of the sports teams and other compet... 23 varsity sports, as well as intramural sports and club teams.
7. University Heights, also known as University Heights, Bronx, University Heights, New York, University Heights, The Bronx (fb:m.07sxvt): University Heights is a neighborhood of the West Bronx in New Yo...perating along Jerome Avenue. ZIP codes include 10453 and 10468., has type Neighborhood
8. Syracuse University, New York (fb:m.06w_wr_): The Limeliters: ""There's A Meetin' Here Tonight,"" ""Wabash Can...me in the Room""   FINALE: ""Down By the Riverside"" (Everyone)., has type TV Episode
9. New York University Skopje (fb:m.0cpdy3h): has type College/University
10. New York University Archives (fb:m.0fp_hjn): The New York University Archives has served, since 1977, as the ...ional papers of New York University faculty; Special Collections

[Assistant] The entity for New York University is fb:m.0bwfn. I will now search for the founders of New York University using the property fb:organization.organization.founders.

[Tool]
Got 2 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                                         | object                             |
| -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| New York University (fb:m.0bwfn) | Founders (fb:organization.organization.founders) | Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369)      |
| New York University (fb:m.0bwfn) | Founders (fb:organization.organization.founders) | Mordecai Manuel Noah (fb:m.05m665) |

[Assistant] New York University has two founders listed: Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369) and Mordecai Manuel Noah (fb:m.05m665). I will now check the government positions held by these founders and find the earliest position held by either of them. I will start with Albert Gallatin.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                                                                       | object       |
| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------ |
| Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369) | Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held) | fb:m.04kq1pk |
| Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369) | Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held) | fb:m.09rfklv |
| Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369) | Government Positions Held (fb:government.politician.government_positions_held) | fb:m.0m1qpm6 |

[Assistant] Albert Gallatin held three government positions. I will now check the start dates of these government positions to find the earliest one.

[Tool]
Got 10 rows and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                                                                | object                                                            |
| ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                                                                | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder)                                       | Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369)                                     |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body) | United States Department of the Treasury (fb:m.0f1r9)             |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | From (fb:government.government_position_held.from)                                                        | 1801-05-14 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title)              | United States Secretary of the Treasury (fb:m.0bw8r)              |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title)                                          | Cabinet Secretary (fb:m.02hvt_)                                   |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Jurisdiction of office (fb:government.government_position_held.jurisdiction_of_office)                    | United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0)                            |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | To (fb:government.government_position_held.to)                                                            | 1814-02-08 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | Appointed By (if Position is Appointed) (fb:government.government_position_held.appointed_by)             | Thomas Jefferson (fb:m.07cbs)                                     |
| fb:m.04kq1pk | rdf:type                                                                                | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) |

[Tool]
Got 11 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject      | property                                                                                | object                                                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                                                                | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder)                                                  | Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369)                                     |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body)            | United States Senate (fb:m.07t58)                                 |
| fb:m.09rfklv | From (fb:government.government_position_held.from)                                                                   | 1793-12-02 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title)                         | United States Senator (fb:m.02_7l8y)                              |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title)                                                     | Senator (fb:m.048zv9l)                                            |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Jurisdiction of office (fb:government.government_position_held.jurisdiction_of_office)                               | United States of America (fb:m.09c7w0)                            |
| fb:m.09rfklv | District represented (if position is district-related) (fb:government.government_position_held.district_represented) | Pennsylvania (fb:m.05tbn)                                         |
| fb:m.09rfklv | To (fb:government.government_position_held.to)                                                                       | 1794-02-28 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.09rfklv | Legislative sessions (fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions)                                   | 3rd United States Congress (fb:m.01grp0)                          |
| ...          | ...                                                                                | ...                                                               |

[Tool]
Got 12 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject      | property                                                                                | object                                                            |
| ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                                                                | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder)                                                  | Albert Gallatin (fb:m.01p369)                                     |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body)            | United States House of Representatives (fb:m.0b3wk)               |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | From (fb:government.government_position_held.from)                                                                   | 1795-03-04 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title)                         | United States Representative (fb:m.02_bcst)                       |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title)                                                     | Member of Congress (fb:m.01gkgk)                                  |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | District represented (if position is district-related) (fb:government.government_position_held.district_represented) | Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district (fb:m.0g0syc)          |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | To (fb:government.government_position_held.to)                                                                       | 1801-03-03 (xsd:date)                                             |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | Legislative sessions (fb:government.government_position_held.legislative_sessions)                                   | 4th United States Congress (fb:m.01grpc)                          |
| fb:m.0m1qpm6 | rdf:type                                                                                | Government Position Held (fb:government.government_position_held) |
| ...          | ...                                                                                | ...                                                               |

[Assistant]
Albert Gallatin held three government positions with start dates:
- United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1801-05-14
- United States Senator from 1793-12-02
- United States Representative from 1795-03-04

The earliest government position he held started on 1793-12-02.

I will now check the government positions held by the other founder, Mordecai Manuel Noah.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
Mordecai Manuel Noah does not have any government positions listed in the knowledge graph.

Therefore, the founder of New York University who held a governmental position from the earliest date is Albert Gallatin, who started his position as United States Senator on 1793-12-02.

I will now formulate the final SPARQL query to retrieve this information.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT DISTINCT ?governor ?governorLabel WHERE {
  ?state fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?position .
  ?position fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title fb:m.03nbw2d .
  ?position fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?governor .
  ?position fb:government.government_position_held.from ?startDate .
  FILTER ( xsd:dateTime ( ?startDate ) = "2003-01-06T00:00:00" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?position fb:government.government_position_held.to ?endDate .
  }
  FILTER ( ! BOUND( ?endDate ) || xsd:dateTime ( ?endDate ) >= "2009-01-01T00:00:00" ^^ xsd:dateTime ) .
  FILTER ( EXISTS {
    ?position fb:government.government_position_held.from ?fromDate .
    FILTER ( xsd:dateTime ( ?fromDate ) <= "2009-12-31T23:59:59" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) OPTIONAL {
    ?governor rdfs:label ?governorLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?governorLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| governor                       | governorLabel         |
| ------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| Janet Napolitano (fb:m.01kf06) | Janet Napolitano (en) |

The governor of Arizona in 2009 who held the position from 1-6-2003 was Janet Napolitano.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who were the governors of Arizona in 2009 that held the position form 1-6-2003?

[Assistant] Let's start by looking at some similar examples.

[Tool]
Example 1:
Question:
Who is the governor who had the positions of Colorado Attorney General in 2009?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title fb:m.04n7lvv .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.0fkvn .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2009-12-31" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2009-01-01" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Colorado Attorney General (fb:m.04n7lvv): The Attorney General of the State of Colorado is the chief legal...Criminal Justice, Revenue & Utilities, and Business & Licensing., has type Government Office or Title
Governor (fb:m.0fkvn): A governor is, in most cases, a public official with the power t...ub-national units include Mexico, United States and Switzerland., has type Government office category

Using properties:
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Government Position Held schema
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

Example 2:
Question:
In which time zone is the jurisdiction that has the Governor of Arizona?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title fb:m.03nbw2d .
  ?c fb:location.location.time_zones ?x .
}

Using entities:
Governor of Arizona (fb:m.03nbw2d): The Governor of Arizona is the executive officer of the U.S. state of Arizona., has type Government Office or Title

Using properties:
Office, position, or title (fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title): links to type Government Office or Title, part of Government Position Held schema
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held
Time zone(s) (fb:location.location.time_zones): links to type Time Zone, part of Location schema

Example 3:
Question:
Who was the governor in 2009 of the governmental jurisdiction where there's a governmental body called Colorado House of Representatives?

SPARQL:
SELECT DISTINCT ?x WHERE {
  FILTER ( ?x != ?c ) FILTER ( ! isLiteral( ?x ) || lang( ?x ) = '' || langMatches( lang( ?x ) , 'en' ) ) ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?k .
  ?k fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body fb:m.0zb1swv .
  ?c fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials ?y .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder ?x .
  ?y fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title fb:m.0fkvn .
  FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk0
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.from ?sk1 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk1 ) <= "2009-12-31" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  ) FILTER ( NOT EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk2
  }
  || EXISTS {
    ?y fb:government.government_position_held.to ?sk3 .
    FILTER ( xsd:datetime ( ?sk3 ) >= "2009-01-01" ^^ xsd:dateTime )
  }
  )
}

Using entities:
Governor (fb:m.0fkvn): A governor is, in most cases, a public official with the power t...ub-national units include Mexico, United States and Switzerland., has type Government office category
Colorado House of Representatives (fb:m.0zb1swv): The Colorado House of Representatives is the lower house of the ...l Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Colorado., has type Governmental Body

Using properties:
Basic title (fb:government.government_position_held.basic_title): links to type Government office category, part of Government Position Held schema
From (fb:government.government_position_held.from): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governmental body (if position is part of one) (fb:government.government_position_held.governmental_body): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Governmental Body
Officeholder (fb:government.government_position_held.office_holder): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Politician
To (fb:government.government_position_held.to): part of Government Position Held schema, links to type Date/Time
Governing officials (fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials): part of Governmental Jurisdiction schema, links to type Government Position Held

[Assistant]
From the examples, I see that the property fb:government.government_position_held.office_position_or_title can be used to specify the office title, and the property fb:government.governmental_jurisdiction.governing_officials can be used to relate a governmental jurisdiction to its officials. Also, the properties fb:government.government_position_held.from and fb:government.government_position_held.to can be used to specify the time period during which the position was held.

I will now search for the entity representing the Governor of Arizona to use it in the query.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Governor of Arizona (fb:m.03nbw2d): The Governor of Arizona is the executive officer of the U.S. state of Arizona., has type Government Office or Title
2. Governors of Arizona Territory (fb:m.04tldm)
3. University of Arizona, also known as University of Arizona, main campus, University of Arizona, Tucson, U of A (fb:m.07vyf): The University of Arizona is a public research university locate...niversity and its athletic teams are Cardinal Red and Navy Blue., has type College/University
4. Flag of Arizona (fb:m.02hc84): The flag of Arizona consists of 13 rays of red and weld-yellow o...a western state, the rays of the setting sun seemed appropriate.
5. Governor of California (fb:m.02_w_rw): The Governor of California is the chief executive of the Califor...nor in the history of California measured by cumulative service., has type Government Office or Title
6. Governor of Gibraltar (fb:m.028670): The Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gibraltar is the represen...idence, the Union flag and the flag of Gibraltar are also flown., has type Government Office or Title
7. Governor of Massachusetts (fb:m.01lk31): The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the head of... state's military forces. The current Governor is Charlie Baker., has type Government Office or Title
8. Seal of Arizona (fb:m.07fk3v): The Great Seal of the State of Arizona is ringed by the words “G...n the flora and fauna, is represented by the sun and rainclouds., has type Coat of Arms
9. Governor of Svalbard (fb:m.0613wq): The Governor of Svalbard represents the Norwegian government in ...0 million, of which the largest part is used for transportation., has type Government Office or Title
10. Governor of Kentucky (fb:m.02p19pg): The Governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky is the head of the ...91, respectively—and each has enlarged the governor's authority., has type Government Office or Title

[Assistant] I found the entity for Governor of Arizona: fb:m.03nbw2d. I will now construct a SPARQL query to find the governors of Arizona in 2009 who held the position from 1-6-2003. I will use the properties for the office position, the office holder, and the time period (from and to).

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 2 columns:
| governor                       | governorLabel         |
| ------------------------------ | --------------------- |
| Janet Napolitano (fb:m.01kf06) | Janet Napolitano (en) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process