PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT DISTINCT ?year WHERE {
  fb:m.05w2rj fb:sports.sports_team_owner.teams_owned ?team .
  ?team fb:sports.sports_team.championships ?championship .
  ?championship fb:type.object.name ?name .
  BIND( STRAFTER( STR( ?name ) , "World Series " ) AS ?year )
}
ORDER BY ?year

The sports team owned by Frank McCourt is the Los Angeles Dodgers. They won the World Series in the years 1988, 1981, 1959, 1965, and 1963.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What years' World Series were won by the sports team whose owner is Frank McCourt?

[Assistant]
To answer the question, I need to identify the sports team owned by Frank McCourt and then find the years in which that team won the World Series.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Frank McCourt" in the knowledge graph to get his identifier.
Step 2: Find the sports team owned by Frank McCourt.
Step 3: Find the years in which that sports team won the World Series.

I will start with Step 1 and search for the entity "Frank McCourt."

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Frank McCourt, also known as Francis "Frank" McCourt, Francis McCourt (fb:m.0gt7m): Francis "Frank" McCourt was an Irish-American teacher and writer... a tragicomic memoir of the misery and squalor of his childhood., has type Author
2. Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj): Frank H. McCourt is an American businessman, president of the Mc...ool of Public Policy, the ninth school of Georgetown University., has type Sports Team Owner
3. Frank McCourt, also known as Frank McCourt / Smarterer (fb:m.0kc4bpp): TONIGHT: Stephen Colbert welcomes the host of John Kasich from the Heartland and Heroes with John Kasich, John Kasich!, TONIGHT: Stephen Colbert welcomes the author of "Teacher Man: A Memoir", Frank McCourt!, has type The Colbert Report episode
4. Frank McCourt, also known as Francis Joseph McCourt (fb:m.0nccs15): Francis Joseph McCourt is a Northern Irish footballer who played... in Portadown. McCourt was capped six times by Northern Ireland., has type Football player
5. Frank McCourt (fb:m.05dh0y6): has type TV Episode
6. Frank McCourt (fb:m.0hcblzd): Frank McCourt is a fictional character from the 2011drama film Dear Santa., has type Film character
7. Frank McCourt remembered (fb:m.08vlt3b)
8. Brian Williams, Frank McCourt (fb:m.06y16f_): has type TV Episode
9. The Frank McCourt Gift Package (fb:m.04twg_y): has type Book Edition
10. David Duchovny, Al Franken, Frank Mccourt (fb:m.06y1bqr): has type TV Episode

[Assistant] I found the entity for Frank McCourt who is a sports team owner with the identifier fb:m.05w2rj. Next, I will find the sports team owned by Frank McCourt using this entity identifier.

[Tool]
Got 51 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                     | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /base/ranker/rankerurlname/frank-mccourt$002F2985697                     |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Frank McCourt (en)                                                       |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_McCourt_(executive)>                 |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125dsx7wd                                                           |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Sports Team Owner (fb:m.025672j)                                         |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Frank H. McCourt is an American ...school of Georgetown University. (en) |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.05w2rp                                                              |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Gender (fb:people.person.gender)                                    | Male (fb:m.05zppz)                                                       |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth)                      | 1953-08-14 (xsd:date)                                                    |
| ...                         | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] I found some general information about Frank McCourt but not yet the sports team he owns. I will now specifically search for properties of Frank McCourt related to ownership or sports teams.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Owns (fb:base.sportbase.club_owner.owns): part of Sport Club Owner schema, links to type Sport Club
2. Teams Owned (fb:sports.sports_team_owner.teams_owned): links to type Professional Sports Team, part of Sports Team Owner schema
3. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
4. Spouse (or domestic partner) (fb:people.person.spouse_s): links to type Marriage, part of Person schema
5. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
6. Net worth (fb:base.schemastaging.person_extra.net_worth): links to type Dated Money Value, part of Person extra schema
7. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
8. profession (fb:base.sportbase.club_owner.profession): part of Sport Club Owner schema, links to type Text
9. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
10. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant] There are two relevant properties for ownership: "Owns" (fb:base.sportbase.club_owner.owns) and "Teams Owned" (fb:sports.sports_team_owner.teams_owned). I will check the values of these properties for Frank McCourt to find the sports team he owns. I will start with "Teams Owned."

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                     | property                                              | object                           |
| --------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
| Frank McCourt (fb:m.05w2rj) | Teams Owned (fb:sports.sports_team_owner.teams_owned) | Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) |

[Assistant] Frank McCourt owns the sports team Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl). Now I will find the years in which the Los Angeles Dodgers won the World Series. I will first search for properties of the Los Angeles Dodgers related to World Series wins or championships.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships): links to type Sports League Championship Event, part of Sports Team schema
2. Sport (fb:sports.sports_team.sport): part of Sports Team schema, links to type Sport
3. Sports Team Location (fb:sports.sports_team.location): links to type Sports Team Location, part of Sports Team schema
4. League (fb:baseball.baseball_team.league): links to type Baseball League, part of Baseball Team schema
5. Roster (fb:sports.sports_team.roster): links to type Sports team roster, part of Sports Team schema
6. Team Stats (fb:baseball.baseball_team.team_stats): links to type Baseball Team Stats, part of Baseball Team schema
7. Arena/Stadium (fb:sports.sports_team.arena_stadium): links to type Sports Facility, part of Sports Team schema
8. Venue (fb:sports.sports_team.venue): links to type Team/venue relationship, part of Sports Team schema
9. Rivals (fb:base.rivalries.rival.rivals): links to type Rivalry, part of Rival schema
10. Colors (fb:sports.sports_team.colors): part of Sports Team schema, links to type Color

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Championships" (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) seems relevant to find the World Series wins of the Los Angeles Dodgers. I will now list the championships of the Los Angeles Dodgers.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                          | property                                            | object                          |
| -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
| Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) | Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) | 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) |
| Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) | Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) | 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) |
| Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) | Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) | 1959 World Series (fb:m.04tfrv) |
| Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) | Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) | 1965 World Series (fb:m.04tfkz) |
| Los Angeles Dodgers (fb:m.04mjl) | Championships (fb:sports.sports_team.championships) | 1963 World Series (fb:m.04tfp1) |

[Assistant] The Los Angeles Dodgers won the World Series in the years corresponding to the following championships: 1988, 1981, 1959, 1965, and 1963. I will now retrieve the years from these championship entities to provide the final answer.

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                   |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1988 World Series (en)   |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1988년 월드 시리즈 (ko)        |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1988年のワールドシリーズ (ja)      |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Série mondiale 1988 (fr) |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | World Series 1988 (de)   |
| 1988 World Series (fb:m.04j7ml) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Мировая серия 1988 (ru)  |

[Tool]
Got 6 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                                |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1981 World Series (en)                |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1981年のワールドシリーズ (ja)                   |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Série mondiale 1981 (fr)              |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Serie Mundial de béisbol de 1981 (es) |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | World Series 1981 (de)                |
| 1981 World Series (fb:m.04j7dq) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Мировая серия 1981 (ru)               |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| 1959 World Series (fb:m.04tfrv) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1959 World Series (en)  |
| 1959 World Series (fb:m.04tfrv) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1959年のワールドシリーズ (ja)     |
| 1959 World Series (fb:m.04tfrv) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Мировая серия 1959 (ru) |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| 1965 World Series (fb:m.04tfkz) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1965 World Series (en)  |
| 1965 World Series (fb:m.04tfkz) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1965年のワールドシリーズ (ja)     |
| 1965 World Series (fb:m.04tfkz) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Мировая серия 1965 (ru) |

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                   | object                  |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------------- |
| 1963 World Series (fb:m.04tfp1) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1963 World Series (en)  |
| 1963 World Series (fb:m.04tfp1) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | 1963年のワールドシリーズ (ja)     |
| 1963 World Series (fb:m.04tfp1) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Мировая серия 1963 (ru) |

[Assistant] The Los Angeles Dodgers won the World Series in the years 1988, 1981, 1959, 1965, and 1963. I will now formulate the final SPARQL query to retrieve these years' World Series won by the team owned by Frank McCourt and provide the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?actor ?actorName WHERE {
  fb:m.03hvfx fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films ?performance .
  ?performance fb:film.performance.actor ?actor .
  ?actor rdfs:label ?actorName .
  FILTER ( LANG( ?actorName ) = "en" )
}

Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| actor                        | actorName           |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Ilyssa Fradin (fb:m.041w0w1) | Ilyssa Fradin (en)  |
| Melinda McGraw (fb:m.0443_w) | Melinda McGraw (en) |
| Hannah Gunn (fb:m.0y54_x6)   | Hannah Gunn (en)    |

The fictional character Batgirl who is the parent of James Gordon, Jr. is Barbara Gordon (fb:m.03hvfx). The actors who played Barbara Gordon as Batgirl are Ilyssa Fradin, Melinda McGraw, and Hannah Gunn.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who played the fictional character, Batgirl, that's the parent of James Gordon, Jr.?

[Assistant]
Let's start by identifying the fictional character "Batgirl" in the knowledge graph. Then we will find the Batgirl who is the parent of James Gordon, Jr. Finally, we will find the actor who played that Batgirl.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Batgirl" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Batgirl (fb:m.03htm6): Batgirl is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing i...civilian identity, she is shot by the Joker and left paraplegic., has type Film character
2. Barbara Gordon, also known as Babs, The Oracle, Oracle, Batgirl, Barbra Gordon (fb:m.03hvfx): Barbara Gordon is a fictional superheroine appearing in American...ebuted in 1975, partnered with the original Robin, Dick Grayson., Barbara Gordon   is a fictional character from the 2008 film The Dark Knight., has type Comic Book Character
3. Suzy Batkovic, also known as Suzy Batkovic-Brown, Batgirl (fb:m.0868f0): Suzy Batkovic-Brown is an Australian women's basketball player. ... Summer Olympics and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics., has type Basketball Player
4. Helena Bertinelli, also known as Batgirl, Helena Rosa Bertinelli, Huntress (fb:m.025_q66): The Huntress is a fictional character in the DC Universe. Based ...al Helena Bertinelli is an agent of the spy organization Spyral., has type Comic Book Character
5. Cassandra Cain, also known as Batgirl (fb:m.03hvg9): Cassandra Cain is a fictional character in the DC Comics Univers... company-wide reboot in October 2015's Batman and Robin Eternal., has type Comic Book Character
6. Batgirl (fb:m.0st4l2): has type Musical Recording
7. Barbara Wilson, also known as Batgirl (fb:m.0hcgh1x): Barbara Wilson is a fictional character form the 1997 crime fict...tion film Batman & Robin. She is Batman's butler Alfred's niece., has type Film character
8. Batgirl (fb:m.07k8x2x): has type Comic Book Series
9. Batgirl (fb:m.0ln3dcn)
10. Batgirl Returns (fb:m.06ymg1j): Batgirl and Catwoman team up to investigate the theft of a rare cat statue., has type TV Episode

[Assistant]
There are several entities related to "Batgirl." Among them, Barbara Gordon (fb:m.03hvfx) is a well-known Batgirl character and a comic book character. We also have Cassandra Cain (fb:m.03hvg9) and Helena Bertinelli (fb:m.025_q66) as Batgirl characters. Additionally, Barbara Wilson (fb:m.0hcgh1x) is a Batgirl character from a film.

Next, we need to find which Batgirl character is the parent of James Gordon, Jr. Let's search for the entity "James Gordon, Jr." to identify him in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. James Gordon, Jr., also known as James Gordon Jr. (fb:m.0n_j89f): James Gordon, Jr. is a fictional character, a supervillain in DC...bara Gordon, who later tries to bring him to justice as Batgirl., James Gordon, Jr. is a fictional character from the 2008 film The Dark Knight., has type Film character
2. James Gordon Bennett, Jr. (fb:m.01z5cd): James Gordon Bennett, Jr. was publisher of the New York Herald, ...tone, and the ill-fated USS Jeannette attempt on the North Pole., has type Organization founder
3. James Gordon Bennett jr (fb:m.02cktw6)
4. James Gordon, also known as Commissioner Gordon, The Commissioner, Jim Gordon, Commissioner James Gordon (fb:m.031v20): Commissioner James "Jim" W. Gordon, Senior is a fictional charac...m needs him. The two have a mutual respect and tacit friendship., has type Comic Book Character
5. James Gordon, also known as 'Big Jim' Gordon, Jim Gordon (fb:m.02xb61r): James Gordon was an American silent film actor. He appeared in 1... died in Hollywood, California from post-surgical complications., has type Film director
6. J. Watson Webb, Jr., also known as J. Watson Webb Jr., J. Watson Webb, James Watson Webb Jr., James Watson Webb III, James Jr. (fb:m.043n2mq): James Watson Webb III was an American film editor and heir to both the Havemeyer and Vanderbilt families., has type Film editor
7. James Gordon (fb:m.0914fy): James Gordon was an American planter, writer, and politician fro...d until February 23, 1910, when he was succeeded by LeRoy Percy., has type U.S. Congressperson
8. James Gordon (fb:m.03m5gbf): James Gordon is a Canadian singer-songwriter, known as a foundin...mber of Tamarack. He has also released more than 20 solo albums., has type Composer
9. James Gordon (fb:m.09143y): James Gordon was an Irish-born American merchant, soldier, and p...the United States House of Representatives from 1791 until 1795., has type U.S. Congressperson
10. James Roosevelt, Jr., also known as James, Jr., James Roosevelt III, Jim Roosevelt (fb:m.03q19hf): James Roosevelt III is an attorney and Democratic Party official...emocratic National Committee, a position he has held since 1995., has type Family member

[Assistant]
The entity James Gordon, Jr. (fb:m.0n_j89f) is a fictional character and a supervillain in DC Comics. The description mentions Barbara Gordon, who later tries to bring him to justice as Batgirl. This suggests Barbara Gordon is the parent of James Gordon, Jr.

Next, let's find the actor who played Barbara Gordon as Batgirl. We will search for properties related to Barbara Gordon to find the actor who played her.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Occupation (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.occupation): part of Fictional Character schema, links to type Character Occupation
2. Portrayed in films (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films): links to type Film performance, part of Film character schema
3. Character Created By (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.character_created_by): links to type Fictional Character Creator, part of Fictional Character schema
4. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
5. Regular Featured Appearances (fb:comic_books.comic_book_character.regular_featured_appearances): part of Comic Book Character schema, links to type Comic Book Series
6. Romantically involved with (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.romantically_involved_with): links to type Romantic involvement, part of Fictional Character schema
7. Programs in which this was a regular character (fb:tv.tv_character.appeared_in_tv_program): links to type TV Regular Performance, part of TV Character schema
8. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
9. Married To (fb:fictional_universe.fictional_character.married_to): links to type Marriage (of Fictional Characters), part of Fictional Character schema
10. Alternate Identities (fb:user.duck1123.default_domain.primary_identity.alternate_identities): links to type Alternate Persona, part of Primary Identity schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Portrayed in films" (fb:film.film_character.portrayed_in_films) seems relevant to find the actor who played Barbara Gordon as Batgirl. Let's use this property to find the actors who portrayed Barbara Gordon.

[Tool]
Got 3 rows and 2 columns:
| actor                        | actorName           |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Ilyssa Fradin (fb:m.041w0w1) | Ilyssa Fradin (en)  |
| Melinda McGraw (fb:m.0443_w) | Melinda McGraw (en) |
| Hannah Gunn (fb:m.0y54_x6)   | Hannah Gunn (en)    |

[Assistant]
The actors who played Barbara Gordon as Batgirl are Ilyssa Fradin, Melinda McGraw, and Hannah Gunn.

I will now provide the final answer with the actors' names and their identifiers.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?film ?filmLabel WHERE {
  ?film fb:film.director.film fb:m.0f4vbz .
  ?film fb:film.writer.film fb:m.02kxbx3 .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?film rdfs:label ?filmLabel .
    FILTER ( LANG( ?filmLabel ) = "en" )
  }
}

There is no film in the knowledge graph that was directed by Angelina Jolie and written by Joel Coen.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What film directed by Angelina Jolie was written by Joel Coen?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "What film directed by Angelina Jolie was written by Joel Coen?", I need to find a film entity that has Angelina Jolie as the director and Joel Coen as the writer.

Step 1: Search for the entity representing Angelina Jolie.
Step 2: Search for the entity representing Joel Coen.
Step 3: Identify properties related to "director" and "writer" for films.
Step 4: Construct a SPARQL query to find films directed by Angelina Jolie and written by Joel Coen.

I will start with Step 1 and search for the entity "Angelina Jolie" in the freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Angelina Jolie, also known as AJ, Angie, Angelina Jolie Voight, Angelina, Ange (fb:m.0f4vbz): Angelina Jolie Pitt is an American actress, filmmaker, and human... the wartime dramas In the Land of Blood and Honey and Unbroken., has type Celebrity
2. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05nfmq3): has type TV Episode
3. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05ng8bq): has type TV Episode
4. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05ng0pn): Tonight, actress Angelina Jolie promotes her new movie A Mighty ...eteorological Society if they do not speak about global warming., has type TV Episode
5. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05dmr87): has type TV Episode
6. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.0f7ljqx): has type Musical Recording
7. Angelina Jolie, also known as Britney Spears (fb:m.07ldn9f): has type TV Episode
8. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.05dfkbr): The hugely successful actress takes the chair and answers the questions about her career, love and life with candour and charm., has type TV Episode
9. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.079lnp0): The wild Angelina tells all., has type TV Episode
10. Angelina Jolie (fb:m.0ghhxln): has type TV Episode

[Assistant] The entity for Angelina Jolie as a celebrity (actress, filmmaker) is fb:m.0f4vbz. Next, I will search for the entity representing Joel Coen.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Joel Coen, also known as Joël Coen, Roderick Jaynes, Joel David Coen, Joel Daniel Coen, Joel Cohen (fb:m.02kxbx3): Joel Coen is a film and television producer, screenwriter, film director and film editor., has type Film director
2. Joel Coen (fb:m.08vtfmc)
3. Joel Coen vs Joël Coen (fb:m.06zg14k)
4. Joel Coen vs Joel Coen (fb:m.06zg149)
5. Coen brothers, also known as Joel and Ethan Coen, Roderick Jaynes, The Two-Headed Director (fb:m.040cv): Joel David Coen and Ethan Jesse Coen, known informally as the Co...ssful comedy films such as Crimewave, The Naked Man, and Gambit., has type Award Nominee
6. Joel and Ethan Coen (fb:m.0c8kx4k): has type Book Edition
7. Joel and Ethan Coen (fb:m.06l1zkq): has type Book
8. 13 films of Joel and Ethan Coen (fb:m.08vlbn6)
9. Joel Madden, also known as Madden, Joel, Joel, Joel Ryan Rueben Combs, Joel Rueben Madden, Joel Rueben Combs (fb:m.02r3cn): Joel Rueben Madden is the lead vocalist for the American pop pun...k collaboration The Madden Brothers with his twin brother Benji., has type Celebrity
10. Joel Robles, also known as Joel, Joel Robles Blázquez (fb:m.09rth3m): Joel Robles Blázquez, known simply as Joel, is a Spanish profess...t of the squad that won the 2013 European Under-21 Championship., has type Football player

[Assistant] The entity for Joel Coen as a film director and screenwriter is fb:m.02kxbx3. Now, I will search for properties related to "director" and "writer" for films to construct the query. I will start by searching properties related to "director" for the entity Angelina Jolie (fb:m.0f4vbz).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Films directed (fb:film.director.film): part of Film director schema, links to type Film
2. Films Produced (fb:film.producer.film): part of Film producer schema, links to type Film
3. Films Executive Produced (fb:film.producer.films_executive_produced): part of Film producer schema, links to type Film
4. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
5. Films edited (fb:film.editor.film): part of Film editor schema, links to type Film
6. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
7. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
8. Films appeared in (fb:film.person_or_entity_appearing_in_film.films): part of Person or entity appearing in film schema, links to type Personal film appearance
9. Film writing credits (fb:film.writer.film): part of Film writer schema, links to type Film
10. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property for films directed by Angelina Jolie is fb:film.director.film. The property for films written by a writer is fb:film.writer.film. Now, I will construct a SPARQL query to find films where Angelina Jolie is the director and Joel Coen is the writer.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] The query returned no results, meaning there is no film in the knowledge graph that is both directed by Angelina Jolie and written by Joel Coen. I will double-check by reversing the roles (film directed by Joel Coen and written by Angelina Jolie) to ensure no mix-up.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant] There are no films in the knowledge graph that are directed by Joel Coen and written by Angelina Jolie either. Based on the data available, there is no film directed by Angelina Jolie that was written by Joel Coen. I will now provide the final answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?anthem ?anthemName WHERE {
  fb:m.06bnz fb:location.country.national_anthem ?anthemEntity .
  ?anthemEntity fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country.anthem ?anthem .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?anthem fb:type.object.name ?anthemName
  }
}

Got 40 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| anthem                                  | anthemName                                     |
| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Awit ng Pederasyong Ruso (fil)                 |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Gimn Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (id)              |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Gimn Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (ms)              |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Gosudarstvennyj gimn Rossijskoj Federacii (sk) |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Himna Ruske federacije (sl)                    |
| ...                                     | ...                                            |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | เพลงชาติรัสเซีย (th)                           |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | 러시아 연방 국가 (ko)                                 |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | ロシア連邦国歌 (ja)                                   |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | 俄罗斯联邦国歌 (zh)                                   |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | 俄羅斯聯邦國歌 (zh-Hant)                              |

The national anthem of the place where Tsakhur is spoken (Russia) is the "National Anthem of Russia."

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the national anthem of the place where Tsakhur is spoken?

[Assistant]
The question asks for the national anthem of the place where the Tsakhur language is spoken. To answer this, I need to:

1. Identify the entity "Tsakhur" and confirm it is a language.
2. Find the place(s) where Tsakhur is spoken.
3. Determine the national anthem of that place.

Step 1: Search for the entity "Tsakhur" to confirm it is a language.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Tsakhur Language, also known as Tsakhur, Tsaxur, Tsakhury, Sakhur, Caxur (fb:m.027bj_4): Tsakhur is a language spoken by the Tsakhurs in northern Azerbai...ndangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger., has type Human Language
2. Tsakhur (fb:m.0c7t78f): has type Book Edition
3. Tsakhur (fb:m.0c397d1): has type Book
4. Tsakhur (fb:m.05tpjnq)
5. Tsakhur (fb:m.05tnsjb)
6. Tsakhur (fb:m.05tn19b)
7. Tsakhur people (fb:m.0f2jhh): The Tsakhur people are an ethnic group of northern Azerbaijan an...he name of a Dagestani village, where they make up the majority., has type Ethnicity
8. Tsakhur language (fb:m.0bnxt5p)
9. Цахурский алфавит 1934-1938 годов (fb:m.044p59x)

[Assistant] The entity "Tsakhur Language" (fb:m.027bj_4) is identified as a human language spoken by the Tsakhurs in northern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan. Now, I will find the places where Tsakhur is spoken, likely the countries or regions associated with this language. I will look for the place or country related to this language entity.

[Tool]
Got 194 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                         | property                                                            | object                                                                   |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                          | Topic (fb:common.topic)                                                  |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Key (fb:type.object.key)                                            | /authority/iso/639_3/tkr                                                 |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Name (fb:type.object.name)                                          | Cahurščina (sl)                                                          |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Topic equivalent webpage (fb:common.topic.topic_equivalent_webpage) | <http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/index.html?curid=942157>                   |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Notable for (fb:common.topic.notable_for)                           | fb:g.125dhx016                                                           |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Notable types (fb:common.topic.notable_types)                       | Human Language (fb:m.0358)                                               |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Description (fb:common.topic.description)                           | Cahurščina je eden lezginskih je...i učbeniki in izhaja en časopis. (sl) |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Article (fb:common.topic.article)                                   | fb:m.027bj_7                                                             |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Also known as (fb:common.topic.alias)                               | Caxur (en)                                                               |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Image (fb:common.topic.image)                                       | Цахурский алфавит 1934-1938 годов (fb:m.044p59x)                         |
| ...                             | ...                                                                 | ...                                                                      |

[Assistant] The list of properties for Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) does not directly show the place where it is spoken. I will try to find the property related to the place or country where this language is spoken by searching for properties of the Tsakhur Language entity that might relate to "spoken in" or "location."

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Spoken in countries (fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in): part of Human Language schema, links to type Country
2. Pronunciation (fb:base.schemastaging.context_name.pronunciation): links to type Pronunciation, part of Context name schema
3. Languoid Class (fb:base.rosetta.languoid.languoid_class): links to type Languoid Class, part of Languoid schema
4. Language Family (fb:language.human_language.language_family): part of Human Language schema, links to type Language Family
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
6. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
7. Parent (fb:base.rosetta.languoid.parent): part of Languoid schema, links to type Languoid
8. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text
9. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
10. Article (fb:common.topic.article): links to type Document, part of Topic schema

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Spoken in countries" (fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in) seems to indicate the countries where the Tsakhur language is spoken. I will use this property to find the countries where Tsakhur is spoken.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject                         | property                                                             | object              |
| ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- |
| Tsakhur Language (fb:m.027bj_4) | Spoken in countries (fb:language.human_language.countries_spoken_in) | Russia (fb:m.06bnz) |

[Assistant] The Tsakhur language is spoken in Russia (fb:m.06bnz). Now, I will find the national anthem of Russia. I will search for the national anthem property or related property for Russia.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. National anthem (fb:location.country.national_anthem): links to type National anthem of a country, part of Country schema
2. Flag (fb:symbols.flag_referent.flag): part of Flag referent schema, links to type Flag use
3. Official Language (fb:location.country.official_language): links to type Human Language, part of Country schema
4. Coat of Arms used (fb:symbols.coat_of_arms_bearer.coat_of_arms_used): part of Coat of Arms Bearer schema, links to type Armorial Grant
5. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
6. entry (fb:user.tsegaran.random.taxonomy_subject.entry): part of Taxonomy Subject schema, links to type Taxonomy Entry
7. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
8. Religions (fb:location.statistical_region.religions): links to type Religion percentage, part of Statistical region schema
9. Titles (fb:media_common.netflix_genre.titles): part of Netflix Genre schema, links to type Netflix Title
10. Subject of (fb:common.topic.subject_of): part of Topic schema, links to type Topic

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "National anthem" (fb:location.country.national_anthem) is the relevant property for the national anthem of Russia. I will now query the national anthem of Russia using this property.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject             | property                                              | object       |
| ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| Russia (fb:m.06bnz) | National anthem (fb:location.country.national_anthem) | fb:m.0bwnwv9 |

[Assistant] The national anthem of Russia is identified as fb:m.0bwnwv9. I will now retrieve the name or label of this national anthem entity to provide a human-readable answer.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                                                                                | object                                                                    |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| fb:m.0bwnwv9 | Type (fb:type.object.type)                                                               | National anthem of a country (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country) |
| fb:m.0bwnwv9 | Anthem (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country.anthem)                               | National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd)                                   |
| fb:m.0bwnwv9 | Country (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country.country)                             | Russia (fb:m.06bnz)                                                       |
| fb:m.0bwnwv9 | Official anthem since (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country.official_anthem_since) | 2000-12-30 (xsd:date)                                                     |
| fb:m.0bwnwv9 | rdf:type                                                                                | National anthem of a country (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country) |

[Assistant] The entity fb:m.0bwnwv9 is the national anthem of Russia. It has a property "Anthem" (fb:government.national_anthem_of_a_country.anthem) with the value "National Anthem of Russia" (fb:m.01ptxd). This seems to be the name of the anthem. I will get the label or name of fb:m.01ptxd to confirm.

[Tool]
Got 40 rows and 3 columns, showing the first 10 rows below:
| subject                                 | property                   | object                                         |
| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Awit ng Pederasyong Ruso (fil)                 |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Gimn Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (id)              |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Gimn Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (ms)              |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Gosudarstvennyj gimn Rossijskoj Federacii (sk) |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Himna Ruske federacije (sl)                    |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Himna Ruske Federacije (hr)                    |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Himne de la Federació Russa (ca)               |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Himno nacional de Rusia (es)                   |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Hino da Federação Russa (pt)                   |
| National Anthem of Russia (fb:m.01ptxd) | Name (fb:type.object.name) | Hymna Ruské federace (cs)                      |
| ...                                     | ...                        | ...                                            |

[Tool] Only two of subject, property, or object should be provided.

[Assistant]
The entity fb:m.01ptxd has multiple names in different languages, but the English name is "National Anthem of Russia." This confirms that the national anthem of Russia, where Tsakhur is spoken, is called the "National Anthem of Russia."

I will now finalize the answer.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?inspirer ?inspirerName ?dateOfDeath WHERE {
  VALUES ?inspirer {
    fb:m.0154x6 fb:m.023jy9 fb:m.0249ld fb:m.03p_bz fb:m.040dxk fb:m.0465_ fb:m.05nj0 fb:m.07g2b
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?inspirer fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death ?dateOfDeath .
  }
  OPTIONAL {
    ?inspirer fb:type.object.name ?inspirerName .
    FILTER ( lang( ?inspirerName ) = "en" )
  }
}
ORDER BY ?dateOfDeath
LIMIT 1

The person who inspired F. Scott Fitzgerald that died the earliest is John Keats, who died on February 23, 1821.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Who inspired Scott Fitzgerald that died the earliest?

[Assistant]
To answer the question "Who inspired Scott Fitzgerald that died the earliest?", I need to break down the question into parts:

1. Identify the entity "Scott Fitzgerald" in the knowledge graph.
2. Find the entities that inspired Scott Fitzgerald.
3. For each of these inspiring entities, find their date of death.
4. Determine which of these inspiring entities died the earliest.

I will start by searching for the entity "Scott Fitzgerald" in the Freebase knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Scott Fitzgerald, also known as Fitzgerald, Scott (fb:m.01l4km0): Scott Fitzgerald, is a singer and musical actor, who experienced...nd later represented the UK at the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest., has type Musical Artist
2. Scott Fitzgerald, also known as Fitzgerald, Scott (fb:m.03yz5sn): has type Composer
3. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0271sks): Scott Brian Fitzgerald is an English-born Irish football coach, ...–07 season. Fitzgerald is currently academy manager at Millwall., has type Football player
4. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0cmn_x): Scott P. Fitzgerald is an English semi-professional footballer. ...having departed Wealdstone the previous month, but left in 2014., has type Football player
5. Scott L. Fitzgerald, also known as Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.03nvqsc): Scott L. Fitzgerald is an American politician and one-time newsp...the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 13th District since 1994., has type Politician
6. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0112x3_j): Scott Fitzgerald is an actor, known for the 2009 film Date for Hire., has type Film actor
7. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.011lbl4s): Scott Fitzgerald is an English boxer. He won the gold medal in t...d is trained by his father, Dave, who is the owener of the club.
8. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0n96c27): Scott Fitzgerald was the husband of Pam Bondi., has type Person
9. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0bbgzwy): has type Book Edition
10. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c768hc): has type Book Edition

[Assistant] The search results for "Scott Fitzgerald" do not explicitly show the famous American author F. Scott Fitzgerald, but the closest relevant entity might be missing or under a different name. I will try searching for "F. Scott Fitzgerald" to see if the author is listed under that name.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. F. Scott Fitzgerald, also known as Fitzgerald, F Scott Fitzgerald, Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (fb:m.02zjd): Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was an American author of novels an...at treat themes of youth and promise along with age and despair., has type Author
2. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.08lgkqk): has type Book Edition
3. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.08lybm0): has type Book Edition
4. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0bglw7t): F. Scott Fitzgerald is a fictional character in the 2011 romantic comedy film Midnight in Paris., F. Scott Fitzgerald is a fictional representation of the American writer and novelist., Representation in fiction of the American author., has type Film character
5. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c872v1): has type Book Edition
6. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.06zf30k): Welcome to scottfitz, a shared, online source of facts and infor...d the world. Join us and be a part of building and improving it!
7. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c651cc): has type Book Edition
8. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c9ggvn): has type Book Edition
9. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c8m6k5): has type Book Edition
10. F. Scott Fitzgerald (fb:m.0c8m6hr): has type Book Edition

[Assistant] I found the entity for the author F. Scott Fitzgerald with the identifier fb:m.02zjd. Next, I will look for properties related to inspiration or influences for this entity to find who inspired F. Scott Fitzgerald.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Influenced (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
2. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
3. Influenced By (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
4. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
5. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
6. Quotations (fb:people.person.quotations): links to type Quotation, part of Person schema
7. Category (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.category): part of KWTopic schema, links to type Text
8. Dedications (fb:media_common.dedicator.dedications): links to type Dedication, part of Dedicator schema
9. Has sentences (fb:base.kwebbase.kwtopic.has_sentences): links to type KWSentence, part of KWTopic schema
10. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key

No other items found

[Assistant] The property "Influenced By" (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced_by) seems to be the relevant property to find who inspired F. Scott Fitzgerald. I will now query the entities that inspired F. Scott Fitzgerald using this property.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 2 columns:
| inspirer                        | inspirerName           |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
| Edith Wharton (fb:m.0154x6)     | Edith Wharton (en)     |
| Sherwood Anderson (fb:m.023jy9) | Sherwood Anderson (en) |
| R. D. Blackmore (fb:m.0249ld)   | R. D. Blackmore (en)   |
| Sara Murphy (fb:m.03p_bz)       | Sara Murphy (en)       |
| Shane Leslie (fb:m.040dxk)      | Shane Leslie (en)      |
| John Keats (fb:m.0465_)         | John Keats (en)        |
| Oswald Spengler (fb:m.05nj0)    | Oswald Spengler (en)   |
| T. S. Eliot (fb:m.07g2b)        | T. S. Eliot (en)       |

[Assistant]
I found 8 entities who inspired F. Scott Fitzgerald: Edith Wharton, Sherwood Anderson, R. D. Blackmore, Sara Murphy, Shane Leslie, John Keats, Oswald Spengler, and T. S. Eliot.

Next, I will find the date of death for each of these inspiring entities to determine who died the earliest. I will query their date of death now.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| inspirer                        | inspirerName           | dateOfDeath |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------- |
| Edith Wharton (fb:m.0154x6)     | Edith Wharton (en)     |             |
| Sherwood Anderson (fb:m.023jy9) | Sherwood Anderson (en) |             |
| R. D. Blackmore (fb:m.0249ld)   | R. D. Blackmore (en)   |             |
| Sara Murphy (fb:m.03p_bz)       | Sara Murphy (en)       |             |
| Shane Leslie (fb:m.040dxk)      | Shane Leslie (en)      |             |
| John Keats (fb:m.0465_)         | John Keats (en)        |             |
| Oswald Spengler (fb:m.05nj0)    | Oswald Spengler (en)   |             |
| T. S. Eliot (fb:m.07g2b)        | T. S. Eliot (en)       |             |

[Assistant]
The query to find the date of death for the inspiring entities of F. Scott Fitzgerald returned no dates of death for any of them. This means the property for date of death might be different or missing in the knowledge graph for these entities.

I will try to find the correct property for date of death by searching for properties related to "date of death" for one of the inspiring entities, for example, Edith Wharton.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Date of death (fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Date/Time
2. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Location
3. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
4. Cause of death (fb:people.deceased_person.cause_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Cause Of Death
5. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
6. Place of burial (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_burial): links to type Place of interment, part of Deceased Person schema
7. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
8. Name (fb:type.object.name): part of Object schema, links to type Text
9. Name ID (fb:imdb.topic.name_id): links to type Enumeration, part of Topic schema
10. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key

No other items found

[Assistant] The correct property for date of death is fb:people.deceased_person.date_of_death. I will re-run the query to get the date of death for the inspiring entities using this property.

[Tool]
Got 8 rows and 3 columns:
| inspirer                        | inspirerName           | dateOfDeath           |
| ------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------- |
| John Keats (fb:m.0465_)         | John Keats (en)        | 1821-02-23 (xsd:date) |
| R. D. Blackmore (fb:m.0249ld)   | R. D. Blackmore (en)   | 1900-01-20 (xsd:date) |
| Oswald Spengler (fb:m.05nj0)    | Oswald Spengler (en)   | 1936-05-08 (xsd:date) |
| Edith Wharton (fb:m.0154x6)     | Edith Wharton (en)     | 1937-08-11 (xsd:date) |
| Sherwood Anderson (fb:m.023jy9) | Sherwood Anderson (en) | 1941-03-08 (xsd:date) |
| T. S. Eliot (fb:m.07g2b)        | T. S. Eliot (en)       | 1965-01-04 (xsd:date) |
| Shane Leslie (fb:m.040dxk)      | Shane Leslie (en)      | 1971-08-14 (xsd:date) |
| Sara Murphy (fb:m.03p_bz)       | Sara Murphy (en)       | 1975-10-10 (xsd:date) |

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?college WHERE {
  fb:m.018t67 fb:people.person.education ?college .
}

The knowledge graph contains entities for the colleges Charles R. Drew attended, but these entities lack labels and founding dates, making it impossible to identify them or filter by founding date. Therefore, I cannot construct a precise SPARQL query to answer the question about the college founded before 1821 that Charles Drew attended. The best attempt is a query that retrieves the colleges Charles Drew attended without founding date filtering.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] What is the college that was founded before 1821 which Charles Drew attended?

[Assistant]
To answer this question, I need to find the college(s) that Charles Drew attended and then check which of those colleges were founded before 1821.

Step 1: Identify the entity for Charles Drew.
Step 2: Find the colleges that Charles Drew attended.
Step 3: Check the founding dates of those colleges.
Step 4: Filter the colleges founded before 1821.

I will start by searching for the entity "Charles Drew" in the knowledge graph.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Charles S. Drew, also known as Charles Drew (fb:m.0h3svxc): Charles Stewart Drew, also known as C.S. Drew, was a representat...itory and the other was his report of the Owyhee Reconnaissance., has type Military Person
2. Drew Charles (fb:m.0w8sph3): Drew Charles is a basketball player at UT Arlington Mavericks., has type Basketball Player
3. Charles Drew, also known as Rev. Charles Drew (fb:m.0j_lkl5): Charles Drew is a minister of religion., has type Person
4. Charles Drew (fb:m.0c5298b): has type Author
5. Charles Drew (fb:m.09nhjzz): has type Fictional Character
6. Charles Drew (fb:m.02c2yk4)
7. Charles R. Drew, also known as Dr. Charles R. Drew, Charles Richard Drew (fb:m.018t67): Charles Richard Drew was an American physician, surgeon, and med... lacked scientific foundation, an action which cost him his job., has type Physician
8. Charles Drew Tiene (fb:m.0c4lq05): has type Author
9. Dr. Charles Drew (fb:m.06mf5g6): has type Book
10. Charles Richard Drew (fb:m.0694xkq): has type Book

[Assistant]
The most relevant entity for the Charles Drew we are interested in (the physician and surgeon) is "Charles R. Drew" with the Freebase ID fb:m.018t67.

Next, I will find the colleges that Charles R. Drew attended. I will search for properties related to education or colleges for this entity.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Education (fb:people.person.education): links to type Education, part of Person schema
2. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type
3. Key (fb:type.object.key): part of Object schema, links to type Key
4. Profession (fb:people.person.profession): links to type Profession, part of Person schema
5. Gender (fb:people.person.gender): part of Person schema, links to type Gender
6. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
7. Date of birth (fb:people.person.date_of_birth): links to type Date/Time, part of Person schema
8. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
9. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image
10. Description (fb:common.topic.description): part of Topic schema, links to type Text

No other items found

[Assistant]
The property "Education" (fb:people.person.education) is relevant for finding the colleges Charles R. Drew attended.

Next, I will query the colleges that Charles R. Drew attended using the "Education" property.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| subject                       | property                               | object       |
| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| Charles R. Drew (fb:m.018t67) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.02wmxnx |
| Charles R. Drew (fb:m.018t67) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.03l72ff |
| Charles R. Drew (fb:m.018t67) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.03l72fl |
| Charles R. Drew (fb:m.018t67) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.0n0r27v |
| Charles R. Drew (fb:m.018t67) | Education (fb:people.person.education) | fb:m.0n0w451 |

[Assistant]
Charles R. Drew attended multiple educational institutions with the following Freebase IDs: fb:m.02wmxnx, fb:m.03l72ff, fb:m.03l72fl, fb:m.0n0r27v, fb:m.0n0w451.

Next, I will find the names and founding dates of these colleges to determine which were founded before 1821. I will start by retrieving the labels and founding dates for these entities.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| college      | collegeLabel | foundingDate |
| ------------ | ------------ | ------------ |
| fb:m.02wmxnx |              |              |
| fb:m.03l72ff |              |              |
| fb:m.03l72fl |              |              |
| fb:m.0n0r27v |              |              |
| fb:m.0n0w451 |              |              |

[Assistant]
The query to get the labels and founding dates of the colleges Charles R. Drew attended returned no labels or founding dates. I will try to get the labels of these colleges first to identify them better. Then I will search for their founding dates separately.

I will query the labels of these colleges again.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
The colleges attended by Charles R. Drew do not have English labels in the knowledge graph, which makes it difficult to identify them directly by name. I will try to find the founding dates of these colleges by searching for the property "founding date" or similar for each college entity.

I will start by searching for properties related to founding date for one of the colleges, fb:m.02wmxnx.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Institution (fb:education.education.institution): links to type Educational Institution, part of Education schema
2. Type (fb:type.object.type): part of Object schema, links to type Type

No other items found

[Assistant] There is no direct property related to founding date for the college entity fb:m.02wmxnx. I will try a different approach by searching for the property "date founded" or "founded" in the knowledge graph to see if there is a common property used for founding dates of organizations or educational institutions.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Founded (fb:user.robert.us_congress.congressional_caucus.founded): part of Congressional caucus schema, links to type Date/Time
2. Founded (fb:base.ballet.ballet_school.founded): part of Ballet school schema, links to type Date/Time
3. Founded (fb:user.rcheramy.default_domain.hockey_team.founded): part of Hockey Team schema, links to type Year
4. Founded (fb:base.cdnpolitics.legislative_assembly.founded): part of Legislative Assembly schema, links to type Date/Time
5. Founded (fb:user.rcheramy.default_domain.hockey_league.founded): part of Hockey League schema, links to type Date/Time
6. Founded (fb:base.anglican.church.founded): links to type Date/Time, part of Church schema
7. Founded (fb:base.gambling.lottery.founded): links to type Date/Time, part of Lottery schema
8. Founded (fb:user.ktrueman.default_domain.academic_journal.founded): part of Academic Journal schema, links to type Date/Time
9. Founded (fb:base.yalebase.secret_society.founded): part of Secret society schema, links to type Date/Time
10. Founded (fb:base.militaryinfiction.military_unit_in_fiction.founded): part of Military Unit in Fiction schema, links to type Fictional Date/Time

[Assistant]
The search for a property related to "founded" returned several domain-specific properties, but none explicitly for educational institutions or colleges.

I will try to find the type of the college entities to see if they are classified as educational institutions or organizations, which might help in finding the founding date property.

I will query the types of one of the college entities, fb:m.02wmxnx.

[Tool]
Got 1 row and 3 columns:
| subject      | property                   | object                             |
| ------------ | -------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
| fb:m.02wmxnx | Type (fb:type.object.type) | Education (fb:education.education) |

[Assistant]
The entity fb:m.02wmxnx is of type Education (fb:education.education), which indicates it is an educational institution.

I will now try to find the founding date property for entities of type Education by searching for properties related to founding date for the type fb:education.education.

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Founding school (fb:education.fraternity_sorority.founded_location): part of Fraternity/Sorority schema, links to type College/University
2. Date founded (fb:freebase.apps.hosts.com.freebaseapps.topics.company.date_founded): links to type Date/Time, part of Company schema
3. Date Founded (fb:base.dance.dance_company.date_founded): part of Dance Company schema, links to type Date/Time
4. Date Founded (fb:medicine.hospital.date_founded): part of Hospital schema, links to type Date/Time
5. Date Founded (fb:base.iceandfire.noble_house.date_founded): part of Noble House schema, links to type Date/Time
6. Date founded (fb:user.dharmatech.default_domain.political_organization.date_founded): part of Political organization schema, links to type Date/Time
7. Date founded (fb:base.educationalshortfilm.studios_and_companies.date_founded): part of Studios and Companies schema, links to type Date/Time
8. Date founded (fb:film.film_festival.date_founded): part of Film festival schema, links to type Date/Time
9. Date founded (fb:education.department.date_founded): part of Department schema, links to type Date/Time
10. Date founded (fb:government.government_agency.date_founded): part of Government Agency schema, links to type Date/Time

[Assistant]
There is a property "Date founded" (fb:freebase.apps.hosts.com.freebaseapps.topics.company.date_founded) which is part of the Company schema, but it might also be used for other organizations.

I will try to query the founding dates of the colleges using this property.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 3 columns:
| college      | collegeLabel | foundingDate |
| ------------ | ------------ | ------------ |
| fb:m.02wmxnx |              |              |
| fb:m.03l72ff |              |              |
| fb:m.03l72fl |              |              |
| fb:m.0n0r27v |              |              |
| fb:m.0n0w451 |              |              |

[Assistant]
The query using the property fb:freebase.apps.hosts.com.freebaseapps.topics.company.date_founded also returned no founding dates for the colleges.

Since the direct approach to find founding dates for these colleges is not yielding results, I will try a different approach: I will find the names of the colleges by searching for the "name" property instead of rdfs:label, as sometimes names are stored under different properties.

I will query the names of these colleges using the "name" property.

[Tool] Got no rows and 2 columns

[Assistant]
The colleges attended by Charles R. Drew do not have English names stored under the property fb:type.object.name either.

Given the difficulty in identifying the colleges by name or founding date directly from the entities linked to Charles R. Drew's education, I will try to find the college Charles R. Drew attended that is known historically to be founded before 1821 by searching for colleges attended by Charles Drew with founding dates before 1821.

I will try to find colleges attended by Charles R. Drew with a founding date property and filter by date before 1821 in a single query. I will use a broader property for founding date and include optional labels.

[Tool] Got no rows and 3 columns

[Assistant]
The query to find colleges attended by Charles R. Drew with founding dates before 1821 returned no results.

Given the limitations in the data for founding dates and labels of the colleges Charles R. Drew attended, I will try to find the educational institutions attended by Charles R. Drew and then manually check their founding dates by searching for each college's founding date separately.

I will start by getting the educational institutions attended by Charles R. Drew with their types and any available information to identify them.

[Tool]
Got 5 rows and 2 columns:
| college      | type                               |
| ------------ | ---------------------------------- |
| fb:m.02wmxnx | Education (fb:education.education) |
| fb:m.03l72ff | Education (fb:education.education) |
| fb:m.03l72fl | Education (fb:education.education) |
| fb:m.0n0r27v | Education (fb:education.education) |
| fb:m.0n0w451 | Education (fb:education.education) |

[Assistant]
All the colleges attended by Charles R. Drew are of type Education (fb:education.education), but they lack labels and founding dates in the knowledge graph.

Since the knowledge graph does not provide sufficient information to identify the colleges by name or founding date, I cannot construct a precise SPARQL query to answer the question about the college founded before 1821 that Charles Drew attended.

I will now provide this explanation and the best attempt at a SPARQL query that retrieves the colleges Charles Drew attended.

[Tool] Stopped generation process


PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/>
SELECT ?placeOfBirth ?placeOfBirthLabel WHERE {
  fb:m.05g7q fb:people.person.place_of_birth ?placeOfBirth .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?placeOfBirth rdfs:label ?placeOfBirthLabel
  }
}

Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| placeOfBirth         | placeOfBirthLabel |
| -------------------- | ----------------- |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (ca)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (de)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (en)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (es)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (et)        |
| ...                  | ...               |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Мфезо (ru)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | במבזו (iw)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | म्वेज़ो (hi)      |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | 음베조 (ko)          |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | 牡韋佐 (zh-Hant)     |

The public speaker known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid is Nelson Mandela. He was raised in Mvezo, as indicated by his place of birth.

[System]
You are a question answering assistant. Your job is to generate a SPARQL query to answer a given user question.

You have access to the following knowledge graphs:
freebase at https://qlever.cs.uni-freiburg.de/api/freebase

You can use the following SPARQL prefixes implicitly in all functions:
fb: <http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/
fbkey: <http://rdf.freebase.com/key/
rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/
skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
dct: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/
dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#
schema: <http://schema.org/
geo: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
geosparql: <http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#
gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#
bd: <http://www.bigdata.com/rdf#
hint: <http://www.bigdata.com/queryHints#
wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology#
qb: <http://purl.org/linked-data/cube#
void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#

You should follow a step-by-step approach to generate the SPARQL query:
1. Determine possible entities and properties implied by the user question.
2. Use the functions to search for entities and properties in the knowledge graphs. Where applicable, constrain the searches with already identified entities and properties.
3. Gradually build up the SPARQL query using the identified entities and properties. Start with simple queries and add more complexity as needed. Use the execute function to get feedback on intermediate queries. You can go back and forth between knowledge graph searches and SPARQL query executions to refine the query.
4. Use the answer or cancel function to finalize your answer and stop the generation process.

Additional rules:
1. Explain your thought process before and after each step and function call.
2. Do not assume or make up any entities or properties without verifying them with the knowledge graphs and functions.
3. The SPARQL query should always return the actual identifiers / IRIs of the items in its result. It additionally may return labels or other human-readable information, but they are optional and should be put within optional clauses unless explicitly requested by the user.
4. Do not stop early if there are still obvious improvements to be made to the SPARQL query. For example, keep refining your SPARQL query if its result contains irrelevant items or is missing items you expected.
5. Do not perform additional computation (e.g. filtering, sorting, calculations) on the result of the SPARQL query to determine the answer. All computation should be done solely within SPARQL.
6. For questions with a "True" or "False" answer the SPARQL query should be an ASK query.
7. Do not use 'SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language ...' in SPARQL queries. It is not SPARQL standard and unsupported by the used QLever SPARQL endpoints. Use rdfs:label or similar properties to get labels instead.

[User] Where was the public speaker, known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid, raised?

[Assistant]
The question asks for the place where a public speaker, known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid, was raised. To answer this, I need to identify the public speaker who is famous for speaking against Anti-Apartheid and then find the place where this person was raised.

Step 1: Identify the public speaker known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid.
Step 2: Find the place where this person was raised.

I will start by searching for entities related to "Anti-Apartheid" and "public speaker" to identify the relevant person.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Anti-Apartheid (fb:m.04lxyz0): has type Literature Subject
2. Anti-Apartheid Movement (fb:m.05c2md): The Anti-Apartheid Movement, originally known as the Boycott Mov...'s system of apartheid and supporting South Africa's non-whites., has type Organization
3. Anti-apartheid activists (fb:m.0bnw86n)
4. Anti-apartheid movements (fb:m.0bn_5bv)
5. The U.S. anti-apartheid movement: local activism in global politics, also known as US anti-apartheid movement. (fb:m.087sbhd): has type Book Edition
6. Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act (fb:m.0dzcrs): The Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 was a law enacted b... Africa took steps towards meeting the preconditions of the act.
7. The Anti-Apartheid Reader (fb:m.06ll00d): has type Book
8. Women anti-apartheid activists (fb:m.0bnwg31)
9. Anti-apartheid movements--South Africa (fb:m.0bp03l_)
10. Botha Botha (Anti-Apartheid Song) (fb:m.0drvh97): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant]
I found several entities related to Anti-Apartheid, including the Anti-Apartheid Movement (fb:m.05c2md) and Anti-apartheid activists (fb:m.0bnw86n). Since the question is about a public speaker known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid, it is likely referring to an anti-apartheid activist or a notable figure associated with the Anti-Apartheid Movement.

Next, I will search for notable public speakers or activists associated with the Anti-Apartheid Movement or Anti-apartheid activists. I will search for entities related to "Anti-apartheid activists" to identify the relevant person.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Anti-apartheid activists (fb:m.0bnw86n)
2. Women anti-apartheid activists (fb:m.0bnwg31)
3. Activist (fb:base.activism.activist)
4. Activist (fb:m.0j_7vl6): has type Profession
5. Anti-Apartheid (fb:m.04lxyz0): has type Literature Subject
6. Activist (fb:m.04ch_02)
7. Foad Manshadi, also known as Blogger, Musician, Activist (fb:m.0nb1g7s): Foad Manghouly (Persian: فواد منقولی; born on June 3, 1987) know...nism since his youth. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foad_Manshadi, Foad Manghouly or simply Foad, is an American entrepreneur, reco...y world music. Foad has practiced vegetarianism since his youth., has type Musical Artist
8. Activist (fb:m.0qykst): has type Musical Recording
9. Activist (fb:m.0skd7rw): has type Musical Recording
10. Activist (fb:m.011m88d): has type Musical Recording

[Assistant] I found the entity "Anti-apartheid activists" (fb:m.0bnw86n) but no specific individual public speaker yet. I need to identify a notable public speaker known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid. One of the most famous public speakers against Apartheid is Nelson Mandela. I will search for "Nelson Mandela" to confirm his identity and then find the place where he was raised.

[Tool]
Top 10 entity alternatives:
1. Nelson Mandela, also known as Rolihlahla Dalibhunga Mandela, The father of the Nation, tata, Rolihlahla Mandela, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (fb:m.05g7q): Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid rev...ning the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League., has type Military Commander
2. Free Nelson Mandela, also known as Nelson Mandela (fb:m.0l0xz1): "Nelson Mandela" is a song written by British musician Jerry Dam...ath, the single re-entered at number 96 on the UK Singles Chart., has type Composition
3. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.0wk87k): has type Musical Recording
4. Nelson Mandela, also known as Nelson Mandela (2002 remaster) (fb:m.0pwlnw): has type Musical Recording
5. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.01ct763): has type Musical Recording
6. Mandela, also known as Nelson Mandela (fb:m.01253bs): has type Musical Recording
7. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.0sm_wj): has type Musical Recording
8. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.06vz1_2): Nelson Mandela is a fictional representation of President Nelson Mandela of South Africa from the 2007 film Goodbye Bafana., Nelson Mandela is a fictional character from the 2009 drama film Invictus and the 2011 film Winnie., Nelson Mandela is a fictional character from the 2013 film Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom., Nelson Mandela is a fictional character in the 1997 film Mandela and de Klerk., Nelson Mandela  is a fictional character from the 2011 drama film Winnie., Nelson Mandela is a fictional character in the 2009 drama film Endgame., Nelson Mandela is a fictional character from the 1987 film Mandela., has type Film character
9. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.0dxxvd6): has type Musical Recording
10. Nelson Mandela (fb:m.08ct9qb): has type Book Edition

[Assistant]
The entity "Nelson Mandela" (fb:m.05g7q) is identified as a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and a notable public speaker against Apartheid. This matches the description of the public speaker known for speaking against Anti-Apartheid.

Next, I will find the place where Nelson Mandela was raised. I will search for properties related to "place raised" or similar for the entity Nelson Mandela (fb:m.05g7q).

[Tool]
Top 10 property alternatives:
1. Places lived (fb:people.person.places_lived): links to type Place lived, part of Person schema
2. Height (fb:people.person.height_meters): links to type Floating Point Number, part of Person schema
3. Place of death (fb:people.deceased_person.place_of_death): part of Deceased Person schema, links to type Location
4. Belongs to Order (fb:royalty.chivalric_order_member.belongs_to_order): links to type Chivalric Order Membership, part of Chivalric Order Member schema
5. Appears in ranked lists (fb:award.ranked_item.appears_in_ranked_lists): part of Ranked item schema, links to type Ranking
6. Area of activism (fb:base.activism.activist.area_of_activism): links to type Activism issue, part of Activist schema
7. Place of birth (fb:people.person.place_of_birth): links to type Location, part of Person schema
8. Country of nationality (fb:people.person.nationality): part of Person schema, links to type Country
9. Influenced (fb:influence.influence_node.influenced): part of Influence Node schema, links to type Influence Node
10. Image (fb:common.topic.image): part of Topic schema, links to type Image

No other items found

[Assistant]
There is no direct property for "place raised" for Nelson Mandela, but there is a property "place of birth" (fb:people.person.place_of_birth) which might be used as a proxy for where he was raised, as often people are raised near their place of birth.

I will now query for the place of birth of Nelson Mandela (fb:m.05g7q).

[Tool]
Got 20 rows and 2 columns, showing the first 5 and last 5 rows below:
| placeOfBirth         | placeOfBirthLabel |
| -------------------- | ----------------- |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (ca)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (de)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (en)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (es)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Mvezo (et)        |
| ...                  | ...               |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | Мфезо (ru)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | במבזו (iw)        |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | म्वेज़ो (hi)      |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | 음베조 (ko)          |
| Mvezo (fb:m.02q_z4c) | 牡韋佐 (zh-Hant)     |

[Tool] Stopped generation process